diff --git a/be/apps/core/package.json b/be/apps/core/package.json
index 32522589..ba071764 100644
--- a/be/apps/core/package.json
+++ b/be/apps/core/package.json
@@ -12,7 +12,8 @@
     "db:migrate": "pnpm -C ../../packages/db db:migrate",
     "db:studio": "pnpm -C ../../packages/db db:studio",
     "dev": "nodemon",
-    "dev:reset-superadmin-password": "vite-node src/index.ts --reset-superadmin-password"
+    "dev:reset-superadmin-password": "vite-node src/index.ts --reset-superadmin-password",
+    "manifest:migrate": "vite-node src/index.ts manifest:migrate"
   },
   "dependencies": {
     "@afilmory/be-utils": "workspace:*",
diff --git a/be/apps/core/src/cli/index.ts b/be/apps/core/src/cli/index.ts
index e51bd098..2f2c96cf 100644
--- a/be/apps/core/src/cli/index.ts
+++ b/be/apps/core/src/cli/index.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+import type { ManifestMigrationCliOptions } from './manifest-migrate'
+import { handleManifestMigrationCli, parseManifestMigrationCliArgs } from './manifest-migrate'
 import type { MigrationCliOptions } from './migrate'
 import { handleMigrationCli, parseMigrationCliArgs } from './migrate'
 import type { ResetCliOptions } from './reset-superadmin'
@@ -19,6 +21,14 @@ const cliCommands: Array<CliCommand<unknown>> = [
       console.error('Database migration failed', error)
     },
   },
+  {
+    name: 'manifest:migrate',
+    parse: parseManifestMigrationCliArgs,
+    execute: (options) => handleManifestMigrationCli(options as ManifestMigrationCliOptions),
+    onError: (error) => {
+      console.error('Manifest migration failed', error)
+    },
+  },
   {
     name: 'reset-superadmin-password',
     parse: parseResetCliArgs,
diff --git a/be/apps/core/src/cli/manifest-migrate.ts b/be/apps/core/src/cli/manifest-migrate.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..a6d26ebe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/be/apps/core/src/cli/manifest-migrate.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,181 @@
+import { photoAssets } from '@afilmory/db'
+import { createLogger } from '@afilmory/framework'
+import { eq, gt, sql } from 'drizzle-orm'
+
+import { APP_GLOBAL_PREFIX } from '../app.constants'
+import { createConfiguredApp } from '../app.factory'
+import { DbAccessor, PgPoolProvider } from '../database/database.provider'
+import { ensureCurrentPhotoAssetManifest } from '../modules/content/manifest/manifest-migration.helper'
+import { RedisProvider } from '../redis/redis.provider'
+
+const logger = createLogger('CLI:ManifestMigrate')
+const COMMAND_NAME = 'manifest:migrate'
+const DRY_RUN_FLAG = '--dry-run'
+const BATCH_FLAG = '--batch'
+const DEFAULT_BATCH_SIZE = 200
+
+export interface ManifestMigrationCliOptions {
+  readonly command: typeof COMMAND_NAME
+  readonly dryRun: boolean
+  readonly batchSize: number
+}
+
+export function parseManifestMigrationCliArgs(argv: readonly string[]): ManifestMigrationCliOptions | null {
+  if (argv.length === 0 || argv[0] !== COMMAND_NAME) {
+    return null
+  }
+
+  let dryRun = false
+  let batchSize = DEFAULT_BATCH_SIZE
+
+  for (let index = 1; index < argv.length; index++) {
+    const token = argv[index]
+    if (!token) continue
+
+    if (token === DRY_RUN_FLAG) {
+      dryRun = true
+      continue
+    }
+
+    if (token.startsWith(`${DRY_RUN_FLAG}=`)) {
+      const inline = token.slice(DRY_RUN_FLAG.length + 1)
+      dryRun = inline !== 'false'
+      continue
+    }
+
+    if (token === BATCH_FLAG) {
+      const value = argv[index + 1]
+      if (!value || value.startsWith('--')) {
+        throw new Error('Missing value for --batch')
+      }
+      batchSize = parseBatchSize(value)
+      index++
+      continue
+    }
+
+    if (token.startsWith(`${BATCH_FLAG}=`)) {
+      const inline = token.slice(BATCH_FLAG.length + 1)
+      batchSize = parseBatchSize(inline)
+      continue
+    }
+  }
+
+  return {
+    command: COMMAND_NAME,
+    dryRun,
+    batchSize,
+  }
+}
+
+function parseBatchSize(value: string): number {
+  const parsed = Number.parseInt(value, 10)
+  if (Number.isNaN(parsed) || parsed <= 0) {
+    throw new Error(`Invalid --batch value: "${value}"`)
+  }
+  return parsed
+}
+
+export async function handleManifestMigrationCli(options: ManifestMigrationCliOptions): Promise<void> {
+  const app = await createConfiguredApp({
+    globalPrefix: APP_GLOBAL_PREFIX,
+  })
+
+  const container = app.getContainer()
+  const dbAccessor = container.resolve(DbAccessor)
+  const poolProvider = container.resolve(PgPoolProvider)
+  const redisProvider = container.resolve(RedisProvider)
+
+  try {
+    const db = dbAccessor.get()
+    const total = await countPhotoAssets(db)
+
+    logger.info(
+      `Scanning ${total} photo assets in batches of ${options.batchSize}${options.dryRun ? ' (dry run)' : ''}`,
+    )
+    const summary = await migratePhotoAssets(db, options)
+    logger.info(
+      `${options.dryRun ? 'Dry run' : 'Migration'} completed. Processed ${summary.processed} assets, ${
+        options.dryRun ? 'would update' : 'updated'
+      } ${summary.updated} manifest records.`,
+    )
+  } finally {
+    await app.close(COMMAND_NAME)
+
+    try {
+      const pool = poolProvider.getPool()
+      await pool.end()
+    } catch (error) {
+      logger.warn(`Failed to close PostgreSQL pool cleanly: ${String(error)}`)
+    }
+
+    try {
+      const redis = redisProvider.getClient()
+      redis.disconnect()
+    } catch (error) {
+      logger.warn(`Failed to disconnect Redis client cleanly: ${String(error)}`)
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+type DbClient = ReturnType<DbAccessor['get']>
+
+async function countPhotoAssets(db: DbClient): Promise<number> {
+  const [row] = await db.select({ total: sql<number>`count(*)` }).from(photoAssets)
+  return row?.total ?? 0
+}
+
+async function migratePhotoAssets(
+  db: DbClient,
+  options: ManifestMigrationCliOptions,
+): Promise<{ processed: number; updated: number }> {
+  let processed = 0
+  let updated = 0
+  let lastId: string | null = null
+
+  while (true) {
+    let query: any = db
+      .select({
+        id: photoAssets.id,
+        manifest: photoAssets.manifest,
+        manifestVersion: photoAssets.manifestVersion,
+      })
+      .from(photoAssets)
+      .orderBy(photoAssets.id)
+      .limit(options.batchSize)
+
+    if (lastId) {
+      query = query.where(gt(photoAssets.id, lastId))
+    }
+
+    const rows = await query
+    if (rows.length === 0) {
+      break
+    }
+
+    lastId = rows.at(-1)?.id ?? null
+
+    for (const row of rows) {
+      processed++
+      const { manifest: resolved, changed } = ensureCurrentPhotoAssetManifest(row.manifest)
+      if (!resolved || !changed) {
+        continue
+      }
+
+      updated++
+      if (options.dryRun) {
+        logger.info(`Would update photo asset ${row.id} -> version ${resolved.version}`)
+        continue
+      }
+
+      await db
+        .update(photoAssets)
+        .set({
+          manifest: resolved,
+          manifestVersion: resolved.version,
+        })
+        .where(eq(photoAssets.id, row.id))
+    }
+  }
+
+  return { processed, updated }
+}
diff --git a/be/apps/core/src/database/database.provider.ts b/be/apps/core/src/database/database.provider.ts
index 3c46ba45..f0bb0045 100644
--- a/be/apps/core/src/database/database.provider.ts
+++ b/be/apps/core/src/database/database.provider.ts
@@ -121,10 +121,7 @@ export class DrizzleProvider {
 
 @injectable()
 export class DbAccessor {
-  constructor(
-    private readonly provider: DrizzleProvider,
-    private readonly poolProvider: PgPoolProvider,
-  ) {}
+  constructor(private readonly provider: DrizzleProvider) {}
 
   get(): DrizzleDb {
     const store = getOptionalDbContext()
diff --git a/be/apps/core/src/modules/content/manifest/manifest-migration.helper.ts b/be/apps/core/src/modules/content/manifest/manifest-migration.helper.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..b130ffc9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/be/apps/core/src/modules/content/manifest/manifest-migration.helper.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+import type { AfilmoryManifest } from '@afilmory/builder'
+import { CURRENT_MANIFEST_VERSION, migrateManifest } from '@afilmory/builder'
+import type { ManifestVersion } from '@afilmory/builder/manifest/version.js'
+import type { PhotoAssetManifest } from '@afilmory/db'
+
+export type PhotoAssetManifestPayload = PhotoAssetManifest | null
+
+export function ensureCurrentPhotoAssetManifest(manifest: PhotoAssetManifestPayload): {
+  manifest: PhotoAssetManifest | null
+  changed: boolean
+} {
+  if (!manifest?.data) {
+    return { manifest: null, changed: false }
+  }
+
+  const requiresMigration = manifest.version !== CURRENT_MANIFEST_VERSION || !hasValidFormat(manifest.data.format)
+  if (!requiresMigration) {
+    return { manifest, changed: false }
+  }
+
+  const migrated = migrateSingleManifestItem(manifest)
+  if (!migrated) {
+    return { manifest, changed: false }
+  }
+
+  return { manifest: migrated, changed: true }
+}
+
+function migrateSingleManifestItem(input: PhotoAssetManifest): PhotoAssetManifest | null {
+  const wrapper: AfilmoryManifest = {
+    version: input.version as ManifestVersion,
+    data: [structuredClone(input.data)],
+    cameras: [],
+    lenses: [],
+  }
+
+  const migrated = migrateManifest(wrapper, CURRENT_MANIFEST_VERSION)
+  const migratedItem = migrated.data[0]
+  if (!migratedItem) {
+    return null
+  }
+
+  return {
+    version: CURRENT_MANIFEST_VERSION,
+    data: migratedItem,
+  }
+}
+
+function hasValidFormat(format: string | undefined | null): boolean {
+  return typeof format === 'string' && format.trim().length > 0
+}
diff --git a/be/apps/core/src/modules/content/manifest/manifest.service.ts b/be/apps/core/src/modules/content/manifest/manifest.service.ts
index b969452c..05c116e1 100644
--- a/be/apps/core/src/modules/content/manifest/manifest.service.ts
+++ b/be/apps/core/src/modules/content/manifest/manifest.service.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,9 @@
 import type { AfilmoryManifest, CameraInfo, LensInfo, PhotoManifestItem } from '@afilmory/builder'
+import { CURRENT_MANIFEST_VERSION, migrateManifest } from '@afilmory/builder'
+import type { ManifestVersion } from '@afilmory/builder/manifest/version.js'
+import type { PhotoAssetManifest } from '@afilmory/db'
 import { CURRENT_PHOTO_MANIFEST_VERSION, photoAssets } from '@afilmory/db'
+import { createLogger } from '@afilmory/framework'
 import { DbAccessor } from 'core/database/database.provider'
 import { StorageAccessService } from 'core/modules/content/photo/access/storage-access.service'
 import { createProxyUrl } from 'core/modules/content/photo/access/storage-access.utils'
@@ -8,8 +12,12 @@ import { requireTenantContext } from 'core/modules/platform/tenant/tenant.contex
 import { and, eq, inArray } from 'drizzle-orm'
 import { injectable } from 'tsyringe'
 
+import { ensureCurrentPhotoAssetManifest } from './manifest-migration.helper'
+
 @injectable()
 export class ManifestService {
+  private readonly logger = createLogger('ManifestService')
+
   constructor(
     private readonly dbAccessor: DbAccessor,
     private readonly photoStorageService: PhotoStorageService,
@@ -22,6 +30,7 @@ export class ManifestService {
 
     const records = await db
       .select({
+        id: photoAssets.id,
         manifest: photoAssets.manifest,
         storageProvider: photoAssets.storageProvider,
       })
@@ -43,13 +52,19 @@ export class ManifestService {
       tenant.tenant.id,
     )
     const items: PhotoManifestItem[] = []
+    const upgrades: Array<{ id: string; manifest: PhotoAssetManifest }> = []
 
     for (const record of records) {
-      const item = record.manifest?.data
-      if (!item) {
+      const { manifest, changed } = ensureCurrentPhotoAssetManifest(record.manifest)
+      if (!manifest) {
         continue
       }
-      const normalized = structuredClone(item)
+
+      if (changed) {
+        upgrades.push({ id: record.id, manifest })
+      }
+
+      const normalized = structuredClone(manifest.data)
       if (secureAccessEnabled && (record.storageProvider === 'managed' || record.storageProvider === 's3')) {
         if (normalized.s3Key) {
           normalized.originalUrl = createProxyUrl(normalized.s3Key)
@@ -61,30 +76,74 @@ export class ManifestService {
       items.push(normalized)
     }
 
+    if (upgrades.length > 0) {
+      await this.persistManifestUpgrades(upgrades)
+    }
+
     const sorted = this.sortByDateDesc(items)
-    const cameras = this.buildCameraCollection(sorted)
-    const lenses = this.buildLensCollection(sorted)
+    const manifest = this.ensureCurrentManifestVersion({
+      version: upgrades.length > 0 ? CURRENT_MANIFEST_VERSION : this.resolveManifestVersion(records),
+      data: sorted,
+      cameras: [],
+      lenses: [],
+    })
+
+    const cameras = this.buildCameraCollection(manifest.data)
+    const lenses = this.buildLensCollection(manifest.data)
 
     return {
-      version: this.resolveManifestVersion(records),
-      data: sorted,
+      ...manifest,
       cameras,
       lenses,
     }
   }
 
   private resolveManifestVersion(
-    records: Array<{ manifest: { version: typeof CURRENT_PHOTO_MANIFEST_VERSION } | null }>,
-  ): typeof CURRENT_PHOTO_MANIFEST_VERSION {
+    records: Array<{ manifest: { version: ManifestVersion | string } | null }>,
+  ): ManifestVersion {
     for (const record of records) {
       const version = record.manifest?.version
-      if (version) {
-        return version
+      if (typeof version === 'string' && version.length > 0) {
+        return version as ManifestVersion
       }
     }
     return CURRENT_PHOTO_MANIFEST_VERSION
   }
 
+  private ensureCurrentManifestVersion(manifest: AfilmoryManifest): AfilmoryManifest {
+    if (manifest.version === CURRENT_MANIFEST_VERSION) {
+      return manifest
+    }
+
+    try {
+      return migrateManifest(manifest, CURRENT_MANIFEST_VERSION)
+    } catch (error) {
+      this.logger.warn('Manifest migration failed; returning original payload', { error })
+      return manifest
+    }
+  }
+
+  private async persistManifestUpgrades(upgrades: Array<{ id: string; manifest: PhotoAssetManifest }>): Promise<void> {
+    if (upgrades.length === 0) {
+      return
+    }
+
+    const db = this.dbAccessor.get()
+    for (const entry of upgrades) {
+      try {
+        await db
+          .update(photoAssets)
+          .set({
+            manifest: entry.manifest,
+            manifestVersion: entry.manifest.version,
+          })
+          .where(eq(photoAssets.id, entry.id))
+      } catch (error) {
+        this.logger.warn('Failed to persist manifest upgrade', { photoAssetId: entry.id, error })
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
   private sortByDateDesc(items: PhotoManifestItem[]): PhotoManifestItem[] {
     return [...items].sort((a, b) => this.toTimestamp(b.dateTaken) - this.toTimestamp(a.dateTaken))
   }
diff --git a/be/packages/db/src/schema.ts b/be/packages/db/src/schema.ts
index 4e057e87..53f9745e 100644
--- a/be/packages/db/src/schema.ts
+++ b/be/packages/db/src/schema.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
 import type { PhotoManifestItem } from '@afilmory/builder'
+import type { ManifestVersion } from '@afilmory/builder/manifest/version'
+import { CURRENT_MANIFEST_VERSION } from '@afilmory/builder/manifest/version'
 import {
   bigint,
   boolean,
@@ -29,7 +31,7 @@ export const userRoleEnum = pgEnum('user_role', ['user', 'admin', 'superadmin'])
 export const tenantStatusEnum = pgEnum('tenant_status', ['active', 'inactive', 'suspended'])
 export const tenantDomainStatusEnum = pgEnum('tenant_domain_status', ['pending', 'verified', 'disabled'])
 export const photoSyncStatusEnum = pgEnum('photo_sync_status', ['pending', 'synced', 'conflict'])
-export const CURRENT_PHOTO_MANIFEST_VERSION = 'v7' as const
+export const CURRENT_PHOTO_MANIFEST_VERSION: ManifestVersion = CURRENT_MANIFEST_VERSION
 
 export type PhotoAssetConflictType = 'missing-in-storage' | 'metadata-mismatch' | 'photo-id-conflict'
 /**
@@ -52,7 +54,7 @@ export interface PhotoAssetConflictPayload {
 }
 
 export interface PhotoAssetManifest {
-  version: typeof CURRENT_PHOTO_MANIFEST_VERSION
+  version: ManifestVersion
   data: PhotoManifestItem
 }
 
diff --git a/packages/builder/src/index.ts b/packages/builder/src/index.ts
index 3b6165ee..7266fed2 100644
--- a/packages/builder/src/index.ts
+++ b/packages/builder/src/index.ts
@@ -58,3 +58,7 @@ export type { BuilderConfig, BuilderConfigInput } from './types/config.js'
 export type { AfilmoryManifest, CameraInfo, LensInfo } from './types/manifest.js'
 export type { FujiRecipe, PhotoManifestItem, PickedExif, ToneAnalysis } from './types/photo.js'
 export type { S3ObjectLike } from './types/s3.js'
+
+///// Mirgation
+export { migrateManifest } from './manifest/migrate.js'
+export { CURRENT_MANIFEST_VERSION } from './manifest/version.js'
diff --git a/packages/builder/src/manifest/migrate.ts b/packages/builder/src/manifest/migrate.ts
index fedda6cc..e3f88506 100644
--- a/packages/builder/src/manifest/migrate.ts
+++ b/packages/builder/src/manifest/migrate.ts
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import { workdir } from '@afilmory/builder/path.js'
 
 import { logger } from '../logger/index.js'
 import type { AfilmoryManifest } from '../types/manifest.js'
+import { MIGRATION_STEPS } from './migrations/index.js'
 import type { ManifestVersion } from './version.js'
 import { CURRENT_MANIFEST_VERSION } from './version.js'
 
@@ -25,84 +26,6 @@ export type MigrationStep = {
   exec: ManifestMigrator
 }
 
-// Registry of ordered migration steps. Keep empty until concrete steps are added.
-const MIGRATION_STEPS: MigrationStep[] = [
-  {
-    from: 'v1',
-    to: 'v6',
-    exec: () => {
-      logger.fs.error('🔍 无效的 manifest 版本，创建新的 manifest 文件...')
-      return {
-        version: 'v6',
-        data: [],
-        cameras: [],
-        lenses: [],
-      }
-    },
-  },
-  {
-    from: 'v6',
-    to: 'v7',
-    exec: (raw) => {
-      raw.data.forEach((item) => {
-        if (typeof item.thumbnailUrl === 'string') {
-          item.thumbnailUrl = item.thumbnailUrl.replace(/\.webp$/, '.jpg')
-        }
-      })
-      // 更新版本号为目标版本
-      ;(raw as any).version = 'v7'
-      return raw
-    },
-  },
-  {
-    from: 'v7',
-    to: 'v8',
-    exec: (raw) => {
-      logger.main.info('🔄 迁移 v7 -> v8: 将 Live Photo/Motion Photo 字段转换为 VideoSource sum type')
-
-      raw.data.forEach((item: any) => {
-        // 转换为 VideoSource sum type
-        if (item.motionPhotoOffset !== undefined && item.motionPhotoOffset > 0) {
-          // Motion Photo: 嵌入视频
-          item.video = {
-            type: 'motion-photo',
-            offset: item.motionPhotoOffset,
-            ...(item.motionPhotoVideoSize && { size: item.motionPhotoVideoSize }),
-            ...(item.presentationTimestampUs && { presentationTimestamp: item.presentationTimestampUs }),
-          }
-        } else if (item.isLivePhoto && item.livePhotoVideoUrl) {
-          // Live Photo: 独立视频文件
-          // 仅在 s3Key 存在时创建 video 对象，避免无效元数据
-          if (item.livePhotoVideoS3Key) {
-            item.video = {
-              type: 'live-photo',
-              videoUrl: item.livePhotoVideoUrl,
-              s3Key: item.livePhotoVideoS3Key,
-            }
-          } else {
-            logger.main.warn(
-              `⚠️ 照片 ${item.id || item.url} 的 Live Photo 数据不完整（缺少 s3Key），跳过 video 字段生成`,
-            )
-          }
-        }
-        // 如果两者都不是，video 字段保持 undefined
-
-        // 删除旧字段
-        delete item.isLivePhoto
-        delete item.livePhotoVideoUrl
-        delete item.livePhotoVideoS3Key
-        delete item.motionPhotoOffset
-        delete item.motionPhotoVideoSize
-        delete item.presentationTimestampUs
-      })
-
-      // 更新版本号为目标版本
-      ;(raw as any).version = 'v8'
-      return raw
-    },
-  },
-]
-
 function noOpBumpVersion(raw: any, _target: ManifestVersion): AfilmoryManifest {
   return raw
 }
diff --git a/packages/builder/src/manifest/migrations/index.ts b/packages/builder/src/manifest/migrations/index.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..01da68e1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/builder/src/manifest/migrations/index.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+import type { MigrationStep } from '../migrate.js'
+import { migrateV1ToV6 } from './v1-to-v6.js'
+import { migrateV6ToV7 } from './v6-to-v7.js'
+import { migrateV7ToV8 } from './v7-to-v8.js'
+import { migrateV8ToV9 } from './v8-to-v9.js'
+
+/**
+ * Registry of ordered migration steps.
+ * Each step defines a migration from one version to the next.
+ */
+export const MIGRATION_STEPS: MigrationStep[] = [
+  {
+    from: 'v1',
+    to: 'v6',
+    exec: migrateV1ToV6,
+  },
+  {
+    from: 'v6',
+    to: 'v7',
+    exec: migrateV6ToV7,
+  },
+  {
+    from: 'v7',
+    to: 'v8',
+    exec: migrateV7ToV8,
+  },
+  {
+    from: 'v8',
+    to: 'v9',
+    exec: migrateV8ToV9,
+  },
+]
diff --git a/packages/builder/src/manifest/migrations/v1-to-v6.ts b/packages/builder/src/manifest/migrations/v1-to-v6.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..84f0ff86
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/builder/src/manifest/migrations/v1-to-v6.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+import { logger } from '../../logger/index.js'
+import type { AfilmoryManifest } from '../../types/manifest.js'
+import type { ManifestMigrator, MigrationContext } from '../migrate.js'
+
+/**
+ * Migration: v1 -> v6
+ * 无效的 manifest 版本，创建新的 manifest 文件
+ */
+export const migrateV1ToV6: ManifestMigrator = (_raw: AfilmoryManifest, _ctx: MigrationContext) => {
+  logger.fs.error('🔍 无效的 manifest 版本，创建新的 manifest 文件...')
+  return {
+    version: 'v6',
+    data: [],
+    cameras: [],
+    lenses: [],
+  }
+}
diff --git a/packages/builder/src/manifest/migrations/v6-to-v7.ts b/packages/builder/src/manifest/migrations/v6-to-v7.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..906b842b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/builder/src/manifest/migrations/v6-to-v7.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+import type { AfilmoryManifest } from '../../types/manifest.js'
+import type { ManifestMigrator, MigrationContext } from '../migrate.js'
+
+/**
+ * Migration: v6 -> v7
+ * 将缩略图 URL 从 .webp 替换为 .jpg
+ */
+export const migrateV6ToV7: ManifestMigrator = (raw: AfilmoryManifest, _ctx: MigrationContext) => {
+  raw.data.forEach((item) => {
+    if (typeof item.thumbnailUrl === 'string') {
+      item.thumbnailUrl = item.thumbnailUrl.replace(/\.webp$/, '.jpg')
+    }
+  })
+  // 更新版本号为目标版本
+  ;(raw as any).version = 'v7'
+  return raw
+}
diff --git a/packages/builder/src/manifest/migrations/v7-to-v8.ts b/packages/builder/src/manifest/migrations/v7-to-v8.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..d30c9744
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/builder/src/manifest/migrations/v7-to-v8.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+import { logger } from '../../logger/index.js'
+import type { AfilmoryManifest } from '../../types/manifest.js'
+import type { ManifestMigrator, MigrationContext } from '../migrate.js'
+
+/**
+ * Migration: v7 -> v8
+ * 将 Live Photo/Motion Photo 字段转换为 VideoSource sum type
+ */
+export const migrateV7ToV8: ManifestMigrator = (raw: AfilmoryManifest, _ctx: MigrationContext) => {
+  logger.main.info('🔄 迁移 v7 -> v8: 将 Live Photo/Motion Photo 字段转换为 VideoSource sum type')
+
+  raw.data.forEach((item: any) => {
+    // 转换为 VideoSource sum type
+    if (item.motionPhotoOffset !== undefined && item.motionPhotoOffset > 0) {
+      // Motion Photo: 嵌入视频
+      item.video = {
+        type: 'motion-photo',
+        offset: item.motionPhotoOffset,
+        ...(item.motionPhotoVideoSize && { size: item.motionPhotoVideoSize }),
+        ...(item.presentationTimestampUs && { presentationTimestamp: item.presentationTimestampUs }),
+      }
+    } else if (item.isLivePhoto && item.livePhotoVideoUrl) {
+      // Live Photo: 独立视频文件
+      // 仅在 s3Key 存在时创建 video 对象，避免无效元数据
+      if (item.livePhotoVideoS3Key) {
+        item.video = {
+          type: 'live-photo',
+          videoUrl: item.livePhotoVideoUrl,
+          s3Key: item.livePhotoVideoS3Key,
+        }
+      } else {
+        logger.main.warn(`⚠️ 照片 ${item.id || item.url} 的 Live Photo 数据不完整（缺少 s3Key），跳过 video 字段生成`)
+      }
+    }
+    // 如果两者都不是，video 字段保持 undefined
+
+    // 删除旧字段
+    delete item.isLivePhoto
+    delete item.livePhotoVideoUrl
+    delete item.livePhotoVideoS3Key
+    delete item.motionPhotoOffset
+    delete item.motionPhotoVideoSize
+    delete item.presentationTimestampUs
+  })
+
+  // 更新版本号为目标版本
+  ;(raw as any).version = 'v8'
+  return raw
+}
diff --git a/packages/builder/src/manifest/migrations/v8-to-v9.ts b/packages/builder/src/manifest/migrations/v8-to-v9.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..36bb1a5c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/builder/src/manifest/migrations/v8-to-v9.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+import path from 'node:path'
+
+import type { AfilmoryManifest } from '../../types/manifest.js'
+import type { ManifestMigrator, MigrationContext } from '../migrate.js'
+
+/**
+ * Migration: v8 -> v9
+ * 补全 format 字段
+ */
+export const migrateV8ToV9: ManifestMigrator = (raw: AfilmoryManifest, _ctx: MigrationContext) => {
+  if (!Array.isArray(raw.data)) {
+    raw.data = []
+  }
+
+  raw.data.forEach((item: Record<string, any>) => {
+    if (!item || typeof item !== 'object') return
+    const existing = typeof item.format === 'string' ? item.format.trim() : ''
+    if (existing) {
+      item.format = existing.toUpperCase()
+      return
+    }
+
+    const inferred = inferFormatFromManifestItem(item)
+    item.format = inferred ?? 'UNKNOWN'
+  })
+  ;(raw as any).version = 'v9'
+  return raw
+}
+
+function inferFormatFromManifestItem(item: Record<string, any>): string | null {
+  const s3Format = extractFormatFromPath(item.s3Key)
+  if (s3Format) return s3Format
+
+  const originalFormat = extractFormatFromPath(item.originalUrl)
+  if (originalFormat) return originalFormat
+
+  const thumbFormat = extractFormatFromPath(item.thumbnailUrl)
+  if (thumbFormat) return thumbFormat
+
+  return null
+}
+
+function extractFormatFromPath(input?: string | null): string | null {
+  if (!input || typeof input !== 'string') {
+    return null
+  }
+
+  let target = input.trim()
+  if (!target) {
+    return null
+  }
+
+  try {
+    const parsed = new URL(target)
+    target = parsed.pathname || target
+  } catch {
+    // Not a URL string – keep original path
+  }
+
+  const ext = path.extname(target)
+  if (!ext) {
+    return null
+  }
+
+  const normalized = ext.slice(1).toUpperCase()
+  return normalized || null
+}
diff --git a/packages/builder/src/manifest/version.ts b/packages/builder/src/manifest/version.ts
index 7de5f9b3..662d1cf3 100644
--- a/packages/builder/src/manifest/version.ts
+++ b/packages/builder/src/manifest/version.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 export type ManifestVersion = `v${number}`
 
-export const CURRENT_MANIFEST_VERSION: ManifestVersion = 'v8'
+export const CURRENT_MANIFEST_VERSION: ManifestVersion = 'v9'