feat: introduce Permissions (#11633)

## Why
We currently carry multiple permission-related concepts directly on
`Config` for shell/unified-exec behavior (`approval_policy`,
`sandbox_policy`, `network`, `shell_environment_policy`,
`windows_sandbox_mode`).

Consolidating these into one in-memory struct makes permission handling
easier to reason about and sets up the next step: supporting named
permission profiles (`[permissions.PROFILE_NAME]`) without changing
behavior now.

This change is mostly mechanical: it updates existing callsites to go
through `config.permissions`, but it does not yet refactor those
callsites to take a single `Permissions` value in places where multiple
permission fields are still threaded separately.

This PR intentionally **does not** change the on-disk `config.toml`
format yet and keeps compatibility with legacy config keys.

## What Changed
- Introduced `Permissions` in `core/src/config/mod.rs`.
- Added `Config::permissions` and moved effective runtime permission
fields under it:
  - `approval_policy`
  - `sandbox_policy`
  - `network`
  - `shell_environment_policy`
  - `windows_sandbox_mode`
- Updated config loading/building so these effective values are still
derived from the same existing config inputs and constraints.
- Updated Windows sandbox helpers/resolution to read/write via
`permissions`.
- Threaded the new field through all permission consumers across core
runtime, app-server, CLI/exec, TUI, and sandbox summary code.
- Updated affected tests to reference `config.permissions.*`.
- Renamed the struct/field from
`EffectivePermissions`/`effective_permissions` to
`Permissions`/`permissions` and aligned variable naming accordingly.

## Verification
- `just fix -p codex-core -p codex-tui -p codex-cli -p codex-app-server
-p codex-exec -p codex-utils-sandbox-summary`
- `cargo build -p codex-core -p codex-tui -p codex-cli -p
codex-app-server -p codex-exec -p codex-utils-sandbox-summary`

codex-rs/core/tests/suite/otel.rs

@@ -964,8 +964,9 @@ async fn handle_container_exec_autoapprove_from_config_records_tool_decision() {
 
     let TestCodex { codex, .. } = test_codex()
         .with_config(|config| {
-            config.approval_policy = Constrained::allow_any(AskForApproval::OnRequest);
-            config.sandbox_policy = Constrained::allow_any(SandboxPolicy::DangerFullAccess);
+            config.permissions.approval_policy = Constrained::allow_any(AskForApproval::OnRequest);
+            config.permissions.sandbox_policy =
+                Constrained::allow_any(SandboxPolicy::DangerFullAccess);
         })
         .build(&server)
         .await
@@ -1015,7 +1016,8 @@ async fn handle_container_exec_user_approved_records_tool_decision() {
 
     let TestCodex { codex, .. } = test_codex()
         .with_config(|config| {
-            config.approval_policy = Constrained::allow_any(AskForApproval::UnlessTrusted);
+            config.permissions.approval_policy =
+                Constrained::allow_any(AskForApproval::UnlessTrusted);
         })
         .build(&server)
         .await
@@ -1080,7 +1082,8 @@ async fn handle_container_exec_user_approved_for_session_records_tool_decision()
 
     let TestCodex { codex, .. } = test_codex()
         .with_config(|config| {
-            config.approval_policy = Constrained::allow_any(AskForApproval::UnlessTrusted);
+            config.permissions.approval_policy =
+                Constrained::allow_any(AskForApproval::UnlessTrusted);
         })
         .build(&server)
         .await
@@ -1145,7 +1148,8 @@ async fn handle_sandbox_error_user_approves_retry_records_tool_decision() {
 
     let TestCodex { codex, .. } = test_codex()
         .with_config(|config| {
-            config.approval_policy = Constrained::allow_any(AskForApproval::UnlessTrusted);
+            config.permissions.approval_policy =
+                Constrained::allow_any(AskForApproval::UnlessTrusted);
         })
         .build(&server)
         .await
@@ -1210,7 +1214,8 @@ async fn handle_container_exec_user_denies_records_tool_decision() {
     .await;
     let TestCodex { codex, .. } = test_codex()
         .with_config(|config| {
-            config.approval_policy = Constrained::allow_any(AskForApproval::UnlessTrusted);
+            config.permissions.approval_policy =
+                Constrained::allow_any(AskForApproval::UnlessTrusted);
         })
         .build(&server)
         .await
@@ -1275,7 +1280,8 @@ async fn handle_sandbox_error_user_approves_for_session_records_tool_decision()
 
     let TestCodex { codex, .. } = test_codex()
         .with_config(|config| {
-            config.approval_policy = Constrained::allow_any(AskForApproval::UnlessTrusted);
+            config.permissions.approval_policy =
+                Constrained::allow_any(AskForApproval::UnlessTrusted);
         })
         .build(&server)
         .await
@@ -1341,7 +1347,8 @@ async fn handle_sandbox_error_user_denies_records_tool_decision() {
 
     let TestCodex { codex, .. } = test_codex()
         .with_config(|config| {
-            config.approval_policy = Constrained::allow_any(AskForApproval::UnlessTrusted);
+            config.permissions.approval_policy =
+                Constrained::allow_any(AskForApproval::UnlessTrusted);
         })
         .build(&server)
         .await