feat: introducing a network sandbox proxy (#8442)

This add a new crate, `codex-network-proxy`, a local network proxy
service used by Codex to enforce fine-grained network policy (domain
allow/deny) and to surface blocked network events for interactive
approvals.

- New crate: `codex-rs/network-proxy/` (`codex-network-proxy` binary +
library)
- Core capabilities:
  - HTTP proxy support (including CONNECT tunneling)
  - SOCKS5 proxy support (in the later PR)
- policy evaluation (allowed/denied domain lists; denylist wins;
wildcard support)
  - small admin API for polling/reload/mode changes
- optional MITM support for HTTPS CONNECT to enforce “limited mode”
method restrictions (later PR)

Will follow up integration with codex in subsequent PRs.

## Testing

- `cd codex-rs && cargo build -p codex-network-proxy`
- `cd codex-rs && cargo run -p codex-network-proxy -- proxy`

.github/scripts/install-musl-build-tools.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+set -euo pipefail
+
+: "${TARGET:?TARGET environment variable is required}"
+: "${GITHUB_ENV:?GITHUB_ENV environment variable is required}"
+
+apt_update_args=()
+if [[ -n "${APT_UPDATE_ARGS:-}" ]]; then
+  # shellcheck disable=SC2206
+  apt_update_args=(${APT_UPDATE_ARGS})
+fi
+
+apt_install_args=()
+if [[ -n "${APT_INSTALL_ARGS:-}" ]]; then
+  # shellcheck disable=SC2206
+  apt_install_args=(${APT_INSTALL_ARGS})
+fi
+
+sudo apt-get update "${apt_update_args[@]}"
+sudo apt-get install -y "${apt_install_args[@]}" musl-tools pkg-config g++ clang libc++-dev libc++abi-dev lld
+
+case "${TARGET}" in
+  x86_64-unknown-linux-musl)
+    arch="x86_64"
+    ;;
+  aarch64-unknown-linux-musl)
+    arch="aarch64"
+    ;;
+  *)
+    echo "Unexpected musl target: ${TARGET}" >&2
+    exit 1
+    ;;
+esac
+
+if command -v clang++ >/dev/null; then
+  cxx="$(command -v clang++)"
+  echo "CXXFLAGS=--target=${TARGET} -stdlib=libc++ -pthread" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
+  echo "CFLAGS=--target=${TARGET} -pthread" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
+  if command -v clang >/dev/null; then
+    cc="$(command -v clang)"
+    echo "CC=${cc}" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
+    echo "TARGET_CC=${cc}" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
+    target_cc_var="CC_${TARGET}"
+    target_cc_var="${target_cc_var//-/_}"
+    echo "${target_cc_var}=${cc}" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
+  fi
+elif command -v "${arch}-linux-musl-g++" >/dev/null; then
+  cxx="$(command -v "${arch}-linux-musl-g++")"
+elif command -v musl-g++ >/dev/null; then
+  cxx="$(command -v musl-g++)"
+elif command -v musl-gcc >/dev/null; then
+  cxx="$(command -v musl-gcc)"
+  echo "CFLAGS=-pthread" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
+else
+  echo "musl g++ not found after install; arch=${arch}" >&2
+  exit 1
+fi
+
+echo "CXX=${cxx}" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
+echo "CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER=${cxx}" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
+echo "CMAKE_ARGS=-DCMAKE_HAVE_THREADS_LIBRARY=1 -DCMAKE_USE_PTHREADS_INIT=1 -DCMAKE_THREAD_LIBS_INIT=-pthread -DTHREADS_PREFER_PTHREAD_FLAG=ON" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"

.github/workflows/rust-ci.yml

@@ -265,11 +265,11 @@ jobs:
         name: Install musl build tools
         env:
           DEBIAN_FRONTEND: noninteractive
+          TARGET: ${{ matrix.target }}
+          APT_UPDATE_ARGS: -o Acquire::Retries=3
+          APT_INSTALL_ARGS: --no-install-recommends
         shell: bash
-        run: |
+        run: bash "${GITHUB_WORKSPACE}/.github/scripts/install-musl-build-tools.sh"
-          set -euo pipefail
-          sudo apt-get -y update -o Acquire::Retries=3
-          sudo apt-get -y install --no-install-recommends musl-tools pkg-config
 
       - name: Install cargo-chef
         if: ${{ matrix.profile == 'release' }}

.github/workflows/rust-release.yml

@@ -106,9 +106,9 @@ jobs:
 
       - if: ${{ matrix.target == 'x86_64-unknown-linux-musl' || matrix.target == 'aarch64-unknown-linux-musl'}}
         name: Install musl build tools
-        run: |
+        env:
-          sudo apt-get update
+          TARGET: ${{ matrix.target }}
-          sudo apt-get install -y musl-tools pkg-config
+        run: bash "${GITHUB_WORKSPACE}/.github/scripts/install-musl-build-tools.sh"
 
       - name: Cargo build
         shell: bash

.github/workflows/shell-tool-mcp.yml

@@ -99,9 +99,9 @@ jobs:
 
       - if: ${{ matrix.install_musl }}
         name: Install musl build dependencies
-        run: |
+        env:
-          sudo apt-get update
+          TARGET: ${{ matrix.target }}
-          sudo apt-get install -y musl-tools pkg-config
+        run: bash "${GITHUB_WORKSPACE}/.github/scripts/install-musl-build-tools.sh"
 
       - name: Build exec server binaries
         run: cargo build --release --target ${{ matrix.target }} --bin codex-exec-mcp-server --bin codex-execve-wrapper

codex-rs/Cargo.toml

@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ members = [
     "login",
     "mcp-server",
     "mcp-types",
+    "network-proxy",
     "ollama",
     "process-hardening",
     "protocol",
@@ -136,6 +137,7 @@ env-flags = "0.1.1"
 env_logger = "0.11.5"
 eventsource-stream = "0.2.3"
 futures = { version = "0.3", default-features = false }
+globset = "0.4"
 http = "1.3.1"
 icu_decimal = "2.1"
 icu_locale_core = "2.1"

codex-rs/deny.toml

@@ -73,6 +73,7 @@ ignore = [
     { id = "RUSTSEC-2024-0388", reason = "derivative is unmaintained; pulled in via starlark v0.13.0 used by execpolicy/cli/core; no fixed release yet" },
     { id = "RUSTSEC-2025-0057", reason = "fxhash is unmaintained; pulled in via starlark_map/starlark v0.13.0 used by execpolicy/cli/core; no fixed release yet" },
     { id = "RUSTSEC-2024-0436", reason = "paste is unmaintained; pulled in via ratatui/rmcp/starlark used by tui/execpolicy; no fixed release yet" },
+    { id = "RUSTSEC-2025-0134", reason = "rustls-pemfile is unmaintained; pulled in via rama-tls-rustls used by codex-network-proxy; no safe upgrade until rama removes the dependency" },
     # TODO(joshka, nornagon): remove this exception when once we update the ratatui fork to a version that uses lru 0.13+.
     { id = "RUSTSEC-2026-0002", reason = "lru 0.12.5 is pulled in via ratatui fork; cannot upgrade until the fork is updated" },
 ]

codex-rs/network-proxy/Cargo.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+[package]
+name = "codex-network-proxy"
+edition = "2024"
+version = { workspace = true }
+license.workspace = true
+
+[[bin]]
+name = "codex-network-proxy"
+path = "src/main.rs"
+
+[lib]
+name = "codex_network_proxy"
+path = "src/lib.rs"
+
+[lints]
+workspace = true
+
+[dependencies]
+anyhow = { workspace = true }
+async-trait = { workspace = true }
+clap = { workspace = true, features = ["derive"] }
+codex-app-server-protocol = { workspace = true }
+codex-core = { workspace = true }
+codex-utils-absolute-path = { workspace = true }
+globset = { workspace = true }
+serde = { workspace = true, features = ["derive"] }
+serde_json = { workspace = true }
+time = { workspace = true }
+tokio = { workspace = true, features = ["full"] }
+tracing = { workspace = true }
+tracing-subscriber = { workspace = true, features = ["fmt"] }
+url = { workspace = true }
+rama-core = { version = "=0.3.0-alpha.4" }
+rama-http = { version = "=0.3.0-alpha.4" }
+rama-http-backend = { version = "=0.3.0-alpha.4", features = ["tls"] }
+rama-net = { version = "=0.3.0-alpha.4", features = ["http", "tls"] }
+rama-tcp = { version = "=0.3.0-alpha.4", features = ["http"] }
+rama-tls-boring = { version = "=0.3.0-alpha.4", features = ["http"] }
+
+[dev-dependencies]
+pretty_assertions = { workspace = true }
+tempfile = { workspace = true }
+
+[target.'cfg(target_family = "unix")'.dependencies]
+rama-unix = { version = "=0.3.0-alpha.4" }

codex-rs/network-proxy/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,169 @@
+# codex-network-proxy
+
+`codex-network-proxy` is Codex's local network policy enforcement proxy. It runs:
+
+- an HTTP proxy (default `127.0.0.1:3128`)
+- an admin HTTP API (default `127.0.0.1:8080`)
+
+It enforces an allow/deny policy and a "limited" mode intended for read-only network access.
+
+## Quickstart
+
+### 1) Configure
+
+`codex-network-proxy` reads from Codex's merged `config.toml` (via `codex-core` config loading).
+
+Example config:
+
+```toml
+[network_proxy]
+enabled = true
+proxy_url = "http://127.0.0.1:3128"
+admin_url = "http://127.0.0.1:8080"
+# When `enabled` is false, the proxy no-ops and does not bind listeners.
+# When true, respect HTTP(S)_PROXY/ALL_PROXY for upstream requests (HTTP(S) proxies only),
+# including CONNECT tunnels in full mode.
+allow_upstream_proxy = false
+# By default, non-loopback binds are clamped to loopback for safety.
+# If you want to expose these listeners beyond localhost, you must opt in explicitly.
+dangerously_allow_non_loopback_proxy = false
+dangerously_allow_non_loopback_admin = false
+mode = "limited" # or "full"
+
+[network_proxy.policy]
+# Hosts must match the allowlist (unless denied).
+# If `allowed_domains` is empty, the proxy blocks requests until an allowlist is configured.
+allowed_domains = ["*.openai.com"]
+denied_domains = ["evil.example"]
+
+# If false, local/private networking is rejected. Explicit allowlisting of local IP literals
+# (or `localhost`) is required to permit them.
+# Hostnames that resolve to local/private IPs are still blocked even if allowlisted.
+allow_local_binding = false
+
+# macOS-only: allows proxying to a unix socket when request includes `x-unix-socket: /path`.
+allow_unix_sockets = ["/tmp/example.sock"]
+```
+
+### 2) Run the proxy
+
+```bash
+cargo run -p codex-network-proxy --
+```
+
+### 3) Point a client at it
+
+For HTTP(S) traffic:
+
+```bash
+export HTTP_PROXY="http://127.0.0.1:3128"
+export HTTPS_PROXY="http://127.0.0.1:3128"
+```
+
+### 4) Understand blocks / debugging
+
+When a request is blocked, the proxy responds with `403` and includes:
+
+- `x-proxy-error`: one of:
+  - `blocked-by-allowlist`
+  - `blocked-by-denylist`
+  - `blocked-by-method-policy`
+  - `blocked-by-policy`
+
+In "limited" mode, only `GET`, `HEAD`, and `OPTIONS` are allowed for plain HTTP. HTTPS `CONNECT`
+remains a transparent tunnel, so limited-mode method enforcement does not apply to HTTPS.
+
+## Library API
+
+`codex-network-proxy` can be embedded as a library with a thin API:
+
+```rust
+use codex_network_proxy::{NetworkProxy, NetworkDecision, NetworkPolicyRequest};
+
+let proxy = NetworkProxy::builder()
+    .http_addr("127.0.0.1:8080".parse()?)
+    .admin_addr("127.0.0.1:9000".parse()?)
+    .policy_decider(|request: NetworkPolicyRequest| async move {
+        // Example: auto-allow when exec policy already approved a command prefix.
+        if let Some(command) = request.command.as_deref() {
+            if command.starts_with("curl ") {
+                return NetworkDecision::Allow;
+            }
+        }
+        NetworkDecision::Deny {
+            reason: "policy_denied".to_string(),
+        }
+    })
+    .build()
+    .await?;
+
+let handle = proxy.run().await?;
+handle.shutdown().await?;
+```
+
+When unix socket proxying is enabled, HTTP/admin bind overrides are still clamped to loopback
+to avoid turning the proxy into a remote bridge to local daemons.
+
+### Policy hook (exec-policy mapping)
+
+The proxy exposes a policy hook (`NetworkPolicyDecider`) that can override allowlist-only blocks.
+It receives `command` and `exec_policy_hint` fields when supplied by the embedding app. This lets
+core map exec approvals to network access, e.g. if a user already approved `curl *` for a session,
+the decider can auto-allow network requests originating from that command.
+
+**Important:** Explicit deny rules still win. The decider only gets a chance to override
+`not_allowed` (allowlist misses), not `denied` or `not_allowed_local`.
+
+## Admin API
+
+The admin API is a small HTTP server intended for debugging and runtime adjustments.
+
+Endpoints:
+
+```bash
+curl -sS http://127.0.0.1:8080/health
+curl -sS http://127.0.0.1:8080/config
+curl -sS http://127.0.0.1:8080/patterns
+curl -sS http://127.0.0.1:8080/blocked
+
+# Switch modes without restarting:
+curl -sS -X POST http://127.0.0.1:8080/mode -d '{"mode":"full"}'
+
+# Force a config reload:
+curl -sS -X POST http://127.0.0.1:8080/reload
+```
+
+## Platform notes
+
+- Unix socket proxying via the `x-unix-socket` header is **macOS-only**; other platforms will
+  reject unix socket requests.
+- HTTPS tunneling uses BoringSSL via Rama's `rama-tls-boring`; building the proxy requires a
+  native toolchain and CMake on macOS/Linux/Windows.
+
+## Security notes (important)
+
+This section documents the protections implemented by `codex-network-proxy`, and the boundaries of
+what it can reasonably guarantee.
+
+- Allowlist-first policy: if `allowed_domains` is empty, requests are blocked until an allowlist is configured.
+- Deny wins: entries in `denied_domains` always override the allowlist.
+- Local/private network protection: when `allow_local_binding = false`, the proxy blocks loopback
+  and common private/link-local ranges. Explicit allowlisting of local IP literals (or `localhost`)
+  is required to permit them; hostnames that resolve to local/private IPs are still blocked even if
+  allowlisted (best-effort DNS lookup).
+- Limited mode enforcement:
+  - only `GET`, `HEAD`, and `OPTIONS` are allowed
+  - HTTPS `CONNECT` remains a tunnel; limited-mode method enforcement does not apply to HTTPS
+- Listener safety defaults:
+  - the admin API is unauthenticated; non-loopback binds are clamped unless explicitly enabled via
+    `dangerously_allow_non_loopback_admin`
+- the HTTP proxy listener similarly clamps non-loopback binds unless explicitly enabled via
+    `dangerously_allow_non_loopback_proxy`
+- when unix socket proxying is enabled, both listeners are forced to loopback to avoid turning the
+    proxy into a remote bridge into local daemons.
+- `enabled` is enforced at runtime; when false the proxy no-ops and does not bind listeners.
+Limitations:
+
+- DNS rebinding is hard to fully prevent without pinning the resolved IP(s) all the way down to the
+  transport layer. If your threat model includes hostile DNS, enforce network egress at a lower
+  layer too (e.g., firewall / VPC / corporate proxy policies).

codex-rs/network-proxy/src/admin.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,160 @@
+use crate::config::NetworkMode;
+use crate::responses::json_response;
+use crate::responses::text_response;
+use crate::state::NetworkProxyState;
+use anyhow::Context;
+use anyhow::Result;
+use rama_core::rt::Executor;
+use rama_core::service::service_fn;
+use rama_http::Body;
+use rama_http::Request;
+use rama_http::Response;
+use rama_http::StatusCode;
+use rama_http_backend::server::HttpServer;
+use rama_tcp::server::TcpListener;
+use serde::Deserialize;
+use serde::Serialize;
+use std::convert::Infallible;
+use std::net::SocketAddr;
+use std::sync::Arc;
+use tracing::error;
+use tracing::info;
+
+pub async fn run_admin_api(state: Arc<NetworkProxyState>, addr: SocketAddr) -> Result<()> {
+    // Debug-only admin API (health/config/patterns/blocked + mode/reload). Policy is config-driven
+    // and constraint-enforced; this endpoint should not become a second policy/approval plane.
+    let listener = TcpListener::build()
+        .bind(addr)
+        .await
+        // See `http_proxy.rs` for details on why we wrap `BoxError` before converting to anyhow.
+        .map_err(rama_core::error::OpaqueError::from)
+        .map_err(anyhow::Error::from)
+        .with_context(|| format!("bind admin API: {addr}"))?;
+
+    let server_state = state.clone();
+    let server = HttpServer::auto(Executor::new()).service(service_fn(move |req| {
+        let state = server_state.clone();
+        async move { handle_admin_request(state, req).await }
+    }));
+    info!("admin API listening on {addr}");
+    listener.serve(server).await;
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+async fn handle_admin_request(
+    state: Arc<NetworkProxyState>,
+    req: Request,
+) -> Result<Response, Infallible> {
+    const MODE_BODY_LIMIT: usize = 8 * 1024;
+
+    let method = req.method().clone();
+    let path = req.uri().path().to_string();
+    let response = match (method.as_str(), path.as_str()) {
+        ("GET", "/health") => Response::new(Body::from("ok")),
+        ("GET", "/config") => match state.current_cfg().await {
+            Ok(cfg) => json_response(&cfg),
+            Err(err) => {
+                error!("failed to load config: {err}");
+                text_response(StatusCode::INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR, "error")
+            }
+        },
+        ("GET", "/patterns") => match state.current_patterns().await {
+            Ok((allow, deny)) => json_response(&PatternsResponse {
+                allowed: allow,
+                denied: deny,
+            }),
+            Err(err) => {
+                error!("failed to load patterns: {err}");
+                text_response(StatusCode::INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR, "error")
+            }
+        },
+        ("GET", "/blocked") => match state.drain_blocked().await {
+            Ok(blocked) => json_response(&BlockedResponse { blocked }),
+            Err(err) => {
+                error!("failed to read blocked queue: {err}");
+                text_response(StatusCode::INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR, "error")
+            }
+        },
+        ("POST", "/mode") => {
+            let mut body = req.into_body();
+            let mut buf: Vec<u8> = Vec::new();
+            loop {
+                let chunk = match body.chunk().await {
+                    Ok(chunk) => chunk,
+                    Err(err) => {
+                        error!("failed to read mode body: {err}");
+                        return Ok(text_response(StatusCode::BAD_REQUEST, "invalid body"));
+                    }
+                };
+                let Some(chunk) = chunk else {
+                    break;
+                };
+
+                if buf.len().saturating_add(chunk.len()) > MODE_BODY_LIMIT {
+                    return Ok(text_response(
+                        StatusCode::PAYLOAD_TOO_LARGE,
+                        "body too large",
+                    ));
+                }
+                buf.extend_from_slice(&chunk);
+            }
+
+            if buf.is_empty() {
+                return Ok(text_response(StatusCode::BAD_REQUEST, "missing body"));
+            }
+            let update: ModeUpdate = match serde_json::from_slice(&buf) {
+                Ok(update) => update,
+                Err(err) => {
+                    error!("failed to parse mode update: {err}");
+                    return Ok(text_response(StatusCode::BAD_REQUEST, "invalid json"));
+                }
+            };
+            match state.set_network_mode(update.mode).await {
+                Ok(()) => json_response(&ModeUpdateResponse {
+                    status: "ok",
+                    mode: update.mode,
+                }),
+                Err(err) => {
+                    error!("mode update failed: {err}");
+                    text_response(StatusCode::INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR, "mode update failed")
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        ("POST", "/reload") => match state.force_reload().await {
+            Ok(()) => json_response(&ReloadResponse { status: "reloaded" }),
+            Err(err) => {
+                error!("reload failed: {err}");
+                text_response(StatusCode::INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR, "reload failed")
+            }
+        },
+        _ => text_response(StatusCode::NOT_FOUND, "not found"),
+    };
+    Ok(response)
+}
+
+#[derive(Deserialize)]
+struct ModeUpdate {
+    mode: NetworkMode,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Serialize)]
+struct PatternsResponse {
+    allowed: Vec<String>,
+    denied: Vec<String>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Serialize)]
+struct BlockedResponse<T> {
+    blocked: T,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Serialize)]
+struct ModeUpdateResponse {
+    status: &'static str,
+    mode: NetworkMode,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Serialize)]
+struct ReloadResponse {
+    status: &'static str,
+}

codex-rs/network-proxy/src/config.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,433 @@
+use anyhow::Context;
+use anyhow::Result;
+use anyhow::bail;
+use serde::Deserialize;
+use serde::Serialize;
+use std::net::IpAddr;
+use std::net::SocketAddr;
+use tracing::warn;
+use url::Url;
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize, Default)]
+pub struct NetworkProxyConfig {
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub network_proxy: NetworkProxySettings,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+pub struct NetworkProxySettings {
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub enabled: bool,
+    #[serde(default = "default_proxy_url")]
+    pub proxy_url: String,
+    #[serde(default = "default_admin_url")]
+    pub admin_url: String,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub allow_upstream_proxy: bool,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub dangerously_allow_non_loopback_proxy: bool,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub dangerously_allow_non_loopback_admin: bool,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub mode: NetworkMode,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub policy: NetworkPolicy,
+}
+
+impl Default for NetworkProxySettings {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            enabled: false,
+            proxy_url: default_proxy_url(),
+            admin_url: default_admin_url(),
+            allow_upstream_proxy: false,
+            dangerously_allow_non_loopback_proxy: false,
+            dangerously_allow_non_loopback_admin: false,
+            mode: NetworkMode::default(),
+            policy: NetworkPolicy::default(),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize, Default)]
+pub struct NetworkPolicy {
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub allowed_domains: Vec<String>,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub denied_domains: Vec<String>,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub allow_unix_sockets: Vec<String>,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub allow_local_binding: bool,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, Serialize, Deserialize, PartialEq, Eq, Default)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "lowercase")]
+pub enum NetworkMode {
+    /// Limited (read-only) access: only GET/HEAD/OPTIONS are allowed for HTTP. HTTPS CONNECT is
+    /// blocked unless MITM is enabled so the proxy can enforce method policy on inner requests.
+    Limited,
+    /// Full network access: all HTTP methods are allowed, and HTTPS CONNECTs are tunneled without
+    /// MITM interception.
+    #[default]
+    Full,
+}
+
+impl NetworkMode {
+    pub fn allows_method(self, method: &str) -> bool {
+        match self {
+            Self::Full => true,
+            Self::Limited => matches!(method, "GET" | "HEAD" | "OPTIONS"),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+fn default_proxy_url() -> String {
+    "http://127.0.0.1:3128".to_string()
+}
+
+fn default_admin_url() -> String {
+    "http://127.0.0.1:8080".to_string()
+}
+
+/// Clamp non-loopback bind addresses to loopback unless explicitly allowed.
+fn clamp_non_loopback(addr: SocketAddr, allow_non_loopback: bool, name: &str) -> SocketAddr {
+    if addr.ip().is_loopback() {
+        return addr;
+    }
+
+    if allow_non_loopback {
+        warn!("DANGEROUS: {name} listening on non-loopback address {addr}");
+        return addr;
+    }
+
+    warn!(
+        "{name} requested non-loopback bind ({addr}); clamping to 127.0.0.1:{port} (set dangerously_allow_non_loopback_proxy or dangerously_allow_non_loopback_admin to override)",
+        port = addr.port()
+    );
+    SocketAddr::from(([127, 0, 0, 1], addr.port()))
+}
+
+pub(crate) fn clamp_bind_addrs(
+    http_addr: SocketAddr,
+    admin_addr: SocketAddr,
+    cfg: &NetworkProxySettings,
+) -> (SocketAddr, SocketAddr) {
+    let http_addr = clamp_non_loopback(
+        http_addr,
+        cfg.dangerously_allow_non_loopback_proxy,
+        "HTTP proxy",
+    );
+    let admin_addr = clamp_non_loopback(
+        admin_addr,
+        cfg.dangerously_allow_non_loopback_admin,
+        "admin API",
+    );
+    if cfg.policy.allow_unix_sockets.is_empty() {
+        return (http_addr, admin_addr);
+    }
+
+    // `x-unix-socket` is intentionally a local escape hatch. If the proxy (or admin API) is
+    // reachable from outside the machine, it can become a remote bridge into local daemons
+    // (e.g. docker.sock). To avoid footguns, enforce loopback binding whenever unix sockets
+    // are enabled.
+    if cfg.dangerously_allow_non_loopback_proxy && !http_addr.ip().is_loopback() {
+        warn!(
+            "unix socket proxying is enabled; ignoring dangerously_allow_non_loopback_proxy and clamping HTTP proxy to loopback"
+        );
+    }
+    if cfg.dangerously_allow_non_loopback_admin && !admin_addr.ip().is_loopback() {
+        warn!(
+            "unix socket proxying is enabled; ignoring dangerously_allow_non_loopback_admin and clamping admin API to loopback"
+        );
+    }
+    (
+        SocketAddr::from(([127, 0, 0, 1], http_addr.port())),
+        SocketAddr::from(([127, 0, 0, 1], admin_addr.port())),
+    )
+}
+
+pub struct RuntimeConfig {
+    pub http_addr: SocketAddr,
+    pub admin_addr: SocketAddr,
+}
+
+pub fn resolve_runtime(cfg: &NetworkProxyConfig) -> Result<RuntimeConfig> {
+    let http_addr = resolve_addr(&cfg.network_proxy.proxy_url, 3128).with_context(|| {
+        format!(
+            "invalid network_proxy.proxy_url: {}",
+            cfg.network_proxy.proxy_url
+        )
+    })?;
+    let admin_addr = resolve_addr(&cfg.network_proxy.admin_url, 8080).with_context(|| {
+        format!(
+            "invalid network_proxy.admin_url: {}",
+            cfg.network_proxy.admin_url
+        )
+    })?;
+    let (http_addr, admin_addr) = clamp_bind_addrs(http_addr, admin_addr, &cfg.network_proxy);
+
+    Ok(RuntimeConfig {
+        http_addr,
+        admin_addr,
+    })
+}
+
+fn resolve_addr(url: &str, default_port: u16) -> Result<SocketAddr> {
+    let addr_parts = parse_host_port(url, default_port)?;
+    let host = if addr_parts.host.eq_ignore_ascii_case("localhost") {
+        "127.0.0.1".to_string()
+    } else {
+        addr_parts.host
+    };
+    match host.parse::<IpAddr>() {
+        Ok(ip) => Ok(SocketAddr::new(ip, addr_parts.port)),
+        Err(_) => Ok(SocketAddr::from(([127, 0, 0, 1], addr_parts.port))),
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
+struct SocketAddressParts {
+    host: String,
+    port: u16,
+}
+
+fn parse_host_port(url: &str, default_port: u16) -> Result<SocketAddressParts> {
+    let trimmed = url.trim();
+    if trimmed.is_empty() {
+        bail!("missing host in network proxy address: {url}");
+    }
+
+    // Avoid treating unbracketed IPv6 literals like "2001:db8::1" as scheme-prefixed URLs.
+    if matches!(trimmed.parse::<IpAddr>(), Ok(IpAddr::V6(_))) && !trimmed.starts_with('[') {
+        return Ok(SocketAddressParts {
+            host: trimmed.to_string(),
+            port: default_port,
+        });
+    }
+
+    // Prefer the standard URL parser when the input is URL-like. Prefix a scheme when absent so
+    // we still accept loose host:port inputs.
+    let candidate = if trimmed.contains("://") {
+        trimmed.to_string()
+    } else {
+        format!("http://{trimmed}")
+    };
+    if let Ok(parsed) = Url::parse(&candidate)
+        && let Some(host) = parsed.host_str()
+    {
+        let host = host.trim_matches(|c| c == '[' || c == ']');
+        if host.is_empty() {
+            bail!("missing host in network proxy address: {url}");
+        }
+        return Ok(SocketAddressParts {
+            host: host.to_string(),
+            port: parsed.port().unwrap_or(default_port),
+        });
+    }
+
+    parse_host_port_fallback(trimmed, default_port)
+}
+
+fn parse_host_port_fallback(input: &str, default_port: u16) -> Result<SocketAddressParts> {
+    let without_scheme = input
+        .split_once("://")
+        .map(|(_, rest)| rest)
+        .unwrap_or(input);
+    let host_port = without_scheme.split('/').next().unwrap_or(without_scheme);
+    let host_port = host_port
+        .rsplit_once('@')
+        .map(|(_, rest)| rest)
+        .unwrap_or(host_port);
+
+    if host_port.starts_with('[')
+        && let Some(end) = host_port.find(']')
+    {
+        let host = &host_port[1..end];
+        let port = host_port[end + 1..]
+            .strip_prefix(':')
+            .and_then(|port| port.parse::<u16>().ok())
+            .unwrap_or(default_port);
+        if host.is_empty() {
+            bail!("missing host in network proxy address: {input}");
+        }
+        return Ok(SocketAddressParts {
+            host: host.to_string(),
+            port,
+        });
+    }
+
+    // Only treat `host:port` as such when there's a single `:`. This avoids
+    // accidentally interpreting unbracketed IPv6 addresses as `host:port`.
+    if host_port.bytes().filter(|b| *b == b':').count() == 1
+        && let Some((host, port)) = host_port.rsplit_once(':')
+        && let Ok(port) = port.parse::<u16>()
+    {
+        if host.is_empty() {
+            bail!("missing host in network proxy address: {input}");
+        }
+        return Ok(SocketAddressParts {
+            host: host.to_string(),
+            port,
+        });
+    }
+
+    if host_port.is_empty() {
+        bail!("missing host in network proxy address: {input}");
+    }
+    Ok(SocketAddressParts {
+        host: host_port.to_string(),
+        port: default_port,
+    })
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    use pretty_assertions::assert_eq;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn parse_host_port_defaults_for_empty_string() {
+        assert!(parse_host_port("", 1234).is_err());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn parse_host_port_defaults_for_whitespace() {
+        assert!(parse_host_port("   ", 5555).is_err());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn parse_host_port_parses_host_port_without_scheme() {
+        assert_eq!(
+            parse_host_port("127.0.0.1:8080", 3128).unwrap(),
+            SocketAddressParts {
+                host: "127.0.0.1".to_string(),
+                port: 8080,
+            }
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn parse_host_port_parses_host_port_with_scheme_and_path() {
+        assert_eq!(
+            parse_host_port("http://example.com:8080/some/path", 3128).unwrap(),
+            SocketAddressParts {
+                host: "example.com".to_string(),
+                port: 8080,
+            }
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn parse_host_port_strips_userinfo() {
+        assert_eq!(
+            parse_host_port("http://user:pass@host.example:5555", 3128).unwrap(),
+            SocketAddressParts {
+                host: "host.example".to_string(),
+                port: 5555,
+            }
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn parse_host_port_parses_ipv6_with_brackets() {
+        assert_eq!(
+            parse_host_port("http://[::1]:9999", 3128).unwrap(),
+            SocketAddressParts {
+                host: "::1".to_string(),
+                port: 9999,
+            }
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn parse_host_port_does_not_treat_unbracketed_ipv6_as_host_port() {
+        assert_eq!(
+            parse_host_port("2001:db8::1", 3128).unwrap(),
+            SocketAddressParts {
+                host: "2001:db8::1".to_string(),
+                port: 3128,
+            }
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn parse_host_port_falls_back_to_default_port_when_port_is_invalid() {
+        assert_eq!(
+            parse_host_port("example.com:notaport", 3128).unwrap(),
+            SocketAddressParts {
+                host: "example.com:notaport".to_string(),
+                port: 3128,
+            }
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn resolve_addr_maps_localhost_to_loopback() {
+        assert_eq!(
+            resolve_addr("localhost", 3128).unwrap(),
+            "127.0.0.1:3128".parse::<SocketAddr>().unwrap()
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn resolve_addr_parses_ip_literals() {
+        assert_eq!(
+            resolve_addr("1.2.3.4", 80).unwrap(),
+            "1.2.3.4:80".parse::<SocketAddr>().unwrap()
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn resolve_addr_parses_ipv6_literals() {
+        assert_eq!(
+            resolve_addr("http://[::1]:8080", 3128).unwrap(),
+            "[::1]:8080".parse::<SocketAddr>().unwrap()
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn resolve_addr_falls_back_to_loopback_for_hostnames() {
+        assert_eq!(
+            resolve_addr("http://example.com:5555", 3128).unwrap(),
+            "127.0.0.1:5555".parse::<SocketAddr>().unwrap()
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn clamp_bind_addrs_allows_non_loopback_when_enabled() {
+        let cfg = NetworkProxySettings {
+            dangerously_allow_non_loopback_proxy: true,
+            dangerously_allow_non_loopback_admin: true,
+            ..Default::default()
+        };
+        let http_addr = "0.0.0.0:3128".parse::<SocketAddr>().unwrap();
+        let admin_addr = "0.0.0.0:8080".parse::<SocketAddr>().unwrap();
+
+        let (http_addr, admin_addr) = clamp_bind_addrs(http_addr, admin_addr, &cfg);
+
+        assert_eq!(http_addr, "0.0.0.0:3128".parse::<SocketAddr>().unwrap());
+        assert_eq!(admin_addr, "0.0.0.0:8080".parse::<SocketAddr>().unwrap());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn clamp_bind_addrs_forces_loopback_when_unix_sockets_enabled() {
+        let cfg = NetworkProxySettings {
+            dangerously_allow_non_loopback_proxy: true,
+            dangerously_allow_non_loopback_admin: true,
+            policy: NetworkPolicy {
+                allow_unix_sockets: vec!["/tmp/docker.sock".to_string()],
+                ..Default::default()
+            },
+            ..Default::default()
+        };
+        let http_addr = "0.0.0.0:3128".parse::<SocketAddr>().unwrap();
+        let admin_addr = "0.0.0.0:8080".parse::<SocketAddr>().unwrap();
+
+        let (http_addr, admin_addr) = clamp_bind_addrs(http_addr, admin_addr, &cfg);
+
+        assert_eq!(http_addr, "127.0.0.1:3128".parse::<SocketAddr>().unwrap());
+        assert_eq!(admin_addr, "127.0.0.1:8080".parse::<SocketAddr>().unwrap());
+    }
+}

codex-rs/network-proxy/src/http_proxy.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,636 @@
+use crate::config::NetworkMode;
+use crate::network_policy::NetworkDecision;
+use crate::network_policy::NetworkPolicyDecider;
+use crate::network_policy::NetworkPolicyRequest;
+use crate::network_policy::NetworkProtocol;
+use crate::network_policy::evaluate_host_policy;
+use crate::policy::normalize_host;
+use crate::reasons::REASON_METHOD_NOT_ALLOWED;
+use crate::reasons::REASON_NOT_ALLOWED;
+use crate::reasons::REASON_PROXY_DISABLED;
+use crate::responses::blocked_header_value;
+use crate::responses::json_response;
+use crate::runtime::unix_socket_permissions_supported;
+use crate::state::BlockedRequest;
+use crate::state::NetworkProxyState;
+use crate::upstream::UpstreamClient;
+use crate::upstream::proxy_for_connect;
+use anyhow::Context as _;
+use anyhow::Result;
+use rama_core::Layer;
+use rama_core::Service;
+use rama_core::error::BoxError;
+use rama_core::error::ErrorExt as _;
+use rama_core::error::OpaqueError;
+use rama_core::extensions::ExtensionsMut;
+use rama_core::extensions::ExtensionsRef;
+use rama_core::layer::AddInputExtensionLayer;
+use rama_core::rt::Executor;
+use rama_core::service::service_fn;
+use rama_http::Body;
+use rama_http::HeaderValue;
+use rama_http::Request;
+use rama_http::Response;
+use rama_http::StatusCode;
+use rama_http::layer::remove_header::RemoveRequestHeaderLayer;
+use rama_http::layer::remove_header::RemoveResponseHeaderLayer;
+use rama_http::matcher::MethodMatcher;
+use rama_http_backend::client::proxy::layer::HttpProxyConnector;
+use rama_http_backend::server::HttpServer;
+use rama_http_backend::server::layer::upgrade::UpgradeLayer;
+use rama_http_backend::server::layer::upgrade::Upgraded;
+use rama_net::Protocol;
+use rama_net::address::ProxyAddress;
+use rama_net::client::ConnectorService;
+use rama_net::client::EstablishedClientConnection;
+use rama_net::http::RequestContext;
+use rama_net::proxy::ProxyRequest;
+use rama_net::proxy::ProxyTarget;
+use rama_net::proxy::StreamForwardService;
+use rama_net::stream::SocketInfo;
+use rama_tcp::client::Request as TcpRequest;
+use rama_tcp::client::service::TcpConnector;
+use rama_tcp::server::TcpListener;
+use rama_tls_boring::client::TlsConnectorDataBuilder;
+use rama_tls_boring::client::TlsConnectorLayer;
+use serde::Serialize;
+use std::convert::Infallible;
+use std::net::SocketAddr;
+use std::sync::Arc;
+use tracing::error;
+use tracing::info;
+use tracing::warn;
+
+pub async fn run_http_proxy(
+    state: Arc<NetworkProxyState>,
+    addr: SocketAddr,
+    policy_decider: Option<Arc<dyn NetworkPolicyDecider>>,
+) -> Result<()> {
+    let listener = TcpListener::build()
+        .bind(addr)
+        .await
+        // Rama's `BoxError` is a `Box<dyn Error + Send + Sync>` without an explicit `'static`
+        // lifetime bound, which means it doesn't satisfy `anyhow::Context`'s `StdError` constraint.
+        // Wrap it in Rama's `OpaqueError` so we can preserve the original error as a source and
+        // still use `anyhow` for chaining.
+        .map_err(rama_core::error::OpaqueError::from)
+        .map_err(anyhow::Error::from)
+        .with_context(|| format!("bind HTTP proxy: {addr}"))?;
+
+    let http_service = HttpServer::auto(Executor::new()).service(
+        (
+            UpgradeLayer::new(
+                MethodMatcher::CONNECT,
+                service_fn({
+                    let policy_decider = policy_decider.clone();
+                    move |req| http_connect_accept(policy_decider.clone(), req)
+                }),
+                service_fn(http_connect_proxy),
+            ),
+            RemoveResponseHeaderLayer::hop_by_hop(),
+            RemoveRequestHeaderLayer::hop_by_hop(),
+        )
+            .into_layer(service_fn({
+                let policy_decider = policy_decider.clone();
+                move |req| http_plain_proxy(policy_decider.clone(), req)
+            })),
+    );
+
+    info!("HTTP proxy listening on {addr}");
+
+    listener
+        .serve(AddInputExtensionLayer::new(state).into_layer(http_service))
+        .await;
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+async fn http_connect_accept(
+    policy_decider: Option<Arc<dyn NetworkPolicyDecider>>,
+    mut req: Request,
+) -> Result<(Response, Request), Response> {
+    let app_state = req
+        .extensions()
+        .get::<Arc<NetworkProxyState>>()
+        .cloned()
+        .ok_or_else(|| text_response(StatusCode::INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR, "missing state"))?;
+
+    let authority = match RequestContext::try_from(&req).map(|ctx| ctx.host_with_port()) {
+        Ok(authority) => authority,
+        Err(err) => {
+            warn!("CONNECT missing authority: {err}");
+            return Err(text_response(StatusCode::BAD_REQUEST, "missing authority"));
+        }
+    };
+
+    let host = normalize_host(&authority.host.to_string());
+    if host.is_empty() {
+        return Err(text_response(StatusCode::BAD_REQUEST, "invalid host"));
+    }
+
+    let client = client_addr(&req);
+
+    let enabled = app_state
+        .enabled()
+        .await
+        .map_err(|err| internal_error("failed to read enabled state", err))?;
+    if !enabled {
+        let client = client.as_deref().unwrap_or_default();
+        warn!("CONNECT blocked; proxy disabled (client={client}, host={host})");
+        return Err(proxy_disabled_response(
+            &app_state,
+            host,
+            client_addr(&req),
+            Some("CONNECT".to_string()),
+            "http-connect",
+        )
+        .await);
+    }
+
+    let request = NetworkPolicyRequest::new(
+        NetworkProtocol::HttpsConnect,
+        host.clone(),
+        authority.port,
+        client.clone(),
+        Some("CONNECT".to_string()),
+        None,
+        None,
+    );
+
+    match evaluate_host_policy(&app_state, policy_decider.as_ref(), &request).await {
+        Ok(NetworkDecision::Deny { reason }) => {
+            let _ = app_state
+                .record_blocked(BlockedRequest::new(
+                    host.clone(),
+                    reason.clone(),
+                    client.clone(),
+                    Some("CONNECT".to_string()),
+                    None,
+                    "http-connect".to_string(),
+                ))
+                .await;
+            let client = client.as_deref().unwrap_or_default();
+            warn!("CONNECT blocked (client={client}, host={host}, reason={reason})");
+            return Err(blocked_text(&reason));
+        }
+        Ok(NetworkDecision::Allow) => {
+            let client = client.as_deref().unwrap_or_default();
+            info!("CONNECT allowed (client={client}, host={host})");
+        }
+        Err(err) => {
+            error!("failed to evaluate host for CONNECT {host}: {err}");
+            return Err(text_response(StatusCode::INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR, "error"));
+        }
+    }
+
+    let mode = app_state
+        .network_mode()
+        .await
+        .map_err(|err| internal_error("failed to read network mode", err))?;
+
+    if mode == NetworkMode::Limited {
+        let _ = app_state
+            .record_blocked(BlockedRequest::new(
+                host.clone(),
+                REASON_METHOD_NOT_ALLOWED.to_string(),
+                client.clone(),
+                Some("CONNECT".to_string()),
+                Some(NetworkMode::Limited),
+                "http-connect".to_string(),
+            ))
+            .await;
+        let client = client.as_deref().unwrap_or_default();
+        warn!("CONNECT blocked by method policy (client={client}, host={host}, mode=limited)");
+        return Err(blocked_text(REASON_METHOD_NOT_ALLOWED));
+    }
+
+    req.extensions_mut().insert(ProxyTarget(authority));
+    req.extensions_mut().insert(mode);
+
+    Ok((
+        Response::builder()
+            .status(StatusCode::OK)
+            .body(Body::empty())
+            .unwrap_or_else(|_| Response::new(Body::empty())),
+        req,
+    ))
+}
+
+async fn http_connect_proxy(upgraded: Upgraded) -> Result<(), Infallible> {
+    if upgraded.extensions().get::<ProxyTarget>().is_none() {
+        warn!("CONNECT missing proxy target");
+        return Ok(());
+    }
+
+    let allow_upstream_proxy = match upgraded
+        .extensions()
+        .get::<Arc<NetworkProxyState>>()
+        .cloned()
+    {
+        Some(state) => match state.allow_upstream_proxy().await {
+            Ok(allowed) => allowed,
+            Err(err) => {
+                error!("failed to read upstream proxy setting: {err}");
+                false
+            }
+        },
+        None => {
+            error!("missing app state");
+            false
+        }
+    };
+
+    let proxy = if allow_upstream_proxy {
+        proxy_for_connect()
+    } else {
+        None
+    };
+
+    if let Err(err) = forward_connect_tunnel(upgraded, proxy).await {
+        warn!("tunnel error: {err}");
+    }
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+async fn forward_connect_tunnel(
+    upgraded: Upgraded,
+    proxy: Option<ProxyAddress>,
+) -> Result<(), BoxError> {
+    let authority = upgraded
+        .extensions()
+        .get::<ProxyTarget>()
+        .map(|target| target.0.clone())
+        .ok_or_else(|| OpaqueError::from_display("missing forward authority").into_boxed())?;
+
+    let mut extensions = upgraded.extensions().clone();
+    if let Some(proxy) = proxy {
+        extensions.insert(proxy);
+    }
+
+    let req = TcpRequest::new_with_extensions(authority.clone(), extensions)
+        .with_protocol(Protocol::HTTPS);
+    let proxy_connector = HttpProxyConnector::optional(TcpConnector::new());
+    let tls_config = TlsConnectorDataBuilder::new_http_auto().into_shared_builder();
+    let connector = TlsConnectorLayer::tunnel(None)
+        .with_connector_data(tls_config)
+        .into_layer(proxy_connector);
+    let EstablishedClientConnection { conn: target, .. } =
+        connector.connect(req).await.map_err(|err| {
+            OpaqueError::from_boxed(err)
+                .with_context(|| format!("establish CONNECT tunnel to {authority}"))
+                .into_boxed()
+        })?;
+
+    let proxy_req = ProxyRequest {
+        source: upgraded,
+        target,
+    };
+    StreamForwardService::default()
+        .serve(proxy_req)
+        .await
+        .map_err(|err| {
+            OpaqueError::from_boxed(err.into())
+                .with_context(|| format!("forward CONNECT tunnel to {authority}"))
+                .into_boxed()
+        })
+}
+
+async fn http_plain_proxy(
+    policy_decider: Option<Arc<dyn NetworkPolicyDecider>>,
+    req: Request,
+) -> Result<Response, Infallible> {
+    let app_state = match req.extensions().get::<Arc<NetworkProxyState>>().cloned() {
+        Some(state) => state,
+        None => {
+            error!("missing app state");
+            return Ok(text_response(StatusCode::INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR, "error"));
+        }
+    };
+    let client = client_addr(&req);
+
+    let method_allowed = match app_state
+        .method_allowed(req.method().as_str())
+        .await
+        .map_err(|err| internal_error("failed to evaluate method policy", err))
+    {
+        Ok(allowed) => allowed,
+        Err(resp) => return Ok(resp),
+    };
+
+    // `x-unix-socket` is an escape hatch for talking to local daemons. We keep it tightly scoped:
+    // macOS-only + explicit allowlist, to avoid turning the proxy into a general local capability
+    // escalation mechanism.
+    if let Some(unix_socket_header) = req.headers().get("x-unix-socket") {
+        let socket_path = match unix_socket_header.to_str() {
+            Ok(value) => value.to_string(),
+            Err(_) => {
+                warn!("invalid x-unix-socket header value (non-UTF8)");
+                return Ok(text_response(
+                    StatusCode::BAD_REQUEST,
+                    "invalid x-unix-socket header",
+                ));
+            }
+        };
+        let enabled = match app_state
+            .enabled()
+            .await
+            .map_err(|err| internal_error("failed to read enabled state", err))
+        {
+            Ok(enabled) => enabled,
+            Err(resp) => return Ok(resp),
+        };
+        if !enabled {
+            let client = client.as_deref().unwrap_or_default();
+            warn!("unix socket blocked; proxy disabled (client={client}, path={socket_path})");
+            return Ok(proxy_disabled_response(
+                &app_state,
+                socket_path,
+                client_addr(&req),
+                Some(req.method().as_str().to_string()),
+                "unix-socket",
+            )
+            .await);
+        }
+        if !method_allowed {
+            let client = client.as_deref().unwrap_or_default();
+            let method = req.method();
+            warn!(
+                "unix socket blocked by method policy (client={client}, method={method}, mode=limited, allowed_methods=GET, HEAD, OPTIONS)"
+            );
+            return Ok(json_blocked("unix-socket", REASON_METHOD_NOT_ALLOWED));
+        }
+
+        if !unix_socket_permissions_supported() {
+            warn!("unix socket proxy unsupported on this platform (path={socket_path})");
+            return Ok(text_response(
+                StatusCode::NOT_IMPLEMENTED,
+                "unix sockets unsupported",
+            ));
+        }
+
+        return match app_state.is_unix_socket_allowed(&socket_path).await {
+            Ok(true) => {
+                let client = client.as_deref().unwrap_or_default();
+                info!("unix socket allowed (client={client}, path={socket_path})");
+                match proxy_via_unix_socket(req, &socket_path).await {
+                    Ok(resp) => Ok(resp),
+                    Err(err) => {
+                        warn!("unix socket proxy failed: {err}");
+                        Ok(text_response(
+                            StatusCode::BAD_GATEWAY,
+                            "unix socket proxy failed",
+                        ))
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            Ok(false) => {
+                let client = client.as_deref().unwrap_or_default();
+                warn!("unix socket blocked (client={client}, path={socket_path})");
+                Ok(json_blocked("unix-socket", REASON_NOT_ALLOWED))
+            }
+            Err(err) => {
+                warn!("unix socket check failed: {err}");
+                Ok(text_response(StatusCode::INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR, "error"))
+            }
+        };
+    }
+
+    let authority = match RequestContext::try_from(&req).map(|ctx| ctx.host_with_port()) {
+        Ok(authority) => authority,
+        Err(err) => {
+            warn!("missing host: {err}");
+            return Ok(text_response(StatusCode::BAD_REQUEST, "missing host"));
+        }
+    };
+    let host = normalize_host(&authority.host.to_string());
+    let port = authority.port;
+    let enabled = match app_state
+        .enabled()
+        .await
+        .map_err(|err| internal_error("failed to read enabled state", err))
+    {
+        Ok(enabled) => enabled,
+        Err(resp) => return Ok(resp),
+    };
+    if !enabled {
+        let client = client.as_deref().unwrap_or_default();
+        let method = req.method();
+        warn!("request blocked; proxy disabled (client={client}, host={host}, method={method})");
+        return Ok(proxy_disabled_response(
+            &app_state,
+            host,
+            client_addr(&req),
+            Some(req.method().as_str().to_string()),
+            "http",
+        )
+        .await);
+    }
+
+    let request = NetworkPolicyRequest::new(
+        NetworkProtocol::Http,
+        host.clone(),
+        port,
+        client.clone(),
+        Some(req.method().as_str().to_string()),
+        None,
+        None,
+    );
+
+    match evaluate_host_policy(&app_state, policy_decider.as_ref(), &request).await {
+        Ok(NetworkDecision::Deny { reason }) => {
+            let _ = app_state
+                .record_blocked(BlockedRequest::new(
+                    host.clone(),
+                    reason.clone(),
+                    client.clone(),
+                    Some(req.method().as_str().to_string()),
+                    None,
+                    "http".to_string(),
+                ))
+                .await;
+            let client = client.as_deref().unwrap_or_default();
+            warn!("request blocked (client={client}, host={host}, reason={reason})");
+            return Ok(json_blocked(&host, &reason));
+        }
+        Ok(NetworkDecision::Allow) => {}
+        Err(err) => {
+            error!("failed to evaluate host for {host}: {err}");
+            return Ok(text_response(StatusCode::INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR, "error"));
+        }
+    }
+
+    if !method_allowed {
+        let _ = app_state
+            .record_blocked(BlockedRequest::new(
+                host.clone(),
+                REASON_METHOD_NOT_ALLOWED.to_string(),
+                client.clone(),
+                Some(req.method().as_str().to_string()),
+                Some(NetworkMode::Limited),
+                "http".to_string(),
+            ))
+            .await;
+        let client = client.as_deref().unwrap_or_default();
+        let method = req.method();
+        warn!(
+            "request blocked by method policy (client={client}, host={host}, method={method}, mode=limited, allowed_methods=GET, HEAD, OPTIONS)"
+        );
+        return Ok(json_blocked(&host, REASON_METHOD_NOT_ALLOWED));
+    }
+
+    let client = client.as_deref().unwrap_or_default();
+    let method = req.method();
+    info!("request allowed (client={client}, host={host}, method={method})");
+
+    let allow_upstream_proxy = match app_state
+        .allow_upstream_proxy()
+        .await
+        .map_err(|err| internal_error("failed to read upstream proxy config", err))
+    {
+        Ok(allow) => allow,
+        Err(resp) => return Ok(resp),
+    };
+    let client = if allow_upstream_proxy {
+        UpstreamClient::from_env_proxy()
+    } else {
+        UpstreamClient::direct()
+    };
+
+    match client.serve(req).await {
+        Ok(resp) => Ok(resp),
+        Err(err) => {
+            warn!("upstream request failed: {err}");
+            Ok(text_response(StatusCode::BAD_GATEWAY, "upstream failure"))
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+async fn proxy_via_unix_socket(req: Request, socket_path: &str) -> Result<Response> {
+    #[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
+    {
+        let client = UpstreamClient::unix_socket(socket_path);
+
+        let (mut parts, body) = req.into_parts();
+        let path = parts
+            .uri
+            .path_and_query()
+            .map(rama_http::uri::PathAndQuery::as_str)
+            .unwrap_or("/");
+        parts.uri = path
+            .parse()
+            .with_context(|| format!("invalid unix socket request path: {path}"))?;
+        parts.headers.remove("x-unix-socket");
+
+        let req = Request::from_parts(parts, body);
+        client.serve(req).await.map_err(anyhow::Error::from)
+    }
+    #[cfg(not(target_os = "macos"))]
+    {
+        let _ = req;
+        let _ = socket_path;
+        Err(anyhow::anyhow!("unix sockets not supported"))
+    }
+}
+
+fn client_addr<T: ExtensionsRef>(input: &T) -> Option<String> {
+    input
+        .extensions()
+        .get::<SocketInfo>()
+        .map(|info| info.peer_addr().to_string())
+}
+
+fn json_blocked(host: &str, reason: &str) -> Response {
+    let response = BlockedResponse {
+        status: "blocked",
+        host,
+        reason,
+    };
+    let mut resp = json_response(&response);
+    *resp.status_mut() = StatusCode::FORBIDDEN;
+    resp.headers_mut().insert(
+        "x-proxy-error",
+        HeaderValue::from_static(blocked_header_value(reason)),
+    );
+    resp
+}
+
+fn blocked_text(reason: &str) -> Response {
+    crate::responses::blocked_text_response(reason)
+}
+
+async fn proxy_disabled_response(
+    app_state: &NetworkProxyState,
+    host: String,
+    client: Option<String>,
+    method: Option<String>,
+    protocol: &str,
+) -> Response {
+    let _ = app_state
+        .record_blocked(BlockedRequest::new(
+            host,
+            REASON_PROXY_DISABLED.to_string(),
+            client,
+            method,
+            None,
+            protocol.to_string(),
+        ))
+        .await;
+    text_response(StatusCode::SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE, "proxy disabled")
+}
+
+fn internal_error(context: &str, err: impl std::fmt::Display) -> Response {
+    error!("{context}: {err}");
+    text_response(StatusCode::INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR, "error")
+}
+
+fn text_response(status: StatusCode, body: &str) -> Response {
+    Response::builder()
+        .status(status)
+        .header("content-type", "text/plain")
+        .body(Body::from(body.to_string()))
+        .unwrap_or_else(|_| Response::new(Body::from(body.to_string())))
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize)]
+struct BlockedResponse<'a> {
+    status: &'static str,
+    host: &'a str,
+    reason: &'a str,
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    use crate::config::NetworkMode;
+    use crate::config::NetworkPolicy;
+    use crate::runtime::network_proxy_state_for_policy;
+    use pretty_assertions::assert_eq;
+    use rama_http::Method;
+    use rama_http::Request;
+    use std::sync::Arc;
+
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn http_connect_accept_blocks_in_limited_mode() {
+        let policy = NetworkPolicy {
+            allowed_domains: vec!["example.com".to_string()],
+            ..Default::default()
+        };
+        let state = Arc::new(network_proxy_state_for_policy(policy));
+        state.set_network_mode(NetworkMode::Limited).await.unwrap();
+
+        let mut req = Request::builder()
+            .method(Method::CONNECT)
+            .uri("https://example.com:443")
+            .header("host", "example.com:443")
+            .body(Body::empty())
+            .unwrap();
+        req.extensions_mut().insert(state);
+
+        let response = http_connect_accept(None, req).await.unwrap_err();
+        assert_eq!(response.status(), StatusCode::FORBIDDEN);
+        assert_eq!(
+            response.headers().get("x-proxy-error").unwrap(),
+            "blocked-by-method-policy"
+        );
+    }
+}

codex-rs/network-proxy/src/lib.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+#![deny(clippy::print_stdout, clippy::print_stderr)]
+
+mod admin;
+mod config;
+mod http_proxy;
+mod network_policy;
+mod policy;
+mod proxy;
+mod reasons;
+mod responses;
+mod runtime;
+mod state;
+mod upstream;
+
+use anyhow::Result;
+pub use network_policy::NetworkDecision;
+pub use network_policy::NetworkPolicyDecider;
+pub use network_policy::NetworkPolicyRequest;
+pub use network_policy::NetworkProtocol;
+pub use proxy::Args;
+pub use proxy::NetworkProxy;
+pub use proxy::NetworkProxyBuilder;
+pub use proxy::NetworkProxyHandle;
+
+pub async fn run_main(args: Args) -> Result<()> {
+    let _ = args;
+    let proxy = NetworkProxy::builder().build().await?;
+    proxy.run().await?.wait().await
+}

codex-rs/network-proxy/src/main.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+use anyhow::Result;
+use clap::Parser;
+use codex_network_proxy::Args;
+use codex_network_proxy::NetworkProxy;
+
+#[tokio::main]
+async fn main() -> Result<()> {
+    tracing_subscriber::fmt::init();
+
+    let args = Args::parse();
+    let _ = args;
+    let proxy = NetworkProxy::builder().build().await?;
+    proxy.run().await?.wait().await
+}

codex-rs/network-proxy/src/network_policy.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,234 @@
+use crate::reasons::REASON_POLICY_DENIED;
+use crate::runtime::HostBlockDecision;
+use crate::runtime::HostBlockReason;
+use crate::state::NetworkProxyState;
+use anyhow::Result;
+use async_trait::async_trait;
+use std::future::Future;
+use std::sync::Arc;
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub enum NetworkProtocol {
+    Http,
+    HttpsConnect,
+    Socks5Tcp,
+    Socks5Udp,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
+pub struct NetworkPolicyRequest {
+    pub protocol: NetworkProtocol,
+    pub host: String,
+    pub port: u16,
+    pub client_addr: Option<String>,
+    pub method: Option<String>,
+    pub command: Option<String>,
+    pub exec_policy_hint: Option<String>,
+}
+
+impl NetworkPolicyRequest {
+    pub fn new(
+        protocol: NetworkProtocol,
+        host: String,
+        port: u16,
+        client_addr: Option<String>,
+        method: Option<String>,
+        command: Option<String>,
+        exec_policy_hint: Option<String>,
+    ) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            protocol,
+            host,
+            port,
+            client_addr,
+            method,
+            command,
+            exec_policy_hint,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub enum NetworkDecision {
+    Allow,
+    Deny { reason: String },
+}
+
+impl NetworkDecision {
+    pub fn deny(reason: impl Into<String>) -> Self {
+        let reason = reason.into();
+        let reason = if reason.is_empty() {
+            REASON_POLICY_DENIED.to_string()
+        } else {
+            reason
+        };
+        Self::Deny { reason }
+    }
+}
+
+/// Decide whether a network request should be allowed.
+///
+/// If `command` or `exec_policy_hint` is provided, callers can map exec-policy
+/// approvals to network access (e.g., allow all requests for commands matching
+/// approved prefixes like `curl *`).
+#[async_trait]
+pub trait NetworkPolicyDecider: Send + Sync + 'static {
+    async fn decide(&self, req: NetworkPolicyRequest) -> NetworkDecision;
+}
+
+#[async_trait]
+impl<D: NetworkPolicyDecider + ?Sized> NetworkPolicyDecider for Arc<D> {
+    async fn decide(&self, req: NetworkPolicyRequest) -> NetworkDecision {
+        (**self).decide(req).await
+    }
+}
+
+#[async_trait]
+impl<F, Fut> NetworkPolicyDecider for F
+where
+    F: Fn(NetworkPolicyRequest) -> Fut + Send + Sync + 'static,
+    Fut: Future<Output = NetworkDecision> + Send,
+{
+    async fn decide(&self, req: NetworkPolicyRequest) -> NetworkDecision {
+        (self)(req).await
+    }
+}
+
+pub(crate) async fn evaluate_host_policy(
+    state: &NetworkProxyState,
+    decider: Option<&Arc<dyn NetworkPolicyDecider>>,
+    request: &NetworkPolicyRequest,
+) -> Result<NetworkDecision> {
+    match state.host_blocked(&request.host, request.port).await? {
+        HostBlockDecision::Allowed => Ok(NetworkDecision::Allow),
+        HostBlockDecision::Blocked(HostBlockReason::NotAllowed) => {
+            if let Some(decider) = decider {
+                Ok(decider.decide(request.clone()).await)
+            } else {
+                Ok(NetworkDecision::deny(HostBlockReason::NotAllowed.as_str()))
+            }
+        }
+        HostBlockDecision::Blocked(reason) => Ok(NetworkDecision::deny(reason.as_str())),
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    use crate::config::NetworkPolicy;
+    use crate::reasons::REASON_DENIED;
+    use crate::reasons::REASON_NOT_ALLOWED_LOCAL;
+    use crate::state::network_proxy_state_for_policy;
+    use pretty_assertions::assert_eq;
+    use std::sync::Arc;
+    use std::sync::atomic::AtomicUsize;
+    use std::sync::atomic::Ordering;
+
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn evaluate_host_policy_invokes_decider_for_not_allowed() {
+        let state = network_proxy_state_for_policy(NetworkPolicy::default());
+        let calls = Arc::new(AtomicUsize::new(0));
+        let decider: Arc<dyn NetworkPolicyDecider> = Arc::new({
+            let calls = calls.clone();
+            move |_req| {
+                calls.fetch_add(1, Ordering::SeqCst);
+                // The default policy denies all; the decider is consulted for not_allowed
+                // requests and can override that decision.
+                async { NetworkDecision::Allow }
+            }
+        });
+
+        let request = NetworkPolicyRequest::new(
+            NetworkProtocol::Http,
+            "example.com".to_string(),
+            80,
+            None,
+            Some("GET".to_string()),
+            None,
+            None,
+        );
+
+        let decision = evaluate_host_policy(&state, Some(&decider), &request)
+            .await
+            .unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(decision, NetworkDecision::Allow);
+        assert_eq!(calls.load(Ordering::SeqCst), 1);
+    }
+
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn evaluate_host_policy_skips_decider_for_denied() {
+        let state = network_proxy_state_for_policy(NetworkPolicy {
+            allowed_domains: vec!["example.com".to_string()],
+            denied_domains: vec!["blocked.com".to_string()],
+            ..NetworkPolicy::default()
+        });
+        let calls = Arc::new(AtomicUsize::new(0));
+        let decider: Arc<dyn NetworkPolicyDecider> = Arc::new({
+            let calls = calls.clone();
+            move |_req| {
+                calls.fetch_add(1, Ordering::SeqCst);
+                async { NetworkDecision::Allow }
+            }
+        });
+
+        let request = NetworkPolicyRequest::new(
+            NetworkProtocol::Http,
+            "blocked.com".to_string(),
+            80,
+            None,
+            Some("GET".to_string()),
+            None,
+            None,
+        );
+
+        let decision = evaluate_host_policy(&state, Some(&decider), &request)
+            .await
+            .unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(
+            decision,
+            NetworkDecision::Deny {
+                reason: REASON_DENIED.to_string()
+            }
+        );
+        assert_eq!(calls.load(Ordering::SeqCst), 0);
+    }
+
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn evaluate_host_policy_skips_decider_for_not_allowed_local() {
+        let state = network_proxy_state_for_policy(NetworkPolicy {
+            allowed_domains: vec!["example.com".to_string()],
+            allow_local_binding: false,
+            ..NetworkPolicy::default()
+        });
+        let calls = Arc::new(AtomicUsize::new(0));
+        let decider: Arc<dyn NetworkPolicyDecider> = Arc::new({
+            let calls = calls.clone();
+            move |_req| {
+                calls.fetch_add(1, Ordering::SeqCst);
+                async { NetworkDecision::Allow }
+            }
+        });
+
+        let request = NetworkPolicyRequest::new(
+            NetworkProtocol::Http,
+            "127.0.0.1".to_string(),
+            80,
+            None,
+            Some("GET".to_string()),
+            None,
+            None,
+        );
+
+        let decision = evaluate_host_policy(&state, Some(&decider), &request)
+            .await
+            .unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(
+            decision,
+            NetworkDecision::Deny {
+                reason: REASON_NOT_ALLOWED_LOCAL.to_string()
+            }
+        );
+        assert_eq!(calls.load(Ordering::SeqCst), 0);
+    }
+}

codex-rs/network-proxy/src/policy.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,435 @@
+#[cfg(test)]
+use crate::config::NetworkMode;
+use anyhow::Context;
+use anyhow::Result;
+use anyhow::ensure;
+use globset::GlobBuilder;
+use globset::GlobSet;
+use globset::GlobSetBuilder;
+use std::collections::HashSet;
+use std::net::IpAddr;
+use std::net::Ipv4Addr;
+use std::net::Ipv6Addr;
+use url::Host as UrlHost;
+
+/// A normalized host string for policy evaluation.
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
+pub struct Host(String);
+
+impl Host {
+    pub fn parse(input: &str) -> Result<Self> {
+        let normalized = normalize_host(input);
+        ensure!(!normalized.is_empty(), "host is empty");
+        Ok(Self(normalized))
+    }
+
+    pub fn as_str(&self) -> &str {
+        &self.0
+    }
+}
+
+/// Returns true if the host is a loopback hostname or IP literal.
+pub fn is_loopback_host(host: &Host) -> bool {
+    let host = host.as_str();
+    let host = host.split_once('%').map(|(ip, _)| ip).unwrap_or(host);
+    if host == "localhost" {
+        return true;
+    }
+    if let Ok(ip) = host.parse::<IpAddr>() {
+        return ip.is_loopback();
+    }
+    false
+}
+
+pub fn is_non_public_ip(ip: IpAddr) -> bool {
+    match ip {
+        IpAddr::V4(ip) => is_non_public_ipv4(ip),
+        IpAddr::V6(ip) => is_non_public_ipv6(ip),
+    }
+}
+
+fn is_non_public_ipv4(ip: Ipv4Addr) -> bool {
+    // Use the standard library classification helpers where possible; they encode the intent more
+    // clearly than hand-rolled range checks. Some non-public ranges (e.g., CGNAT and TEST-NET
+    // blocks) are not covered by stable stdlib helpers yet, so we fall back to CIDR checks.
+    ip.is_loopback()
+        || ip.is_private()
+        || ip.is_link_local()
+        || ip.is_unspecified()
+        || ip.is_multicast()
+        || ip.is_broadcast()
+        || ipv4_in_cidr(ip, [0, 0, 0, 0], 8) // "this network" (RFC 1122)
+        || ipv4_in_cidr(ip, [100, 64, 0, 0], 10) // CGNAT (RFC 6598)
+        || ipv4_in_cidr(ip, [192, 0, 0, 0], 24) // IETF Protocol Assignments (RFC 6890)
+        || ipv4_in_cidr(ip, [192, 0, 2, 0], 24) // TEST-NET-1 (RFC 5737)
+        || ipv4_in_cidr(ip, [198, 18, 0, 0], 15) // Benchmarking (RFC 2544)
+        || ipv4_in_cidr(ip, [198, 51, 100, 0], 24) // TEST-NET-2 (RFC 5737)
+        || ipv4_in_cidr(ip, [203, 0, 113, 0], 24) // TEST-NET-3 (RFC 5737)
+        || ipv4_in_cidr(ip, [240, 0, 0, 0], 4) // Reserved (RFC 6890)
+}
+
+fn ipv4_in_cidr(ip: Ipv4Addr, base: [u8; 4], prefix: u8) -> bool {
+    let ip = u32::from(ip);
+    let base = u32::from(Ipv4Addr::from(base));
+    let mask = if prefix == 0 {
+        0
+    } else {
+        u32::MAX << (32 - prefix)
+    };
+    (ip & mask) == (base & mask)
+}
+
+fn is_non_public_ipv6(ip: Ipv6Addr) -> bool {
+    if let Some(v4) = ip.to_ipv4() {
+        return is_non_public_ipv4(v4) || ip.is_loopback();
+    }
+    // Treat anything that isn't globally routable as "local" for SSRF prevention. In particular:
+    //  - `::1` loopback
+    //  - `fc00::/7` unique-local (RFC 4193)
+    //  - `fe80::/10` link-local
+    //  - `::` unspecified
+    //  - multicast ranges
+    ip.is_loopback()
+        || ip.is_unspecified()
+        || ip.is_multicast()
+        || ip.is_unique_local()
+        || ip.is_unicast_link_local()
+}
+
+/// Normalize host fragments for policy matching (trim whitespace, strip ports/brackets, lowercase).
+pub fn normalize_host(host: &str) -> String {
+    let host = host.trim();
+    if host.starts_with('[')
+        && let Some(end) = host.find(']')
+    {
+        return normalize_dns_host(&host[1..end]);
+    }
+
+    // The proxy stack should typically hand us a host without a port, but be
+    // defensive and strip `:port` when there is exactly one `:`.
+    if host.bytes().filter(|b| *b == b':').count() == 1 {
+        let host = host.split(':').next().unwrap_or_default();
+        return normalize_dns_host(host);
+    }
+
+    // Avoid mangling unbracketed IPv6 literals, but strip trailing dots so fully qualified domain
+    // names are treated the same as their dotless variants.
+    normalize_dns_host(host)
+}
+
+fn normalize_dns_host(host: &str) -> String {
+    let host = host.to_ascii_lowercase();
+    host.trim_end_matches('.').to_string()
+}
+
+fn normalize_pattern(pattern: &str) -> String {
+    let pattern = pattern.trim();
+    if pattern == "*" {
+        return "*".to_string();
+    }
+
+    let (prefix, remainder) = if let Some(domain) = pattern.strip_prefix("**.") {
+        ("**.", domain)
+    } else if let Some(domain) = pattern.strip_prefix("*.") {
+        ("*.", domain)
+    } else {
+        ("", pattern)
+    };
+
+    let remainder = normalize_host(remainder);
+    if prefix.is_empty() {
+        remainder
+    } else {
+        format!("{prefix}{remainder}")
+    }
+}
+
+pub(crate) fn compile_globset(patterns: &[String]) -> Result<GlobSet> {
+    let mut builder = GlobSetBuilder::new();
+    let mut seen = HashSet::new();
+    for pattern in patterns {
+        let pattern = normalize_pattern(pattern);
+        // Supported domain patterns:
+        // - "example.com": match the exact host
+        // - "*.example.com": match any subdomain (not the apex)
+        // - "**.example.com": match the apex and any subdomain
+        // - "*": match any host
+        for candidate in expand_domain_pattern(&pattern) {
+            if !seen.insert(candidate.clone()) {
+                continue;
+            }
+            let glob = GlobBuilder::new(&candidate)
+                .case_insensitive(true)
+                .build()
+                .with_context(|| format!("invalid glob pattern: {candidate}"))?;
+            builder.add(glob);
+        }
+    }
+    Ok(builder.build()?)
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+pub(crate) enum DomainPattern {
+    Any,
+    ApexAndSubdomains(String),
+    SubdomainsOnly(String),
+    Exact(String),
+}
+
+impl DomainPattern {
+    /// Parse a policy pattern for constraint comparisons.
+    ///
+    /// Validation of glob syntax happens when building the globset; here we only
+    /// decode the wildcard prefixes to keep constraint checks lightweight.
+    pub(crate) fn parse(input: &str) -> Self {
+        let input = input.trim();
+        if input.is_empty() {
+            return Self::Exact(String::new());
+        }
+        if input == "*" {
+            Self::Any
+        } else if let Some(domain) = input.strip_prefix("**.") {
+            Self::parse_domain(domain, Self::ApexAndSubdomains)
+        } else if let Some(domain) = input.strip_prefix("*.") {
+            Self::parse_domain(domain, Self::SubdomainsOnly)
+        } else {
+            Self::Exact(input.to_string())
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Parse a policy pattern for constraint comparisons, validating domain parts with `url`.
+    pub(crate) fn parse_for_constraints(input: &str) -> Self {
+        let input = input.trim();
+        if input.is_empty() {
+            return Self::Exact(String::new());
+        }
+        if input == "*" {
+            return Self::Any;
+        }
+        if let Some(domain) = input.strip_prefix("**.") {
+            return Self::ApexAndSubdomains(parse_domain_for_constraints(domain));
+        }
+        if let Some(domain) = input.strip_prefix("*.") {
+            return Self::SubdomainsOnly(parse_domain_for_constraints(domain));
+        }
+        Self::Exact(parse_domain_for_constraints(input))
+    }
+
+    fn parse_domain(domain: &str, build: impl FnOnce(String) -> Self) -> Self {
+        let domain = domain.trim();
+        if domain.is_empty() {
+            return Self::Exact(String::new());
+        }
+        build(domain.to_string())
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn allows(&self, candidate: &DomainPattern) -> bool {
+        match self {
+            DomainPattern::Any => true,
+            DomainPattern::Exact(domain) => match candidate {
+                DomainPattern::Exact(candidate) => domain_eq(candidate, domain),
+                _ => false,
+            },
+            DomainPattern::SubdomainsOnly(domain) => match candidate {
+                DomainPattern::Any => false,
+                DomainPattern::Exact(candidate) => is_strict_subdomain(candidate, domain),
+                DomainPattern::SubdomainsOnly(candidate) => {
+                    is_subdomain_or_equal(candidate, domain)
+                }
+                DomainPattern::ApexAndSubdomains(candidate) => {
+                    is_strict_subdomain(candidate, domain)
+                }
+            },
+            DomainPattern::ApexAndSubdomains(domain) => match candidate {
+                DomainPattern::Any => false,
+                DomainPattern::Exact(candidate) => is_subdomain_or_equal(candidate, domain),
+                DomainPattern::SubdomainsOnly(candidate) => {
+                    is_subdomain_or_equal(candidate, domain)
+                }
+                DomainPattern::ApexAndSubdomains(candidate) => {
+                    is_subdomain_or_equal(candidate, domain)
+                }
+            },
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+fn parse_domain_for_constraints(domain: &str) -> String {
+    let domain = domain.trim().trim_end_matches('.');
+    if domain.is_empty() {
+        return String::new();
+    }
+    let host = if domain.starts_with('[') && domain.ends_with(']') {
+        &domain[1..domain.len().saturating_sub(1)]
+    } else {
+        domain
+    };
+    if host.contains('*') || host.contains('?') || host.contains('%') {
+        return domain.to_string();
+    }
+    match UrlHost::parse(host) {
+        Ok(host) => host.to_string(),
+        Err(_) => String::new(),
+    }
+}
+
+fn expand_domain_pattern(pattern: &str) -> Vec<String> {
+    match DomainPattern::parse(pattern) {
+        DomainPattern::Any => vec![pattern.to_string()],
+        DomainPattern::Exact(domain) => vec![domain],
+        DomainPattern::SubdomainsOnly(domain) => {
+            vec![format!("?*.{domain}")]
+        }
+        DomainPattern::ApexAndSubdomains(domain) => {
+            vec![domain.clone(), format!("?*.{domain}")]
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+fn normalize_domain(domain: &str) -> String {
+    domain.trim_end_matches('.').to_ascii_lowercase()
+}
+
+fn domain_eq(left: &str, right: &str) -> bool {
+    normalize_domain(left) == normalize_domain(right)
+}
+
+fn is_subdomain_or_equal(child: &str, parent: &str) -> bool {
+    let child = normalize_domain(child);
+    let parent = normalize_domain(parent);
+    if child == parent {
+        return true;
+    }
+    child.ends_with(&format!(".{parent}"))
+}
+
+fn is_strict_subdomain(child: &str, parent: &str) -> bool {
+    let child = normalize_domain(child);
+    let parent = normalize_domain(parent);
+    child != parent && child.ends_with(&format!(".{parent}"))
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    use pretty_assertions::assert_eq;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn method_allowed_full_allows_everything() {
+        assert!(NetworkMode::Full.allows_method("GET"));
+        assert!(NetworkMode::Full.allows_method("POST"));
+        assert!(NetworkMode::Full.allows_method("CONNECT"));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn method_allowed_limited_allows_only_safe_methods() {
+        assert!(NetworkMode::Limited.allows_method("GET"));
+        assert!(NetworkMode::Limited.allows_method("HEAD"));
+        assert!(NetworkMode::Limited.allows_method("OPTIONS"));
+        assert!(!NetworkMode::Limited.allows_method("POST"));
+        assert!(!NetworkMode::Limited.allows_method("CONNECT"));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn compile_globset_normalizes_trailing_dots() {
+        let set = compile_globset(&["Example.COM.".to_string()]).unwrap();
+
+        assert_eq!(true, set.is_match("example.com"));
+        assert_eq!(false, set.is_match("api.example.com"));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn compile_globset_normalizes_wildcards() {
+        let set = compile_globset(&["*.Example.COM.".to_string()]).unwrap();
+
+        assert_eq!(true, set.is_match("api.example.com"));
+        assert_eq!(false, set.is_match("example.com"));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn compile_globset_normalizes_apex_and_subdomains() {
+        let set = compile_globset(&["**.Example.COM.".to_string()]).unwrap();
+
+        assert_eq!(true, set.is_match("example.com"));
+        assert_eq!(true, set.is_match("api.example.com"));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn compile_globset_normalizes_bracketed_ipv6_literals() {
+        let set = compile_globset(&["[::1]".to_string()]).unwrap();
+
+        assert_eq!(true, set.is_match("::1"));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn is_loopback_host_handles_localhost_variants() {
+        assert!(is_loopback_host(&Host::parse("localhost").unwrap()));
+        assert!(is_loopback_host(&Host::parse("localhost.").unwrap()));
+        assert!(is_loopback_host(&Host::parse("LOCALHOST").unwrap()));
+        assert!(!is_loopback_host(&Host::parse("notlocalhost").unwrap()));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn is_loopback_host_handles_ip_literals() {
+        assert!(is_loopback_host(&Host::parse("127.0.0.1").unwrap()));
+        assert!(is_loopback_host(&Host::parse("::1").unwrap()));
+        assert!(!is_loopback_host(&Host::parse("1.2.3.4").unwrap()));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn is_non_public_ip_rejects_private_and_loopback_ranges() {
+        assert!(is_non_public_ip("127.0.0.1".parse().unwrap()));
+        assert!(is_non_public_ip("10.0.0.1".parse().unwrap()));
+        assert!(is_non_public_ip("192.168.0.1".parse().unwrap()));
+        assert!(is_non_public_ip("100.64.0.1".parse().unwrap()));
+        assert!(is_non_public_ip("192.0.0.1".parse().unwrap()));
+        assert!(is_non_public_ip("192.0.2.1".parse().unwrap()));
+        assert!(is_non_public_ip("198.18.0.1".parse().unwrap()));
+        assert!(is_non_public_ip("198.51.100.1".parse().unwrap()));
+        assert!(is_non_public_ip("203.0.113.1".parse().unwrap()));
+        assert!(is_non_public_ip("240.0.0.1".parse().unwrap()));
+        assert!(is_non_public_ip("0.1.2.3".parse().unwrap()));
+        assert!(!is_non_public_ip("8.8.8.8".parse().unwrap()));
+
+        assert!(is_non_public_ip("::ffff:127.0.0.1".parse().unwrap()));
+        assert!(is_non_public_ip("::ffff:10.0.0.1".parse().unwrap()));
+        assert!(!is_non_public_ip("::ffff:8.8.8.8".parse().unwrap()));
+
+        assert!(is_non_public_ip("::1".parse().unwrap()));
+        assert!(is_non_public_ip("fe80::1".parse().unwrap()));
+        assert!(is_non_public_ip("fc00::1".parse().unwrap()));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn normalize_host_lowercases_and_trims() {
+        assert_eq!(normalize_host("  ExAmPlE.CoM  "), "example.com");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn normalize_host_strips_port_for_host_port() {
+        assert_eq!(normalize_host("example.com:1234"), "example.com");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn normalize_host_preserves_unbracketed_ipv6() {
+        assert_eq!(normalize_host("2001:db8::1"), "2001:db8::1");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn normalize_host_strips_trailing_dot() {
+        assert_eq!(normalize_host("example.com."), "example.com");
+        assert_eq!(normalize_host("ExAmPlE.CoM."), "example.com");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn normalize_host_strips_trailing_dot_with_port() {
+        assert_eq!(normalize_host("example.com.:443"), "example.com");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn normalize_host_strips_brackets_for_ipv6() {
+        assert_eq!(normalize_host("[::1]"), "::1");
+        assert_eq!(normalize_host("[::1]:443"), "::1");
+    }
+}

codex-rs/network-proxy/src/proxy.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,176 @@
+use crate::admin;
+use crate::config;
+use crate::http_proxy;
+use crate::network_policy::NetworkPolicyDecider;
+use crate::runtime::unix_socket_permissions_supported;
+use crate::state::NetworkProxyState;
+use anyhow::Context;
+use anyhow::Result;
+use clap::Parser;
+use std::net::SocketAddr;
+use std::sync::Arc;
+use tokio::task::JoinHandle;
+use tracing::warn;
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Parser)]
+#[command(name = "codex-network-proxy", about = "Codex network sandbox proxy")]
+pub struct Args {}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Default)]
+pub struct NetworkProxyBuilder {
+    state: Option<Arc<NetworkProxyState>>,
+    http_addr: Option<SocketAddr>,
+    admin_addr: Option<SocketAddr>,
+    policy_decider: Option<Arc<dyn NetworkPolicyDecider>>,
+}
+
+impl NetworkProxyBuilder {
+    pub fn state(mut self, state: Arc<NetworkProxyState>) -> Self {
+        self.state = Some(state);
+        self
+    }
+
+    pub fn http_addr(mut self, addr: SocketAddr) -> Self {
+        self.http_addr = Some(addr);
+        self
+    }
+
+    pub fn admin_addr(mut self, addr: SocketAddr) -> Self {
+        self.admin_addr = Some(addr);
+        self
+    }
+
+    pub fn policy_decider<D>(mut self, decider: D) -> Self
+    where
+        D: NetworkPolicyDecider,
+    {
+        self.policy_decider = Some(Arc::new(decider));
+        self
+    }
+
+    pub fn policy_decider_arc(mut self, decider: Arc<dyn NetworkPolicyDecider>) -> Self {
+        self.policy_decider = Some(decider);
+        self
+    }
+
+    pub async fn build(self) -> Result<NetworkProxy> {
+        let state = match self.state {
+            Some(state) => state,
+            None => Arc::new(NetworkProxyState::new().await?),
+        };
+        let current_cfg = state.current_cfg().await?;
+        let runtime = config::resolve_runtime(&current_cfg)?;
+        // Reapply bind clamping for caller overrides so unix-socket proxying stays loopback-only.
+        let (http_addr, admin_addr) = config::clamp_bind_addrs(
+            self.http_addr.unwrap_or(runtime.http_addr),
+            self.admin_addr.unwrap_or(runtime.admin_addr),
+            &current_cfg.network_proxy,
+        );
+
+        Ok(NetworkProxy {
+            state,
+            http_addr,
+            admin_addr,
+            policy_decider: self.policy_decider,
+        })
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone)]
+pub struct NetworkProxy {
+    state: Arc<NetworkProxyState>,
+    http_addr: SocketAddr,
+    admin_addr: SocketAddr,
+    policy_decider: Option<Arc<dyn NetworkPolicyDecider>>,
+}
+
+impl NetworkProxy {
+    pub fn builder() -> NetworkProxyBuilder {
+        NetworkProxyBuilder::default()
+    }
+
+    pub async fn run(&self) -> Result<NetworkProxyHandle> {
+        let current_cfg = self.state.current_cfg().await?;
+        if !current_cfg.network_proxy.enabled {
+            warn!("network_proxy.enabled is false; skipping proxy listeners");
+            return Ok(NetworkProxyHandle::noop());
+        }
+
+        if !unix_socket_permissions_supported() {
+            warn!("allowUnixSockets is macOS-only; requests will be rejected on this platform");
+        }
+
+        let http_task = tokio::spawn(http_proxy::run_http_proxy(
+            self.state.clone(),
+            self.http_addr,
+            self.policy_decider.clone(),
+        ));
+        let admin_task = tokio::spawn(admin::run_admin_api(self.state.clone(), self.admin_addr));
+
+        Ok(NetworkProxyHandle {
+            http_task: Some(http_task),
+            admin_task: Some(admin_task),
+            completed: false,
+        })
+    }
+}
+
+pub struct NetworkProxyHandle {
+    http_task: Option<JoinHandle<Result<()>>>,
+    admin_task: Option<JoinHandle<Result<()>>>,
+    completed: bool,
+}
+
+impl NetworkProxyHandle {
+    fn noop() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            http_task: Some(tokio::spawn(async { Ok(()) })),
+            admin_task: Some(tokio::spawn(async { Ok(()) })),
+            completed: true,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub async fn wait(mut self) -> Result<()> {
+        let http_task = self.http_task.take().context("missing http proxy task")?;
+        let admin_task = self.admin_task.take().context("missing admin proxy task")?;
+        let http_result = http_task.await;
+        let admin_result = admin_task.await;
+        self.completed = true;
+        http_result??;
+        admin_result??;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    pub async fn shutdown(mut self) -> Result<()> {
+        abort_tasks(self.http_task.take(), self.admin_task.take()).await;
+        self.completed = true;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
+async fn abort_tasks(
+    http_task: Option<JoinHandle<Result<()>>>,
+    admin_task: Option<JoinHandle<Result<()>>>,
+) {
+    if let Some(http_task) = http_task {
+        http_task.abort();
+        let _ = http_task.await;
+    }
+    if let Some(admin_task) = admin_task {
+        admin_task.abort();
+        let _ = admin_task.await;
+    }
+}
+
+impl Drop for NetworkProxyHandle {
+    fn drop(&mut self) {
+        if self.completed {
+            return;
+        }
+        let http_task = self.http_task.take();
+        let admin_task = self.admin_task.take();
+        tokio::spawn(async move {
+            abort_tasks(http_task, admin_task).await;
+        });
+    }
+}

codex-rs/network-proxy/src/reasons.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+pub(crate) const REASON_DENIED: &str = "denied";
+pub(crate) const REASON_METHOD_NOT_ALLOWED: &str = "method_not_allowed";
+pub(crate) const REASON_NOT_ALLOWED: &str = "not_allowed";
+pub(crate) const REASON_NOT_ALLOWED_LOCAL: &str = "not_allowed_local";
+pub(crate) const REASON_POLICY_DENIED: &str = "policy_denied";
+pub(crate) const REASON_PROXY_DISABLED: &str = "proxy_disabled";

codex-rs/network-proxy/src/responses.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+use crate::reasons::REASON_DENIED;
+use crate::reasons::REASON_METHOD_NOT_ALLOWED;
+use crate::reasons::REASON_NOT_ALLOWED;
+use crate::reasons::REASON_NOT_ALLOWED_LOCAL;
+use rama_http::Body;
+use rama_http::Response;
+use rama_http::StatusCode;
+use serde::Serialize;
+use tracing::error;
+
+pub fn text_response(status: StatusCode, body: &str) -> Response {
+    Response::builder()
+        .status(status)
+        .header("content-type", "text/plain")
+        .body(Body::from(body.to_string()))
+        .unwrap_or_else(|_| Response::new(Body::from(body.to_string())))
+}
+
+pub fn json_response<T: Serialize>(value: &T) -> Response {
+    let body = match serde_json::to_string(value) {
+        Ok(body) => body,
+        Err(err) => {
+            error!("failed to serialize JSON response: {err}");
+            "{}".to_string()
+        }
+    };
+    Response::builder()
+        .status(StatusCode::OK)
+        .header("content-type", "application/json")
+        .body(Body::from(body))
+        .unwrap_or_else(|err| {
+            error!("failed to build JSON response: {err}");
+            Response::new(Body::from("{}"))
+        })
+}
+
+pub fn blocked_header_value(reason: &str) -> &'static str {
+    match reason {
+        REASON_NOT_ALLOWED | REASON_NOT_ALLOWED_LOCAL => "blocked-by-allowlist",
+        REASON_DENIED => "blocked-by-denylist",
+        REASON_METHOD_NOT_ALLOWED => "blocked-by-method-policy",
+        _ => "blocked-by-policy",
+    }
+}
+
+pub fn blocked_message(reason: &str) -> &'static str {
+    match reason {
+        REASON_NOT_ALLOWED => "Codex blocked this request: domain not in allowlist.",
+        REASON_NOT_ALLOWED_LOCAL => {
+            "Codex blocked this request: local/private addresses not allowed."
+        }
+        REASON_DENIED => "Codex blocked this request: domain denied by policy.",
+        REASON_METHOD_NOT_ALLOWED => {
+            "Codex blocked this request: method not allowed in limited mode."
+        }
+        _ => "Codex blocked this request by network policy.",
+    }
+}
+
+pub fn blocked_text_response(reason: &str) -> Response {
+    Response::builder()
+        .status(StatusCode::FORBIDDEN)
+        .header("content-type", "text/plain")
+        .header("x-proxy-error", blocked_header_value(reason))
+        .body(Body::from(blocked_message(reason)))
+        .unwrap_or_else(|_| Response::new(Body::from("blocked")))
+}

codex-rs/network-proxy/src/runtime.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,984 @@
+use crate::config::NetworkMode;
+use crate::config::NetworkProxyConfig;
+use crate::policy::Host;
+use crate::policy::is_loopback_host;
+use crate::policy::is_non_public_ip;
+use crate::policy::normalize_host;
+use crate::reasons::REASON_DENIED;
+use crate::reasons::REASON_NOT_ALLOWED;
+use crate::reasons::REASON_NOT_ALLOWED_LOCAL;
+use crate::state::NetworkProxyConstraints;
+use crate::state::build_config_state;
+use crate::state::validate_policy_against_constraints;
+use anyhow::Context;
+use anyhow::Result;
+use codex_utils_absolute_path::AbsolutePathBuf;
+use globset::GlobSet;
+use serde::Serialize;
+use std::collections::HashSet;
+use std::collections::VecDeque;
+use std::net::IpAddr;
+use std::path::Path;
+use std::path::PathBuf;
+use std::sync::Arc;
+use std::time::Duration;
+use std::time::SystemTime;
+use time::OffsetDateTime;
+use tokio::net::lookup_host;
+use tokio::sync::RwLock;
+use tokio::time::timeout;
+use tracing::info;
+use tracing::warn;
+
+const MAX_BLOCKED_EVENTS: usize = 200;
+const DNS_LOOKUP_TIMEOUT: Duration = Duration::from_secs(2);
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub enum HostBlockReason {
+    Denied,
+    NotAllowed,
+    NotAllowedLocal,
+}
+
+impl HostBlockReason {
+    pub const fn as_str(self) -> &'static str {
+        match self {
+            Self::Denied => REASON_DENIED,
+            Self::NotAllowed => REASON_NOT_ALLOWED,
+            Self::NotAllowedLocal => REASON_NOT_ALLOWED_LOCAL,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl std::fmt::Display for HostBlockReason {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
+        f.write_str(self.as_str())
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub enum HostBlockDecision {
+    Allowed,
+    Blocked(HostBlockReason),
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Serialize)]
+pub struct BlockedRequest {
+    pub host: String,
+    pub reason: String,
+    pub client: Option<String>,
+    pub method: Option<String>,
+    pub mode: Option<NetworkMode>,
+    pub protocol: String,
+    pub timestamp: i64,
+}
+
+impl BlockedRequest {
+    pub fn new(
+        host: String,
+        reason: String,
+        client: Option<String>,
+        method: Option<String>,
+        mode: Option<NetworkMode>,
+        protocol: String,
+    ) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            host,
+            reason,
+            client,
+            method,
+            mode,
+            protocol,
+            timestamp: unix_timestamp(),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone)]
+pub(crate) struct ConfigState {
+    pub(crate) config: NetworkProxyConfig,
+    pub(crate) allow_set: GlobSet,
+    pub(crate) deny_set: GlobSet,
+    pub(crate) constraints: NetworkProxyConstraints,
+    pub(crate) layer_mtimes: Vec<LayerMtime>,
+    pub(crate) cfg_path: PathBuf,
+    pub(crate) blocked: VecDeque<BlockedRequest>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone)]
+pub(crate) struct LayerMtime {
+    pub(crate) path: PathBuf,
+    pub(crate) mtime: Option<SystemTime>,
+}
+
+impl LayerMtime {
+    pub(crate) fn new(path: PathBuf) -> Self {
+        let mtime = path.metadata().and_then(|m| m.modified()).ok();
+        Self { path, mtime }
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone)]
+pub struct NetworkProxyState {
+    state: Arc<RwLock<ConfigState>>,
+}
+
+impl std::fmt::Debug for NetworkProxyState {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
+        // Avoid logging internal state (config contents, derived globsets, etc.) which can be noisy
+        // and may contain sensitive paths.
+        f.debug_struct("NetworkProxyState").finish_non_exhaustive()
+    }
+}
+
+impl NetworkProxyState {
+    pub async fn new() -> Result<Self> {
+        let cfg_state = build_config_state().await?;
+        Ok(Self {
+            state: Arc::new(RwLock::new(cfg_state)),
+        })
+    }
+
+    pub async fn current_cfg(&self) -> Result<NetworkProxyConfig> {
+        // Callers treat `NetworkProxyState` as a live view of policy. We reload-on-demand so edits to
+        // `config.toml` (including Codex-managed writes) take effect without a restart.
+        self.reload_if_needed().await?;
+        let guard = self.state.read().await;
+        Ok(guard.config.clone())
+    }
+
+    pub async fn current_patterns(&self) -> Result<(Vec<String>, Vec<String>)> {
+        self.reload_if_needed().await?;
+        let guard = self.state.read().await;
+        Ok((
+            guard.config.network_proxy.policy.allowed_domains.clone(),
+            guard.config.network_proxy.policy.denied_domains.clone(),
+        ))
+    }
+
+    pub async fn enabled(&self) -> Result<bool> {
+        self.reload_if_needed().await?;
+        let guard = self.state.read().await;
+        Ok(guard.config.network_proxy.enabled)
+    }
+
+    pub async fn force_reload(&self) -> Result<()> {
+        let (previous_cfg, cfg_path) = {
+            let guard = self.state.read().await;
+            (guard.config.clone(), guard.cfg_path.clone())
+        };
+
+        match build_config_state().await {
+            Ok(mut new_state) => {
+                // Policy changes are operationally sensitive; logging diffs makes changes traceable
+                // without needing to dump full config blobs (which can include unrelated settings).
+                log_policy_changes(&previous_cfg, &new_state.config);
+                let mut guard = self.state.write().await;
+                new_state.blocked = guard.blocked.clone();
+                *guard = new_state;
+                let path = guard.cfg_path.display();
+                info!("reloaded config from {path}");
+                Ok(())
+            }
+            Err(err) => {
+                let path = cfg_path.display();
+                warn!("failed to reload config from {path}: {err}; keeping previous config");
+                Err(err)
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub async fn host_blocked(&self, host: &str, port: u16) -> Result<HostBlockDecision> {
+        self.reload_if_needed().await?;
+        let host = match Host::parse(host) {
+            Ok(host) => host,
+            Err(_) => return Ok(HostBlockDecision::Blocked(HostBlockReason::NotAllowed)),
+        };
+        let (deny_set, allow_set, allow_local_binding, allowed_domains_empty, allowed_domains) = {
+            let guard = self.state.read().await;
+            (
+                guard.deny_set.clone(),
+                guard.allow_set.clone(),
+                guard.config.network_proxy.policy.allow_local_binding,
+                guard.config.network_proxy.policy.allowed_domains.is_empty(),
+                guard.config.network_proxy.policy.allowed_domains.clone(),
+            )
+        };
+
+        let host_str = host.as_str();
+
+        // Decision order matters:
+        //  1) explicit deny always wins
+        //  2) local/private networking is opt-in (defense-in-depth)
+        //  3) allowlist is enforced when configured
+        if deny_set.is_match(host_str) {
+            return Ok(HostBlockDecision::Blocked(HostBlockReason::Denied));
+        }
+
+        let is_allowlisted = allow_set.is_match(host_str);
+        if !allow_local_binding {
+            // If the intent is "prevent access to local/internal networks", we must not rely solely
+            // on string checks like `localhost` / `127.0.0.1`. Attackers can use DNS rebinding or
+            // public suffix services that map hostnames onto private IPs.
+            //
+            // We therefore do a best-effort DNS + IP classification check before allowing the
+            // request. Explicit local/loopback literals are allowed only when explicitly
+            // allowlisted; hostnames that resolve to local/private IPs are blocked even if
+            // allowlisted.
+            let local_literal = {
+                let host_no_scope = host_str
+                    .split_once('%')
+                    .map(|(ip, _)| ip)
+                    .unwrap_or(host_str);
+                if is_loopback_host(&host) {
+                    true
+                } else if let Ok(ip) = host_no_scope.parse::<IpAddr>() {
+                    is_non_public_ip(ip)
+                } else {
+                    false
+                }
+            };
+
+            if local_literal {
+                if !is_explicit_local_allowlisted(&allowed_domains, &host) {
+                    return Ok(HostBlockDecision::Blocked(HostBlockReason::NotAllowedLocal));
+                }
+            } else if host_resolves_to_non_public_ip(host_str, port).await {
+                return Ok(HostBlockDecision::Blocked(HostBlockReason::NotAllowedLocal));
+            }
+        }
+
+        if allowed_domains_empty || !is_allowlisted {
+            Ok(HostBlockDecision::Blocked(HostBlockReason::NotAllowed))
+        } else {
+            Ok(HostBlockDecision::Allowed)
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub async fn record_blocked(&self, entry: BlockedRequest) -> Result<()> {
+        self.reload_if_needed().await?;
+        let mut guard = self.state.write().await;
+        guard.blocked.push_back(entry);
+        while guard.blocked.len() > MAX_BLOCKED_EVENTS {
+            guard.blocked.pop_front();
+        }
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    /// Drain and return the buffered blocked-request entries in FIFO order.
+    pub async fn drain_blocked(&self) -> Result<Vec<BlockedRequest>> {
+        self.reload_if_needed().await?;
+        let blocked = {
+            let mut guard = self.state.write().await;
+            std::mem::take(&mut guard.blocked)
+        };
+        Ok(blocked.into_iter().collect())
+    }
+
+    pub async fn is_unix_socket_allowed(&self, path: &str) -> Result<bool> {
+        self.reload_if_needed().await?;
+        if !unix_socket_permissions_supported() {
+            return Ok(false);
+        }
+
+        // We only support absolute unix socket paths (a relative path would be ambiguous with
+        // respect to the proxy process's CWD and can lead to confusing allowlist behavior).
+        let requested_path = Path::new(path);
+        if !requested_path.is_absolute() {
+            return Ok(false);
+        }
+
+        let guard = self.state.read().await;
+        // Normalize the path while keeping the absolute-path requirement explicit.
+        let requested_abs = match AbsolutePathBuf::from_absolute_path(requested_path) {
+            Ok(path) => path,
+            Err(_) => return Ok(false),
+        };
+        let requested_canonical = std::fs::canonicalize(requested_abs.as_path()).ok();
+        for allowed in &guard.config.network_proxy.policy.allow_unix_sockets {
+            if allowed == path {
+                return Ok(true);
+            }
+
+            // Best-effort canonicalization to reduce surprises with symlinks.
+            // If canonicalization fails (e.g., socket not created yet), fall back to raw comparison.
+            let Some(requested_canonical) = &requested_canonical else {
+                continue;
+            };
+            if let Ok(allowed_canonical) = std::fs::canonicalize(allowed)
+                && &allowed_canonical == requested_canonical
+            {
+                return Ok(true);
+            }
+        }
+        Ok(false)
+    }
+
+    pub async fn method_allowed(&self, method: &str) -> Result<bool> {
+        self.reload_if_needed().await?;
+        let guard = self.state.read().await;
+        Ok(guard.config.network_proxy.mode.allows_method(method))
+    }
+
+    pub async fn allow_upstream_proxy(&self) -> Result<bool> {
+        self.reload_if_needed().await?;
+        let guard = self.state.read().await;
+        Ok(guard.config.network_proxy.allow_upstream_proxy)
+    }
+
+    pub async fn network_mode(&self) -> Result<NetworkMode> {
+        self.reload_if_needed().await?;
+        let guard = self.state.read().await;
+        Ok(guard.config.network_proxy.mode)
+    }
+
+    pub async fn set_network_mode(&self, mode: NetworkMode) -> Result<()> {
+        loop {
+            self.reload_if_needed().await?;
+            let (candidate, constraints) = {
+                let guard = self.state.read().await;
+                let mut candidate = guard.config.clone();
+                candidate.network_proxy.mode = mode;
+                (candidate, guard.constraints.clone())
+            };
+
+            validate_policy_against_constraints(&candidate, &constraints)
+                .context("network_proxy.mode constrained by managed config")?;
+
+            let mut guard = self.state.write().await;
+            if guard.constraints != constraints {
+                drop(guard);
+                continue;
+            }
+            guard.config.network_proxy.mode = mode;
+            info!("updated network mode to {mode:?}");
+            return Ok(());
+        }
+    }
+
+    async fn reload_if_needed(&self) -> Result<()> {
+        let needs_reload = {
+            let guard = self.state.read().await;
+            guard.layer_mtimes.iter().any(|layer| {
+                let metadata = std::fs::metadata(&layer.path).ok();
+                match (metadata.and_then(|m| m.modified().ok()), layer.mtime) {
+                    (Some(new_mtime), Some(old_mtime)) => new_mtime > old_mtime,
+                    (Some(_), None) => true,
+                    (None, Some(_)) => true,
+                    (None, None) => false,
+                }
+            })
+        };
+
+        if !needs_reload {
+            return Ok(());
+        }
+
+        self.force_reload().await
+    }
+}
+
+pub(crate) fn unix_socket_permissions_supported() -> bool {
+    cfg!(target_os = "macos")
+}
+
+async fn host_resolves_to_non_public_ip(host: &str, port: u16) -> bool {
+    if let Ok(ip) = host.parse::<IpAddr>() {
+        return is_non_public_ip(ip);
+    }
+
+    // If DNS lookup fails, default to "not local/private" rather than blocking. In practice, the
+    // subsequent connect attempt will fail anyway, and blocking on transient resolver issues would
+    // make the proxy fragile. The allowlist/denylist remains the primary control plane.
+    let addrs = match timeout(DNS_LOOKUP_TIMEOUT, lookup_host((host, port))).await {
+        Ok(Ok(addrs)) => addrs,
+        Ok(Err(_)) | Err(_) => return false,
+    };
+
+    for addr in addrs {
+        if is_non_public_ip(addr.ip()) {
+            return true;
+        }
+    }
+
+    false
+}
+
+fn log_policy_changes(previous: &NetworkProxyConfig, next: &NetworkProxyConfig) {
+    log_domain_list_changes(
+        "allowlist",
+        &previous.network_proxy.policy.allowed_domains,
+        &next.network_proxy.policy.allowed_domains,
+    );
+    log_domain_list_changes(
+        "denylist",
+        &previous.network_proxy.policy.denied_domains,
+        &next.network_proxy.policy.denied_domains,
+    );
+}
+
+fn log_domain_list_changes(list_name: &str, previous: &[String], next: &[String]) {
+    let previous_set: HashSet<String> = previous
+        .iter()
+        .map(|entry| entry.to_ascii_lowercase())
+        .collect();
+    let next_set: HashSet<String> = next
+        .iter()
+        .map(|entry| entry.to_ascii_lowercase())
+        .collect();
+
+    let added = next_set
+        .difference(&previous_set)
+        .cloned()
+        .collect::<HashSet<_>>();
+    let removed = previous_set
+        .difference(&next_set)
+        .cloned()
+        .collect::<HashSet<_>>();
+
+    let mut seen_next = HashSet::new();
+    for entry in next {
+        let key = entry.to_ascii_lowercase();
+        if seen_next.insert(key.clone()) && added.contains(&key) {
+            info!("config entry added to {list_name}: {entry}");
+        }
+    }
+
+    let mut seen_previous = HashSet::new();
+    for entry in previous {
+        let key = entry.to_ascii_lowercase();
+        if seen_previous.insert(key.clone()) && removed.contains(&key) {
+            info!("config entry removed from {list_name}: {entry}");
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+fn is_explicit_local_allowlisted(allowed_domains: &[String], host: &Host) -> bool {
+    let normalized_host = host.as_str();
+    allowed_domains.iter().any(|pattern| {
+        let pattern = pattern.trim();
+        if pattern == "*" || pattern.starts_with("*.") || pattern.starts_with("**.") {
+            return false;
+        }
+        if pattern.contains('*') || pattern.contains('?') {
+            return false;
+        }
+        normalize_host(pattern) == normalized_host
+    })
+}
+
+fn unix_timestamp() -> i64 {
+    OffsetDateTime::now_utc().unix_timestamp()
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+pub(crate) fn network_proxy_state_for_policy(
+    policy: crate::config::NetworkPolicy,
+) -> NetworkProxyState {
+    let config = NetworkProxyConfig {
+        network_proxy: crate::config::NetworkProxySettings {
+            enabled: true,
+            mode: NetworkMode::Full,
+            policy,
+            ..crate::config::NetworkProxySettings::default()
+        },
+    };
+
+    let allow_set =
+        crate::policy::compile_globset(&config.network_proxy.policy.allowed_domains).unwrap();
+    let deny_set =
+        crate::policy::compile_globset(&config.network_proxy.policy.denied_domains).unwrap();
+
+    let state = ConfigState {
+        config,
+        allow_set,
+        deny_set,
+        constraints: NetworkProxyConstraints::default(),
+        layer_mtimes: Vec::new(),
+        cfg_path: PathBuf::from("/nonexistent/config.toml"),
+        blocked: VecDeque::new(),
+    };
+
+    NetworkProxyState {
+        state: Arc::new(RwLock::new(state)),
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    use crate::config::NetworkPolicy;
+    use crate::config::NetworkProxyConfig;
+    use crate::config::NetworkProxySettings;
+    use crate::policy::compile_globset;
+    use crate::state::NetworkProxyConstraints;
+    use crate::state::validate_policy_against_constraints;
+    use pretty_assertions::assert_eq;
+
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn host_blocked_denied_wins_over_allowed() {
+        let state = network_proxy_state_for_policy(NetworkPolicy {
+            allowed_domains: vec!["example.com".to_string()],
+            denied_domains: vec!["example.com".to_string()],
+            ..NetworkPolicy::default()
+        });
+
+        assert_eq!(
+            state.host_blocked("example.com", 80).await.unwrap(),
+            HostBlockDecision::Blocked(HostBlockReason::Denied)
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn host_blocked_requires_allowlist_match() {
+        let state = network_proxy_state_for_policy(NetworkPolicy {
+            allowed_domains: vec!["example.com".to_string()],
+            ..NetworkPolicy::default()
+        });
+
+        assert_eq!(
+            state.host_blocked("example.com", 80).await.unwrap(),
+            HostBlockDecision::Allowed
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            // Use a public IP literal to avoid relying on ambient DNS behavior (some networks
+            // resolve unknown hostnames to private IPs, which would trigger `not_allowed_local`).
+            state.host_blocked("8.8.8.8", 80).await.unwrap(),
+            HostBlockDecision::Blocked(HostBlockReason::NotAllowed)
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn host_blocked_subdomain_wildcards_exclude_apex() {
+        let state = network_proxy_state_for_policy(NetworkPolicy {
+            allowed_domains: vec!["*.openai.com".to_string()],
+            ..NetworkPolicy::default()
+        });
+
+        assert_eq!(
+            state.host_blocked("api.openai.com", 80).await.unwrap(),
+            HostBlockDecision::Allowed
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            state.host_blocked("openai.com", 80).await.unwrap(),
+            HostBlockDecision::Blocked(HostBlockReason::NotAllowed)
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn host_blocked_rejects_loopback_when_local_binding_disabled() {
+        let state = network_proxy_state_for_policy(NetworkPolicy {
+            allowed_domains: vec!["example.com".to_string()],
+            allow_local_binding: false,
+            ..NetworkPolicy::default()
+        });
+
+        assert_eq!(
+            state.host_blocked("127.0.0.1", 80).await.unwrap(),
+            HostBlockDecision::Blocked(HostBlockReason::NotAllowedLocal)
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            state.host_blocked("localhost", 80).await.unwrap(),
+            HostBlockDecision::Blocked(HostBlockReason::NotAllowedLocal)
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn host_blocked_rejects_loopback_when_allowlist_is_wildcard() {
+        let state = network_proxy_state_for_policy(NetworkPolicy {
+            allowed_domains: vec!["*".to_string()],
+            allow_local_binding: false,
+            ..NetworkPolicy::default()
+        });
+
+        assert_eq!(
+            state.host_blocked("127.0.0.1", 80).await.unwrap(),
+            HostBlockDecision::Blocked(HostBlockReason::NotAllowedLocal)
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn host_blocked_rejects_private_ip_literal_when_allowlist_is_wildcard() {
+        let state = network_proxy_state_for_policy(NetworkPolicy {
+            allowed_domains: vec!["*".to_string()],
+            allow_local_binding: false,
+            ..NetworkPolicy::default()
+        });
+
+        assert_eq!(
+            state.host_blocked("10.0.0.1", 80).await.unwrap(),
+            HostBlockDecision::Blocked(HostBlockReason::NotAllowedLocal)
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn host_blocked_allows_loopback_when_explicitly_allowlisted_and_local_binding_disabled() {
+        let state = network_proxy_state_for_policy(NetworkPolicy {
+            allowed_domains: vec!["localhost".to_string()],
+            allow_local_binding: false,
+            ..NetworkPolicy::default()
+        });
+
+        assert_eq!(
+            state.host_blocked("localhost", 80).await.unwrap(),
+            HostBlockDecision::Allowed
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn host_blocked_allows_private_ip_literal_when_explicitly_allowlisted() {
+        let state = network_proxy_state_for_policy(NetworkPolicy {
+            allowed_domains: vec!["10.0.0.1".to_string()],
+            allow_local_binding: false,
+            ..NetworkPolicy::default()
+        });
+
+        assert_eq!(
+            state.host_blocked("10.0.0.1", 80).await.unwrap(),
+            HostBlockDecision::Allowed
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn host_blocked_rejects_scoped_ipv6_literal_when_not_allowlisted() {
+        let state = network_proxy_state_for_policy(NetworkPolicy {
+            allowed_domains: vec!["example.com".to_string()],
+            allow_local_binding: false,
+            ..NetworkPolicy::default()
+        });
+
+        assert_eq!(
+            state.host_blocked("fe80::1%lo0", 80).await.unwrap(),
+            HostBlockDecision::Blocked(HostBlockReason::NotAllowedLocal)
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn host_blocked_allows_scoped_ipv6_literal_when_explicitly_allowlisted() {
+        let state = network_proxy_state_for_policy(NetworkPolicy {
+            allowed_domains: vec!["fe80::1%lo0".to_string()],
+            allow_local_binding: false,
+            ..NetworkPolicy::default()
+        });
+
+        assert_eq!(
+            state.host_blocked("fe80::1%lo0", 80).await.unwrap(),
+            HostBlockDecision::Allowed
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn host_blocked_rejects_private_ip_literals_when_local_binding_disabled() {
+        let state = network_proxy_state_for_policy(NetworkPolicy {
+            allowed_domains: vec!["example.com".to_string()],
+            allow_local_binding: false,
+            ..NetworkPolicy::default()
+        });
+
+        assert_eq!(
+            state.host_blocked("10.0.0.1", 80).await.unwrap(),
+            HostBlockDecision::Blocked(HostBlockReason::NotAllowedLocal)
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn host_blocked_rejects_loopback_when_allowlist_empty() {
+        let state = network_proxy_state_for_policy(NetworkPolicy {
+            allowed_domains: vec![],
+            allow_local_binding: false,
+            ..NetworkPolicy::default()
+        });
+
+        assert_eq!(
+            state.host_blocked("127.0.0.1", 80).await.unwrap(),
+            HostBlockDecision::Blocked(HostBlockReason::NotAllowedLocal)
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn validate_policy_against_constraints_disallows_widening_allowed_domains() {
+        let constraints = NetworkProxyConstraints {
+            allowed_domains: Some(vec!["example.com".to_string()]),
+            ..NetworkProxyConstraints::default()
+        };
+
+        let config = NetworkProxyConfig {
+            network_proxy: NetworkProxySettings {
+                enabled: true,
+                policy: NetworkPolicy {
+                    allowed_domains: vec!["example.com".to_string(), "evil.com".to_string()],
+                    ..NetworkPolicy::default()
+                },
+                ..NetworkProxySettings::default()
+            },
+        };
+
+        assert!(validate_policy_against_constraints(&config, &constraints).is_err());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn validate_policy_against_constraints_disallows_widening_mode() {
+        let constraints = NetworkProxyConstraints {
+            mode: Some(NetworkMode::Limited),
+            ..NetworkProxyConstraints::default()
+        };
+
+        let config = NetworkProxyConfig {
+            network_proxy: NetworkProxySettings {
+                enabled: true,
+                mode: NetworkMode::Full,
+                ..NetworkProxySettings::default()
+            },
+        };
+
+        assert!(validate_policy_against_constraints(&config, &constraints).is_err());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn validate_policy_against_constraints_allows_narrowing_wildcard_allowlist() {
+        let constraints = NetworkProxyConstraints {
+            allowed_domains: Some(vec!["*.example.com".to_string()]),
+            ..NetworkProxyConstraints::default()
+        };
+
+        let config = NetworkProxyConfig {
+            network_proxy: NetworkProxySettings {
+                enabled: true,
+                policy: NetworkPolicy {
+                    allowed_domains: vec!["api.example.com".to_string()],
+                    ..NetworkPolicy::default()
+                },
+                ..NetworkProxySettings::default()
+            },
+        };
+
+        assert!(validate_policy_against_constraints(&config, &constraints).is_ok());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn validate_policy_against_constraints_rejects_widening_wildcard_allowlist() {
+        let constraints = NetworkProxyConstraints {
+            allowed_domains: Some(vec!["*.example.com".to_string()]),
+            ..NetworkProxyConstraints::default()
+        };
+
+        let config = NetworkProxyConfig {
+            network_proxy: NetworkProxySettings {
+                enabled: true,
+                policy: NetworkPolicy {
+                    allowed_domains: vec!["**.example.com".to_string()],
+                    ..NetworkPolicy::default()
+                },
+                ..NetworkProxySettings::default()
+            },
+        };
+
+        assert!(validate_policy_against_constraints(&config, &constraints).is_err());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn validate_policy_against_constraints_requires_managed_denied_domains_entries() {
+        let constraints = NetworkProxyConstraints {
+            denied_domains: Some(vec!["evil.com".to_string()]),
+            ..NetworkProxyConstraints::default()
+        };
+
+        let config = NetworkProxyConfig {
+            network_proxy: NetworkProxySettings {
+                enabled: true,
+                policy: NetworkPolicy {
+                    denied_domains: vec![],
+                    ..NetworkPolicy::default()
+                },
+                ..NetworkProxySettings::default()
+            },
+        };
+
+        assert!(validate_policy_against_constraints(&config, &constraints).is_err());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn validate_policy_against_constraints_disallows_enabling_when_managed_disabled() {
+        let constraints = NetworkProxyConstraints {
+            enabled: Some(false),
+            ..NetworkProxyConstraints::default()
+        };
+
+        let config = NetworkProxyConfig {
+            network_proxy: NetworkProxySettings {
+                enabled: true,
+                ..NetworkProxySettings::default()
+            },
+        };
+
+        assert!(validate_policy_against_constraints(&config, &constraints).is_err());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn validate_policy_against_constraints_disallows_allow_local_binding_when_managed_disabled() {
+        let constraints = NetworkProxyConstraints {
+            allow_local_binding: Some(false),
+            ..NetworkProxyConstraints::default()
+        };
+
+        let config = NetworkProxyConfig {
+            network_proxy: NetworkProxySettings {
+                enabled: true,
+                policy: NetworkPolicy {
+                    allow_local_binding: true,
+                    ..NetworkPolicy::default()
+                },
+                ..NetworkProxySettings::default()
+            },
+        };
+
+        assert!(validate_policy_against_constraints(&config, &constraints).is_err());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn validate_policy_against_constraints_disallows_non_loopback_admin_without_managed_opt_in() {
+        let constraints = NetworkProxyConstraints {
+            dangerously_allow_non_loopback_admin: Some(false),
+            ..NetworkProxyConstraints::default()
+        };
+
+        let config = NetworkProxyConfig {
+            network_proxy: NetworkProxySettings {
+                enabled: true,
+                dangerously_allow_non_loopback_admin: true,
+                ..NetworkProxySettings::default()
+            },
+        };
+
+        assert!(validate_policy_against_constraints(&config, &constraints).is_err());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn validate_policy_against_constraints_allows_non_loopback_admin_with_managed_opt_in() {
+        let constraints = NetworkProxyConstraints {
+            dangerously_allow_non_loopback_admin: Some(true),
+            ..NetworkProxyConstraints::default()
+        };
+
+        let config = NetworkProxyConfig {
+            network_proxy: NetworkProxySettings {
+                enabled: true,
+                dangerously_allow_non_loopback_admin: true,
+                ..NetworkProxySettings::default()
+            },
+        };
+
+        assert!(validate_policy_against_constraints(&config, &constraints).is_ok());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn compile_globset_is_case_insensitive() {
+        let patterns = vec!["ExAmPle.CoM".to_string()];
+        let set = compile_globset(&patterns).unwrap();
+        assert!(set.is_match("example.com"));
+        assert!(set.is_match("EXAMPLE.COM"));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn compile_globset_excludes_apex_for_subdomain_patterns() {
+        let patterns = vec!["*.openai.com".to_string()];
+        let set = compile_globset(&patterns).unwrap();
+        assert!(set.is_match("api.openai.com"));
+        assert!(!set.is_match("openai.com"));
+        assert!(!set.is_match("evilopenai.com"));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn compile_globset_includes_apex_for_double_wildcard_patterns() {
+        let patterns = vec!["**.openai.com".to_string()];
+        let set = compile_globset(&patterns).unwrap();
+        assert!(set.is_match("openai.com"));
+        assert!(set.is_match("api.openai.com"));
+        assert!(!set.is_match("evilopenai.com"));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn compile_globset_matches_all_with_star() {
+        let patterns = vec!["*".to_string()];
+        let set = compile_globset(&patterns).unwrap();
+        assert!(set.is_match("openai.com"));
+        assert!(set.is_match("api.openai.com"));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn compile_globset_dedupes_patterns_without_changing_behavior() {
+        let patterns = vec!["example.com".to_string(), "example.com".to_string()];
+        let set = compile_globset(&patterns).unwrap();
+        assert!(set.is_match("example.com"));
+        assert!(set.is_match("EXAMPLE.COM"));
+        assert!(!set.is_match("not-example.com"));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn compile_globset_rejects_invalid_patterns() {
+        let patterns = vec!["[".to_string()];
+        assert!(compile_globset(&patterns).is_err());
+    }
+
+    #[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn unix_socket_allowlist_is_respected_on_macos() {
+        let socket_path = "/tmp/example.sock".to_string();
+        let state = network_proxy_state_for_policy(NetworkPolicy {
+            allowed_domains: vec!["example.com".to_string()],
+            allow_unix_sockets: vec![socket_path.clone()],
+            ..NetworkPolicy::default()
+        });
+
+        assert!(state.is_unix_socket_allowed(&socket_path).await.unwrap());
+        assert!(
+            !state
+                .is_unix_socket_allowed("/tmp/not-allowed.sock")
+                .await
+                .unwrap()
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn unix_socket_allowlist_resolves_symlinks() {
+        use std::os::unix::fs::symlink;
+        use tempfile::tempdir;
+
+        let temp_dir = tempdir().unwrap();
+        let dir = temp_dir.path();
+
+        let real = dir.join("real.sock");
+        let link = dir.join("link.sock");
+
+        // The allowlist mechanism is path-based; for test purposes we don't need an actual unix
+        // domain socket. Any filesystem entry works for canonicalization.
+        std::fs::write(&real, b"not a socket").unwrap();
+        symlink(&real, &link).unwrap();
+
+        let real_s = real.to_str().unwrap().to_string();
+        let link_s = link.to_str().unwrap().to_string();
+
+        let state = network_proxy_state_for_policy(NetworkPolicy {
+            allowed_domains: vec!["example.com".to_string()],
+            allow_unix_sockets: vec![real_s],
+            ..NetworkPolicy::default()
+        });
+
+        assert!(state.is_unix_socket_allowed(&link_s).await.unwrap());
+    }
+
+    #[cfg(not(target_os = "macos"))]
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn unix_socket_allowlist_is_rejected_on_non_macos() {
+        let socket_path = "/tmp/example.sock".to_string();
+        let state = network_proxy_state_for_policy(NetworkPolicy {
+            allowed_domains: vec!["example.com".to_string()],
+            allow_unix_sockets: vec![socket_path.clone()],
+            ..NetworkPolicy::default()
+        });
+
+        assert!(!state.is_unix_socket_allowed(&socket_path).await.unwrap());
+    }
+}

codex-rs/network-proxy/src/state.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,419 @@
+use crate::config::NetworkMode;
+use crate::config::NetworkProxyConfig;
+use crate::policy::DomainPattern;
+use crate::policy::compile_globset;
+use crate::runtime::ConfigState;
+use crate::runtime::LayerMtime;
+use anyhow::Context;
+use anyhow::Result;
+use codex_app_server_protocol::ConfigLayerSource;
+use codex_core::config::CONFIG_TOML_FILE;
+use codex_core::config::Constrained;
+use codex_core::config::ConstraintError;
+use codex_core::config::find_codex_home;
+use codex_core::config_loader::ConfigLayerStack;
+use codex_core::config_loader::ConfigLayerStackOrdering;
+use codex_core::config_loader::LoaderOverrides;
+use codex_core::config_loader::RequirementSource;
+use codex_core::config_loader::load_config_layers_state;
+use serde::Deserialize;
+use std::collections::HashSet;
+
+pub use crate::runtime::BlockedRequest;
+pub use crate::runtime::NetworkProxyState;
+#[cfg(test)]
+pub(crate) use crate::runtime::network_proxy_state_for_policy;
+
+pub(crate) async fn build_config_state() -> Result<ConfigState> {
+    // Load config through `codex-core` so we inherit the same layer ordering and semantics as the
+    // rest of Codex (system/managed layers, user layers, session flags, etc.).
+    let codex_home = find_codex_home().context("failed to resolve CODEX_HOME")?;
+    let cli_overrides = Vec::new();
+    let overrides = LoaderOverrides::default();
+    let config_layer_stack = load_config_layers_state(&codex_home, None, &cli_overrides, overrides)
+        .await
+        .context("failed to load Codex config")?;
+
+    let cfg_path = codex_home.join(CONFIG_TOML_FILE);
+
+    // Deserialize from the merged effective config, rather than parsing config.toml ourselves.
+    // This avoids a second parser/merger implementation (and the drift that comes with it).
+    let merged_toml = config_layer_stack.effective_config();
+    let config: NetworkProxyConfig = merged_toml
+        .try_into()
+        .context("failed to deserialize network proxy config")?;
+
+    // Security boundary: user-controlled layers must not be able to widen restrictions set by
+    // trusted/managed layers (e.g., MDM). Enforce this before building runtime state.
+    let constraints = enforce_trusted_constraints(&config_layer_stack, &config)?;
+
+    let layer_mtimes = collect_layer_mtimes(&config_layer_stack);
+    let deny_set = compile_globset(&config.network_proxy.policy.denied_domains)?;
+    let allow_set = compile_globset(&config.network_proxy.policy.allowed_domains)?;
+    Ok(ConfigState {
+        config,
+        allow_set,
+        deny_set,
+        constraints,
+        layer_mtimes,
+        cfg_path,
+        blocked: std::collections::VecDeque::new(),
+    })
+}
+
+fn collect_layer_mtimes(stack: &ConfigLayerStack) -> Vec<LayerMtime> {
+    stack
+        .get_layers(ConfigLayerStackOrdering::LowestPrecedenceFirst, false)
+        .iter()
+        .filter_map(|layer| {
+            let path = match &layer.name {
+                ConfigLayerSource::System { file } => Some(file.as_path().to_path_buf()),
+                ConfigLayerSource::User { file } => Some(file.as_path().to_path_buf()),
+                ConfigLayerSource::Project { dot_codex_folder } => dot_codex_folder
+                    .join(CONFIG_TOML_FILE)
+                    .ok()
+                    .map(|p| p.as_path().to_path_buf()),
+                ConfigLayerSource::LegacyManagedConfigTomlFromFile { file } => {
+                    Some(file.as_path().to_path_buf())
+                }
+                _ => None,
+            };
+            path.map(LayerMtime::new)
+        })
+        .collect()
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Default, Deserialize)]
+struct PartialConfig {
+    #[serde(default)]
+    network_proxy: PartialNetworkProxyConfig,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Default, Deserialize)]
+struct PartialNetworkProxyConfig {
+    enabled: Option<bool>,
+    mode: Option<NetworkMode>,
+    allow_upstream_proxy: Option<bool>,
+    dangerously_allow_non_loopback_proxy: Option<bool>,
+    dangerously_allow_non_loopback_admin: Option<bool>,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    policy: PartialNetworkPolicy,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Default, Deserialize)]
+struct PartialNetworkPolicy {
+    #[serde(default)]
+    allowed_domains: Option<Vec<String>>,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    denied_domains: Option<Vec<String>>,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    allow_unix_sockets: Option<Vec<String>>,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    allow_local_binding: Option<bool>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Default, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub(crate) struct NetworkProxyConstraints {
+    pub(crate) enabled: Option<bool>,
+    pub(crate) mode: Option<NetworkMode>,
+    pub(crate) allow_upstream_proxy: Option<bool>,
+    pub(crate) dangerously_allow_non_loopback_proxy: Option<bool>,
+    pub(crate) dangerously_allow_non_loopback_admin: Option<bool>,
+    pub(crate) allowed_domains: Option<Vec<String>>,
+    pub(crate) denied_domains: Option<Vec<String>>,
+    pub(crate) allow_unix_sockets: Option<Vec<String>>,
+    pub(crate) allow_local_binding: Option<bool>,
+}
+
+fn enforce_trusted_constraints(
+    layers: &codex_core::config_loader::ConfigLayerStack,
+    config: &NetworkProxyConfig,
+) -> Result<NetworkProxyConstraints> {
+    let constraints = network_proxy_constraints_from_trusted_layers(layers)?;
+    validate_policy_against_constraints(config, &constraints)
+        .context("network proxy constraints")?;
+    Ok(constraints)
+}
+
+fn network_proxy_constraints_from_trusted_layers(
+    layers: &codex_core::config_loader::ConfigLayerStack,
+) -> Result<NetworkProxyConstraints> {
+    let mut constraints = NetworkProxyConstraints::default();
+    for layer in layers.get_layers(
+        codex_core::config_loader::ConfigLayerStackOrdering::LowestPrecedenceFirst,
+        false,
+    ) {
+        // Only trusted layers contribute constraints. User-controlled layers can narrow policy but
+        // must never widen beyond what managed config allows.
+        if is_user_controlled_layer(&layer.name) {
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        let partial: PartialConfig = layer
+            .config
+            .clone()
+            .try_into()
+            .context("failed to deserialize trusted config layer")?;
+
+        if let Some(enabled) = partial.network_proxy.enabled {
+            constraints.enabled = Some(enabled);
+        }
+        if let Some(mode) = partial.network_proxy.mode {
+            constraints.mode = Some(mode);
+        }
+        if let Some(allow_upstream_proxy) = partial.network_proxy.allow_upstream_proxy {
+            constraints.allow_upstream_proxy = Some(allow_upstream_proxy);
+        }
+        if let Some(dangerously_allow_non_loopback_proxy) =
+            partial.network_proxy.dangerously_allow_non_loopback_proxy
+        {
+            constraints.dangerously_allow_non_loopback_proxy =
+                Some(dangerously_allow_non_loopback_proxy);
+        }
+        if let Some(dangerously_allow_non_loopback_admin) =
+            partial.network_proxy.dangerously_allow_non_loopback_admin
+        {
+            constraints.dangerously_allow_non_loopback_admin =
+                Some(dangerously_allow_non_loopback_admin);
+        }
+
+        if let Some(allowed_domains) = partial.network_proxy.policy.allowed_domains {
+            constraints.allowed_domains = Some(allowed_domains);
+        }
+        if let Some(denied_domains) = partial.network_proxy.policy.denied_domains {
+            constraints.denied_domains = Some(denied_domains);
+        }
+        if let Some(allow_unix_sockets) = partial.network_proxy.policy.allow_unix_sockets {
+            constraints.allow_unix_sockets = Some(allow_unix_sockets);
+        }
+        if let Some(allow_local_binding) = partial.network_proxy.policy.allow_local_binding {
+            constraints.allow_local_binding = Some(allow_local_binding);
+        }
+    }
+    Ok(constraints)
+}
+
+fn is_user_controlled_layer(layer: &ConfigLayerSource) -> bool {
+    matches!(
+        layer,
+        ConfigLayerSource::User { .. }
+            | ConfigLayerSource::Project { .. }
+            | ConfigLayerSource::SessionFlags
+    )
+}
+
+pub(crate) fn validate_policy_against_constraints(
+    config: &NetworkProxyConfig,
+    constraints: &NetworkProxyConstraints,
+) -> std::result::Result<(), ConstraintError> {
+    fn invalid_value(
+        field_name: &'static str,
+        candidate: impl Into<String>,
+        allowed: impl Into<String>,
+    ) -> ConstraintError {
+        ConstraintError::InvalidValue {
+            field_name,
+            candidate: candidate.into(),
+            allowed: allowed.into(),
+            requirement_source: RequirementSource::Unknown,
+        }
+    }
+
+    let enabled = config.network_proxy.enabled;
+    if let Some(max_enabled) = constraints.enabled {
+        let _ = Constrained::new(enabled, move |candidate| {
+            if *candidate && !max_enabled {
+                Err(invalid_value(
+                    "network_proxy.enabled",
+                    "true",
+                    "false (disabled by managed config)",
+                ))
+            } else {
+                Ok(())
+            }
+        })?;
+    }
+
+    if let Some(max_mode) = constraints.mode {
+        let _ = Constrained::new(config.network_proxy.mode, move |candidate| {
+            if network_mode_rank(*candidate) > network_mode_rank(max_mode) {
+                Err(invalid_value(
+                    "network_proxy.mode",
+                    format!("{candidate:?}"),
+                    format!("{max_mode:?} or more restrictive"),
+                ))
+            } else {
+                Ok(())
+            }
+        })?;
+    }
+
+    let allow_upstream_proxy = constraints.allow_upstream_proxy;
+    let _ = Constrained::new(
+        config.network_proxy.allow_upstream_proxy,
+        move |candidate| match allow_upstream_proxy {
+            Some(true) | None => Ok(()),
+            Some(false) => {
+                if *candidate {
+                    Err(invalid_value(
+                        "network_proxy.allow_upstream_proxy",
+                        "true",
+                        "false (disabled by managed config)",
+                    ))
+                } else {
+                    Ok(())
+                }
+            }
+        },
+    )?;
+
+    let allow_non_loopback_admin = constraints.dangerously_allow_non_loopback_admin;
+    let _ = Constrained::new(
+        config.network_proxy.dangerously_allow_non_loopback_admin,
+        move |candidate| match allow_non_loopback_admin {
+            Some(true) | None => Ok(()),
+            Some(false) => {
+                if *candidate {
+                    Err(invalid_value(
+                        "network_proxy.dangerously_allow_non_loopback_admin",
+                        "true",
+                        "false (disabled by managed config)",
+                    ))
+                } else {
+                    Ok(())
+                }
+            }
+        },
+    )?;
+
+    let allow_non_loopback_proxy = constraints.dangerously_allow_non_loopback_proxy;
+    let _ = Constrained::new(
+        config.network_proxy.dangerously_allow_non_loopback_proxy,
+        move |candidate| match allow_non_loopback_proxy {
+            Some(true) | None => Ok(()),
+            Some(false) => {
+                if *candidate {
+                    Err(invalid_value(
+                        "network_proxy.dangerously_allow_non_loopback_proxy",
+                        "true",
+                        "false (disabled by managed config)",
+                    ))
+                } else {
+                    Ok(())
+                }
+            }
+        },
+    )?;
+
+    if let Some(allow_local_binding) = constraints.allow_local_binding {
+        let _ = Constrained::new(
+            config.network_proxy.policy.allow_local_binding,
+            move |candidate| {
+                if *candidate && !allow_local_binding {
+                    Err(invalid_value(
+                        "network_proxy.policy.allow_local_binding",
+                        "true",
+                        "false (disabled by managed config)",
+                    ))
+                } else {
+                    Ok(())
+                }
+            },
+        )?;
+    }
+
+    if let Some(allowed_domains) = &constraints.allowed_domains {
+        let managed_patterns: Vec<DomainPattern> = allowed_domains
+            .iter()
+            .map(|entry| DomainPattern::parse_for_constraints(entry))
+            .collect();
+        let _ = Constrained::new(
+            config.network_proxy.policy.allowed_domains.clone(),
+            move |candidate| {
+                let mut invalid = Vec::new();
+                for entry in candidate {
+                    let candidate_pattern = DomainPattern::parse_for_constraints(entry);
+                    if !managed_patterns
+                        .iter()
+                        .any(|managed| managed.allows(&candidate_pattern))
+                    {
+                        invalid.push(entry.clone());
+                    }
+                }
+                if invalid.is_empty() {
+                    Ok(())
+                } else {
+                    Err(invalid_value(
+                        "network_proxy.policy.allowed_domains",
+                        format!("{invalid:?}"),
+                        "subset of managed allowed_domains",
+                    ))
+                }
+            },
+        )?;
+    }
+
+    if let Some(denied_domains) = &constraints.denied_domains {
+        let required_set: HashSet<String> = denied_domains
+            .iter()
+            .map(|s| s.to_ascii_lowercase())
+            .collect();
+        let _ = Constrained::new(
+            config.network_proxy.policy.denied_domains.clone(),
+            move |candidate| {
+                let candidate_set: HashSet<String> =
+                    candidate.iter().map(|s| s.to_ascii_lowercase()).collect();
+                let missing: Vec<String> = required_set
+                    .iter()
+                    .filter(|entry| !candidate_set.contains(*entry))
+                    .cloned()
+                    .collect();
+                if missing.is_empty() {
+                    Ok(())
+                } else {
+                    Err(invalid_value(
+                        "network_proxy.policy.denied_domains",
+                        "missing managed denied_domains entries",
+                        format!("{missing:?}"),
+                    ))
+                }
+            },
+        )?;
+    }
+
+    if let Some(allow_unix_sockets) = &constraints.allow_unix_sockets {
+        let allowed_set: HashSet<String> = allow_unix_sockets
+            .iter()
+            .map(|s| s.to_ascii_lowercase())
+            .collect();
+        let _ = Constrained::new(
+            config.network_proxy.policy.allow_unix_sockets.clone(),
+            move |candidate| {
+                let mut invalid = Vec::new();
+                for entry in candidate {
+                    if !allowed_set.contains(&entry.to_ascii_lowercase()) {
+                        invalid.push(entry.clone());
+                    }
+                }
+                if invalid.is_empty() {
+                    Ok(())
+                } else {
+                    Err(invalid_value(
+                        "network_proxy.policy.allow_unix_sockets",
+                        format!("{invalid:?}"),
+                        "subset of managed allow_unix_sockets",
+                    ))
+                }
+            },
+        )?;
+    }
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+fn network_mode_rank(mode: NetworkMode) -> u8 {
+    match mode {
+        NetworkMode::Limited => 0,
+        NetworkMode::Full => 1,
+    }
+}

codex-rs/network-proxy/src/upstream.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,188 @@
+use rama_core::Layer;
+use rama_core::Service;
+use rama_core::error::BoxError;
+use rama_core::error::ErrorContext as _;
+use rama_core::error::OpaqueError;
+use rama_core::extensions::ExtensionsMut;
+use rama_core::extensions::ExtensionsRef;
+use rama_core::service::BoxService;
+use rama_http::Body;
+use rama_http::Request;
+use rama_http::Response;
+use rama_http::layer::version_adapter::RequestVersionAdapter;
+use rama_http_backend::client::HttpClientService;
+use rama_http_backend::client::HttpConnector;
+use rama_http_backend::client::proxy::layer::HttpProxyConnectorLayer;
+use rama_net::address::ProxyAddress;
+use rama_net::client::EstablishedClientConnection;
+use rama_net::http::RequestContext;
+use rama_tcp::client::service::TcpConnector;
+use rama_tls_boring::client::TlsConnectorDataBuilder;
+use rama_tls_boring::client::TlsConnectorLayer;
+use tracing::warn;
+
+#[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
+use rama_unix::client::UnixConnector;
+
+#[derive(Clone, Default)]
+struct ProxyConfig {
+    http: Option<ProxyAddress>,
+    https: Option<ProxyAddress>,
+    all: Option<ProxyAddress>,
+}
+
+impl ProxyConfig {
+    fn from_env() -> Self {
+        let http = read_proxy_env(&["HTTP_PROXY", "http_proxy"]);
+        let https = read_proxy_env(&["HTTPS_PROXY", "https_proxy"]);
+        let all = read_proxy_env(&["ALL_PROXY", "all_proxy"]);
+        Self { http, https, all }
+    }
+
+    fn proxy_for_request(&self, req: &Request) -> Option<ProxyAddress> {
+        let is_secure = RequestContext::try_from(req)
+            .map(|ctx| ctx.protocol.is_secure())
+            .unwrap_or(false);
+        self.proxy_for_protocol(is_secure)
+    }
+
+    fn proxy_for_protocol(&self, is_secure: bool) -> Option<ProxyAddress> {
+        if is_secure {
+            self.https
+                .clone()
+                .or_else(|| self.http.clone())
+                .or_else(|| self.all.clone())
+        } else {
+            self.http.clone().or_else(|| self.all.clone())
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+fn read_proxy_env(keys: &[&str]) -> Option<ProxyAddress> {
+    for key in keys {
+        let Ok(value) = std::env::var(key) else {
+            continue;
+        };
+        let value = value.trim();
+        if value.is_empty() {
+            continue;
+        }
+        match ProxyAddress::try_from(value) {
+            Ok(proxy) => {
+                if proxy
+                    .protocol
+                    .as_ref()
+                    .map(rama_net::Protocol::is_http)
+                    .unwrap_or(true)
+                {
+                    return Some(proxy);
+                }
+                warn!("ignoring {key}: non-http proxy protocol");
+            }
+            Err(err) => {
+                warn!("ignoring {key}: invalid proxy address ({err})");
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    None
+}
+
+pub(crate) fn proxy_for_connect() -> Option<ProxyAddress> {
+    ProxyConfig::from_env().proxy_for_protocol(true)
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone)]
+pub(crate) struct UpstreamClient {
+    connector: BoxService<
+        Request<Body>,
+        EstablishedClientConnection<HttpClientService<Body>, Request<Body>>,
+        BoxError,
+    >,
+    proxy_config: ProxyConfig,
+}
+
+impl UpstreamClient {
+    pub(crate) fn direct() -> Self {
+        Self::new(ProxyConfig::default())
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn from_env_proxy() -> Self {
+        Self::new(ProxyConfig::from_env())
+    }
+
+    #[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
+    pub(crate) fn unix_socket(path: &str) -> Self {
+        let connector = build_unix_connector(path);
+        Self {
+            connector,
+            proxy_config: ProxyConfig::default(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn new(proxy_config: ProxyConfig) -> Self {
+        let connector = build_http_connector();
+        Self {
+            connector,
+            proxy_config,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl Service<Request<Body>> for UpstreamClient {
+    type Output = Response;
+    type Error = OpaqueError;
+
+    async fn serve(&self, mut req: Request<Body>) -> Result<Self::Output, Self::Error> {
+        if let Some(proxy) = self.proxy_config.proxy_for_request(&req) {
+            req.extensions_mut().insert(proxy);
+        }
+
+        let uri = req.uri().clone();
+        let EstablishedClientConnection {
+            input: mut req,
+            conn: http_connection,
+        } = self
+            .connector
+            .serve(req)
+            .await
+            .map_err(OpaqueError::from_boxed)?;
+
+        req.extensions_mut()
+            .extend(http_connection.extensions().clone());
+
+        http_connection
+            .serve(req)
+            .await
+            .map_err(OpaqueError::from_boxed)
+            .with_context(|| format!("http request failure for uri: {uri}"))
+    }
+}
+
+fn build_http_connector() -> BoxService<
+    Request<Body>,
+    EstablishedClientConnection<HttpClientService<Body>, Request<Body>>,
+    BoxError,
+> {
+    let transport = TcpConnector::default();
+    let proxy = HttpProxyConnectorLayer::optional().into_layer(transport);
+    let tls_config = TlsConnectorDataBuilder::new_http_auto().into_shared_builder();
+    let tls = TlsConnectorLayer::auto()
+        .with_connector_data(tls_config)
+        .into_layer(proxy);
+    let tls = RequestVersionAdapter::new(tls);
+    let connector = HttpConnector::new(tls);
+    connector.boxed()
+}
+
+#[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
+fn build_unix_connector(
+    path: &str,
+) -> BoxService<
+    Request<Body>,
+    EstablishedClientConnection<HttpClientService<Body>, Request<Body>>,
+    BoxError,
+> {
+    let transport = UnixConnector::fixed(path);
+    let connector = HttpConnector::new(transport);
+    connector.boxed()
+}