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&#x26; 7zip cheatsheet &#x26; Quick Reference</title>
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<meta description="77z（7-Zip / p7zip）命令用于创建、更新、查看与解压压缩包，常见格式包括 7z、zip、tar 等。
入门，为开发人员分享快速参考备忘单。">
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<p>7z（7-Zip / p7zip）命令用于创建、更新、查看与解压压缩包，常见格式包括 <code>7z</code>、<code>zip</code>、<code>tar</code> 等。</p>
</div></header><div class="menu-tocs"><div class="menu-btn"><svg aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" height="1em" width="1em" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" data-view-component="true">
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</svg></div><div class="menu-modal"><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve2 tocs-link" data-num="2" href="#入门">入门</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#7z-用法">7z 用法</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#命令">命令</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#语法形式和选项">语法形式和选项</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#常用开关示例">常用开关示例</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve2 tocs-link" data-num="2" href="#7z-压缩示例">7z 压缩示例</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#创建新的-7z-压缩包">创建新的 7z 压缩包</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#创建分卷压缩包">创建分卷压缩包</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#设置压缩等级与线程数">设置压缩等级与线程数</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#排除目录或文件">排除目录或文件</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#从列表文件读取待压缩文件">从列表文件读取待压缩文件</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#压缩后删除源文件">压缩后删除源文件</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve2 tocs-link" data-num="2" href="#7z-解压示例">7z 解压示例</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#解压并保留目录结构推荐">解压并保留目录结构（推荐）</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#解压到指定目录">解压到指定目录</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#解压但不保留目录结构">解压但不保留目录结构</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#解压时覆盖策略">解压时覆盖策略</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#仅解压匹配的文件">仅解压匹配的文件</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#列出压缩包内容含技术信息">列出压缩包内容（含技术信息）</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#测试压缩包完整性">测试压缩包完整性</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#计算文件哈希sha256">计算文件哈希（SHA256）</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve2 tocs-link" data-num="2" href="#另见">另见</a></div></div><div class="h1wrap-body"><div class="wrap h2body-exist"><div class="wrap-header h2wrap"><h2 id="入门"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#入门"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>入门</h2><div class="wrap-body">
</div></div><div class="h2wrap-body"><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="7z-用法"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#7z-用法"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>7z 用法</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<pre class="wrap-text"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ 7z <span class="token operator">&#x3C;</span>命令<span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token operator">&#x3C;</span>开关<span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">..</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">&#x3C;</span>压缩包名称<span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token operator">&#x3C;</span>文件名<span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">..</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
</span></code></pre>
<!--rehype:className=wrap-text-->
<p>常见命令：</p>
<ul>
<li><code>a</code> 添加文件到压缩包（创建/追加）</li>
<li><code>x</code> 解压（保留完整路径）</li>
<li><code>e</code> 解压（不保留目录结构）</li>
<li><code>l</code> 列出压缩包内容</li>
<li><code>t</code> 测试压缩包完整性</li>
</ul>
<p>安装：</p>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># Debian/Ubuntu</span>
</span><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token function">sudo</span> <span class="token function">apt</span> <span class="token function">install</span> p7zip-full
</span><span class="code-line">
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># RHEL/CentOS/Fedora</span>
</span><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token function">sudo</span> yum <span class="token function">install</span> p7zip p7zip-plugins
</span><span class="code-line">
</span><span class="code-line"><span class="token comment"># macOS (Homebrew)</span>
</span><span class="code-line">$ brew <span class="token function">install</span> sevenzip
</span></code></pre>
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist col-span-2"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="命令"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#命令"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>命令</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<!--rehype:wrap-class=col-span-2-->
<table><thead><tr><th align="left">参数</th><th align="left">描述</th><th align="left">参数</th><th align="left">描述</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left"><code>a</code></td><td align="left"><strong>add：</strong> 添加/创建压缩包</td><td align="left"><code>x</code></td><td align="left"><strong>extract：</strong> 解压（保留完整路径）</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>e</code></td><td align="left"><strong>extract：</strong> 解压（不保留目录名）</td><td align="left"><code>l</code></td><td align="left"><strong>list：</strong> 列出压缩包内容</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>t</code></td><td align="left"><strong>test：</strong> 测试压缩包完整性</td><td align="left"><code>h</code></td><td align="left"><strong>hash：</strong> 计算文件哈希</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>u</code></td><td align="left"><strong>update：</strong> 更新压缩包内文件</td><td align="left"><code>d</code></td><td align="left"><strong>delete：</strong> 从压缩包中删除文件</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>rn</code></td><td align="left"><strong>rename：</strong> 重命名压缩包内文件</td><td align="left"><code>i</code></td><td align="left"><strong>info：</strong> 查看支持的格式信息</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>b</code></td><td align="left"><strong>benchmark：</strong> 性能测试</td><td align="left"> </td><td align="left"> </td></tr></tbody></table>
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="语法形式和选项"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#语法形式和选项"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>语法形式和选项</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<table class="style-list-arrow"><thead><tr><th align="left">:-</th><th align="left">:-</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left"><strong>基本语法</strong></td><td align="left"><code>7z &#x3C;命令> [开关...] 压缩包 [文件...]</code></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><strong>创建 7z 压缩包</strong></td><td align="left"><code>7z a -t7z archive.7z 文件/目录...</code></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><strong>创建 zip 压缩包</strong></td><td align="left"><code>7z a -tzip archive.zip 文件/目录...</code></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><strong>解压（保留路径）</strong></td><td align="left"><code>7z x archive.7z -o输出目录</code></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><strong>解压（不保留目录）</strong></td><td align="left"><code>7z e archive.7z -o输出目录</code></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><strong>列出内容</strong></td><td align="left"><code>7z l archive.7z</code></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><strong>测试完整性</strong></td><td align="left"><code>7z t archive.7z</code></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><strong>计算哈希</strong></td><td align="left"><code>7z h -scrcSHA256 文件...</code></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><strong>创建分卷压缩包</strong></td><td align="left"><code>7z a archive.7z 大文件.iso -v1g</code></td></tr></tbody></table>
<!--rehype:className=style-list-arrow-->
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist col-span-2 row-span-1"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="常用开关示例"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#常用开关示例"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>常用开关示例</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<!--rehype:wrap-class=col-span-2 row-span-1-->
<table><thead><tr><th align="left">参数</th><th align="left">描述</th><th align="left">参数</th><th align="left">描述</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left"><code>--</code></td><td align="left">停止解析后续参数为开关</td><td align="left"><code>-t{Type}</code></td><td align="left">指定压缩格式（如 <code>-t7z</code> / <code>-tzip</code>），默认为<code>7z</code></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>-o{目录}</code></td><td align="left">指定输出目录（解压）</td><td align="left"><code>-p{密码}</code></td><td align="left">设置密码</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>-r[-|0]</code></td><td align="left">递归子目录（<code>-r</code> / <code>-r-</code> / <code>-r0</code>）</td><td align="left"><code>-mx[N]</code></td><td align="left">压缩等级：<code>-mx0</code>（不压缩） <code>-mx1</code>（最快）… <code>-mx9</code>（最强）</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>-mmt[N]</code></td><td align="left">线程数（如 <code>-mmt4</code>）</td><td align="left"><code>-y</code></td><td align="left">所有询问默认回答 Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>-ao{a|s|t|u}</code></td><td align="left">覆盖策略：a 全覆盖 / s 跳过 / t 仅覆盖旧文件 / u 自动重命名</td><td align="left"> </td><td align="left"> </td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>-v{Size}[b|k|m|g]</code></td><td align="left">分卷（如 <code>-v1g</code> / <code>-v500m</code>）</td><td align="left"><code>-sdel</code></td><td align="left">压缩后删除源文件</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>-sfx[{name}]</code></td><td align="left">生成自解压压缩包（SFX）</td><td align="left"><code>-bd</code></td><td align="left">关闭进度指示器</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>-bb[0-3]</code></td><td align="left">输出日志等级</td><td align="left"><code>-bt</code></td><td align="left">输出执行时间统计</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>-so</code></td><td align="left">输出到 stdout</td><td align="left"><code>-si[{name}]</code></td><td align="left">从 stdin 读入数据</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>-scrc[CRC64|SHA1|SHA256|*]</code></td><td align="left">指定校验/哈希算法（用于 <code>x/e/h</code>）</td><td align="left"><code>@listfile</code></td><td align="left">从列表文件读取文件名</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>-i...</code></td><td align="left">仅包含匹配项（include）</td><td align="left"><code>-x...</code></td><td align="left">排除匹配项（exclude）</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>-slt</code></td><td align="left"><code>l</code> 命令输出技术信息</td><td align="left"><code>-spf</code></td><td align="left">使用绝对路径</td></tr></tbody></table>
</div></div></div></div></div><div class="wrap h2body-exist"><div class="wrap-header h2wrap"><h2 id="7z-压缩示例"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#7z-压缩示例"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>7z 压缩示例</h2><div class="wrap-body">
</div></div><div class="h2wrap-body"><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="创建新的-7z-压缩包"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#创建新的-7z-压缩包"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>创建新的 7z 压缩包</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ 7z a <span class="token parameter variable">-t7z</span> archive.7z file1 file2 dir1/
</span></code></pre>
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="创建分卷压缩包"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#创建分卷压缩包"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>创建分卷压缩包</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ 7z a big.7z big.iso <span class="token parameter variable">-v1g</span>
</span></code></pre>
<p>压缩时会自动根据文件名后缀判断压缩格式，所以可以忽略 <code>-t</code> 开关</p>
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="设置压缩等级与线程数"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#设置压缩等级与线程数"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>设置压缩等级与线程数</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ 7z a archive.7z dir1/ <span class="token parameter variable">-mx9</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-mmt4</span>
</span></code></pre>
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist col-span-2"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="排除目录或文件"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#排除目录或文件"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>排除目录或文件</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<!--rehype:wrap-class=col-span-2-->
<pre class="wrap-text"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ 7z a archive.7z example/ <span class="token string">'-x!example/node_modules/*'</span> <span class="token string">'-x!example/dist/*'</span>
</span></code></pre>
<!--rehype:className=wrap-text-->
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="从列表文件读取待压缩文件"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#从列表文件读取待压缩文件"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>从列表文件读取待压缩文件</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ 7z a archive.7z @files.txt
</span></code></pre>
<p><code>files.txt</code> 每行一个文件路径（相对或绝对路径均可）。</p>
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="压缩后删除源文件"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#压缩后删除源文件"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>压缩后删除源文件</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ 7z a archive.7z dir1/ <span class="token parameter variable">-sdel</span>
</span></code></pre>
</div></div></div></div></div><div class="wrap h2body-exist"><div class="wrap-header h2wrap"><h2 id="7z-解压示例"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#7z-解压示例"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>7z 解压示例</h2><div class="wrap-body">
</div></div><div class="h2wrap-body"><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="解压并保留目录结构推荐"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#解压并保留目录结构推荐"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>解压并保留目录结构（推荐）</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ 7z x archive.7z
</span></code></pre>
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="解压到指定目录"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#解压到指定目录"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>解压到指定目录</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ 7z x archive.7z -o./output
</span></code></pre>
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="解压但不保留目录结构"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#解压但不保留目录结构"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>解压但不保留目录结构</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ 7z e archive.7z -o./output
</span></code></pre>
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="解压时覆盖策略"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#解压时覆盖策略"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>解压时覆盖策略</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ 7z x archive.7z -o./output <span class="token parameter variable">-aoa</span>
</span></code></pre>
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="仅解压匹配的文件"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#仅解压匹配的文件"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>仅解压匹配的文件</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ 7z x archive.7z <span class="token string">'*.log'</span> -o./output
</span></code></pre>
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="列出压缩包内容含技术信息"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#列出压缩包内容含技术信息"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>列出压缩包内容（含技术信息）</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ 7z l archive.7z <span class="token parameter variable">-slt</span>
</span></code></pre>
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="测试压缩包完整性"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#测试压缩包完整性"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>测试压缩包完整性</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ 7z t archive.7z
</span></code></pre>
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="计算文件哈希sha256"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#计算文件哈希sha256"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>计算文件哈希（SHA256）</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ 7z h <span class="token parameter variable">-scrcSHA256</span> file1 file2
</span></code></pre>
</div></div></div></div></div><div class="wrap h2body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h2wrap"><h2 id="另见"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#另见"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>另见</h2><div class="wrap-body">
<ul>
<li><a href="https://www.7-zip.org/">7-Zip 官网</a> <em>(7-zip.org)</em></li>
<li><a href="https://sparanoid.com/lab/7z/">7-Zip 简体中文网站</a> <em>(7-zip.org)</em></li>
<li><a href="https://jaywcjlove.github.io/linux-command/c/7z.html">7z 命令帮助文档</a> <em>(linux-command)</em></li>
</ul>
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