fix: close non-stdio fds before exec

This is important to ensure that this:

```
codex --enable unified_exec
```

and this:

```
codex --config features.unified_exec=true
```

are equivalent. Also that when it is passed programmatically:


807e2c27f0/codex-rs/app-server-protocol/src/protocol/v1.rs (L55)

then this should work for `config`:

```json
{"features": {"shell_command_tool": true}}
```

though I believe also this:

```json
{"features.shell_command_tool": true}
```

.github/pull_request_template.md

@@ -4,3 +4,5 @@ Before opening this Pull Request, please read the dedicated "Contributing" markd
 https://github.com/openai/codex/blob/main/docs/contributing.md
 
 If your PR conforms to our contribution guidelines, replace this text with a detailed and high quality description of your changes.
+
+Include a link to a bug report or enhancement request.

.github/workflows/ci.yml

@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ jobs:
           echo "pack_output=$PACK_OUTPUT" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
 
       - name: Upload staged npm package artifact
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v5
         with:
           name: codex-npm-staging
           path: ${{ steps.stage_npm_package.outputs.pack_output }}

.github/workflows/cla.yml

@@ -16,10 +16,27 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
       - uses: contributor-assistant/github-action@v2.6.1
+        # Run on close only if the PR was merged. This will lock the PR to preserve
+        # the CLA agreement. We don't want to lock PRs that have been closed without
+        # merging because the contributor may want to respond with additional comments.
+        # This action has a "lock-pullrequest-aftermerge" option that can be set to false,
+        # but that would unconditionally skip locking even in cases where the PR was merged.
         if: |
-          github.event_name == 'pull_request_target' ||
-          github.event.comment.body == 'recheck' ||
-          github.event.comment.body == 'I have read the CLA Document and I hereby sign the CLA'
+          (
+            github.event_name == 'pull_request_target' &&
+            (
+              github.event.action == 'opened' ||
+              github.event.action == 'synchronize' ||
+              (github.event.action == 'closed' && github.event.pull_request.merged == true)
+            )
+          ) ||
+          (
+            github.event_name == 'issue_comment' &&
+            (
+              github.event.comment.body == 'recheck' ||
+              github.event.comment.body == 'I have read the CLA Document and I hereby sign the CLA'
+            )
+          )
         env:
           GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
         with:

.github/workflows/codespell.yml

@@ -22,6 +22,6 @@ jobs:
       - name: Annotate locations with typos
         uses: codespell-project/codespell-problem-matcher@b80729f885d32f78a716c2f107b4db1025001c42 # v1
       - name: Codespell
-        uses: codespell-project/actions-codespell@406322ec52dd7b488e48c1c4b82e2a8b3a1bf630 # v2.1
+        uses: codespell-project/actions-codespell@8f01853be192eb0f849a5c7d721450e7a467c579 # v2.2
         with:
           ignore_words_file: .codespellignore

.github/workflows/issue-deduplicator.yml

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ jobs:
     outputs:
       codex_output: ${{ steps.codex.outputs.final-message }}
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
 
       - name: Prepare Codex inputs
         env:
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ jobs:
       issues: write
     steps:
       - name: Comment on issue
-        uses: actions/github-script@v7
+        uses: actions/github-script@v8
         env:
           CODEX_OUTPUT: ${{ needs.gather-duplicates.outputs.codex_output }}
         with:

.github/workflows/issue-labeler.yml

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ jobs:
     outputs:
       codex_output: ${{ steps.codex.outputs.final-message }}
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
 
       - id: codex
         uses: openai/codex-action@main
@@ -26,21 +26,36 @@ jobs:
           prompt: |
             You are an assistant that reviews GitHub issues for the repository.
 
-            Your job is to choose the most appropriate existing labels for the issue described later in this prompt.
+            Your job is to choose the most appropriate labels for the issue described later in this prompt.
             Follow these rules:
-            - Only pick labels out of the list below.
-            - Prefer a small set of precise labels over many broad ones.
 
-            Labels to apply:
+            - Add one (and only one) of the following three labels to distinguish the type of issue. Default to "bug" if unsure.
             1. bug — Reproducible defects in Codex products (CLI, VS Code extension, web, auth).
             2. enhancement — Feature requests or usability improvements that ask for new capabilities, better ergonomics, or quality-of-life tweaks.
-            3. extension — VS Code (or other IDE) extension-specific issues.
-            4. windows-os — Bugs or friction specific to Windows environments (always when PowerShell is mentioned, path handling, copy/paste, OS-specific auth or tooling failures).
-            5. mcp — Topics involving Model Context Protocol servers/clients.
-            6. codex-web — Issues targeting the Codex web UI/Cloud experience.
-            8. azure — Problems or requests tied to Azure OpenAI deployments.
-            9. documentation — Updates or corrections needed in docs/README/config references (broken links, missing examples, outdated keys, clarification requests).
-            10. model-behavior — Undesirable LLM behavior: forgetting goals, refusing work, hallucinating environment details, quota misreports, or other reasoning/performance anomalies.
+            3. documentation — Updates or corrections needed in docs/README/config references (broken links, missing examples, outdated keys, clarification requests).
+
+            - If applicable, add one of the following labels to specify which sub-product or product surface the issue relates to.
+            1. CLI — the Codex command line interface.
+            2. extension — VS Code (or other IDE) extension-specific issues.
+            3. codex-web — Issues targeting the Codex web UI/Cloud experience.
+            4. github-action — Issues with the Codex GitHub action.
+            5. iOS — Issues with the Codex iOS app.
+
+            - Additionally add zero or more of the following labels that are relevant to the issue content. Prefer a small set of precise labels over many broad ones.
+            1. windows-os — Bugs or friction specific to Windows environments (always when PowerShell is mentioned, path handling, copy/paste, OS-specific auth or tooling failures).
+            2. mcp — Topics involving Model Context Protocol servers/clients.
+            3. mcp-server — Problems related to the codex mcp-server command, where codex runs as an MCP server.
+            4. azure — Problems or requests tied to Azure OpenAI deployments.
+            5. model-behavior — Undesirable LLM behavior: forgetting goals, refusing work, hallucinating environment details, quota misreports, or other reasoning/performance anomalies.
+            6. code-review — Issues related to the code review feature or functionality.
+            7. auth - Problems related to authentication, login, or access tokens.
+            8. codex-exec - Problems related to the "codex exec" command or functionality.
+            9. context-management - Problems related to compaction, context windows, or available context reporting.
+            10. custom-model - Problems that involve using custom model providers, local models, or OSS models.
+            11. rate-limits - Problems related to token limits, rate limits, or token usage reporting.
+            12. sandbox - Issues related to local sandbox environments or tool call approvals to override sandbox restrictions.
+            13. tool-calls - Problems related to specific tool call invocations including unexpected errors, failures, or hangs.
+            14. TUI - Problems with the terminal user interface (TUI) including keyboard shortcuts, copy & pasting, menus, or screen update issues.
 
             Issue number: ${{ github.event.issue.number }}
 

.github/workflows/rust-ci.yml

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ on:
 # CI builds in debug (dev) for faster signal.
 
 jobs:
-  # --- Detect what changed (always runs) -------------------------------------
+  # --- Detect what changed to detect which tests to run (always runs) -------------------------------------
   changed:
     name: Detect changed areas
     runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ jobs:
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v5
       - uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@1.90
-      - uses: taiki-e/install-action@0c5db7f7f897c03b771660e91d065338615679f4 # v2
+      - uses: taiki-e/install-action@44c6d64aa62cd779e873306675c7a58e86d6d532 # v2
         with:
           tool: cargo-shear
           version: 1.5.1
@@ -84,8 +84,8 @@ jobs:
         run: cargo shear
 
   # --- CI to validate on different os/targets --------------------------------
-  lint_build_test:
-    name: ${{ matrix.runner }} - ${{ matrix.target }}${{ matrix.profile == 'release' && ' (release)' || '' }}
+  lint_build:
+    name: Lint/Build — ${{ matrix.runner }} - ${{ matrix.target }}${{ matrix.profile == 'release' && ' (release)' || '' }}
     runs-on: ${{ matrix.runner }}
     timeout-minutes: 30
     needs: changed
@@ -94,6 +94,11 @@ jobs:
     defaults:
       run:
         working-directory: codex-rs
+    env:
+      # Speed up repeated builds across CI runs by caching compiled objects.
+      RUSTC_WRAPPER: sccache
+      CARGO_INCREMENTAL: "0"
+      SCCACHE_CACHE_SIZE: 10G
 
     strategy:
       fail-fast: false
@@ -159,20 +164,83 @@ jobs:
             ~/.cargo/registry/index/
             ~/.cargo/registry/cache/
             ~/.cargo/git/db/
-          key: cargo-home-${{ matrix.runner }}-${{ matrix.target }}-${{ matrix.profile }}-${{ hashFiles('**/Cargo.lock') }}
+          key: cargo-home-${{ matrix.runner }}-${{ matrix.target }}-${{ matrix.profile }}-${{ hashFiles('**/Cargo.lock') }}-${{ hashFiles('codex-rs/rust-toolchain.toml') }}
+          restore-keys: |
+            cargo-home-${{ matrix.runner }}-${{ matrix.target }}-${{ matrix.profile }}-
 
-      - name: Restore target cache (except gnu-dev)
-        id: cache_target_restore
-        if: ${{ !(matrix.target == 'x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu' && matrix.profile != 'release') }}
+      # Install and restore sccache cache
+      - name: Install sccache
+        uses: taiki-e/install-action@44c6d64aa62cd779e873306675c7a58e86d6d532 # v2
+        with:
+          tool: sccache
+          version: 0.7.5
+
+      - name: Configure sccache backend
+        shell: bash
+        run: |
+          set -euo pipefail
+          if [[ -n "${ACTIONS_CACHE_URL:-}" && -n "${ACTIONS_RUNTIME_TOKEN:-}" ]]; then
+            echo "SCCACHE_GHA_ENABLED=true" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
+            echo "Using sccache GitHub backend"
+          else
+            echo "SCCACHE_GHA_ENABLED=false" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
+            echo "SCCACHE_DIR=${{ github.workspace }}/.sccache" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
+            echo "Using sccache local disk + actions/cache fallback"
+          fi
+
+      - name: Restore sccache cache (fallback)
+        if: ${{ env.SCCACHE_GHA_ENABLED != 'true' }}
+        id: cache_sccache_restore
         uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
         with:
-          path: ${{ github.workspace }}/codex-rs/target/
-          key: cargo-target-${{ matrix.runner }}-${{ matrix.target }}-${{ matrix.profile }}-${{ hashFiles('**/Cargo.lock') }}
+          path: ${{ github.workspace }}/.sccache/
+          key: sccache-${{ matrix.runner }}-${{ matrix.target }}-${{ matrix.profile }}-${{ hashFiles('**/Cargo.lock') }}-${{ github.run_id }}
+          restore-keys: |
+            sccache-${{ matrix.runner }}-${{ matrix.target }}-${{ matrix.profile }}-${{ hashFiles('**/Cargo.lock') }}-
+            sccache-${{ matrix.runner }}-${{ matrix.target }}-${{ matrix.profile }}-
+
+      - if: ${{ matrix.target == 'x86_64-unknown-linux-musl' || matrix.target == 'aarch64-unknown-linux-musl'}}
+        name: Prepare APT cache directories (musl)
+        shell: bash
+        run: |
+          set -euo pipefail
+          sudo mkdir -p /var/cache/apt/archives /var/lib/apt/lists
+          sudo chown -R "$USER:$USER" /var/cache/apt /var/lib/apt/lists
+
+      - if: ${{ matrix.target == 'x86_64-unknown-linux-musl' || matrix.target == 'aarch64-unknown-linux-musl'}}
+        name: Restore APT cache (musl)
+        id: cache_apt_restore
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
+        with:
+          path: |
+            /var/cache/apt
+          key: apt-${{ matrix.runner }}-${{ matrix.target }}-v1
 
       - if: ${{ matrix.target == 'x86_64-unknown-linux-musl' || matrix.target == 'aarch64-unknown-linux-musl'}}
         name: Install musl build tools
+        env:
+          DEBIAN_FRONTEND: noninteractive
+        shell: bash
         run: |
-          sudo apt install -y musl-tools pkg-config && sudo rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
+          set -euo pipefail
+          sudo apt-get -y update -o Acquire::Retries=3
+          sudo apt-get -y install --no-install-recommends musl-tools pkg-config
+
+      - name: Install cargo-chef
+        if: ${{ matrix.profile == 'release' }}
+        uses: taiki-e/install-action@44c6d64aa62cd779e873306675c7a58e86d6d532 # v2
+        with:
+          tool: cargo-chef
+          version: 0.1.71
+
+      - name: Pre-warm dependency cache (cargo-chef)
+        if: ${{ matrix.profile == 'release' }}
+        shell: bash
+        run: |
+          set -euo pipefail
+          RECIPE="${RUNNER_TEMP}/chef-recipe.json"
+          cargo chef prepare --recipe-path "$RECIPE"
+          cargo chef cook --recipe-path "$RECIPE" --target ${{ matrix.target }} --release --all-features
 
       - name: cargo clippy
         id: clippy
@@ -191,20 +259,6 @@ jobs:
           find . -name Cargo.toml -mindepth 2 -maxdepth 2 -print0 \
             | xargs -0 -n1 -I{} bash -c 'cd "$(dirname "{}")" && cargo check --profile ${{ matrix.profile }}'
 
-      - uses: taiki-e/install-action@0c5db7f7f897c03b771660e91d065338615679f4 # v2
-        with:
-          tool: nextest
-          version: 0.9.103
-
-      - name: tests
-        id: test
-        # Tests take too long for release builds to run them on every PR.
-        if: ${{ matrix.profile != 'release' }}
-        continue-on-error: true
-        run: cargo nextest run --all-features --no-fail-fast --target ${{ matrix.target }} --cargo-profile ci-test
-        env:
-          RUST_BACKTRACE: 1
-
       # Save caches explicitly; make non-fatal so cache packaging
       # never fails the overall job. Only save when key wasn't hit.
       - name: Save cargo home cache
@@ -217,33 +271,193 @@ jobs:
             ~/.cargo/registry/index/
             ~/.cargo/registry/cache/
             ~/.cargo/git/db/
-          key: cargo-home-${{ matrix.runner }}-${{ matrix.target }}-${{ matrix.profile }}-${{ hashFiles('**/Cargo.lock') }}
+          key: cargo-home-${{ matrix.runner }}-${{ matrix.target }}-${{ matrix.profile }}-${{ hashFiles('**/Cargo.lock') }}-${{ hashFiles('codex-rs/rust-toolchain.toml') }}
 
-      - name: Save target cache (except gnu-dev)
-        if: >-
-          always() && !cancelled() &&
-          (steps.cache_target_restore.outputs.cache-hit != 'true') &&
-          !(matrix.target == 'x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu' && matrix.profile != 'release')
+      - name: Save sccache cache (fallback)
+        if: always() && !cancelled() && env.SCCACHE_GHA_ENABLED != 'true'
         continue-on-error: true
         uses: actions/cache/save@v4
         with:
-          path: ${{ github.workspace }}/codex-rs/target/
-          key: cargo-target-${{ matrix.runner }}-${{ matrix.target }}-${{ matrix.profile }}-${{ hashFiles('**/Cargo.lock') }}
+          path: ${{ github.workspace }}/.sccache/
+          key: sccache-${{ matrix.runner }}-${{ matrix.target }}-${{ matrix.profile }}-${{ hashFiles('**/Cargo.lock') }}-${{ github.run_id }}
+
+      - name: sccache stats
+        if: always()
+        continue-on-error: true
+        run: sccache --show-stats || true
+
+      - name: sccache summary
+        if: always()
+        shell: bash
+        run: |
+          {
+            echo "### sccache stats — ${{ matrix.target }} (${{ matrix.profile }})";
+            echo;
+            echo '```';
+            sccache --show-stats || true;
+            echo '```';
+          } >> "$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+
+      - name: Save APT cache (musl)
+        if: always() && !cancelled() && (matrix.target == 'x86_64-unknown-linux-musl' || matrix.target == 'aarch64-unknown-linux-musl') && steps.cache_apt_restore.outputs.cache-hit != 'true'
+        continue-on-error: true
+        uses: actions/cache/save@v4
+        with:
+          path: |
+            /var/cache/apt
+          key: apt-${{ matrix.runner }}-${{ matrix.target }}-v1
 
       # Fail the job if any of the previous steps failed.
       - name: verify all steps passed
         if: |
           steps.clippy.outcome == 'failure' ||
-          steps.cargo_check_all_crates.outcome == 'failure' ||
-          steps.test.outcome == 'failure'
+          steps.cargo_check_all_crates.outcome == 'failure'
         run: |
-          echo "One or more checks failed (clippy, cargo_check_all_crates, or test). See logs for details."
+          echo "One or more checks failed (clippy or cargo_check_all_crates). See logs for details."
+          exit 1
+
+  tests:
+    name: Tests — ${{ matrix.runner }} - ${{ matrix.target }}
+    runs-on: ${{ matrix.runner }}
+    timeout-minutes: 30
+    needs: changed
+    if: ${{ needs.changed.outputs.codex == 'true' || needs.changed.outputs.workflows == 'true' || github.event_name == 'push' }}
+    defaults:
+      run:
+        working-directory: codex-rs
+    env:
+      RUSTC_WRAPPER: sccache
+      CARGO_INCREMENTAL: "0"
+      SCCACHE_CACHE_SIZE: 10G
+
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        include:
+          - runner: macos-14
+            target: aarch64-apple-darwin
+            profile: dev
+          - runner: ubuntu-24.04
+            target: x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
+            profile: dev
+          - runner: ubuntu-24.04-arm
+            target: aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu
+            profile: dev
+          - runner: windows-latest
+            target: x86_64-pc-windows-msvc
+            profile: dev
+          - runner: windows-11-arm
+            target: aarch64-pc-windows-msvc
+            profile: dev
+
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
+      - uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@1.90
+        with:
+          targets: ${{ matrix.target }}
+
+      - name: Restore cargo home cache
+        id: cache_cargo_home_restore
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
+        with:
+          path: |
+            ~/.cargo/bin/
+            ~/.cargo/registry/index/
+            ~/.cargo/registry/cache/
+            ~/.cargo/git/db/
+          key: cargo-home-${{ matrix.runner }}-${{ matrix.target }}-${{ matrix.profile }}-${{ hashFiles('**/Cargo.lock') }}-${{ hashFiles('codex-rs/rust-toolchain.toml') }}
+          restore-keys: |
+            cargo-home-${{ matrix.runner }}-${{ matrix.target }}-${{ matrix.profile }}-
+
+      - name: Install sccache
+        uses: taiki-e/install-action@44c6d64aa62cd779e873306675c7a58e86d6d532 # v2
+        with:
+          tool: sccache
+          version: 0.7.5
+
+      - name: Configure sccache backend
+        shell: bash
+        run: |
+          set -euo pipefail
+          if [[ -n "${ACTIONS_CACHE_URL:-}" && -n "${ACTIONS_RUNTIME_TOKEN:-}" ]]; then
+            echo "SCCACHE_GHA_ENABLED=true" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
+            echo "Using sccache GitHub backend"
+          else
+            echo "SCCACHE_GHA_ENABLED=false" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
+            echo "SCCACHE_DIR=${{ github.workspace }}/.sccache" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
+            echo "Using sccache local disk + actions/cache fallback"
+          fi
+
+      - name: Restore sccache cache (fallback)
+        if: ${{ env.SCCACHE_GHA_ENABLED != 'true' }}
+        id: cache_sccache_restore
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
+        with:
+          path: ${{ github.workspace }}/.sccache/
+          key: sccache-${{ matrix.runner }}-${{ matrix.target }}-${{ matrix.profile }}-${{ hashFiles('**/Cargo.lock') }}-${{ github.run_id }}
+          restore-keys: |
+            sccache-${{ matrix.runner }}-${{ matrix.target }}-${{ matrix.profile }}-${{ hashFiles('**/Cargo.lock') }}-
+            sccache-${{ matrix.runner }}-${{ matrix.target }}-${{ matrix.profile }}-
+
+      - uses: taiki-e/install-action@44c6d64aa62cd779e873306675c7a58e86d6d532 # v2
+        with:
+          tool: nextest
+          version: 0.9.103
+
+      - name: tests
+        id: test
+        continue-on-error: true
+        run: cargo nextest run --all-features --no-fail-fast --target ${{ matrix.target }} --cargo-profile ci-test
+        env:
+          RUST_BACKTRACE: 1
+
+      - name: Save cargo home cache
+        if: always() && !cancelled() && steps.cache_cargo_home_restore.outputs.cache-hit != 'true'
+        continue-on-error: true
+        uses: actions/cache/save@v4
+        with:
+          path: |
+            ~/.cargo/bin/
+            ~/.cargo/registry/index/
+            ~/.cargo/registry/cache/
+            ~/.cargo/git/db/
+          key: cargo-home-${{ matrix.runner }}-${{ matrix.target }}-${{ matrix.profile }}-${{ hashFiles('**/Cargo.lock') }}-${{ hashFiles('codex-rs/rust-toolchain.toml') }}
+
+      - name: Save sccache cache (fallback)
+        if: always() && !cancelled() && env.SCCACHE_GHA_ENABLED != 'true'
+        continue-on-error: true
+        uses: actions/cache/save@v4
+        with:
+          path: ${{ github.workspace }}/.sccache/
+          key: sccache-${{ matrix.runner }}-${{ matrix.target }}-${{ matrix.profile }}-${{ hashFiles('**/Cargo.lock') }}-${{ github.run_id }}
+
+      - name: sccache stats
+        if: always()
+        continue-on-error: true
+        run: sccache --show-stats || true
+
+      - name: sccache summary
+        if: always()
+        shell: bash
+        run: |
+          {
+            echo "### sccache stats — ${{ matrix.target }} (tests)";
+            echo;
+            echo '```';
+            sccache --show-stats || true;
+            echo '```';
+          } >> "$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+
+      - name: verify tests passed
+        if: steps.test.outcome == 'failure'
+        run: |
+          echo "Tests failed. See logs for details."
           exit 1
 
   # --- Gatherer job that you mark as the ONLY required status -----------------
   results:
     name: CI results (required)
-    needs: [changed, general, cargo_shear, lint_build_test]
+    needs: [changed, general, cargo_shear, lint_build, tests]
     if: always()
     runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
     steps:
@@ -252,7 +466,8 @@ jobs:
         run: |
           echo "general: ${{ needs.general.result }}"
           echo "shear  : ${{ needs.cargo_shear.result }}"
-          echo "matrix : ${{ needs.lint_build_test.result }}"
+          echo "lint   : ${{ needs.lint_build.result }}"
+          echo "tests  : ${{ needs.tests.result }}"
 
           # If nothing relevant changed (PR touching only root README, etc.),
           # declare success regardless of other jobs.
@@ -264,4 +479,10 @@ jobs:
           # Otherwise require the jobs to have succeeded
           [[ '${{ needs.general.result }}' == 'success' ]] || { echo 'general failed'; exit 1; }
           [[ '${{ needs.cargo_shear.result }}' == 'success' ]] || { echo 'cargo_shear failed'; exit 1; }
-          [[ '${{ needs.lint_build_test.result }}' == 'success' ]] || { echo 'matrix failed'; exit 1; }
+          [[ '${{ needs.lint_build.result }}' == 'success' ]] || { echo 'lint_build failed'; exit 1; }
+          [[ '${{ needs.tests.result }}' == 'success' ]] || { echo 'tests failed'; exit 1; }
+
+      - name: sccache summary note
+        if: always()
+        run: |
+          echo "Per-job sccache stats are attached to each matrix job's Step Summary."

.github/workflows/rust-release.yml

@@ -295,6 +295,15 @@ jobs:
           # ${{ matrix.target }}
           dest="dist/${{ matrix.target }}"
 
+          # We want to ship the raw Windows executables in the GitHub Release
+          # in addition to the compressed archives. Keep the originals for
+          # Windows targets; remove them elsewhere to limit the number of
+          # artifacts that end up in the GitHub Release.
+          keep_originals=false
+          if [[ "${{ matrix.runner }}" == windows* ]]; then
+            keep_originals=true
+          fi
+
           # For compatibility with environments that lack the `zstd` tool we
           # additionally create a `.tar.gz` for all platforms and `.zip` for
           # Windows alongside every single binary that we publish. The end result is:
@@ -324,7 +333,11 @@ jobs:
 
             # Also create .zst (existing behaviour) *and* remove the original
             # uncompressed binary to keep the directory small.
-            zstd -T0 -19 --rm "$dest/$base"
+            zstd_args=(-T0 -19)
+            if [[ "${keep_originals}" == false ]]; then
+              zstd_args+=(--rm)
+            fi
+            zstd "${zstd_args[@]}" "$dest/$base"
           done
 
       - name: Remove signing keychain
@@ -350,7 +363,7 @@ jobs:
             fi
           fi
 
-      - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+      - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v5
         with:
           name: ${{ matrix.target }}
           # Upload the per-binary .zst files as well as the new .tar.gz

AGENTS.md

@@ -84,6 +84,7 @@ If you don’t have the tool:
 - Use `ResponseMock::single_request()` when a test should only issue one POST, or `ResponseMock::requests()` to inspect every captured `ResponsesRequest`.
 - `ResponsesRequest` exposes helpers (`body_json`, `input`, `function_call_output`, `custom_tool_call_output`, `call_output`, `header`, `path`, `query_param`) so assertions can target structured payloads instead of manual JSON digging.
 - Build SSE payloads with the provided `ev_*` constructors and the `sse(...)`.
+- Prefer `wait_for_event` over `wait_for_event_with_timeout`.
 
 - Typical pattern:
 

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -1 +1 @@
-The changelog can be found on the [releases page](https://github.com/openai/codex/releases)
+The changelog can be found on the [releases page](https://github.com/openai/codex/releases).

README.md

@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ Then simply run `codex` to get started:
 codex
 ```
 
-If you're running into upgrade issues with Homebrew, see the [FAQ entry on brew upgrade codex](./docs/faq.md#brew-update-codex-isnt-upgrading-me).
+If you're running into upgrade issues with Homebrew, see the [FAQ entry on brew upgrade codex](./docs/faq.md#brew-upgrade-codex-isnt-upgrading-me).
 
 <details>
 <summary>You can also go to the <a href="https://github.com/openai/codex/releases/latest">latest GitHub Release</a> and download the appropriate binary for your platform.</summary>
@@ -75,11 +75,13 @@ Codex CLI supports a rich set of configuration options, with preferences stored
 
 - [**Getting started**](./docs/getting-started.md)
   - [CLI usage](./docs/getting-started.md#cli-usage)
+  - [Slash Commands](./docs/slash_commands.md)
   - [Running with a prompt as input](./docs/getting-started.md#running-with-a-prompt-as-input)
   - [Example prompts](./docs/getting-started.md#example-prompts)
   - [Custom prompts](./docs/prompts.md)
   - [Memory with AGENTS.md](./docs/getting-started.md#memory-with-agentsmd)
-  - [Configuration](./docs/config.md)
+- [**Configuration**](./docs/config.md)
+  - [Example config](./docs/example-config.md)
 - [**Sandbox & approvals**](./docs/sandbox.md)
 - [**Authentication**](./docs/authentication.md)
   - [Auth methods](./docs/authentication.md#forcing-a-specific-auth-method-advanced)

codex-rs/.cargo/config.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+[target.'cfg(all(windows, target_env = "msvc"))']
+rustflags = ["-C", "link-arg=/STACK:8388608"]
+
+[target.'cfg(all(windows, target_env = "gnu"))']
+rustflags = ["-C", "link-arg=-Wl,--stack,8388608"]

codex-rs/Cargo.toml

@@ -16,8 +16,8 @@ members = [
     "core",
     "exec",
     "execpolicy",
+    "keyring-store",
     "file-search",
-    "git-tooling",
     "linux-sandbox",
     "login",
     "mcp-server",
@@ -25,16 +25,17 @@ members = [
     "ollama",
     "process-hardening",
     "protocol",
-    "protocol-ts",
     "rmcp-client",
     "responses-api-proxy",
     "stdio-to-uds",
     "otel",
     "tui",
-    "git-apply",
+    "utils/git",
+    "utils/cache",
+    "utils/image",
     "utils/json-to-toml",
-    "utils/readiness",
     "utils/pty",
+    "utils/readiness",
     "utils/string",
     "utils/tokenizer",
 ]
@@ -64,7 +65,8 @@ codex-core = { path = "core" }
 codex-exec = { path = "exec" }
 codex-feedback = { path = "feedback" }
 codex-file-search = { path = "file-search" }
-codex-git-tooling = { path = "git-tooling" }
+codex-git = { path = "utils/git" }
+codex-keyring-store = { path = "keyring-store" }
 codex-linux-sandbox = { path = "linux-sandbox" }
 codex-login = { path = "login" }
 codex-mcp-server = { path = "mcp-server" }
@@ -72,16 +74,18 @@ codex-ollama = { path = "ollama" }
 codex-otel = { path = "otel" }
 codex-process-hardening = { path = "process-hardening" }
 codex-protocol = { path = "protocol" }
-codex-protocol-ts = { path = "protocol-ts" }
 codex-responses-api-proxy = { path = "responses-api-proxy" }
 codex-rmcp-client = { path = "rmcp-client" }
 codex-stdio-to-uds = { path = "stdio-to-uds" }
 codex-tui = { path = "tui" }
+codex-utils-cache = { path = "utils/cache" }
+codex-utils-image = { path = "utils/image" }
 codex-utils-json-to-toml = { path = "utils/json-to-toml" }
 codex-utils-pty = { path = "utils/pty" }
 codex-utils-readiness = { path = "utils/readiness" }
 codex-utils-string = { path = "utils/string" }
 codex-utils-tokenizer = { path = "utils/tokenizer" }
+codex-windows-sandbox = { path = "windows-sandbox-rs" }
 core_test_support = { path = "core/tests/common" }
 mcp-types = { path = "mcp-types" }
 mcp_test_support = { path = "mcp-server/tests/common" }
@@ -90,8 +94,8 @@ mcp_test_support = { path = "mcp-server/tests/common" }
 allocative = "0.3.3"
 ansi-to-tui = "7.0.0"
 anyhow = "1"
-arboard = "3"
-askama = "0.12"
+arboard = { version = "3", features = ["wayland-data-control"] }
+askama = "0.14"
 assert_cmd = "2"
 assert_matches = "1.5.0"
 async-channel = "2.3.1"
@@ -117,11 +121,12 @@ escargot = "0.5"
 eventsource-stream = "0.2.3"
 futures = { version = "0.3", default-features = false }
 http = "1.3.1"
-icu_decimal = "2.0.0"
-icu_locale_core = "2.0.0"
+icu_decimal = "2.1"
+icu_provider = { version = "2.1", features = ["sync"] }
+icu_locale_core = "2.1"
 ignore = "0.4.23"
 image = { version = "^0.25.8", default-features = false }
-indexmap = "2.6.0"
+indexmap = "2.12.0"
 insta = "1.43.2"
 itertools = "0.14.0"
 keyring = "3.6"
@@ -129,6 +134,7 @@ landlock = "0.4.1"
 lazy_static = "1"
 libc = "0.2.175"
 log = "0.4"
+lru = "0.12.5"
 maplit = "1.0.2"
 mime_guess = "2.0.5"
 multimap = "0.10.0"
@@ -154,7 +160,7 @@ ratatui = "0.29.0"
 ratatui-macros = "0.6.0"
 regex-lite = "0.1.7"
 reqwest = "0.12"
-rmcp = { version = "0.8.3", default-features = false }
+rmcp = { version = "0.8.5", default-features = false }
 schemars = "0.8.22"
 seccompiler = "0.5.0"
 sentry = "0.34.0"
@@ -174,7 +180,7 @@ sys-locale = "0.3.2"
 tempfile = "3.23.0"
 test-log = "0.2.18"
 textwrap = "0.16.2"
-thiserror = "2.0.16"
+thiserror = "2.0.17"
 time = "0.3"
 tiny_http = "0.12"
 tokio = "1"
@@ -203,8 +209,9 @@ walkdir = "2.5.0"
 webbrowser = "1.0"
 which = "6"
 wildmatch = "2.5.0"
+
 wiremock = "0.6"
-zeroize = "1.8.1"
+zeroize = "1.8.2"
 
 [workspace.lints]
 rust = {}
@@ -247,7 +254,12 @@ unwrap_used = "deny"
 # cargo-shear cannot see the platform-specific openssl-sys usage, so we
 # silence the false positive here instead of deleting a real dependency.
 [workspace.metadata.cargo-shear]
-ignored = ["openssl-sys", "codex-utils-readiness", "codex-utils-tokenizer"]
+ignored = [
+    "icu_provider",
+    "openssl-sys",
+    "codex-utils-readiness",
+    "codex-utils-tokenizer",
+]
 
 [profile.release]
 lto = "fat"
@@ -267,6 +279,7 @@ opt-level = 0
 # Uncomment to debug local changes.
 # ratatui = { path = "../../ratatui" }
 ratatui = { git = "https://github.com/nornagon/ratatui", branch = "nornagon-v0.29.0-patch" }
+crossterm = { git = "https://github.com/nornagon/crossterm", branch = "nornagon/color-query" }
 
 # Uncomment to debug local changes.
 # rmcp = { path = "../../rust-sdk/crates/rmcp" }

codex-rs/README.md

@@ -58,13 +58,16 @@ To test to see what happens when a command is run under the sandbox provided by
 
 ```
 # macOS
-codex sandbox macos [--full-auto] [COMMAND]...
+codex sandbox macos [--full-auto] [--log-denials] [COMMAND]...
 
 # Linux
 codex sandbox linux [--full-auto] [COMMAND]...
 
+# Windows
+codex sandbox windows [--full-auto] [COMMAND]...
+
 # Legacy aliases
-codex debug seatbelt [--full-auto] [COMMAND]...
+codex debug seatbelt [--full-auto] [--log-denials] [COMMAND]...
 codex debug landlock [--full-auto] [COMMAND]...
 ```
 

codex-rs/app-server-protocol/Cargo.toml

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ workspace = true
 anyhow = { workspace = true }
 clap = { workspace = true, features = ["derive"] }
 codex-protocol = { workspace = true }
+mcp-types = { workspace = true }
 paste = { workspace = true }
 schemars = { workspace = true }
 serde = { workspace = true, features = ["derive"] }

codex-rs/app-server-protocol/src/export.rs

@@ -2,20 +2,28 @@ use crate::ClientNotification;
 use crate::ClientRequest;
 use crate::ServerNotification;
 use crate::ServerRequest;
+use crate::export_client_notification_schemas;
+use crate::export_client_param_schemas;
 use crate::export_client_response_schemas;
 use crate::export_client_responses;
+use crate::export_server_notification_schemas;
+use crate::export_server_param_schemas;
 use crate::export_server_response_schemas;
 use crate::export_server_responses;
 use anyhow::Context;
 use anyhow::Result;
 use anyhow::anyhow;
+use codex_protocol::parse_command::ParsedCommand;
+use codex_protocol::protocol::EventMsg;
+use codex_protocol::protocol::FileChange;
+use codex_protocol::protocol::SandboxPolicy;
 use schemars::JsonSchema;
-use schemars::schema::RootSchema;
 use schemars::schema_for;
 use serde::Serialize;
 use serde_json::Map;
 use serde_json::Value;
-use std::collections::BTreeMap;
+use std::collections::HashMap;
+use std::collections::HashSet;
 use std::ffi::OsStr;
 use std::fs;
 use std::io::Read;
@@ -23,101 +31,33 @@ use std::io::Write;
 use std::path::Path;
 use std::path::PathBuf;
 use std::process::Command;
-use ts_rs::ExportError;
 use ts_rs::TS;
 
 const HEADER: &str = "// GENERATED CODE! DO NOT MODIFY BY HAND!\n\n";
 
-macro_rules! for_each_schema_type {
-    ($macro:ident) => {
-        $macro!(crate::RequestId);
-        $macro!(crate::JSONRPCMessage);
-        $macro!(crate::JSONRPCRequest);
-        $macro!(crate::JSONRPCNotification);
-        $macro!(crate::JSONRPCResponse);
-        $macro!(crate::JSONRPCError);
-        $macro!(crate::JSONRPCErrorError);
-        $macro!(crate::AddConversationListenerParams);
-        $macro!(crate::AddConversationSubscriptionResponse);
-        $macro!(crate::ApplyPatchApprovalParams);
-        $macro!(crate::ApplyPatchApprovalResponse);
-        $macro!(crate::ArchiveConversationParams);
-        $macro!(crate::ArchiveConversationResponse);
-        $macro!(crate::AuthMode);
-        $macro!(crate::AuthStatusChangeNotification);
-        $macro!(crate::CancelLoginChatGptParams);
-        $macro!(crate::CancelLoginChatGptResponse);
-        $macro!(crate::ClientInfo);
-        $macro!(crate::ClientNotification);
-        $macro!(crate::ClientRequest);
-        $macro!(crate::ConversationSummary);
-        $macro!(crate::ExecCommandApprovalParams);
-        $macro!(crate::ExecCommandApprovalResponse);
-        $macro!(crate::ExecOneOffCommandParams);
-        $macro!(crate::ExecOneOffCommandResponse);
-        $macro!(crate::FuzzyFileSearchParams);
-        $macro!(crate::FuzzyFileSearchResponse);
-        $macro!(crate::FuzzyFileSearchResult);
-        $macro!(crate::GetAuthStatusParams);
-        $macro!(crate::GetAuthStatusResponse);
-        $macro!(crate::GetUserAgentResponse);
-        $macro!(crate::GetUserSavedConfigResponse);
-        $macro!(crate::GitDiffToRemoteParams);
-        $macro!(crate::GitDiffToRemoteResponse);
-        $macro!(crate::GitSha);
-        $macro!(crate::InitializeParams);
-        $macro!(crate::InitializeResponse);
-        $macro!(crate::InputItem);
-        $macro!(crate::InterruptConversationParams);
-        $macro!(crate::InterruptConversationResponse);
-        $macro!(crate::ListConversationsParams);
-        $macro!(crate::ListConversationsResponse);
-        $macro!(crate::LoginApiKeyParams);
-        $macro!(crate::LoginApiKeyResponse);
-        $macro!(crate::LoginChatGptCompleteNotification);
-        $macro!(crate::LoginChatGptResponse);
-        $macro!(crate::LogoutChatGptParams);
-        $macro!(crate::LogoutChatGptResponse);
-        $macro!(crate::NewConversationParams);
-        $macro!(crate::NewConversationResponse);
-        $macro!(crate::Profile);
-        $macro!(crate::RemoveConversationListenerParams);
-        $macro!(crate::RemoveConversationSubscriptionResponse);
-        $macro!(crate::ResumeConversationParams);
-        $macro!(crate::ResumeConversationResponse);
-        $macro!(crate::SandboxSettings);
-        $macro!(crate::SendUserMessageParams);
-        $macro!(crate::SendUserMessageResponse);
-        $macro!(crate::SendUserTurnParams);
-        $macro!(crate::SendUserTurnResponse);
-        $macro!(crate::ServerNotification);
-        $macro!(crate::ServerRequest);
-        $macro!(crate::SessionConfiguredNotification);
-        $macro!(crate::SetDefaultModelParams);
-        $macro!(crate::SetDefaultModelResponse);
-        $macro!(crate::Tools);
-        $macro!(crate::UserInfoResponse);
-        $macro!(crate::UserSavedConfig);
-        $macro!(codex_protocol::protocol::EventMsg);
-        $macro!(codex_protocol::protocol::FileChange);
-        $macro!(codex_protocol::parse_command::ParsedCommand);
-        $macro!(codex_protocol::protocol::SandboxPolicy);
-    };
+#[derive(Clone)]
+pub struct GeneratedSchema {
+    namespace: Option<String>,
+    logical_name: String,
+    value: Value,
+    in_v1_dir: bool,
 }
 
-fn export_ts_with_context<F>(label: &str, export: F) -> Result<()>
-where
-    F: FnOnce() -> std::result::Result<(), ExportError>,
-{
-    match export() {
-        Ok(()) => Ok(()),
-        Err(ExportError::CannotBeExported(ty)) => Err(anyhow!(
-            "failed to export {label}: dependency {ty} cannot be exported"
-        )),
-        Err(err) => Err(err.into()),
+impl GeneratedSchema {
+    fn namespace(&self) -> Option<&str> {
+        self.namespace.as_deref()
+    }
+
+    fn logical_name(&self) -> &str {
+        &self.logical_name
+    }
+
+    fn value(&self) -> &Value {
+        &self.value
     }
 }
 
+type JsonSchemaEmitter = fn(&Path) -> Result<GeneratedSchema>;
 pub fn generate_types(out_dir: &Path, prettier: Option<&Path>) -> Result<()> {
     generate_ts(out_dir, prettier)?;
     generate_json(out_dir)?;
@@ -125,32 +65,35 @@ pub fn generate_types(out_dir: &Path, prettier: Option<&Path>) -> Result<()> {
 }
 
 pub fn generate_ts(out_dir: &Path, prettier: Option<&Path>) -> Result<()> {
+    let v2_out_dir = out_dir.join("v2");
     ensure_dir(out_dir)?;
+    ensure_dir(&v2_out_dir)?;
 
-    export_ts_with_context("ClientRequest", || ClientRequest::export_all_to(out_dir))?;
-    export_ts_with_context("client responses", || export_client_responses(out_dir))?;
-    export_ts_with_context("ClientNotification", || {
-        ClientNotification::export_all_to(out_dir)
-    })?;
+    ClientRequest::export_all_to(out_dir)?;
+    export_client_responses(out_dir)?;
+    ClientNotification::export_all_to(out_dir)?;
 
-    export_ts_with_context("ServerRequest", || ServerRequest::export_all_to(out_dir))?;
-    export_ts_with_context("server responses", || export_server_responses(out_dir))?;
-    export_ts_with_context("ServerNotification", || {
-        ServerNotification::export_all_to(out_dir)
-    })?;
+    ServerRequest::export_all_to(out_dir)?;
+    export_server_responses(out_dir)?;
+    ServerNotification::export_all_to(out_dir)?;
 
     generate_index_ts(out_dir)?;
+    generate_index_ts(&v2_out_dir)?;
 
-    let ts_files = ts_files_in(out_dir)?;
+    // Ensure our header is present on all TS files (root + subdirs like v2/).
+    let ts_files = ts_files_in_recursive(out_dir)?;
     for file in &ts_files {
         prepend_header_if_missing(file)?;
     }
 
+    // Optionally run Prettier on all generated TS files.
     if let Some(prettier_bin) = prettier
         && !ts_files.is_empty()
     {
         let status = Command::new(prettier_bin)
             .arg("--write")
+            .arg("--log-level")
+            .arg("warn")
             .args(ts_files.iter().map(|p| p.as_os_str()))
             .status()
             .with_context(|| format!("Failed to invoke Prettier at {}", prettier_bin.display()))?;
@@ -164,23 +107,47 @@ pub fn generate_ts(out_dir: &Path, prettier: Option<&Path>) -> Result<()> {
 
 pub fn generate_json(out_dir: &Path) -> Result<()> {
     ensure_dir(out_dir)?;
-    let mut bundle: BTreeMap<String, RootSchema> = BTreeMap::new();
+    let envelope_emitters: &[JsonSchemaEmitter] = &[
+        |d| write_json_schema_with_return::<crate::RequestId>(d, "RequestId"),
+        |d| write_json_schema_with_return::<crate::JSONRPCMessage>(d, "JSONRPCMessage"),
+        |d| write_json_schema_with_return::<crate::JSONRPCRequest>(d, "JSONRPCRequest"),
+        |d| write_json_schema_with_return::<crate::JSONRPCNotification>(d, "JSONRPCNotification"),
+        |d| write_json_schema_with_return::<crate::JSONRPCResponse>(d, "JSONRPCResponse"),
+        |d| write_json_schema_with_return::<crate::JSONRPCError>(d, "JSONRPCError"),
+        |d| write_json_schema_with_return::<crate::JSONRPCErrorError>(d, "JSONRPCErrorError"),
+        |d| write_json_schema_with_return::<crate::ClientRequest>(d, "ClientRequest"),
+        |d| write_json_schema_with_return::<crate::ServerRequest>(d, "ServerRequest"),
+        |d| write_json_schema_with_return::<crate::ClientNotification>(d, "ClientNotification"),
+        |d| write_json_schema_with_return::<crate::ServerNotification>(d, "ServerNotification"),
+        |d| write_json_schema_with_return::<EventMsg>(d, "EventMsg"),
+        |d| write_json_schema_with_return::<FileChange>(d, "FileChange"),
+        |d| write_json_schema_with_return::<crate::protocol::v1::InputItem>(d, "InputItem"),
+        |d| write_json_schema_with_return::<ParsedCommand>(d, "ParsedCommand"),
+        |d| write_json_schema_with_return::<SandboxPolicy>(d, "SandboxPolicy"),
+    ];
 
-    macro_rules! add_schema {
-        ($ty:path) => {{
-            let name = type_basename(stringify!($ty));
-            let schema = write_json_schema_with_return::<$ty>(out_dir, &name)?;
-            bundle.insert(name, schema);
-        }};
+    let mut schemas: Vec<GeneratedSchema> = Vec::new();
+    for emit in envelope_emitters {
+        schemas.push(emit(out_dir)?);
     }
 
-    for_each_schema_type!(add_schema);
+    schemas.extend(export_client_param_schemas(out_dir)?);
+    schemas.extend(export_client_response_schemas(out_dir)?);
+    schemas.extend(export_server_param_schemas(out_dir)?);
+    schemas.extend(export_server_response_schemas(out_dir)?);
+    schemas.extend(export_client_notification_schemas(out_dir)?);
+    schemas.extend(export_server_notification_schemas(out_dir)?);
 
-    export_client_response_schemas(out_dir)?;
-    export_server_response_schemas(out_dir)?;
+    let bundle = build_schema_bundle(schemas)?;
+    write_pretty_json(
+        out_dir.join("codex_app_server_protocol.schemas.json"),
+        &bundle,
+    )?;
 
-    let mut definitions = Map::new();
+    Ok(())
+}
 
+fn build_schema_bundle(schemas: Vec<GeneratedSchema>) -> Result<Value> {
     const SPECIAL_DEFINITIONS: &[&str] = &[
         "ClientNotification",
         "ClientRequest",
@@ -193,30 +160,62 @@ pub fn generate_json(out_dir: &Path) -> Result<()> {
         "ServerRequest",
     ];
 
-    for (name, schema) in bundle {
-        let mut schema_value = serde_json::to_value(schema)?;
-        if let Value::Object(ref mut obj) = schema_value {
-            if let Some(defs) = obj.remove("definitions")
-                && let Value::Object(defs_obj) = defs
-            {
-                for (def_name, def_schema) in defs_obj {
-                    if !SPECIAL_DEFINITIONS.contains(&def_name.as_str()) {
-                        definitions.insert(def_name, def_schema);
-                    }
-                }
-            }
+    let namespaced_types = collect_namespaced_types(&schemas);
+    let mut definitions = Map::new();
 
-            if let Some(Value::Array(one_of)) = obj.get_mut("oneOf") {
-                for variant in one_of.iter_mut() {
-                    if let Some(variant_name) = variant_definition_name(&name, variant)
-                        && let Value::Object(variant_obj) = variant
+    for schema in schemas {
+        let GeneratedSchema {
+            namespace,
+            logical_name,
+            mut value,
+            in_v1_dir,
+        } = schema;
+
+        if let Some(ref ns) = namespace {
+            rewrite_refs_to_namespace(&mut value, ns);
+        }
+
+        let mut forced_namespace_refs: Vec<(String, String)> = Vec::new();
+        if let Value::Object(ref mut obj) = value
+            && let Some(defs) = obj.remove("definitions")
+            && let Value::Object(defs_obj) = defs
+        {
+            for (def_name, mut def_schema) in defs_obj {
+                if SPECIAL_DEFINITIONS.contains(&def_name.as_str()) {
+                    continue;
+                }
+                annotate_schema(&mut def_schema, Some(def_name.as_str()));
+                let target_namespace = match namespace {
+                    Some(ref ns) => Some(ns.clone()),
+                    None => namespace_for_definition(&def_name, &namespaced_types)
+                        .cloned()
+                        .filter(|_| !in_v1_dir),
+                };
+                if let Some(ref ns) = target_namespace {
+                    if namespace.as_deref() == Some(ns.as_str()) {
+                        rewrite_refs_to_namespace(&mut def_schema, ns);
+                        insert_into_namespace(&mut definitions, ns, def_name.clone(), def_schema)?;
+                    } else if !forced_namespace_refs
+                        .iter()
+                        .any(|(name, existing_ns)| name == &def_name && existing_ns == ns)
                     {
-                        variant_obj.insert("title".into(), Value::String(variant_name));
+                        forced_namespace_refs.push((def_name.clone(), ns.clone()));
                     }
+                } else {
+                    definitions.insert(def_name, def_schema);
                 }
             }
         }
-        definitions.insert(name, schema_value);
+
+        for (name, ns) in forced_namespace_refs {
+            rewrite_named_ref_to_namespace(&mut value, &ns, &name);
+        }
+
+        if let Some(ref ns) = namespace {
+            insert_into_namespace(&mut definitions, ns, logical_name.clone(), value)?;
+        } else {
+            definitions.insert(logical_name, value);
+        }
     }
 
     let mut root = Map::new();
@@ -231,30 +230,66 @@ pub fn generate_json(out_dir: &Path) -> Result<()> {
     root.insert("type".to_string(), Value::String("object".into()));
     root.insert("definitions".to_string(), Value::Object(definitions));
 
-    write_pretty_json(
-        out_dir.join("codex_app_server_protocol.schemas.json"),
-        &Value::Object(root),
-    )?;
-
-    Ok(())
+    Ok(Value::Object(root))
 }
 
-fn write_json_schema_with_return<T>(out_dir: &Path, name: &str) -> Result<RootSchema>
+fn insert_into_namespace(
+    definitions: &mut Map<String, Value>,
+    namespace: &str,
+    name: String,
+    schema: Value,
+) -> Result<()> {
+    let entry = definitions
+        .entry(namespace.to_string())
+        .or_insert_with(|| Value::Object(Map::new()));
+    match entry {
+        Value::Object(map) => {
+            map.insert(name, schema);
+            Ok(())
+        }
+        _ => Err(anyhow!("expected namespace {namespace} to be an object")),
+    }
+}
+
+fn write_json_schema_with_return<T>(out_dir: &Path, name: &str) -> Result<GeneratedSchema>
 where
     T: JsonSchema,
 {
     let file_stem = name.trim();
     let schema = schema_for!(T);
-    write_pretty_json(out_dir.join(format!("{file_stem}.json")), &schema)
+    let mut schema_value = serde_json::to_value(schema)?;
+    annotate_schema(&mut schema_value, Some(file_stem));
+    // If the name looks like a namespaced path (e.g., "v2::Type"), mirror
+    // the TypeScript layout and write to out_dir/v2/Type.json. Otherwise
+    // write alongside the legacy files.
+    let (raw_namespace, logical_name) = split_namespace(file_stem);
+    let out_path = if let Some(ns) = raw_namespace {
+        let dir = out_dir.join(ns);
+        ensure_dir(&dir)?;
+        dir.join(format!("{logical_name}.json"))
+    } else {
+        out_dir.join(format!("{file_stem}.json"))
+    };
+
+    write_pretty_json(out_path, &schema_value)
         .with_context(|| format!("Failed to write JSON schema for {file_stem}"))?;
-    Ok(schema)
+    let namespace = match raw_namespace {
+        Some("v1") | None => None,
+        Some(ns) => Some(ns.to_string()),
+    };
+    Ok(GeneratedSchema {
+        in_v1_dir: raw_namespace == Some("v1"),
+        namespace,
+        logical_name: logical_name.to_string(),
+        value: schema_value,
+    })
 }
 
-pub(crate) fn write_json_schema<T>(out_dir: &Path, name: &str) -> Result<()>
+pub(crate) fn write_json_schema<T>(out_dir: &Path, name: &str) -> Result<GeneratedSchema>
 where
     T: JsonSchema,
 {
-    write_json_schema_with_return::<T>(out_dir, name).map(|_| ())
+    write_json_schema_with_return::<T>(out_dir, name)
 }
 
 fn write_pretty_json(path: PathBuf, value: &impl Serialize) -> Result<()> {
@@ -263,13 +298,73 @@ fn write_pretty_json(path: PathBuf, value: &impl Serialize) -> Result<()> {
     fs::write(&path, json).with_context(|| format!("Failed to write {}", path.display()))?;
     Ok(())
 }
-fn type_basename(type_path: &str) -> String {
-    type_path
-        .rsplit_once("::")
-        .map(|(_, name)| name)
-        .unwrap_or(type_path)
-        .trim()
-        .to_string()
+
+/// Split a fully-qualified type name like "v2::Type" into its namespace and logical name.
+fn split_namespace(name: &str) -> (Option<&str>, &str) {
+    name.split_once("::")
+        .map_or((None, name), |(ns, rest)| (Some(ns), rest))
+}
+
+/// Recursively rewrite $ref values that point at "#/definitions/..." so that
+/// they point to a namespaced location under the bundle.
+fn rewrite_refs_to_namespace(value: &mut Value, ns: &str) {
+    match value {
+        Value::Object(obj) => {
+            if let Some(Value::String(r)) = obj.get_mut("$ref")
+                && let Some(suffix) = r.strip_prefix("#/definitions/")
+            {
+                let prefix = format!("{ns}/");
+                if !suffix.starts_with(&prefix) {
+                    *r = format!("#/definitions/{ns}/{suffix}");
+                }
+            }
+            for v in obj.values_mut() {
+                rewrite_refs_to_namespace(v, ns);
+            }
+        }
+        Value::Array(items) => {
+            for v in items.iter_mut() {
+                rewrite_refs_to_namespace(v, ns);
+            }
+        }
+        _ => {}
+    }
+}
+
+fn collect_namespaced_types(schemas: &[GeneratedSchema]) -> HashMap<String, String> {
+    let mut types = HashMap::new();
+    for schema in schemas {
+        if let Some(ns) = schema.namespace() {
+            types
+                .entry(schema.logical_name().to_string())
+                .or_insert_with(|| ns.to_string());
+            if let Some(Value::Object(defs)) = schema.value().get("definitions") {
+                for key in defs.keys() {
+                    types.entry(key.clone()).or_insert_with(|| ns.to_string());
+                }
+            }
+            if let Some(Value::Object(defs)) = schema.value().get("$defs") {
+                for key in defs.keys() {
+                    types.entry(key.clone()).or_insert_with(|| ns.to_string());
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    types
+}
+
+fn namespace_for_definition<'a>(
+    name: &str,
+    types: &'a HashMap<String, String>,
+) -> Option<&'a String> {
+    if let Some(ns) = types.get(name) {
+        return Some(ns);
+    }
+    let trimmed = name.trim_end_matches(|c: char| c.is_ascii_digit());
+    if trimmed != name {
+        return types.get(trimmed);
+    }
+    None
 }
 
 fn variant_definition_name(base: &str, variant: &Value) -> Option<String> {
@@ -319,11 +414,147 @@ fn variant_definition_name(base: &str, variant: &Value) -> Option<String> {
 }
 
 fn literal_from_property<'a>(props: &'a Map<String, Value>, key: &str) -> Option<&'a str> {
-    props
-        .get(key)
-        .and_then(|value| value.get("enum"))
-        .and_then(Value::as_array)
-        .and_then(|arr| arr.first())
+    props.get(key).and_then(string_literal)
+}
+
+fn string_literal(value: &Value) -> Option<&str> {
+    value.get("const").and_then(Value::as_str).or_else(|| {
+        value
+            .get("enum")
+            .and_then(Value::as_array)
+            .and_then(|arr| arr.first())
+            .and_then(Value::as_str)
+    })
+}
+
+fn annotate_schema(value: &mut Value, base: Option<&str>) {
+    match value {
+        Value::Object(map) => annotate_object(map, base),
+        Value::Array(items) => {
+            for item in items {
+                annotate_schema(item, base);
+            }
+        }
+        _ => {}
+    }
+}
+
+fn annotate_object(map: &mut Map<String, Value>, base: Option<&str>) {
+    let owner = map.get("title").and_then(Value::as_str).map(str::to_owned);
+    if let Some(owner) = owner.as_deref()
+        && let Some(Value::Object(props)) = map.get_mut("properties")
+    {
+        set_discriminator_titles(props, owner);
+    }
+
+    if let Some(Value::Array(variants)) = map.get_mut("oneOf") {
+        annotate_variant_list(variants, base);
+    }
+    if let Some(Value::Array(variants)) = map.get_mut("anyOf") {
+        annotate_variant_list(variants, base);
+    }
+
+    if let Some(Value::Object(defs)) = map.get_mut("definitions") {
+        for (name, schema) in defs.iter_mut() {
+            annotate_schema(schema, Some(name.as_str()));
+        }
+    }
+
+    if let Some(Value::Object(defs)) = map.get_mut("$defs") {
+        for (name, schema) in defs.iter_mut() {
+            annotate_schema(schema, Some(name.as_str()));
+        }
+    }
+
+    if let Some(Value::Object(props)) = map.get_mut("properties") {
+        for value in props.values_mut() {
+            annotate_schema(value, base);
+        }
+    }
+
+    if let Some(items) = map.get_mut("items") {
+        annotate_schema(items, base);
+    }
+
+    if let Some(additional) = map.get_mut("additionalProperties") {
+        annotate_schema(additional, base);
+    }
+
+    for (key, child) in map.iter_mut() {
+        match key.as_str() {
+            "oneOf"
+            | "anyOf"
+            | "definitions"
+            | "$defs"
+            | "properties"
+            | "items"
+            | "additionalProperties" => {}
+            _ => annotate_schema(child, base),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+fn annotate_variant_list(variants: &mut [Value], base: Option<&str>) {
+    let mut seen = HashSet::new();
+
+    for variant in variants.iter() {
+        if let Some(name) = variant_title(variant) {
+            seen.insert(name.to_owned());
+        }
+    }
+
+    for variant in variants.iter_mut() {
+        let mut variant_name = variant_title(variant).map(str::to_owned);
+
+        if variant_name.is_none()
+            && let Some(base_name) = base
+            && let Some(name) = variant_definition_name(base_name, variant)
+        {
+            let mut candidate = name.clone();
+            let mut index = 2;
+            while seen.contains(&candidate) {
+                candidate = format!("{name}{index}");
+                index += 1;
+            }
+            if let Some(obj) = variant.as_object_mut() {
+                obj.insert("title".into(), Value::String(candidate.clone()));
+            }
+            seen.insert(candidate.clone());
+            variant_name = Some(candidate);
+        }
+
+        if let Some(name) = variant_name.as_deref()
+            && let Some(obj) = variant.as_object_mut()
+            && let Some(Value::Object(props)) = obj.get_mut("properties")
+        {
+            set_discriminator_titles(props, name);
+        }
+
+        annotate_schema(variant, base);
+    }
+}
+
+const DISCRIMINATOR_KEYS: &[&str] = &["type", "method", "mode", "status", "role", "reason"];
+
+fn set_discriminator_titles(props: &mut Map<String, Value>, owner: &str) {
+    for key in DISCRIMINATOR_KEYS {
+        if let Some(prop_schema) = props.get_mut(*key)
+            && string_literal(prop_schema).is_some()
+            && let Value::Object(prop_obj) = prop_schema
+        {
+            if prop_obj.contains_key("title") {
+                continue;
+            }
+            let suffix = to_pascal_case(key);
+            prop_obj.insert("title".into(), Value::String(format!("{owner}{suffix}")));
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+fn variant_title(value: &Value) -> Option<&str> {
+    value
+        .as_object()
+        .and_then(|obj| obj.get("title"))
         .and_then(Value::as_str)
 }
 
@@ -353,6 +584,33 @@ fn ensure_dir(dir: &Path) -> Result<()> {
         .with_context(|| format!("Failed to create output directory {}", dir.display()))
 }
 
+fn rewrite_named_ref_to_namespace(value: &mut Value, ns: &str, name: &str) {
+    let direct = format!("#/definitions/{name}");
+    let prefixed = format!("{direct}/");
+    let replacement = format!("#/definitions/{ns}/{name}");
+    let replacement_prefixed = format!("{replacement}/");
+    match value {
+        Value::Object(obj) => {
+            if let Some(Value::String(reference)) = obj.get_mut("$ref") {
+                if reference == &direct {
+                    *reference = replacement;
+                } else if let Some(rest) = reference.strip_prefix(&prefixed) {
+                    *reference = format!("{replacement_prefixed}{rest}");
+                }
+            }
+            for child in obj.values_mut() {
+                rewrite_named_ref_to_namespace(child, ns, name);
+            }
+        }
+        Value::Array(items) => {
+            for child in items {
+                rewrite_named_ref_to_namespace(child, ns, name);
+            }
+        }
+        _ => {}
+    }
+}
+
 fn prepend_header_if_missing(path: &Path) -> Result<()> {
     let mut content = String::new();
     {
@@ -390,6 +648,28 @@ fn ts_files_in(dir: &Path) -> Result<Vec<PathBuf>> {
     Ok(files)
 }
 
+fn ts_files_in_recursive(dir: &Path) -> Result<Vec<PathBuf>> {
+    let mut files = Vec::new();
+    let mut stack = vec![dir.to_path_buf()];
+    while let Some(d) = stack.pop() {
+        for entry in
+            fs::read_dir(&d).with_context(|| format!("Failed to read dir {}", d.display()))?
+        {
+            let entry = entry?;
+            let path = entry.path();
+            if path.is_dir() {
+                stack.push(path);
+            } else if path.is_file() && path.extension() == Some(OsStr::new("ts")) {
+                files.push(path);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    files.sort();
+    Ok(files)
+}
+
+/// Generate an index.ts file that re-exports all generated types.
+/// This allows consumers to import all types from a single file.
 fn generate_index_ts(out_dir: &Path) -> Result<PathBuf> {
     let mut entries: Vec<String> = Vec::new();
     let mut stems: Vec<String> = ts_files_in(out_dir)?
@@ -406,6 +686,14 @@ fn generate_index_ts(out_dir: &Path) -> Result<PathBuf> {
         entries.push(format!("export type {{ {name} }} from \"./{name}\";\n"));
     }
 
+    // If this is the root out_dir and a ./v2 folder exists with TS files,
+    // expose it as a namespace to avoid symbol collisions at the root.
+    let v2_dir = out_dir.join("v2");
+    let has_v2_ts = ts_files_in(&v2_dir).map(|v| !v.is_empty()).unwrap_or(false);
+    if has_v2_ts {
+        entries.push("export * as v2 from \"./v2\";\n".to_string());
+    }
+
     let mut content =
         String::with_capacity(HEADER.len() + entries.iter().map(String::len).sum::<usize>());
     content.push_str(HEADER);
@@ -420,3 +708,205 @@ fn generate_index_ts(out_dir: &Path) -> Result<PathBuf> {
         .with_context(|| format!("Failed to write {}", index_path.display()))?;
     Ok(index_path)
 }
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+    use anyhow::Result;
+    use std::collections::BTreeSet;
+    use std::fs;
+    use std::path::PathBuf;
+    use uuid::Uuid;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn generated_ts_has_no_optional_nullable_fields() -> Result<()> {
+        // Assert that there are no types of the form "?: T | null" in the generated TS files.
+        let output_dir = std::env::temp_dir().join(format!("codex_ts_types_{}", Uuid::now_v7()));
+        fs::create_dir(&output_dir)?;
+
+        struct TempDirGuard(PathBuf);
+
+        impl Drop for TempDirGuard {
+            fn drop(&mut self) {
+                let _ = fs::remove_dir_all(&self.0);
+            }
+        }
+
+        let _guard = TempDirGuard(output_dir.clone());
+
+        generate_ts(&output_dir, None)?;
+
+        let mut undefined_offenders = Vec::new();
+        let mut optional_nullable_offenders = BTreeSet::new();
+        let mut stack = vec![output_dir];
+        while let Some(dir) = stack.pop() {
+            for entry in fs::read_dir(&dir)? {
+                let entry = entry?;
+                let path = entry.path();
+                if path.is_dir() {
+                    stack.push(path);
+                    continue;
+                }
+
+                if matches!(path.extension().and_then(|ext| ext.to_str()), Some("ts")) {
+                    let contents = fs::read_to_string(&path)?;
+                    if contents.contains("| undefined") {
+                        undefined_offenders.push(path.clone());
+                    }
+
+                    const SKIP_PREFIXES: &[&str] = &[
+                        "const ",
+                        "let ",
+                        "var ",
+                        "export const ",
+                        "export let ",
+                        "export var ",
+                    ];
+
+                    let mut search_start = 0;
+                    while let Some(idx) = contents[search_start..].find("| null") {
+                        let abs_idx = search_start + idx;
+                        // Find the property-colon for this field by scanning forward
+                        // from the start of the segment and ignoring nested braces,
+                        // brackets, and parens. This avoids colons inside nested
+                        // type literals like `{ [k in string]?: string }`.
+
+                        let line_start_idx =
+                            contents[..abs_idx].rfind('\n').map(|i| i + 1).unwrap_or(0);
+
+                        let mut segment_start_idx = line_start_idx;
+                        if let Some(rel_idx) = contents[line_start_idx..abs_idx].rfind(',') {
+                            segment_start_idx = segment_start_idx.max(line_start_idx + rel_idx + 1);
+                        }
+                        if let Some(rel_idx) = contents[line_start_idx..abs_idx].rfind('{') {
+                            segment_start_idx = segment_start_idx.max(line_start_idx + rel_idx + 1);
+                        }
+                        if let Some(rel_idx) = contents[line_start_idx..abs_idx].rfind('}') {
+                            segment_start_idx = segment_start_idx.max(line_start_idx + rel_idx + 1);
+                        }
+
+                        // Scan forward for the colon that separates the field name from its type.
+                        let mut level_brace = 0_i32;
+                        let mut level_brack = 0_i32;
+                        let mut level_paren = 0_i32;
+                        let mut in_single = false;
+                        let mut in_double = false;
+                        let mut escape = false;
+                        let mut prop_colon_idx = None;
+                        for (i, ch) in contents[segment_start_idx..abs_idx].char_indices() {
+                            let idx_abs = segment_start_idx + i;
+                            if escape {
+                                escape = false;
+                                continue;
+                            }
+                            match ch {
+                                '\\' => {
+                                    // Only treat as escape when inside a string.
+                                    if in_single || in_double {
+                                        escape = true;
+                                    }
+                                }
+                                '\'' => {
+                                    if !in_double {
+                                        in_single = !in_single;
+                                    }
+                                }
+                                '"' => {
+                                    if !in_single {
+                                        in_double = !in_double;
+                                    }
+                                }
+                                '{' if !in_single && !in_double => level_brace += 1,
+                                '}' if !in_single && !in_double => level_brace -= 1,
+                                '[' if !in_single && !in_double => level_brack += 1,
+                                ']' if !in_single && !in_double => level_brack -= 1,
+                                '(' if !in_single && !in_double => level_paren += 1,
+                                ')' if !in_single && !in_double => level_paren -= 1,
+                                ':' if !in_single
+                                    && !in_double
+                                    && level_brace == 0
+                                    && level_brack == 0
+                                    && level_paren == 0 =>
+                                {
+                                    prop_colon_idx = Some(idx_abs);
+                                    break;
+                                }
+                                _ => {}
+                            }
+                        }
+
+                        let Some(colon_idx) = prop_colon_idx else {
+                            search_start = abs_idx + 5;
+                            continue;
+                        };
+
+                        let mut field_prefix = contents[segment_start_idx..colon_idx].trim();
+                        if field_prefix.is_empty() {
+                            search_start = abs_idx + 5;
+                            continue;
+                        }
+
+                        if let Some(comment_idx) = field_prefix.rfind("*/") {
+                            field_prefix = field_prefix[comment_idx + 2..].trim_start();
+                        }
+
+                        if field_prefix.is_empty() {
+                            search_start = abs_idx + 5;
+                            continue;
+                        }
+
+                        if SKIP_PREFIXES
+                            .iter()
+                            .any(|prefix| field_prefix.starts_with(prefix))
+                        {
+                            search_start = abs_idx + 5;
+                            continue;
+                        }
+
+                        if field_prefix.contains('(') {
+                            search_start = abs_idx + 5;
+                            continue;
+                        }
+
+                        // If the last non-whitespace before ':' is '?', then this is an
+                        // optional field with a nullable type (i.e., "?: T | null"),
+                        // which we explicitly disallow.
+                        if field_prefix.chars().rev().find(|c| !c.is_whitespace()) == Some('?') {
+                            let line_number =
+                                contents[..abs_idx].chars().filter(|c| *c == '\n').count() + 1;
+                            let offending_line_end = contents[line_start_idx..]
+                                .find('\n')
+                                .map(|i| line_start_idx + i)
+                                .unwrap_or(contents.len());
+                            let offending_snippet =
+                                contents[line_start_idx..offending_line_end].trim();
+
+                            optional_nullable_offenders.insert(format!(
+                                "{}:{}: {offending_snippet}",
+                                path.display(),
+                                line_number
+                            ));
+                        }
+
+                        search_start = abs_idx + 5;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        assert!(
+            undefined_offenders.is_empty(),
+            "Generated TypeScript still includes unions with `undefined` in {undefined_offenders:?}"
+        );
+
+        // If this assertion fails, it means a field was generated as
+        // "?: T | null" — i.e., both optional (undefined) and nullable (null).
+        // We only want either "?: T" or ": T | null".
+        assert!(
+            optional_nullable_offenders.is_empty(),
+            "Generated TypeScript has optional fields with nullable types (disallowed '?: T | null'), add #[ts(optional)] to fix:\n{optional_nullable_offenders:?}"
+        );
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}

codex-rs/app-server-protocol/src/jsonrpc_lite.rs

@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@ pub struct JSONRPCRequest {
     pub id: RequestId,
     pub method: String,
     #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+    #[ts(optional)]
     pub params: Option<serde_json::Value>,
 }
 
@@ -42,6 +43,7 @@ pub struct JSONRPCRequest {
 pub struct JSONRPCNotification {
     pub method: String,
     #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+    #[ts(optional)]
     pub params: Option<serde_json::Value>,
 }
 
@@ -63,6 +65,7 @@ pub struct JSONRPCError {
 pub struct JSONRPCErrorError {
     pub code: i64,
     #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+    #[ts(optional)]
     pub data: Option<serde_json::Value>,
     pub message: String,
 }

codex-rs/app-server-protocol/src/lib.rs

@@ -6,4 +6,6 @@ pub use export::generate_json;
 pub use export::generate_ts;
 pub use export::generate_types;
 pub use jsonrpc_lite::*;
-pub use protocol::*;
+pub use protocol::common::*;
+pub use protocol::v1::*;
+pub use protocol::v2::*;

codex-rs/app-server-protocol/src/protocol/common.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,798 @@
+use std::collections::HashMap;
+use std::path::Path;
+use std::path::PathBuf;
+
+use crate::JSONRPCNotification;
+use crate::JSONRPCRequest;
+use crate::RequestId;
+use crate::export::GeneratedSchema;
+use crate::export::write_json_schema;
+use crate::protocol::v1;
+use crate::protocol::v2;
+use codex_protocol::ConversationId;
+use codex_protocol::parse_command::ParsedCommand;
+use codex_protocol::protocol::FileChange;
+use codex_protocol::protocol::ReviewDecision;
+use codex_protocol::protocol::SandboxCommandAssessment;
+use paste::paste;
+use schemars::JsonSchema;
+use serde::Deserialize;
+use serde::Serialize;
+use strum_macros::Display;
+use ts_rs::TS;
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Clone, Debug, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[ts(type = "string")]
+pub struct GitSha(pub String);
+
+impl GitSha {
+    pub fn new(sha: &str) -> Self {
+        Self(sha.to_string())
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Display, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "lowercase")]
+pub enum AuthMode {
+    ApiKey,
+    ChatGPT,
+}
+
+/// Generates an `enum ClientRequest` where each variant is a request that the
+/// client can send to the server. Each variant has associated `params` and
+/// `response` types. Also generates a `export_client_responses()` function to
+/// export all response types to TypeScript.
+macro_rules! client_request_definitions {
+    (
+        $(
+            $(#[$variant_meta:meta])*
+            $variant:ident $(=> $wire:literal)? {
+                params: $(#[$params_meta:meta])* $params:ty,
+                response: $response:ty,
+            }
+        ),* $(,)?
+    ) => {
+        /// Request from the client to the server.
+        #[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+        #[serde(tag = "method", rename_all = "camelCase")]
+        pub enum ClientRequest {
+            $(
+                $(#[$variant_meta])*
+                $(#[serde(rename = $wire)] #[ts(rename = $wire)])?
+                $variant {
+                    #[serde(rename = "id")]
+                    request_id: RequestId,
+                    $(#[$params_meta])*
+                    params: $params,
+                },
+            )*
+        }
+
+        pub fn export_client_responses(
+            out_dir: &::std::path::Path,
+        ) -> ::std::result::Result<(), ::ts_rs::ExportError> {
+            $(
+                <$response as ::ts_rs::TS>::export_all_to(out_dir)?;
+            )*
+            Ok(())
+        }
+
+        #[allow(clippy::vec_init_then_push)]
+        pub fn export_client_response_schemas(
+            out_dir: &::std::path::Path,
+        ) -> ::anyhow::Result<Vec<GeneratedSchema>> {
+            let mut schemas = Vec::new();
+            $(
+                schemas.push(write_json_schema::<$response>(out_dir, stringify!($response))?);
+            )*
+            Ok(schemas)
+        }
+
+        #[allow(clippy::vec_init_then_push)]
+        pub fn export_client_param_schemas(
+            out_dir: &::std::path::Path,
+        ) -> ::anyhow::Result<Vec<GeneratedSchema>> {
+            let mut schemas = Vec::new();
+            $(
+                schemas.push(write_json_schema::<$params>(out_dir, stringify!($params))?);
+            )*
+            Ok(schemas)
+        }
+    };
+}
+
+client_request_definitions! {
+    Initialize {
+        params: v1::InitializeParams,
+        response: v1::InitializeResponse,
+    },
+
+    /// NEW APIs
+    // Thread lifecycle
+    ThreadStart => "thread/start" {
+        params: v2::ThreadStartParams,
+        response: v2::ThreadStartResponse,
+    },
+    ThreadResume => "thread/resume" {
+        params: v2::ThreadResumeParams,
+        response: v2::ThreadResumeResponse,
+    },
+    ThreadArchive => "thread/archive" {
+        params: v2::ThreadArchiveParams,
+        response: v2::ThreadArchiveResponse,
+    },
+    ThreadList => "thread/list" {
+        params: v2::ThreadListParams,
+        response: v2::ThreadListResponse,
+    },
+    ThreadCompact => "thread/compact" {
+        params: v2::ThreadCompactParams,
+        response: v2::ThreadCompactResponse,
+    },
+    TurnStart => "turn/start" {
+        params: v2::TurnStartParams,
+        response: v2::TurnStartResponse,
+    },
+    TurnInterrupt => "turn/interrupt" {
+        params: v2::TurnInterruptParams,
+        response: v2::TurnInterruptResponse,
+    },
+
+    ModelList => "model/list" {
+        params: v2::ModelListParams,
+        response: v2::ModelListResponse,
+    },
+
+    LoginAccount => "account/login/start" {
+        params: v2::LoginAccountParams,
+        response: v2::LoginAccountResponse,
+    },
+
+    CancelLoginAccount => "account/login/cancel" {
+        params: v2::CancelLoginAccountParams,
+        response: v2::CancelLoginAccountResponse,
+    },
+
+    LogoutAccount => "account/logout" {
+        params: #[ts(type = "undefined")] #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")] Option<()>,
+        response: v2::LogoutAccountResponse,
+    },
+
+    GetAccountRateLimits => "account/rateLimits/read" {
+        params: #[ts(type = "undefined")] #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")] Option<()>,
+        response: v2::GetAccountRateLimitsResponse,
+    },
+
+    FeedbackUpload => "feedback/upload" {
+        params: v2::FeedbackUploadParams,
+        response: v2::FeedbackUploadResponse,
+    },
+
+    GetAccount => "account/read" {
+        params: v2::GetAccountParams,
+        response: v2::GetAccountResponse,
+    },
+
+    /// DEPRECATED APIs below
+    NewConversation {
+        params: v1::NewConversationParams,
+        response: v1::NewConversationResponse,
+    },
+    GetConversationSummary {
+        params: v1::GetConversationSummaryParams,
+        response: v1::GetConversationSummaryResponse,
+    },
+    /// List recorded Codex conversations (rollouts) with optional pagination and search.
+    ListConversations {
+        params: v1::ListConversationsParams,
+        response: v1::ListConversationsResponse,
+    },
+    /// Resume a recorded Codex conversation from a rollout file.
+    ResumeConversation {
+        params: v1::ResumeConversationParams,
+        response: v1::ResumeConversationResponse,
+    },
+    ArchiveConversation {
+        params: v1::ArchiveConversationParams,
+        response: v1::ArchiveConversationResponse,
+    },
+    SendUserMessage {
+        params: v1::SendUserMessageParams,
+        response: v1::SendUserMessageResponse,
+    },
+    SendUserTurn {
+        params: v1::SendUserTurnParams,
+        response: v1::SendUserTurnResponse,
+    },
+    InterruptConversation {
+        params: v1::InterruptConversationParams,
+        response: v1::InterruptConversationResponse,
+    },
+    AddConversationListener {
+        params: v1::AddConversationListenerParams,
+        response: v1::AddConversationSubscriptionResponse,
+    },
+    RemoveConversationListener {
+        params: v1::RemoveConversationListenerParams,
+        response: v1::RemoveConversationSubscriptionResponse,
+    },
+    GitDiffToRemote {
+        params: v1::GitDiffToRemoteParams,
+        response: v1::GitDiffToRemoteResponse,
+    },
+    LoginApiKey {
+        params: v1::LoginApiKeyParams,
+        response: v1::LoginApiKeyResponse,
+    },
+    LoginChatGpt {
+        params: #[ts(type = "undefined")] #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")] Option<()>,
+        response: v1::LoginChatGptResponse,
+    },
+    // DEPRECATED in favor of CancelLoginAccount
+    CancelLoginChatGpt {
+        params: v1::CancelLoginChatGptParams,
+        response: v1::CancelLoginChatGptResponse,
+    },
+    LogoutChatGpt {
+        params: #[ts(type = "undefined")] #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")] Option<()>,
+        response: v1::LogoutChatGptResponse,
+    },
+    /// DEPRECATED in favor of GetAccount
+    GetAuthStatus {
+        params: v1::GetAuthStatusParams,
+        response: v1::GetAuthStatusResponse,
+    },
+    GetUserSavedConfig {
+        params: #[ts(type = "undefined")] #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")] Option<()>,
+        response: v1::GetUserSavedConfigResponse,
+    },
+    SetDefaultModel {
+        params: v1::SetDefaultModelParams,
+        response: v1::SetDefaultModelResponse,
+    },
+    GetUserAgent {
+        params: #[ts(type = "undefined")] #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")] Option<()>,
+        response: v1::GetUserAgentResponse,
+    },
+    UserInfo {
+        params: #[ts(type = "undefined")] #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")] Option<()>,
+        response: v1::UserInfoResponse,
+    },
+    FuzzyFileSearch {
+        params: FuzzyFileSearchParams,
+        response: FuzzyFileSearchResponse,
+    },
+    /// Execute a command (argv vector) under the server's sandbox.
+    ExecOneOffCommand {
+        params: v1::ExecOneOffCommandParams,
+        response: v1::ExecOneOffCommandResponse,
+    },
+}
+
+/// Generates an `enum ServerRequest` where each variant is a request that the
+/// server can send to the client along with the corresponding params and
+/// response types. It also generates helper types used by the app/server
+/// infrastructure (payload enum, request constructor, and export helpers).
+macro_rules! server_request_definitions {
+    (
+        $(
+            $(#[$variant_meta:meta])*
+            $variant:ident
+        ),* $(,)?
+    ) => {
+        paste! {
+            /// Request initiated from the server and sent to the client.
+            #[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+            #[serde(tag = "method", rename_all = "camelCase")]
+            pub enum ServerRequest {
+                $(
+                    $(#[$variant_meta])*
+                    $variant {
+                        #[serde(rename = "id")]
+                        request_id: RequestId,
+                        params: [<$variant Params>],
+                    },
+                )*
+            }
+
+            #[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema)]
+            pub enum ServerRequestPayload {
+                $( $variant([<$variant Params>]), )*
+            }
+
+            impl ServerRequestPayload {
+                pub fn request_with_id(self, request_id: RequestId) -> ServerRequest {
+                    match self {
+                        $(Self::$variant(params) => ServerRequest::$variant { request_id, params },)*
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        pub fn export_server_responses(
+            out_dir: &::std::path::Path,
+        ) -> ::std::result::Result<(), ::ts_rs::ExportError> {
+            paste! {
+                $(<[<$variant Response>] as ::ts_rs::TS>::export_all_to(out_dir)?;)*
+            }
+            Ok(())
+        }
+
+        #[allow(clippy::vec_init_then_push)]
+        pub fn export_server_response_schemas(
+            out_dir: &Path,
+        ) -> ::anyhow::Result<Vec<GeneratedSchema>> {
+            let mut schemas = Vec::new();
+            paste! {
+                $(schemas.push(crate::export::write_json_schema::<[<$variant Response>]>(out_dir, stringify!([<$variant Response>]))?);)*
+            }
+            Ok(schemas)
+        }
+
+        #[allow(clippy::vec_init_then_push)]
+        pub fn export_server_param_schemas(
+            out_dir: &Path,
+        ) -> ::anyhow::Result<Vec<GeneratedSchema>> {
+            let mut schemas = Vec::new();
+            paste! {
+                $(schemas.push(crate::export::write_json_schema::<[<$variant Params>]>(out_dir, stringify!([<$variant Params>]))?);)*
+            }
+            Ok(schemas)
+        }
+    };
+}
+
+/// Generates `ServerNotification` enum and helpers, including a JSON Schema
+/// exporter for each notification.
+macro_rules! server_notification_definitions {
+    (
+        $(
+            $(#[$variant_meta:meta])*
+            $variant:ident $(=> $wire:literal)? ( $payload:ty )
+        ),* $(,)?
+    ) => {
+        /// Notification sent from the server to the client.
+        #[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, JsonSchema, TS, Display)]
+        #[serde(tag = "method", content = "params", rename_all = "camelCase")]
+        #[strum(serialize_all = "camelCase")]
+        pub enum ServerNotification {
+            $(
+                $(#[$variant_meta])*
+                $(#[serde(rename = $wire)] #[ts(rename = $wire)] #[strum(serialize = $wire)])?
+                $variant($payload),
+            )*
+        }
+
+        impl ServerNotification {
+            pub fn to_params(self) -> Result<serde_json::Value, serde_json::Error> {
+                match self {
+                    $(Self::$variant(params) => serde_json::to_value(params),)*
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        impl TryFrom<JSONRPCNotification> for ServerNotification {
+            type Error = serde_json::Error;
+
+            fn try_from(value: JSONRPCNotification) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
+                serde_json::from_value(serde_json::to_value(value)?)
+            }
+        }
+
+        #[allow(clippy::vec_init_then_push)]
+        pub fn export_server_notification_schemas(
+            out_dir: &::std::path::Path,
+        ) -> ::anyhow::Result<Vec<GeneratedSchema>> {
+            let mut schemas = Vec::new();
+            $(schemas.push(crate::export::write_json_schema::<$payload>(out_dir, stringify!($payload))?);)*
+            Ok(schemas)
+        }
+    };
+}
+/// Notifications sent from the client to the server.
+macro_rules! client_notification_definitions {
+    (
+        $(
+            $(#[$variant_meta:meta])*
+            $variant:ident $( ( $payload:ty ) )?
+        ),* $(,)?
+    ) => {
+        #[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, JsonSchema, TS, Display)]
+        #[serde(tag = "method", content = "params", rename_all = "camelCase")]
+        #[strum(serialize_all = "camelCase")]
+        pub enum ClientNotification {
+            $(
+                $(#[$variant_meta])*
+                $variant $( ( $payload ) )?,
+            )*
+        }
+
+        pub fn export_client_notification_schemas(
+            _out_dir: &::std::path::Path,
+        ) -> ::anyhow::Result<Vec<GeneratedSchema>> {
+            let schemas = Vec::new();
+            $( $(schemas.push(crate::export::write_json_schema::<$payload>(_out_dir, stringify!($payload))?);)? )*
+            Ok(schemas)
+        }
+    };
+}
+
+impl TryFrom<JSONRPCRequest> for ServerRequest {
+    type Error = serde_json::Error;
+
+    fn try_from(value: JSONRPCRequest) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
+        serde_json::from_value(serde_json::to_value(value)?)
+    }
+}
+
+server_request_definitions! {
+    /// Request to approve a patch.
+    ApplyPatchApproval,
+    /// Request to exec a command.
+    ExecCommandApproval,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct ApplyPatchApprovalParams {
+    pub conversation_id: ConversationId,
+    /// Use to correlate this with [codex_core::protocol::PatchApplyBeginEvent]
+    /// and [codex_core::protocol::PatchApplyEndEvent].
+    pub call_id: String,
+    pub file_changes: HashMap<PathBuf, FileChange>,
+    /// Optional explanatory reason (e.g. request for extra write access).
+    pub reason: Option<String>,
+    /// When set, the agent is asking the user to allow writes under this root
+    /// for the remainder of the session (unclear if this is honored today).
+    pub grant_root: Option<PathBuf>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct ExecCommandApprovalParams {
+    pub conversation_id: ConversationId,
+    /// Use to correlate this with [codex_core::protocol::ExecCommandBeginEvent]
+    /// and [codex_core::protocol::ExecCommandEndEvent].
+    pub call_id: String,
+    pub command: Vec<String>,
+    pub cwd: PathBuf,
+    pub reason: Option<String>,
+    pub risk: Option<SandboxCommandAssessment>,
+    pub parsed_cmd: Vec<ParsedCommand>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+pub struct ExecCommandApprovalResponse {
+    pub decision: ReviewDecision,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+pub struct ApplyPatchApprovalResponse {
+    pub decision: ReviewDecision,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+#[ts(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct FuzzyFileSearchParams {
+    pub query: String,
+    pub roots: Vec<String>,
+    // if provided, will cancel any previous request that used the same value
+    pub cancellation_token: Option<String>,
+}
+
+/// Superset of [`codex_file_search::FileMatch`]
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+pub struct FuzzyFileSearchResult {
+    pub root: String,
+    pub path: String,
+    pub file_name: String,
+    pub score: u32,
+    pub indices: Option<Vec<u32>>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+pub struct FuzzyFileSearchResponse {
+    pub files: Vec<FuzzyFileSearchResult>,
+}
+
+server_notification_definitions! {
+    /// NEW NOTIFICATIONS
+    ThreadStarted => "thread/started" (v2::ThreadStartedNotification),
+    TurnStarted => "turn/started" (v2::TurnStartedNotification),
+    TurnCompleted => "turn/completed" (v2::TurnCompletedNotification),
+    ItemStarted => "item/started" (v2::ItemStartedNotification),
+    ItemCompleted => "item/completed" (v2::ItemCompletedNotification),
+    AgentMessageDelta => "item/agentMessage/delta" (v2::AgentMessageDeltaNotification),
+    CommandExecutionOutputDelta => "item/commandExecution/outputDelta" (v2::CommandExecutionOutputDeltaNotification),
+    McpToolCallProgress => "item/mcpToolCall/progress" (v2::McpToolCallProgressNotification),
+    AccountUpdated => "account/updated" (v2::AccountUpdatedNotification),
+    AccountRateLimitsUpdated => "account/rateLimits/updated" (v2::AccountRateLimitsUpdatedNotification),
+
+    #[serde(rename = "account/login/completed")]
+    #[ts(rename = "account/login/completed")]
+    #[strum(serialize = "account/login/completed")]
+    AccountLoginCompleted(v2::AccountLoginCompletedNotification),
+
+    /// DEPRECATED NOTIFICATIONS below
+    AuthStatusChange(v1::AuthStatusChangeNotification),
+
+    /// Deprecated: use `account/login/completed` instead.
+    LoginChatGptComplete(v1::LoginChatGptCompleteNotification),
+    SessionConfigured(v1::SessionConfiguredNotification),
+}
+
+client_notification_definitions! {
+    Initialized,
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+    use anyhow::Result;
+    use codex_protocol::account::PlanType;
+    use codex_protocol::protocol::AskForApproval;
+    use pretty_assertions::assert_eq;
+    use serde_json::json;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn serialize_new_conversation() -> Result<()> {
+        let request = ClientRequest::NewConversation {
+            request_id: RequestId::Integer(42),
+            params: v1::NewConversationParams {
+                model: Some("gpt-5-codex".to_string()),
+                model_provider: None,
+                profile: None,
+                cwd: None,
+                approval_policy: Some(AskForApproval::OnRequest),
+                sandbox: None,
+                config: None,
+                base_instructions: None,
+                developer_instructions: None,
+                compact_prompt: None,
+                include_apply_patch_tool: None,
+            },
+        };
+        assert_eq!(
+            json!({
+                "method": "newConversation",
+                "id": 42,
+                "params": {
+                    "model": "gpt-5-codex",
+                    "modelProvider": null,
+                    "profile": null,
+                    "cwd": null,
+                    "approvalPolicy": "on-request",
+                    "sandbox": null,
+                    "config": null,
+                    "baseInstructions": null,
+                    "includeApplyPatchTool": null
+                }
+            }),
+            serde_json::to_value(&request)?,
+        );
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn conversation_id_serializes_as_plain_string() -> Result<()> {
+        let id = ConversationId::from_string("67e55044-10b1-426f-9247-bb680e5fe0c8")?;
+
+        assert_eq!(
+            json!("67e55044-10b1-426f-9247-bb680e5fe0c8"),
+            serde_json::to_value(id)?
+        );
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn conversation_id_deserializes_from_plain_string() -> Result<()> {
+        let id: ConversationId =
+            serde_json::from_value(json!("67e55044-10b1-426f-9247-bb680e5fe0c8"))?;
+
+        assert_eq!(
+            ConversationId::from_string("67e55044-10b1-426f-9247-bb680e5fe0c8")?,
+            id,
+        );
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn serialize_client_notification() -> Result<()> {
+        let notification = ClientNotification::Initialized;
+        // Note there is no "params" field for this notification.
+        assert_eq!(
+            json!({
+                "method": "initialized",
+            }),
+            serde_json::to_value(&notification)?,
+        );
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn serialize_server_request() -> Result<()> {
+        let conversation_id = ConversationId::from_string("67e55044-10b1-426f-9247-bb680e5fe0c8")?;
+        let params = ExecCommandApprovalParams {
+            conversation_id,
+            call_id: "call-42".to_string(),
+            command: vec!["echo".to_string(), "hello".to_string()],
+            cwd: PathBuf::from("/tmp"),
+            reason: Some("because tests".to_string()),
+            risk: None,
+            parsed_cmd: vec![ParsedCommand::Unknown {
+                cmd: "echo hello".to_string(),
+            }],
+        };
+        let request = ServerRequest::ExecCommandApproval {
+            request_id: RequestId::Integer(7),
+            params: params.clone(),
+        };
+
+        assert_eq!(
+            json!({
+                "method": "execCommandApproval",
+                "id": 7,
+                "params": {
+                    "conversationId": "67e55044-10b1-426f-9247-bb680e5fe0c8",
+                    "callId": "call-42",
+                    "command": ["echo", "hello"],
+                    "cwd": "/tmp",
+                    "reason": "because tests",
+                    "risk": null,
+                    "parsedCmd": [
+                        {
+                            "type": "unknown",
+                            "cmd": "echo hello"
+                        }
+                    ]
+                }
+            }),
+            serde_json::to_value(&request)?,
+        );
+
+        let payload = ServerRequestPayload::ExecCommandApproval(params);
+        assert_eq!(payload.request_with_id(RequestId::Integer(7)), request);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn serialize_get_account_rate_limits() -> Result<()> {
+        let request = ClientRequest::GetAccountRateLimits {
+            request_id: RequestId::Integer(1),
+            params: None,
+        };
+        assert_eq!(
+            json!({
+                "method": "account/rateLimits/read",
+                "id": 1,
+            }),
+            serde_json::to_value(&request)?,
+        );
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn serialize_account_login_api_key() -> Result<()> {
+        let request = ClientRequest::LoginAccount {
+            request_id: RequestId::Integer(2),
+            params: v2::LoginAccountParams::ApiKey {
+                api_key: "secret".to_string(),
+            },
+        };
+        assert_eq!(
+            json!({
+                "method": "account/login/start",
+                "id": 2,
+                "params": {
+                    "type": "apiKey",
+                    "apiKey": "secret"
+                }
+            }),
+            serde_json::to_value(&request)?,
+        );
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn serialize_account_login_chatgpt() -> Result<()> {
+        let request = ClientRequest::LoginAccount {
+            request_id: RequestId::Integer(3),
+            params: v2::LoginAccountParams::Chatgpt,
+        };
+        assert_eq!(
+            json!({
+                "method": "account/login/start",
+                "id": 3,
+                "params": {
+                    "type": "chatgpt"
+                }
+            }),
+            serde_json::to_value(&request)?,
+        );
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn serialize_account_logout() -> Result<()> {
+        let request = ClientRequest::LogoutAccount {
+            request_id: RequestId::Integer(4),
+            params: None,
+        };
+        assert_eq!(
+            json!({
+                "method": "account/logout",
+                "id": 4,
+            }),
+            serde_json::to_value(&request)?,
+        );
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn serialize_get_account() -> Result<()> {
+        let request = ClientRequest::GetAccount {
+            request_id: RequestId::Integer(5),
+            params: v2::GetAccountParams {
+                refresh_token: false,
+            },
+        };
+        assert_eq!(
+            json!({
+                "method": "account/read",
+                "id": 5,
+                "params": {
+                    "refreshToken": false
+                }
+            }),
+            serde_json::to_value(&request)?,
+        );
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn account_serializes_fields_in_camel_case() -> Result<()> {
+        let api_key = v2::Account::ApiKey {};
+        assert_eq!(
+            json!({
+                "type": "apiKey",
+            }),
+            serde_json::to_value(&api_key)?,
+        );
+
+        let chatgpt = v2::Account::Chatgpt {
+            email: "user@example.com".to_string(),
+            plan_type: PlanType::Plus,
+        };
+        assert_eq!(
+            json!({
+                "type": "chatgpt",
+                "email": "user@example.com",
+                "planType": "plus",
+            }),
+            serde_json::to_value(&chatgpt)?,
+        );
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn serialize_list_models() -> Result<()> {
+        let request = ClientRequest::ModelList {
+            request_id: RequestId::Integer(6),
+            params: v2::ModelListParams::default(),
+        };
+        assert_eq!(
+            json!({
+                "method": "model/list",
+                "id": 6,
+                "params": {
+                    "limit": null,
+                    "cursor": null
+                }
+            }),
+            serde_json::to_value(&request)?,
+        );
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}

codex-rs/app-server-protocol/src/protocol/mod.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+// Module declarations for the app-server protocol namespace.
+// Exposes protocol pieces used by `lib.rs` via `pub use protocol::common::*;`.
+
+pub mod common;
+pub mod v1;
+pub mod v2;

codex-rs/app-server-protocol/src/protocol/v1.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,418 @@
+use std::collections::HashMap;
+use std::path::PathBuf;
+
+use codex_protocol::ConversationId;
+use codex_protocol::config_types::ForcedLoginMethod;
+use codex_protocol::config_types::ReasoningEffort;
+use codex_protocol::config_types::ReasoningSummary;
+use codex_protocol::config_types::SandboxMode;
+use codex_protocol::config_types::Verbosity;
+use codex_protocol::models::ResponseItem;
+use codex_protocol::protocol::AskForApproval;
+use codex_protocol::protocol::EventMsg;
+use codex_protocol::protocol::SandboxPolicy;
+use codex_protocol::protocol::SessionSource;
+use codex_protocol::protocol::TurnAbortReason;
+use schemars::JsonSchema;
+use serde::Deserialize;
+use serde::Serialize;
+use ts_rs::TS;
+use uuid::Uuid;
+
+// Reuse shared types defined in `common.rs`.
+use crate::protocol::common::AuthMode;
+use crate::protocol::common::GitSha;
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Default, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct InitializeParams {
+    pub client_info: ClientInfo,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Default, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct ClientInfo {
+    pub name: String,
+    pub title: Option<String>,
+    pub version: String,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct InitializeResponse {
+    pub user_agent: String,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Default, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct NewConversationParams {
+    pub model: Option<String>,
+    pub model_provider: Option<String>,
+    pub profile: Option<String>,
+    pub cwd: Option<String>,
+    pub approval_policy: Option<AskForApproval>,
+    pub sandbox: Option<SandboxMode>,
+    pub config: Option<HashMap<String, serde_json::Value>>,
+    pub base_instructions: Option<String>,
+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+    pub developer_instructions: Option<String>,
+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+    pub compact_prompt: Option<String>,
+    pub include_apply_patch_tool: Option<bool>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct NewConversationResponse {
+    pub conversation_id: ConversationId,
+    pub model: String,
+    pub reasoning_effort: Option<ReasoningEffort>,
+    pub rollout_path: PathBuf,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct ResumeConversationResponse {
+    pub conversation_id: ConversationId,
+    pub model: String,
+    pub initial_messages: Option<Vec<EventMsg>>,
+    pub rollout_path: PathBuf,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(untagged)]
+pub enum GetConversationSummaryParams {
+    RolloutPath {
+        #[serde(rename = "rolloutPath")]
+        rollout_path: PathBuf,
+    },
+    ConversationId {
+        #[serde(rename = "conversationId")]
+        conversation_id: ConversationId,
+    },
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct GetConversationSummaryResponse {
+    pub summary: ConversationSummary,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Default, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct ListConversationsParams {
+    pub page_size: Option<usize>,
+    pub cursor: Option<String>,
+    pub model_providers: Option<Vec<String>>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct ConversationSummary {
+    pub conversation_id: ConversationId,
+    pub path: PathBuf,
+    pub preview: String,
+    pub timestamp: Option<String>,
+    pub model_provider: String,
+    pub cwd: PathBuf,
+    pub cli_version: String,
+    pub source: SessionSource,
+    pub git_info: Option<ConversationGitInfo>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "snake_case")]
+pub struct ConversationGitInfo {
+    pub sha: Option<String>,
+    pub branch: Option<String>,
+    pub origin_url: Option<String>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct ListConversationsResponse {
+    pub items: Vec<ConversationSummary>,
+    pub next_cursor: Option<String>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct ResumeConversationParams {
+    pub path: Option<PathBuf>,
+    pub conversation_id: Option<ConversationId>,
+    pub history: Option<Vec<ResponseItem>>,
+    pub overrides: Option<NewConversationParams>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct AddConversationSubscriptionResponse {
+    #[schemars(with = "String")]
+    pub subscription_id: Uuid,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct ArchiveConversationParams {
+    pub conversation_id: ConversationId,
+    pub rollout_path: PathBuf,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct ArchiveConversationResponse {}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct RemoveConversationSubscriptionResponse {}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct LoginApiKeyParams {
+    pub api_key: String,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct LoginApiKeyResponse {}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct LoginChatGptResponse {
+    #[schemars(with = "String")]
+    pub login_id: Uuid,
+    pub auth_url: String,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct GitDiffToRemoteResponse {
+    pub sha: GitSha,
+    pub diff: String,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct CancelLoginChatGptParams {
+    #[schemars(with = "String")]
+    pub login_id: Uuid,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct GitDiffToRemoteParams {
+    pub cwd: PathBuf,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct CancelLoginChatGptResponse {}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct LogoutChatGptParams {}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct LogoutChatGptResponse {}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct GetAuthStatusParams {
+    pub include_token: Option<bool>,
+    pub refresh_token: Option<bool>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct ExecOneOffCommandParams {
+    pub command: Vec<String>,
+    pub timeout_ms: Option<u64>,
+    pub cwd: Option<PathBuf>,
+    pub sandbox_policy: Option<SandboxPolicy>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct ExecOneOffCommandResponse {
+    pub exit_code: i32,
+    pub stdout: String,
+    pub stderr: String,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct GetAuthStatusResponse {
+    pub auth_method: Option<AuthMode>,
+    pub auth_token: Option<String>,
+    pub requires_openai_auth: Option<bool>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct GetUserAgentResponse {
+    pub user_agent: String,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct UserInfoResponse {
+    pub alleged_user_email: Option<String>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct GetUserSavedConfigResponse {
+    pub config: UserSavedConfig,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct SetDefaultModelParams {
+    pub model: Option<String>,
+    pub reasoning_effort: Option<ReasoningEffort>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct SetDefaultModelResponse {}
+
+#[derive(Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Serialize, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct UserSavedConfig {
+    pub approval_policy: Option<AskForApproval>,
+    pub sandbox_mode: Option<SandboxMode>,
+    pub sandbox_settings: Option<SandboxSettings>,
+    pub forced_chatgpt_workspace_id: Option<String>,
+    pub forced_login_method: Option<ForcedLoginMethod>,
+    pub model: Option<String>,
+    pub model_reasoning_effort: Option<ReasoningEffort>,
+    pub model_reasoning_summary: Option<ReasoningSummary>,
+    pub model_verbosity: Option<Verbosity>,
+    pub tools: Option<Tools>,
+    pub profile: Option<String>,
+    pub profiles: HashMap<String, Profile>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Serialize, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct Profile {
+    pub model: Option<String>,
+    pub model_provider: Option<String>,
+    pub approval_policy: Option<AskForApproval>,
+    pub model_reasoning_effort: Option<ReasoningEffort>,
+    pub model_reasoning_summary: Option<ReasoningSummary>,
+    pub model_verbosity: Option<Verbosity>,
+    pub chatgpt_base_url: Option<String>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Serialize, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct Tools {
+    pub web_search: Option<bool>,
+    pub view_image: Option<bool>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Serialize, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct SandboxSettings {
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub writable_roots: Vec<PathBuf>,
+    pub network_access: Option<bool>,
+    pub exclude_tmpdir_env_var: Option<bool>,
+    pub exclude_slash_tmp: Option<bool>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct SendUserMessageParams {
+    pub conversation_id: ConversationId,
+    pub items: Vec<InputItem>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct SendUserTurnParams {
+    pub conversation_id: ConversationId,
+    pub items: Vec<InputItem>,
+    pub cwd: PathBuf,
+    pub approval_policy: AskForApproval,
+    pub sandbox_policy: SandboxPolicy,
+    pub model: String,
+    pub effort: Option<ReasoningEffort>,
+    pub summary: ReasoningSummary,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct SendUserTurnResponse {}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct InterruptConversationParams {
+    pub conversation_id: ConversationId,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct InterruptConversationResponse {
+    pub abort_reason: TurnAbortReason,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct SendUserMessageResponse {}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct AddConversationListenerParams {
+    pub conversation_id: ConversationId,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub experimental_raw_events: bool,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct RemoveConversationListenerParams {
+    #[schemars(with = "String")]
+    pub subscription_id: Uuid,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+#[serde(tag = "type", content = "data")]
+pub enum InputItem {
+    Text { text: String },
+    Image { image_url: String },
+    LocalImage { path: PathBuf },
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+/// Deprecated in favor of AccountLoginCompletedNotification.
+pub struct LoginChatGptCompleteNotification {
+    #[schemars(with = "String")]
+    pub login_id: Uuid,
+    pub success: bool,
+    pub error: Option<String>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct SessionConfiguredNotification {
+    pub session_id: ConversationId,
+    pub model: String,
+    pub reasoning_effort: Option<ReasoningEffort>,
+    pub history_log_id: u64,
+    #[ts(type = "number")]
+    pub history_entry_count: usize,
+    pub initial_messages: Option<Vec<EventMsg>>,
+    pub rollout_path: PathBuf,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+/// Deprecated notification. Use AccountUpdatedNotification instead.
+pub struct AuthStatusChangeNotification {
+    pub auth_method: Option<AuthMode>,
+}

codex-rs/app-server-protocol/src/protocol/v2.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,856 @@
+use std::collections::HashMap;
+use std::path::PathBuf;
+
+use crate::protocol::common::AuthMode;
+use codex_protocol::ConversationId;
+use codex_protocol::account::PlanType;
+use codex_protocol::config_types::ReasoningEffort;
+use codex_protocol::config_types::ReasoningSummary;
+use codex_protocol::items::AgentMessageContent as CoreAgentMessageContent;
+use codex_protocol::items::TurnItem as CoreTurnItem;
+use codex_protocol::protocol::RateLimitSnapshot as CoreRateLimitSnapshot;
+use codex_protocol::protocol::RateLimitWindow as CoreRateLimitWindow;
+use codex_protocol::user_input::UserInput as CoreUserInput;
+use mcp_types::ContentBlock as McpContentBlock;
+use schemars::JsonSchema;
+use serde::Deserialize;
+use serde::Serialize;
+use serde_json::Value as JsonValue;
+use ts_rs::TS;
+
+// Macro to declare a camelCased API v2 enum mirroring a core enum which
+// tends to use kebab-case.
+macro_rules! v2_enum_from_core {
+    (
+        pub enum $Name:ident from $Src:path { $( $Variant:ident ),+ $(,)? }
+    ) => {
+        #[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+        #[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+        #[ts(export_to = "v2/")]
+        pub enum $Name { $( $Variant ),+ }
+
+        impl $Name {
+            pub fn to_core(self) -> $Src {
+                match self { $( $Name::$Variant => <$Src>::$Variant ),+ }
+            }
+        }
+
+        impl From<$Src> for $Name {
+            fn from(value: $Src) -> Self {
+                match value { $( <$Src>::$Variant => $Name::$Variant ),+ }
+            }
+        }
+    };
+}
+
+v2_enum_from_core!(
+    pub enum AskForApproval from codex_protocol::protocol::AskForApproval {
+        UnlessTrusted, OnFailure, OnRequest, Never
+    }
+);
+
+v2_enum_from_core!(
+    pub enum SandboxMode from codex_protocol::config_types::SandboxMode {
+        ReadOnly, WorkspaceWrite, DangerFullAccess
+    }
+);
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(tag = "mode", rename_all = "camelCase")]
+#[ts(tag = "mode")]
+#[ts(export_to = "v2/")]
+pub enum SandboxPolicy {
+    DangerFullAccess,
+    ReadOnly,
+    WorkspaceWrite {
+        #[serde(default)]
+        writable_roots: Vec<PathBuf>,
+        #[serde(default)]
+        network_access: bool,
+        #[serde(default)]
+        exclude_tmpdir_env_var: bool,
+        #[serde(default)]
+        exclude_slash_tmp: bool,
+    },
+}
+
+impl SandboxPolicy {
+    pub fn to_core(&self) -> codex_protocol::protocol::SandboxPolicy {
+        match self {
+            SandboxPolicy::DangerFullAccess => {
+                codex_protocol::protocol::SandboxPolicy::DangerFullAccess
+            }
+            SandboxPolicy::ReadOnly => codex_protocol::protocol::SandboxPolicy::ReadOnly,
+            SandboxPolicy::WorkspaceWrite {
+                writable_roots,
+                network_access,
+                exclude_tmpdir_env_var,
+                exclude_slash_tmp,
+            } => codex_protocol::protocol::SandboxPolicy::WorkspaceWrite {
+                writable_roots: writable_roots.clone(),
+                network_access: *network_access,
+                exclude_tmpdir_env_var: *exclude_tmpdir_env_var,
+                exclude_slash_tmp: *exclude_slash_tmp,
+            },
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl From<codex_protocol::protocol::SandboxPolicy> for SandboxPolicy {
+    fn from(value: codex_protocol::protocol::SandboxPolicy) -> Self {
+        match value {
+            codex_protocol::protocol::SandboxPolicy::DangerFullAccess => {
+                SandboxPolicy::DangerFullAccess
+            }
+            codex_protocol::protocol::SandboxPolicy::ReadOnly => SandboxPolicy::ReadOnly,
+            codex_protocol::protocol::SandboxPolicy::WorkspaceWrite {
+                writable_roots,
+                network_access,
+                exclude_tmpdir_env_var,
+                exclude_slash_tmp,
+            } => SandboxPolicy::WorkspaceWrite {
+                writable_roots,
+                network_access,
+                exclude_tmpdir_env_var,
+                exclude_slash_tmp,
+            },
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(tag = "type", rename_all = "camelCase")]
+#[ts(tag = "type")]
+#[ts(export_to = "v2/")]
+pub enum Account {
+    #[serde(rename = "apiKey", rename_all = "camelCase")]
+    #[ts(rename = "apiKey", rename_all = "camelCase")]
+    ApiKey {},
+
+    #[serde(rename = "chatgpt", rename_all = "camelCase")]
+    #[ts(rename = "chatgpt", rename_all = "camelCase")]
+    Chatgpt { email: String, plan_type: PlanType },
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(tag = "type")]
+#[ts(tag = "type")]
+#[ts(export_to = "v2/")]
+pub enum LoginAccountParams {
+    #[serde(rename = "apiKey", rename_all = "camelCase")]
+    #[ts(rename = "apiKey", rename_all = "camelCase")]
+    ApiKey {
+        #[serde(rename = "apiKey")]
+        #[ts(rename = "apiKey")]
+        api_key: String,
+    },
+    #[serde(rename = "chatgpt")]
+    #[ts(rename = "chatgpt")]
+    Chatgpt,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(tag = "type", rename_all = "camelCase")]
+#[ts(tag = "type")]
+#[ts(export_to = "v2/")]
+pub enum LoginAccountResponse {
+    #[serde(rename = "apiKey", rename_all = "camelCase")]
+    #[ts(rename = "apiKey", rename_all = "camelCase")]
+    ApiKey {},
+    #[serde(rename = "chatgpt", rename_all = "camelCase")]
+    #[ts(rename = "chatgpt", rename_all = "camelCase")]
+    Chatgpt {
+        // Use plain String for identifiers to avoid TS/JSON Schema quirks around uuid-specific types.
+        // Convert to/from UUIDs at the application layer as needed.
+        login_id: String,
+        /// URL the client should open in a browser to initiate the OAuth flow.
+        auth_url: String,
+    },
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+#[ts(export_to = "v2/")]
+pub struct CancelLoginAccountParams {
+    pub login_id: String,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+#[ts(export_to = "v2/")]
+pub struct CancelLoginAccountResponse {}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+#[ts(export_to = "v2/")]
+pub struct LogoutAccountResponse {}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+#[ts(export_to = "v2/")]
+pub struct GetAccountRateLimitsResponse {
+    pub rate_limits: RateLimitSnapshot,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+#[ts(export_to = "v2/")]
+pub struct GetAccountParams {
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub refresh_token: bool,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+#[ts(export_to = "v2/")]
+pub struct GetAccountResponse {
+    pub account: Option<Account>,
+    pub requires_openai_auth: bool,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Default, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+#[ts(export_to = "v2/")]
+pub struct ModelListParams {
+    /// Opaque pagination cursor returned by a previous call.
+    pub cursor: Option<String>,
+    /// Optional page size; defaults to a reasonable server-side value.
+    pub limit: Option<u32>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+#[ts(export_to = "v2/")]
+pub struct Model {
+    pub id: String,
+    pub model: String,
+    pub display_name: String,
+    pub description: String,
+    pub supported_reasoning_efforts: Vec<ReasoningEffortOption>,
+    pub default_reasoning_effort: ReasoningEffort,
+    // Only one model should be marked as default.
+    pub is_default: bool,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+#[ts(export_to = "v2/")]
+pub struct ReasoningEffortOption {
+    pub reasoning_effort: ReasoningEffort,
+    pub description: String,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+#[ts(export_to = "v2/")]
+pub struct ModelListResponse {
+    pub data: Vec<Model>,
+    /// Opaque cursor to pass to the next call to continue after the last item.
+    /// If None, there are no more items to return.
+    pub next_cursor: Option<String>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+#[ts(export_to = "v2/")]
+pub struct FeedbackUploadParams {
+    pub classification: String,
+    pub reason: Option<String>,
+    pub conversation_id: Option<ConversationId>,
+    pub include_logs: bool,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+#[ts(export_to = "v2/")]
+pub struct FeedbackUploadResponse {
+    pub thread_id: String,
+}
+
+// === Threads, Turns, and Items ===
+// Thread APIs
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Default, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+#[ts(export_to = "v2/")]
+pub struct ThreadStartParams {
+    pub model: Option<String>,
+    pub model_provider: Option<String>,
+    pub cwd: Option<String>,
+    pub approval_policy: Option<AskForApproval>,
+    pub sandbox: Option<SandboxMode>,
+    pub config: Option<HashMap<String, serde_json::Value>>,
+    pub base_instructions: Option<String>,
+    pub developer_instructions: Option<String>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+#[ts(export_to = "v2/")]
+pub struct ThreadStartResponse {
+    pub thread: Thread,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+#[ts(export_to = "v2/")]
+pub struct ThreadResumeParams {
+    pub thread_id: String,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+#[ts(export_to = "v2/")]
+pub struct ThreadResumeResponse {
+    pub thread: Thread,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+#[ts(export_to = "v2/")]
+pub struct ThreadArchiveParams {
+    pub thread_id: String,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+#[ts(export_to = "v2/")]
+pub struct ThreadArchiveResponse {}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+#[ts(export_to = "v2/")]
+pub struct ThreadListParams {
+    /// Opaque pagination cursor returned by a previous call.
+    pub cursor: Option<String>,
+    /// Optional page size; defaults to a reasonable server-side value.
+    pub limit: Option<u32>,
+    /// Optional provider filter; when set, only sessions recorded under these
+    /// providers are returned. When present but empty, includes all providers.
+    pub model_providers: Option<Vec<String>>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+#[ts(export_to = "v2/")]
+pub struct ThreadListResponse {
+    pub data: Vec<Thread>,
+    /// Opaque cursor to pass to the next call to continue after the last item.
+    /// if None, there are no more items to return.
+    pub next_cursor: Option<String>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+#[ts(export_to = "v2/")]
+pub struct ThreadCompactParams {
+    pub thread_id: String,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+#[ts(export_to = "v2/")]
+pub struct ThreadCompactResponse {}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+#[ts(export_to = "v2/")]
+pub struct Thread {
+    pub id: String,
+    /// Usually the first user message in the thread, if available.
+    pub preview: String,
+    pub model_provider: String,
+    /// Unix timestamp (in seconds) when the thread was created.
+    pub created_at: i64,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+#[ts(export_to = "v2/")]
+pub struct AccountUpdatedNotification {
+    pub auth_mode: Option<AuthMode>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+#[ts(export_to = "v2/")]
+pub struct Turn {
+    pub id: String,
+    pub items: Vec<ThreadItem>,
+    pub status: TurnStatus,
+    pub error: Option<TurnError>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+#[ts(export_to = "v2/")]
+pub struct TurnError {
+    pub message: String,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+#[ts(export_to = "v2/")]
+pub enum TurnStatus {
+    Completed,
+    Interrupted,
+    Failed,
+    InProgress,
+}
+
+// Turn APIs
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Default, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+#[ts(export_to = "v2/")]
+pub struct TurnStartParams {
+    pub thread_id: String,
+    pub input: Vec<UserInput>,
+    /// Override the working directory for this turn and subsequent turns.
+    pub cwd: Option<PathBuf>,
+    /// Override the approval policy for this turn and subsequent turns.
+    pub approval_policy: Option<AskForApproval>,
+    /// Override the sandbox policy for this turn and subsequent turns.
+    pub sandbox_policy: Option<SandboxPolicy>,
+    /// Override the model for this turn and subsequent turns.
+    pub model: Option<String>,
+    /// Override the reasoning effort for this turn and subsequent turns.
+    pub effort: Option<ReasoningEffort>,
+    /// Override the reasoning summary for this turn and subsequent turns.
+    pub summary: Option<ReasoningSummary>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+#[ts(export_to = "v2/")]
+pub struct TurnStartResponse {
+    pub turn: Turn,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+#[ts(export_to = "v2/")]
+pub struct TurnInterruptParams {
+    pub thread_id: String,
+    pub turn_id: String,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+#[ts(export_to = "v2/")]
+pub struct TurnInterruptResponse {}
+
+// User input types
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(tag = "type", rename_all = "camelCase")]
+#[ts(tag = "type")]
+#[ts(export_to = "v2/")]
+pub enum UserInput {
+    Text { text: String },
+    Image { url: String },
+    LocalImage { path: PathBuf },
+}
+
+impl UserInput {
+    pub fn into_core(self) -> CoreUserInput {
+        match self {
+            UserInput::Text { text } => CoreUserInput::Text { text },
+            UserInput::Image { url } => CoreUserInput::Image { image_url: url },
+            UserInput::LocalImage { path } => CoreUserInput::LocalImage { path },
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl From<CoreUserInput> for UserInput {
+    fn from(value: CoreUserInput) -> Self {
+        match value {
+            CoreUserInput::Text { text } => UserInput::Text { text },
+            CoreUserInput::Image { image_url } => UserInput::Image { url: image_url },
+            CoreUserInput::LocalImage { path } => UserInput::LocalImage { path },
+            _ => unreachable!("unsupported user input variant"),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(tag = "type", rename_all = "camelCase")]
+#[ts(tag = "type")]
+#[ts(export_to = "v2/")]
+pub enum ThreadItem {
+    UserMessage {
+        id: String,
+        content: Vec<UserInput>,
+    },
+    AgentMessage {
+        id: String,
+        text: String,
+    },
+    Reasoning {
+        id: String,
+        text: String,
+    },
+    CommandExecution {
+        id: String,
+        command: String,
+        aggregated_output: String,
+        exit_code: Option<i32>,
+        status: CommandExecutionStatus,
+        duration_ms: Option<i64>,
+    },
+    FileChange {
+        id: String,
+        changes: Vec<FileUpdateChange>,
+        status: PatchApplyStatus,
+    },
+    McpToolCall {
+        id: String,
+        server: String,
+        tool: String,
+        status: McpToolCallStatus,
+        arguments: JsonValue,
+        result: Option<McpToolCallResult>,
+        error: Option<McpToolCallError>,
+    },
+    WebSearch {
+        id: String,
+        query: String,
+    },
+    TodoList {
+        id: String,
+        items: Vec<TodoItem>,
+    },
+    ImageView {
+        id: String,
+        path: String,
+    },
+    CodeReview {
+        id: String,
+        review: String,
+    },
+}
+
+impl From<CoreTurnItem> for ThreadItem {
+    fn from(value: CoreTurnItem) -> Self {
+        match value {
+            CoreTurnItem::UserMessage(user) => ThreadItem::UserMessage {
+                id: user.id,
+                content: user.content.into_iter().map(UserInput::from).collect(),
+            },
+            CoreTurnItem::AgentMessage(agent) => {
+                let text = agent
+                    .content
+                    .into_iter()
+                    .map(|entry| match entry {
+                        CoreAgentMessageContent::Text { text } => text,
+                    })
+                    .collect::<String>();
+                ThreadItem::AgentMessage { id: agent.id, text }
+            }
+            CoreTurnItem::Reasoning(reasoning) => {
+                let text = if !reasoning.summary_text.is_empty() {
+                    reasoning.summary_text.join("\n")
+                } else {
+                    reasoning.raw_content.join("\n")
+                };
+                ThreadItem::Reasoning {
+                    id: reasoning.id,
+                    text,
+                }
+            }
+            CoreTurnItem::WebSearch(search) => ThreadItem::WebSearch {
+                id: search.id,
+                query: search.query,
+            },
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+#[ts(export_to = "v2/")]
+pub enum CommandExecutionStatus {
+    InProgress,
+    Completed,
+    Failed,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+#[ts(export_to = "v2/")]
+pub struct FileUpdateChange {
+    pub path: String,
+    pub kind: PatchChangeKind,
+    pub diff: String,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+#[ts(export_to = "v2/")]
+pub enum PatchChangeKind {
+    Add,
+    Delete,
+    Update,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+#[ts(export_to = "v2/")]
+pub enum PatchApplyStatus {
+    Completed,
+    Failed,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+#[ts(export_to = "v2/")]
+pub enum McpToolCallStatus {
+    InProgress,
+    Completed,
+    Failed,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+#[ts(export_to = "v2/")]
+pub struct McpToolCallResult {
+    pub content: Vec<McpContentBlock>,
+    pub structured_content: JsonValue,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+#[ts(export_to = "v2/")]
+pub struct McpToolCallError {
+    pub message: String,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+#[ts(export_to = "v2/")]
+pub struct TodoItem {
+    pub id: String,
+    pub text: String,
+    pub completed: bool,
+}
+
+// === Server Notifications ===
+// Thread/Turn lifecycle notifications and item progress events
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+#[ts(export_to = "v2/")]
+pub struct ThreadStartedNotification {
+    pub thread: Thread,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+#[ts(export_to = "v2/")]
+pub struct TurnStartedNotification {
+    pub turn: Turn,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+#[ts(export_to = "v2/")]
+pub struct Usage {
+    pub input_tokens: i32,
+    pub cached_input_tokens: i32,
+    pub output_tokens: i32,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+#[ts(export_to = "v2/")]
+pub struct TurnCompletedNotification {
+    pub turn: Turn,
+    // TODO: should usage be stored on the Turn object, and we return that instead?
+    pub usage: Usage,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+#[ts(export_to = "v2/")]
+pub struct ItemStartedNotification {
+    pub item: ThreadItem,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+#[ts(export_to = "v2/")]
+pub struct ItemCompletedNotification {
+    pub item: ThreadItem,
+}
+
+// Item-specific progress notifications
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+#[ts(export_to = "v2/")]
+pub struct AgentMessageDeltaNotification {
+    pub item_id: String,
+    pub delta: String,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+#[ts(export_to = "v2/")]
+pub struct CommandExecutionOutputDeltaNotification {
+    pub item_id: String,
+    pub delta: String,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+#[ts(export_to = "v2/")]
+pub struct McpToolCallProgressNotification {
+    pub item_id: String,
+    pub message: String,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+#[ts(export_to = "v2/")]
+pub struct AccountRateLimitsUpdatedNotification {
+    pub rate_limits: RateLimitSnapshot,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+#[ts(export_to = "v2/")]
+pub struct RateLimitSnapshot {
+    pub primary: Option<RateLimitWindow>,
+    pub secondary: Option<RateLimitWindow>,
+}
+
+impl From<CoreRateLimitSnapshot> for RateLimitSnapshot {
+    fn from(value: CoreRateLimitSnapshot) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            primary: value.primary.map(RateLimitWindow::from),
+            secondary: value.secondary.map(RateLimitWindow::from),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+#[ts(export_to = "v2/")]
+pub struct RateLimitWindow {
+    pub used_percent: i32,
+    pub window_duration_mins: Option<i64>,
+    pub resets_at: Option<i64>,
+}
+
+impl From<CoreRateLimitWindow> for RateLimitWindow {
+    fn from(value: CoreRateLimitWindow) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            used_percent: value.used_percent.round() as i32,
+            window_duration_mins: value.window_minutes,
+            resets_at: value.resets_at,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+#[ts(export_to = "v2/")]
+pub struct AccountLoginCompletedNotification {
+    // Use plain String for identifiers to avoid TS/JSON Schema quirks around uuid-specific types.
+    // Convert to/from UUIDs at the application layer as needed.
+    pub login_id: Option<String>,
+    pub success: bool,
+    pub error: Option<String>,
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+    use codex_protocol::items::AgentMessageContent;
+    use codex_protocol::items::AgentMessageItem;
+    use codex_protocol::items::ReasoningItem;
+    use codex_protocol::items::TurnItem;
+    use codex_protocol::items::UserMessageItem;
+    use codex_protocol::items::WebSearchItem;
+    use codex_protocol::user_input::UserInput as CoreUserInput;
+    use pretty_assertions::assert_eq;
+    use std::path::PathBuf;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn core_turn_item_into_thread_item_converts_supported_variants() {
+        let user_item = TurnItem::UserMessage(UserMessageItem {
+            id: "user-1".to_string(),
+            content: vec![
+                CoreUserInput::Text {
+                    text: "hello".to_string(),
+                },
+                CoreUserInput::Image {
+                    image_url: "https://example.com/image.png".to_string(),
+                },
+                CoreUserInput::LocalImage {
+                    path: PathBuf::from("local/image.png"),
+                },
+            ],
+        });
+
+        assert_eq!(
+            ThreadItem::from(user_item),
+            ThreadItem::UserMessage {
+                id: "user-1".to_string(),
+                content: vec![
+                    UserInput::Text {
+                        text: "hello".to_string(),
+                    },
+                    UserInput::Image {
+                        url: "https://example.com/image.png".to_string(),
+                    },
+                    UserInput::LocalImage {
+                        path: PathBuf::from("local/image.png"),
+                    },
+                ],
+            }
+        );
+
+        let agent_item = TurnItem::AgentMessage(AgentMessageItem {
+            id: "agent-1".to_string(),
+            content: vec![
+                AgentMessageContent::Text {
+                    text: "Hello ".to_string(),
+                },
+                AgentMessageContent::Text {
+                    text: "world".to_string(),
+                },
+            ],
+        });
+
+        assert_eq!(
+            ThreadItem::from(agent_item),
+            ThreadItem::AgentMessage {
+                id: "agent-1".to_string(),
+                text: "Hello world".to_string(),
+            }
+        );
+
+        let reasoning_item = TurnItem::Reasoning(ReasoningItem {
+            id: "reasoning-1".to_string(),
+            summary_text: vec!["line one".to_string(), "line two".to_string()],
+            raw_content: vec![],
+        });
+
+        assert_eq!(
+            ThreadItem::from(reasoning_item),
+            ThreadItem::Reasoning {
+                id: "reasoning-1".to_string(),
+                text: "line one\nline two".to_string(),
+            }
+        );
+
+        let search_item = TurnItem::WebSearch(WebSearchItem {
+            id: "search-1".to_string(),
+            query: "docs".to_string(),
+        });
+
+        assert_eq!(
+            ThreadItem::from(search_item),
+            ThreadItem::WebSearch {
+                id: "search-1".to_string(),
+                query: "docs".to_string(),
+            }
+        );
+    }
+}

codex-rs/app-server/Cargo.toml

@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ codex-file-search = { workspace = true }
 codex-login = { workspace = true }
 codex-protocol = { workspace = true }
 codex-app-server-protocol = { workspace = true }
+codex-feedback = { workspace = true }
 codex-utils-json-to-toml = { workspace = true }
 chrono = { workspace = true }
 serde = { workspace = true, features = ["derive"] }
@@ -47,6 +48,7 @@ base64 = { workspace = true }
 core_test_support = { workspace = true }
 os_info = { workspace = true }
 pretty_assertions = { workspace = true }
+serial_test = { workspace = true }
 tempfile = { workspace = true }
 toml = { workspace = true }
 wiremock = { workspace = true }

codex-rs/app-server/README.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # codex-app-server
 
-`codex app-server` is the harness Codex uses to power rich interfaces such as the [Codex VS Code extension](https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=openai.chatgpt). The message schema is currently unstable, but those who wish to build experimental UIs on top of Codex may find it valuable.
+`codex app-server` is the interface Codex uses to power rich interfaces such as the [Codex VS Code extension](https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=openai.chatgpt). The message schema is currently unstable, but those who wish to build experimental UIs on top of Codex may find it valuable.
 
 ## Protocol
 
@@ -8,8 +8,253 @@ Similar to [MCP](https://modelcontextprotocol.io/), `codex app-server` supports
 
 ## Message Schema
 
-Currently, you can dump a TypeScript version of the schema using `codex generate-ts`. It is specific to the version of Codex you used to run `generate-ts`, so the two are guaranteed to be compatible.
+Currently, you can dump a TypeScript version of the schema using `codex app-server generate-ts`, or a JSON Schema bundle via `codex app-server generate-json-schema`. Each output is specific to the version of Codex you used to run the command, so the generated artifacts are guaranteed to match that version.
 
 ```
-codex generate-ts --out DIR
+codex app-server generate-ts --out DIR
+codex app-server generate-json-schema --out DIR
 ```
+
+## Initialization
+
+Clients must send a single `initialize` request before invoking any other method, then acknowledge with an `initialized` notification. The server returns the user agent string it will present to upstream services; subsequent requests issued before initialization receive a `"Not initialized"` error, and repeated `initialize` calls receive an `"Already initialized"` error.
+
+Example:
+
+```json
+{ "method": "initialize", "id": 0, "params": {
+    "clientInfo": { "name": "codex-vscode", "title": "Codex VS Code Extension", "version": "0.1.0" }
+} }
+{ "id": 0, "result": { "userAgent": "codex-app-server/0.1.0 codex-vscode/0.1.0" } }
+{ "method": "initialized" }
+```
+
+## Core primitives
+
+We have 3 top level primitives:
+- Thread - a conversation between the Codex agent and a user. Each thread contains multiple turns.
+- Turn - one turn of the conversation, typically starting with a user message and finishing with an agent message. Each turn contains multiple items.
+- Item - represents user inputs and agent outputs as part of the turn, persisted and used as the context for future conversations.
+
+## Thread & turn endpoints
+
+The JSON-RPC API exposes dedicated methods for managing Codex conversations. Threads store long-lived conversation metadata, and turns store the per-message exchange (input → Codex output, including streamed items). Use the thread APIs to create, list, or archive sessions, then drive the conversation with turn APIs and notifications.
+
+### Quick reference
+- `thread/start` — create a new thread; emits `thread/started` and auto-subscribes you to turn/item events for that thread.
+- `thread/resume` — reopen an existing thread by id so subsequent `turn/start` calls append to it.
+- `thread/list` — page through stored rollouts; supports cursor-based pagination and optional `modelProviders` filtering.
+- `thread/archive` — move a thread’s rollout file into the archived directory; returns `{}` on success.
+- `turn/start` — add user input to a thread and begin Codex generation; responds with the initial `turn` object and streams `turn/started`, `item/*`, and `turn/completed` notifications.
+- `turn/interrupt` — request cancellation of an in-flight turn by `(thread_id, turn_id)`; success is an empty `{}` response and the turn finishes with `status: "interrupted"`.
+
+### 1) Start or resume a thread
+
+Start a fresh thread when you need a new Codex conversation.
+
+```json
+{ "method": "thread/start", "id": 10, "params": {
+    // Optionally set config settings. If not specified, will use the user's
+    // current config settings.
+    "model": "gpt-5-codex",
+    "cwd": "/Users/me/project",
+    "approvalPolicy": "never",
+    "sandbox": "workspaceWrite",
+} }
+{ "id": 10, "result": {
+    "thread": {
+        "id": "thr_123",
+        "preview": "",
+        "modelProvider": "openai",
+        "createdAt": 1730910000
+    }
+} }
+{ "method": "thread/started", "params": { "thread": { … } } }
+```
+
+To continue a stored session, call `thread/resume` with the `thread.id` you previously recorded. The response shape matches `thread/start`, and no additional notifications are emitted:
+
+```json
+{ "method": "thread/resume", "id": 11, "params": { "threadId": "thr_123" } }
+{ "id": 11, "result": { "thread": { "id": "thr_123", … } } }
+```
+
+### 2) List threads (pagination & filters)
+
+`thread/list` lets you render a history UI. Pass any combination of:
+- `cursor` — opaque string from a prior response; omit for the first page.
+- `limit` — server defaults to a reasonable page size if unset.
+- `modelProviders` — restrict results to specific providers; unset, null, or an empty array will include all providers.
+
+Example:
+
+```json
+{ "method": "thread/list", "id": 20, "params": {
+    "cursor": null,
+    "limit": 25,
+} }
+{ "id": 20, "result": {
+    "data": [
+        { "id": "thr_a", "preview": "Create a TUI", "modelProvider": "openai", "createdAt": 1730831111 },
+        { "id": "thr_b", "preview": "Fix tests", "modelProvider": "openai", "createdAt": 1730750000 }
+    ],
+    "nextCursor": "opaque-token-or-null"
+} }
+```
+
+When `nextCursor` is `null`, you’ve reached the final page.
+
+### 3) Archive a thread
+
+Use `thread/archive` to move the persisted rollout (stored as a JSONL file on disk) into the archived sessions directory.
+
+```json
+{ "method": "thread/archive", "id": 21, "params": { "threadId": "thr_b" } }
+{ "id": 21, "result": {} }
+```
+
+An archived thread will not appear in future calls to `thread/list`.
+
+### 4) Start a turn (send user input)
+
+Turns attach user input (text or images) to a thread and trigger Codex generation. The `input` field is a list of discriminated unions:
+
+- `{"type":"text","text":"Explain this diff"}`
+- `{"type":"image","url":"https://…png"}`
+- `{"type":"localImage","path":"/tmp/screenshot.png"}`
+
+You can optionally specify config overrides on the new turn. If specified, these settings become the default for subsequent turns on the same thread.
+
+```json
+{ "method": "turn/start", "id": 30, "params": {
+    "threadId": "thr_123",
+    "input": [ { "type": "text", "text": "Run tests" } ],
+    // Below are optional config overrides
+    "cwd": "/Users/me/project",
+    "approvalPolicy": "unlessTrusted",
+    "sandboxPolicy": {
+        "mode": "workspaceWrite",
+        "writableRoots": ["/Users/me/project"],
+        "networkAccess": true
+    },
+    "model": "gpt-5-codex",
+    "effort": "medium",
+    "summary": "concise"
+} }
+{ "id": 30, "result": { "turn": {
+    "id": "turn_456",
+    "status": "inProgress",
+    "items": [],
+    "error": null
+} } }
+```
+
+### 5) Interrupt an active turn
+
+You can cancel a running Turn with `turn/interrupt`.
+
+```json
+{ "method": "turn/interrupt", "id": 31, "params": {
+    "threadId": "thr_123",
+    "turnId": "turn_456"
+} }
+{ "id": 31, "result": {} }
+```
+
+The server requests cancellations for running subprocesses, then emits a `turn/completed` event with `status: "interrupted"`. Rely on the `turn/completed` to know when Codex-side cleanup is done.
+
+## Auth endpoints
+
+The JSON-RPC auth/account surface exposes request/response methods plus server-initiated notifications (no `id`). Use these to determine auth state, start or cancel logins, logout, and inspect ChatGPT rate limits.
+
+### Quick reference
+- `account/read` — fetch current account info; optionally refresh tokens.
+- `account/login/start` — begin login (`apiKey` or `chatgpt`).
+- `account/login/completed` (notify) — emitted when a login attempt finishes (success or error).
+- `account/login/cancel` — cancel a pending ChatGPT login by `loginId`.
+- `account/logout` — sign out; triggers `account/updated`.
+- `account/updated` (notify) — emitted whenever auth mode changes (`authMode`: `apikey`, `chatgpt`, or `null`).
+- `account/rateLimits/read` — fetch ChatGPT rate limits; updates arrive via `account/rateLimits/updated` (notify).
+
+### 1) Check auth state
+
+Request:
+```json
+{ "method": "account/read", "id": 1, "params": { "refreshToken": false } }
+```
+
+Response examples:
+```json
+{ "id": 1, "result": { "account": null, "requiresOpenaiAuth": false } } // No OpenAI auth needed (e.g., OSS/local models)
+{ "id": 1, "result": { "account": null, "requiresOpenaiAuth": true } }  // OpenAI auth required (typical for OpenAI-hosted models)
+{ "id": 1, "result": { "account": { "type": "apiKey" }, "requiresOpenaiAuth": true } }
+{ "id": 1, "result": { "account": { "type": "chatgpt", "email": "user@example.com", "planType": "pro" }, "requiresOpenaiAuth": true } }
+```
+
+Field notes:
+- `refreshToken` (bool): set `true` to force a token refresh.
+- `requiresOpenaiAuth` reflects the active provider; when `false`, Codex can run without OpenAI credentials.
+
+### 2) Log in with an API key
+
+1. Send:
+   ```json
+   { "method": "account/login/start", "id": 2, "params": { "type": "apiKey", "apiKey": "sk-…" } }
+   ```
+2. Expect:
+   ```json
+   { "id": 2, "result": { "type": "apiKey" } }
+   ```
+3. Notifications:
+   ```json
+   { "method": "account/login/completed", "params": { "loginId": null, "success": true, "error": null } }
+   { "method": "account/updated", "params": { "authMode": "apikey" } }
+   ```
+
+### 3) Log in with ChatGPT (browser flow)
+
+1. Start:
+   ```json
+   { "method": "account/login/start", "id": 3, "params": { "type": "chatgpt" } }
+   { "id": 3, "result": { "type": "chatgpt", "loginId": "<uuid>", "authUrl": "https://chatgpt.com/…&redirect_uri=http%3A%2F%2Flocalhost%3A<port>%2Fauth%2Fcallback" } }
+   ```
+2. Open `authUrl` in a browser; the app-server hosts the local callback.
+3. Wait for notifications:
+   ```json
+   { "method": "account/login/completed", "params": { "loginId": "<uuid>", "success": true, "error": null } }
+   { "method": "account/updated", "params": { "authMode": "chatgpt" } }
+   ```
+
+### 4) Cancel a ChatGPT login
+
+```json
+{ "method": "account/login/cancel", "id": 4, "params": { "loginId": "<uuid>" } }
+{ "method": "account/login/completed", "params": { "loginId": "<uuid>", "success": false, "error": "…" } }
+```
+
+### 5) Logout
+
+```json
+{ "method": "account/logout", "id": 5 }
+{ "id": 5, "result": {} }
+{ "method": "account/updated", "params": { "authMode": null } }
+```
+
+### 6) Rate limits (ChatGPT)
+
+```json
+{ "method": "account/rateLimits/read", "id": 6 }
+{ "id": 6, "result": { "rateLimits": { "primary": { "usedPercent": 25, "windowDurationMins": 15, "resetsAt": 1730947200 }, "secondary": null } } }
+{ "method": "account/rateLimits/updated", "params": { "rateLimits": { … } } }
+```
+
+Field notes:
+- `usedPercent` is current usage within the OpenAI quota window.
+- `windowDurationMins` is the quota window length.
+- `resetsAt` is a Unix timestamp (seconds) for the next reset.
+
+### Dev notes
+
+- `codex app-server generate-ts --out <dir>` emits v2 types under `v2/`.
+- `codex app-server generate-json-schema --out <dir>` outputs `codex_app_server_protocol.schemas.json`.
+- See [“Authentication and authorization” in the config docs](../../docs/config.md#authentication-and-authorization) for configuration knobs.

codex-rs/app-server/src/lib.rs

@@ -12,16 +12,19 @@ use crate::message_processor::MessageProcessor;
 use crate::outgoing_message::OutgoingMessage;
 use crate::outgoing_message::OutgoingMessageSender;
 use codex_app_server_protocol::JSONRPCMessage;
+use codex_feedback::CodexFeedback;
 use tokio::io::AsyncBufReadExt;
 use tokio::io::AsyncWriteExt;
 use tokio::io::BufReader;
 use tokio::io::{self};
 use tokio::sync::mpsc;
+use tracing::Level;
 use tracing::debug;
 use tracing::error;
 use tracing::info;
 use tracing_subscriber::EnvFilter;
 use tracing_subscriber::Layer;
+use tracing_subscriber::filter::Targets;
 use tracing_subscriber::layer::SubscriberExt;
 use tracing_subscriber::util::SubscriberInitExt;
 
@@ -82,6 +85,8 @@ pub async fn run_main(
             std::io::Error::new(ErrorKind::InvalidData, format!("error loading config: {e}"))
         })?;
 
+    let feedback = CodexFeedback::new();
+
     let otel =
         codex_core::otel_init::build_provider(&config, env!("CARGO_PKG_VERSION")).map_err(|e| {
             std::io::Error::new(
@@ -96,8 +101,15 @@ pub async fn run_main(
         .with_writer(std::io::stderr)
         .with_filter(EnvFilter::from_default_env());
 
+    let feedback_layer = tracing_subscriber::fmt::layer()
+        .with_writer(feedback.make_writer())
+        .with_ansi(false)
+        .with_target(false)
+        .with_filter(Targets::new().with_default(Level::TRACE));
+
     let _ = tracing_subscriber::registry()
         .with(stderr_fmt)
+        .with(feedback_layer)
         .with(otel.as_ref().map(|provider| {
             OpenTelemetryTracingBridge::new(&provider.logger).with_filter(
                 tracing_subscriber::filter::filter_fn(codex_core::otel_init::codex_export_filter),
@@ -112,6 +124,7 @@ pub async fn run_main(
             outgoing_message_sender,
             codex_linux_sandbox_exe,
             std::sync::Arc::new(config),
+            feedback.clone(),
         );
         async move {
             while let Some(msg) = incoming_rx.recv().await {

codex-rs/app-server/src/message_processor.rs

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ use codex_core::ConversationManager;
 use codex_core::config::Config;
 use codex_core::default_client::USER_AGENT_SUFFIX;
 use codex_core::default_client::get_codex_user_agent;
+use codex_feedback::CodexFeedback;
 use codex_protocol::protocol::SessionSource;
 use std::sync::Arc;
 
@@ -33,9 +34,14 @@ impl MessageProcessor {
         outgoing: OutgoingMessageSender,
         codex_linux_sandbox_exe: Option<PathBuf>,
         config: Arc<Config>,
+        feedback: CodexFeedback,
     ) -> Self {
         let outgoing = Arc::new(outgoing);
-        let auth_manager = AuthManager::shared(config.codex_home.clone(), false);
+        let auth_manager = AuthManager::shared(
+            config.codex_home.clone(),
+            false,
+            config.cli_auth_credentials_store_mode,
+        );
         let conversation_manager = Arc::new(ConversationManager::new(
             auth_manager.clone(),
             SessionSource::VSCode,
@@ -46,6 +52,7 @@ impl MessageProcessor {
             outgoing.clone(),
             codex_linux_sandbox_exe,
             config,
+            feedback,
         );
 
         Self {
@@ -57,64 +64,79 @@ impl MessageProcessor {
 
     pub(crate) async fn process_request(&mut self, request: JSONRPCRequest) {
         let request_id = request.id.clone();
-        if let Ok(request_json) = serde_json::to_value(request)
-            && let Ok(codex_request) = serde_json::from_value::<ClientRequest>(request_json)
-        {
-            match codex_request {
-                // Handle Initialize internally so CodexMessageProcessor does not have to concern
-                // itself with the `initialized` bool.
-                ClientRequest::Initialize { request_id, params } => {
-                    if self.initialized {
-                        let error = JSONRPCErrorError {
-                            code: INVALID_REQUEST_ERROR_CODE,
-                            message: "Already initialized".to_string(),
-                            data: None,
-                        };
-                        self.outgoing.send_error(request_id, error).await;
-                        return;
-                    } else {
-                        let ClientInfo {
-                            name,
-                            title: _title,
-                            version,
-                        } = params.client_info;
-                        let user_agent_suffix = format!("{name}; {version}");
-                        if let Ok(mut suffix) = USER_AGENT_SUFFIX.lock() {
-                            *suffix = Some(user_agent_suffix);
-                        }
+        let request_json = match serde_json::to_value(&request) {
+            Ok(request_json) => request_json,
+            Err(err) => {
+                let error = JSONRPCErrorError {
+                    code: INVALID_REQUEST_ERROR_CODE,
+                    message: format!("Invalid request: {err}"),
+                    data: None,
+                };
+                self.outgoing.send_error(request_id, error).await;
+                return;
+            }
+        };
 
-                        let user_agent = get_codex_user_agent();
-                        let response = InitializeResponse { user_agent };
-                        self.outgoing.send_response(request_id, response).await;
+        let codex_request = match serde_json::from_value::<ClientRequest>(request_json) {
+            Ok(codex_request) => codex_request,
+            Err(err) => {
+                let error = JSONRPCErrorError {
+                    code: INVALID_REQUEST_ERROR_CODE,
+                    message: format!("Invalid request: {err}"),
+                    data: None,
+                };
+                self.outgoing.send_error(request_id, error).await;
+                return;
+            }
+        };
 
-                        self.initialized = true;
-                        return;
-                    }
-                }
-                _ => {
-                    if !self.initialized {
-                        let error = JSONRPCErrorError {
-                            code: INVALID_REQUEST_ERROR_CODE,
-                            message: "Not initialized".to_string(),
-                            data: None,
-                        };
-                        self.outgoing.send_error(request_id, error).await;
-                        return;
+        match codex_request {
+            // Handle Initialize internally so CodexMessageProcessor does not have to concern
+            // itself with the `initialized` bool.
+            ClientRequest::Initialize { request_id, params } => {
+                if self.initialized {
+                    let error = JSONRPCErrorError {
+                        code: INVALID_REQUEST_ERROR_CODE,
+                        message: "Already initialized".to_string(),
+                        data: None,
+                    };
+                    self.outgoing.send_error(request_id, error).await;
+                    return;
+                } else {
+                    let ClientInfo {
+                        name,
+                        title: _title,
+                        version,
+                    } = params.client_info;
+                    let user_agent_suffix = format!("{name}; {version}");
+                    if let Ok(mut suffix) = USER_AGENT_SUFFIX.lock() {
+                        *suffix = Some(user_agent_suffix);
                     }
+
+                    let user_agent = get_codex_user_agent();
+                    let response = InitializeResponse { user_agent };
+                    self.outgoing.send_response(request_id, response).await;
+
+                    self.initialized = true;
+                    return;
+                }
+            }
+            _ => {
+                if !self.initialized {
+                    let error = JSONRPCErrorError {
+                        code: INVALID_REQUEST_ERROR_CODE,
+                        message: "Not initialized".to_string(),
+                        data: None,
+                    };
+                    self.outgoing.send_error(request_id, error).await;
+                    return;
                 }
             }
-
-            self.codex_message_processor
-                .process_request(codex_request)
-                .await;
-        } else {
-            let error = JSONRPCErrorError {
-                code: INVALID_REQUEST_ERROR_CODE,
-                message: "Invalid request".to_string(),
-                data: None,
-            };
-            self.outgoing.send_error(request_id, error).await;
         }
+
+        self.codex_message_processor
+            .process_request(codex_request)
+            .await;
     }
 
     pub(crate) async fn process_notification(&self, notification: JSONRPCNotification) {

codex-rs/app-server/src/models.rs

@@ -1,11 +1,12 @@
+use codex_app_server_protocol::AuthMode;
 use codex_app_server_protocol::Model;
 use codex_app_server_protocol::ReasoningEffortOption;
 use codex_common::model_presets::ModelPreset;
 use codex_common::model_presets::ReasoningEffortPreset;
 use codex_common::model_presets::builtin_model_presets;
 
-pub fn supported_models() -> Vec<Model> {
-    builtin_model_presets(None)
+pub fn supported_models(auth_mode: Option<AuthMode>) -> Vec<Model> {
+    builtin_model_presets(auth_mode)
         .into_iter()
         .map(model_from_preset)
         .collect()

codex-rs/app-server/src/outgoing_message.rs

@@ -141,9 +141,13 @@ pub(crate) struct OutgoingError {
 
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
+    use codex_app_server_protocol::AccountLoginCompletedNotification;
+    use codex_app_server_protocol::AccountRateLimitsUpdatedNotification;
+    use codex_app_server_protocol::AccountUpdatedNotification;
+    use codex_app_server_protocol::AuthMode;
     use codex_app_server_protocol::LoginChatGptCompleteNotification;
-    use codex_protocol::protocol::RateLimitSnapshot;
-    use codex_protocol::protocol::RateLimitWindow;
+    use codex_app_server_protocol::RateLimitSnapshot;
+    use codex_app_server_protocol::RateLimitWindow;
     use pretty_assertions::assert_eq;
     use serde_json::json;
     use uuid::Uuid;
@@ -166,6 +170,7 @@ mod tests {
                 "params": {
                     "loginId": Uuid::nil(),
                     "success": true,
+                    "error": null,
                 },
             }),
             serde_json::to_value(jsonrpc_notification)
@@ -175,27 +180,77 @@ mod tests {
     }
 
     #[test]
-    fn verify_account_rate_limits_notification_serialization() {
-        let notification = ServerNotification::AccountRateLimitsUpdated(RateLimitSnapshot {
-            primary: Some(RateLimitWindow {
-                used_percent: 25.0,
-                window_minutes: Some(15),
-                resets_at: Some(123),
+    fn verify_account_login_completed_notification_serialization() {
+        let notification =
+            ServerNotification::AccountLoginCompleted(AccountLoginCompletedNotification {
+                login_id: Some(Uuid::nil().to_string()),
+                success: true,
+                error: None,
+            });
+
+        let jsonrpc_notification = OutgoingMessage::AppServerNotification(notification);
+        assert_eq!(
+            json!({
+                "method": "account/login/completed",
+                "params": {
+                    "loginId": Uuid::nil().to_string(),
+                    "success": true,
+                    "error": null,
+                },
             }),
-            secondary: None,
-        });
+            serde_json::to_value(jsonrpc_notification)
+                .expect("ensure the notification serializes correctly"),
+            "ensure the notification serializes correctly"
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn verify_account_rate_limits_notification_serialization() {
+        let notification =
+            ServerNotification::AccountRateLimitsUpdated(AccountRateLimitsUpdatedNotification {
+                rate_limits: RateLimitSnapshot {
+                    primary: Some(RateLimitWindow {
+                        used_percent: 25,
+                        window_duration_mins: Some(15),
+                        resets_at: Some(123),
+                    }),
+                    secondary: None,
+                },
+            });
 
         let jsonrpc_notification = OutgoingMessage::AppServerNotification(notification);
         assert_eq!(
             json!({
                 "method": "account/rateLimits/updated",
                 "params": {
-                    "primary": {
-                        "used_percent": 25.0,
-                        "window_minutes": 15,
-                        "resets_at": 123,
-                    },
-                    "secondary": null,
+                    "rateLimits": {
+                        "primary": {
+                            "usedPercent": 25,
+                            "windowDurationMins": 15,
+                            "resetsAt": 123
+                        },
+                        "secondary": null
+                    }
+                },
+            }),
+            serde_json::to_value(jsonrpc_notification)
+                .expect("ensure the notification serializes correctly"),
+            "ensure the notification serializes correctly"
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn verify_account_updated_notification_serialization() {
+        let notification = ServerNotification::AccountUpdated(AccountUpdatedNotification {
+            auth_mode: Some(AuthMode::ApiKey),
+        });
+
+        let jsonrpc_notification = OutgoingMessage::AppServerNotification(notification);
+        assert_eq!(
+            json!({
+                "method": "account/updated",
+                "params": {
+                    "authMode": "apikey"
                 },
             }),
             serde_json::to_value(jsonrpc_notification)

codex-rs/app-server/tests/common/Cargo.toml

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ base64 = { workspace = true }
 chrono = { workspace = true }
 codex-app-server-protocol = { workspace = true }
 codex-core = { workspace = true }
+codex-protocol = { workspace = true }
 serde = { workspace = true }
 serde_json = { workspace = true }
 tokio = { workspace = true, features = [
@@ -21,4 +22,5 @@ tokio = { workspace = true, features = [
     "process",
     "rt-multi-thread",
 ] }
+uuid = { workspace = true }
 wiremock = { workspace = true }

codex-rs/app-server/tests/common/auth_fixtures.rs

@@ -6,9 +6,9 @@ use base64::Engine;
 use base64::engine::general_purpose::URL_SAFE_NO_PAD;
 use chrono::DateTime;
 use chrono::Utc;
+use codex_core::auth::AuthCredentialsStoreMode;
 use codex_core::auth::AuthDotJson;
-use codex_core::auth::get_auth_file;
-use codex_core::auth::write_auth_json;
+use codex_core::auth::save_auth;
 use codex_core::token_data::TokenData;
 use codex_core::token_data::parse_id_token;
 use serde_json::json;
@@ -109,7 +109,11 @@ pub fn encode_id_token(claims: &ChatGptIdTokenClaims) -> Result<String> {
     Ok(format!("{header_b64}.{payload_b64}.{signature_b64}"))
 }
 
-pub fn write_chatgpt_auth(codex_home: &Path, fixture: ChatGptAuthFixture) -> Result<()> {
+pub fn write_chatgpt_auth(
+    codex_home: &Path,
+    fixture: ChatGptAuthFixture,
+    cli_auth_credentials_store_mode: AuthCredentialsStoreMode,
+) -> Result<()> {
     let id_token_raw = encode_id_token(&fixture.claims)?;
     let id_token = parse_id_token(&id_token_raw).context("parse id token")?;
     let tokens = TokenData {
@@ -127,5 +131,5 @@ pub fn write_chatgpt_auth(codex_home: &Path, fixture: ChatGptAuthFixture) -> Res
         last_refresh,
     };
 
-    write_auth_json(&get_auth_file(codex_home), &auth).context("write auth.json")
+    save_auth(codex_home, &auth, cli_auth_credentials_store_mode).context("write auth.json")
 }

codex-rs/app-server/tests/common/lib.rs

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ mod auth_fixtures;
 mod mcp_process;
 mod mock_model_server;
 mod responses;
+mod rollout;
 
 pub use auth_fixtures::ChatGptAuthFixture;
 pub use auth_fixtures::ChatGptIdTokenClaims;
@@ -10,9 +11,11 @@ pub use auth_fixtures::write_chatgpt_auth;
 use codex_app_server_protocol::JSONRPCResponse;
 pub use mcp_process::McpProcess;
 pub use mock_model_server::create_mock_chat_completions_server;
+pub use mock_model_server::create_mock_chat_completions_server_unchecked;
 pub use responses::create_apply_patch_sse_response;
 pub use responses::create_final_assistant_message_sse_response;
 pub use responses::create_shell_sse_response;
+pub use rollout::create_fake_rollout;
 use serde::de::DeserializeOwned;
 
 pub fn to_response<T: DeserializeOwned>(response: JSONRPCResponse) -> anyhow::Result<T> {

codex-rs/app-server/tests/common/mcp_process.rs

@@ -14,29 +14,37 @@ use anyhow::Context;
 use assert_cmd::prelude::*;
 use codex_app_server_protocol::AddConversationListenerParams;
 use codex_app_server_protocol::ArchiveConversationParams;
+use codex_app_server_protocol::CancelLoginAccountParams;
 use codex_app_server_protocol::CancelLoginChatGptParams;
 use codex_app_server_protocol::ClientInfo;
 use codex_app_server_protocol::ClientNotification;
+use codex_app_server_protocol::FeedbackUploadParams;
+use codex_app_server_protocol::GetAccountParams;
 use codex_app_server_protocol::GetAuthStatusParams;
 use codex_app_server_protocol::InitializeParams;
 use codex_app_server_protocol::InterruptConversationParams;
-use codex_app_server_protocol::ListConversationsParams;
-use codex_app_server_protocol::ListModelsParams;
-use codex_app_server_protocol::LoginApiKeyParams;
-use codex_app_server_protocol::NewConversationParams;
-use codex_app_server_protocol::RemoveConversationListenerParams;
-use codex_app_server_protocol::ResumeConversationParams;
-use codex_app_server_protocol::SendUserMessageParams;
-use codex_app_server_protocol::SendUserTurnParams;
-use codex_app_server_protocol::ServerRequest;
-use codex_app_server_protocol::SetDefaultModelParams;
-
 use codex_app_server_protocol::JSONRPCError;
 use codex_app_server_protocol::JSONRPCMessage;
 use codex_app_server_protocol::JSONRPCNotification;
 use codex_app_server_protocol::JSONRPCRequest;
 use codex_app_server_protocol::JSONRPCResponse;
+use codex_app_server_protocol::ListConversationsParams;
+use codex_app_server_protocol::LoginApiKeyParams;
+use codex_app_server_protocol::ModelListParams;
+use codex_app_server_protocol::NewConversationParams;
+use codex_app_server_protocol::RemoveConversationListenerParams;
 use codex_app_server_protocol::RequestId;
+use codex_app_server_protocol::ResumeConversationParams;
+use codex_app_server_protocol::SendUserMessageParams;
+use codex_app_server_protocol::SendUserTurnParams;
+use codex_app_server_protocol::ServerRequest;
+use codex_app_server_protocol::SetDefaultModelParams;
+use codex_app_server_protocol::ThreadArchiveParams;
+use codex_app_server_protocol::ThreadListParams;
+use codex_app_server_protocol::ThreadResumeParams;
+use codex_app_server_protocol::ThreadStartParams;
+use codex_app_server_protocol::TurnInterruptParams;
+use codex_app_server_protocol::TurnStartParams;
 use std::process::Command as StdCommand;
 use tokio::process::Command;
 
@@ -242,6 +250,24 @@ impl McpProcess {
         self.send_request("account/rateLimits/read", None).await
     }
 
+    /// Send an `account/read` JSON-RPC request.
+    pub async fn send_get_account_request(
+        &mut self,
+        params: GetAccountParams,
+    ) -> anyhow::Result<i64> {
+        let params = Some(serde_json::to_value(params)?);
+        self.send_request("account/read", params).await
+    }
+
+    /// Send a `feedback/upload` JSON-RPC request.
+    pub async fn send_feedback_upload_request(
+        &mut self,
+        params: FeedbackUploadParams,
+    ) -> anyhow::Result<i64> {
+        let params = Some(serde_json::to_value(params)?);
+        self.send_request("feedback/upload", params).await
+    }
+
     /// Send a `userInfo` JSON-RPC request.
     pub async fn send_user_info_request(&mut self) -> anyhow::Result<i64> {
         self.send_request("userInfo", None).await
@@ -265,10 +291,46 @@ impl McpProcess {
         self.send_request("listConversations", params).await
     }
 
+    /// Send a `thread/start` JSON-RPC request.
+    pub async fn send_thread_start_request(
+        &mut self,
+        params: ThreadStartParams,
+    ) -> anyhow::Result<i64> {
+        let params = Some(serde_json::to_value(params)?);
+        self.send_request("thread/start", params).await
+    }
+
+    /// Send a `thread/resume` JSON-RPC request.
+    pub async fn send_thread_resume_request(
+        &mut self,
+        params: ThreadResumeParams,
+    ) -> anyhow::Result<i64> {
+        let params = Some(serde_json::to_value(params)?);
+        self.send_request("thread/resume", params).await
+    }
+
+    /// Send a `thread/archive` JSON-RPC request.
+    pub async fn send_thread_archive_request(
+        &mut self,
+        params: ThreadArchiveParams,
+    ) -> anyhow::Result<i64> {
+        let params = Some(serde_json::to_value(params)?);
+        self.send_request("thread/archive", params).await
+    }
+
+    /// Send a `thread/list` JSON-RPC request.
+    pub async fn send_thread_list_request(
+        &mut self,
+        params: ThreadListParams,
+    ) -> anyhow::Result<i64> {
+        let params = Some(serde_json::to_value(params)?);
+        self.send_request("thread/list", params).await
+    }
+
     /// Send a `model/list` JSON-RPC request.
     pub async fn send_list_models_request(
         &mut self,
-        params: ListModelsParams,
+        params: ModelListParams,
     ) -> anyhow::Result<i64> {
         let params = Some(serde_json::to_value(params)?);
         self.send_request("model/list", params).await
@@ -297,6 +359,24 @@ impl McpProcess {
         self.send_request("loginChatGpt", None).await
     }
 
+    /// Send a `turn/start` JSON-RPC request (v2).
+    pub async fn send_turn_start_request(
+        &mut self,
+        params: TurnStartParams,
+    ) -> anyhow::Result<i64> {
+        let params = Some(serde_json::to_value(params)?);
+        self.send_request("turn/start", params).await
+    }
+
+    /// Send a `turn/interrupt` JSON-RPC request (v2).
+    pub async fn send_turn_interrupt_request(
+        &mut self,
+        params: TurnInterruptParams,
+    ) -> anyhow::Result<i64> {
+        let params = Some(serde_json::to_value(params)?);
+        self.send_request("turn/interrupt", params).await
+    }
+
     /// Send a `cancelLoginChatGpt` JSON-RPC request.
     pub async fn send_cancel_login_chat_gpt_request(
         &mut self,
@@ -311,6 +391,40 @@ impl McpProcess {
         self.send_request("logoutChatGpt", None).await
     }
 
+    /// Send an `account/logout` JSON-RPC request.
+    pub async fn send_logout_account_request(&mut self) -> anyhow::Result<i64> {
+        self.send_request("account/logout", None).await
+    }
+
+    /// Send an `account/login/start` JSON-RPC request for API key login.
+    pub async fn send_login_account_api_key_request(
+        &mut self,
+        api_key: &str,
+    ) -> anyhow::Result<i64> {
+        let params = serde_json::json!({
+            "type": "apiKey",
+            "apiKey": api_key,
+        });
+        self.send_request("account/login/start", Some(params)).await
+    }
+
+    /// Send an `account/login/start` JSON-RPC request for ChatGPT login.
+    pub async fn send_login_account_chatgpt_request(&mut self) -> anyhow::Result<i64> {
+        let params = serde_json::json!({
+            "type": "chatgpt"
+        });
+        self.send_request("account/login/start", Some(params)).await
+    }
+
+    /// Send an `account/login/cancel` JSON-RPC request.
+    pub async fn send_cancel_login_account_request(
+        &mut self,
+        params: CancelLoginAccountParams,
+    ) -> anyhow::Result<i64> {
+        let params = Some(serde_json::to_value(params)?);
+        self.send_request("account/login/cancel", params).await
+    }
+
     /// Send a `fuzzyFileSearch` JSON-RPC request.
     pub async fn send_fuzzy_file_search_request(
         &mut self,

codex-rs/app-server/tests/common/mock_model_server.rs

@@ -29,6 +29,25 @@ pub async fn create_mock_chat_completions_server(responses: Vec<String>) -> Mock
     server
 }
 
+/// Same as `create_mock_chat_completions_server` but does not enforce an
+/// expectation on the number of calls.
+pub async fn create_mock_chat_completions_server_unchecked(responses: Vec<String>) -> MockServer {
+    let server = MockServer::start().await;
+
+    let seq_responder = SeqResponder {
+        num_calls: AtomicUsize::new(0),
+        responses,
+    };
+
+    Mock::given(method("POST"))
+        .and(path("/v1/chat/completions"))
+        .respond_with(seq_responder)
+        .mount(&server)
+        .await;
+
+    server
+}
+
 struct SeqResponder {
     num_calls: AtomicUsize,
     responses: Vec<String>,

codex-rs/app-server/tests/common/rollout.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+use anyhow::Result;
+use codex_protocol::ConversationId;
+use codex_protocol::protocol::SessionMeta;
+use codex_protocol::protocol::SessionSource;
+use serde_json::json;
+use std::fs;
+use std::path::Path;
+use std::path::PathBuf;
+use uuid::Uuid;
+
+/// Create a minimal rollout file under `CODEX_HOME/sessions/YYYY/MM/DD/`.
+///
+/// - `filename_ts` is the filename timestamp component in `YYYY-MM-DDThh-mm-ss` format.
+/// - `meta_rfc3339` is the envelope timestamp used in JSON lines.
+/// - `preview` is the user message preview text.
+/// - `model_provider` optionally sets the provider in the session meta payload.
+///
+/// Returns the generated conversation/session UUID as a string.
+pub fn create_fake_rollout(
+    codex_home: &Path,
+    filename_ts: &str,
+    meta_rfc3339: &str,
+    preview: &str,
+    model_provider: Option<&str>,
+) -> Result<String> {
+    let uuid = Uuid::new_v4();
+    let uuid_str = uuid.to_string();
+    let conversation_id = ConversationId::from_string(&uuid_str)?;
+
+    // sessions/YYYY/MM/DD derived from filename_ts (YYYY-MM-DDThh-mm-ss)
+    let year = &filename_ts[0..4];
+    let month = &filename_ts[5..7];
+    let day = &filename_ts[8..10];
+    let dir = codex_home.join("sessions").join(year).join(month).join(day);
+    fs::create_dir_all(&dir)?;
+
+    let file_path = dir.join(format!("rollout-{filename_ts}-{uuid}.jsonl"));
+
+    // Build JSONL lines
+    let payload = serde_json::to_value(SessionMeta {
+        id: conversation_id,
+        timestamp: meta_rfc3339.to_string(),
+        cwd: PathBuf::from("/"),
+        originator: "codex".to_string(),
+        cli_version: "0.0.0".to_string(),
+        instructions: None,
+        source: SessionSource::Cli,
+        model_provider: model_provider.map(str::to_string),
+    })?;
+
+    let lines = [
+        json!({
+            "timestamp": meta_rfc3339,
+            "type": "session_meta",
+            "payload": payload
+        })
+        .to_string(),
+        json!({
+            "timestamp": meta_rfc3339,
+            "type":"response_item",
+            "payload": {
+                "type":"message",
+                "role":"user",
+                "content":[{"type":"input_text","text": preview}]
+            }
+        })
+        .to_string(),
+        json!({
+            "timestamp": meta_rfc3339,
+            "type":"event_msg",
+            "payload": {
+                "type":"user_message",
+                "message": preview,
+                "kind": "plain"
+            }
+        })
+        .to_string(),
+    ];
+
+    fs::write(file_path, lines.join("\n") + "\n")?;
+    Ok(uuid_str)
+}

codex-rs/app-server/tests/suite/archive_conversation.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
-use std::path::Path;
-
+use anyhow::Result;
 use app_test_support::McpProcess;
 use app_test_support::to_response;
 use codex_app_server_protocol::ArchiveConversationParams;
@@ -9,45 +8,37 @@ use codex_app_server_protocol::NewConversationParams;
 use codex_app_server_protocol::NewConversationResponse;
 use codex_app_server_protocol::RequestId;
 use codex_core::ARCHIVED_SESSIONS_SUBDIR;
+use std::path::Path;
 use tempfile::TempDir;
 use tokio::time::timeout;
 
-const DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT: std::time::Duration = std::time::Duration::from_secs(10);
+const DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT: std::time::Duration = std::time::Duration::from_secs(20);
 
 #[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread", worker_threads = 2)]
-async fn archive_conversation_moves_rollout_into_archived_directory() {
-    let codex_home = TempDir::new().expect("create temp dir");
-    create_config_toml(codex_home.path()).expect("write config.toml");
+async fn archive_conversation_moves_rollout_into_archived_directory() -> Result<()> {
+    let codex_home = TempDir::new()?;
+    create_config_toml(codex_home.path())?;
 
-    let mut mcp = McpProcess::new(codex_home.path())
-        .await
-        .expect("spawn mcp process");
-    timeout(DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT, mcp.initialize())
-        .await
-        .expect("initialize timeout")
-        .expect("initialize request");
+    let mut mcp = McpProcess::new(codex_home.path()).await?;
+    timeout(DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT, mcp.initialize()).await??;
 
     let new_request_id = mcp
         .send_new_conversation_request(NewConversationParams {
             model: Some("mock-model".to_string()),
             ..Default::default()
         })
-        .await
-        .expect("send newConversation");
+        .await?;
     let new_response: JSONRPCResponse = timeout(
         DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
         mcp.read_stream_until_response_message(RequestId::Integer(new_request_id)),
     )
-    .await
-    .expect("newConversation timeout")
-    .expect("newConversation response");
+    .await??;
 
     let NewConversationResponse {
         conversation_id,
         rollout_path,
         ..
-    } = to_response::<NewConversationResponse>(new_response)
-        .expect("deserialize newConversation response");
+    } = to_response::<NewConversationResponse>(new_response)?;
 
     assert!(
         rollout_path.exists(),
@@ -60,19 +51,15 @@ async fn archive_conversation_moves_rollout_into_archived_directory() {
             conversation_id,
             rollout_path: rollout_path.clone(),
         })
-        .await
-        .expect("send archiveConversation");
+        .await?;
     let archive_response: JSONRPCResponse = timeout(
         DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
         mcp.read_stream_until_response_message(RequestId::Integer(archive_request_id)),
     )
-    .await
-    .expect("archiveConversation timeout")
-    .expect("archiveConversation response");
+    .await??;
 
     let _: ArchiveConversationResponse =
-        to_response::<ArchiveConversationResponse>(archive_response)
-            .expect("deserialize archiveConversation response");
+        to_response::<ArchiveConversationResponse>(archive_response)?;
 
     let archived_directory = codex_home.path().join(ARCHIVED_SESSIONS_SUBDIR);
     let archived_rollout_path =
@@ -90,6 +77,8 @@ async fn archive_conversation_moves_rollout_into_archived_directory() {
         "expected archived rollout path {} to exist",
         archived_rollout_path.display()
     );
+
+    Ok(())
 }
 
 fn create_config_toml(codex_home: &Path) -> std::io::Result<()> {

codex-rs/app-server/tests/suite/auth.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
-use std::path::Path;
-
+use anyhow::Result;
 use app_test_support::McpProcess;
 use app_test_support::to_response;
 use codex_app_server_protocol::AuthMode;
@@ -11,6 +10,7 @@ use codex_app_server_protocol::LoginApiKeyParams;
 use codex_app_server_protocol::LoginApiKeyResponse;
 use codex_app_server_protocol::RequestId;
 use pretty_assertions::assert_eq;
+use std::path::Path;
 use tempfile::TempDir;
 use tokio::time::timeout;
 
@@ -71,125 +71,99 @@ forced_login_method = "{forced_method}"
     std::fs::write(config_toml, contents)
 }
 
-async fn login_with_api_key_via_request(mcp: &mut McpProcess, api_key: &str) {
+async fn login_with_api_key_via_request(mcp: &mut McpProcess, api_key: &str) -> Result<()> {
     let request_id = mcp
         .send_login_api_key_request(LoginApiKeyParams {
             api_key: api_key.to_string(),
         })
-        .await
-        .unwrap_or_else(|e| panic!("send loginApiKey: {e}"));
+        .await?;
 
     let resp: JSONRPCResponse = timeout(
         DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
         mcp.read_stream_until_response_message(RequestId::Integer(request_id)),
     )
-    .await
-    .unwrap_or_else(|e| panic!("loginApiKey timeout: {e}"))
-    .unwrap_or_else(|e| panic!("loginApiKey response: {e}"));
-    let _: LoginApiKeyResponse =
-        to_response(resp).unwrap_or_else(|e| panic!("deserialize login response: {e}"));
+    .await??;
+    let _: LoginApiKeyResponse = to_response(resp)?;
+    Ok(())
 }
 
 #[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread", worker_threads = 2)]
-async fn get_auth_status_no_auth() {
-    let codex_home = TempDir::new().unwrap_or_else(|e| panic!("create tempdir: {e}"));
-    create_config_toml(codex_home.path()).unwrap_or_else(|err| panic!("write config.toml: {err}"));
+async fn get_auth_status_no_auth() -> Result<()> {
+    let codex_home = TempDir::new()?;
+    create_config_toml(codex_home.path())?;
 
-    let mut mcp = McpProcess::new_with_env(codex_home.path(), &[("OPENAI_API_KEY", None)])
-        .await
-        .expect("spawn mcp process");
-    timeout(DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT, mcp.initialize())
-        .await
-        .expect("init timeout")
-        .expect("init failed");
+    let mut mcp = McpProcess::new_with_env(codex_home.path(), &[("OPENAI_API_KEY", None)]).await?;
+    timeout(DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT, mcp.initialize()).await??;
 
     let request_id = mcp
         .send_get_auth_status_request(GetAuthStatusParams {
             include_token: Some(true),
             refresh_token: Some(false),
         })
-        .await
-        .expect("send getAuthStatus");
+        .await?;
 
     let resp: JSONRPCResponse = timeout(
         DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
         mcp.read_stream_until_response_message(RequestId::Integer(request_id)),
     )
-    .await
-    .expect("getAuthStatus timeout")
-    .expect("getAuthStatus response");
-    let status: GetAuthStatusResponse = to_response(resp).expect("deserialize status");
+    .await??;
+    let status: GetAuthStatusResponse = to_response(resp)?;
     assert_eq!(status.auth_method, None, "expected no auth method");
     assert_eq!(status.auth_token, None, "expected no token");
+    Ok(())
 }
 
 #[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread", worker_threads = 2)]
-async fn get_auth_status_with_api_key() {
-    let codex_home = TempDir::new().unwrap_or_else(|e| panic!("create tempdir: {e}"));
-    create_config_toml(codex_home.path()).unwrap_or_else(|err| panic!("write config.toml: {err}"));
+async fn get_auth_status_with_api_key() -> Result<()> {
+    let codex_home = TempDir::new()?;
+    create_config_toml(codex_home.path())?;
 
-    let mut mcp = McpProcess::new(codex_home.path())
-        .await
-        .expect("spawn mcp process");
-    timeout(DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT, mcp.initialize())
-        .await
-        .expect("init timeout")
-        .expect("init failed");
+    let mut mcp = McpProcess::new(codex_home.path()).await?;
+    timeout(DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT, mcp.initialize()).await??;
 
-    login_with_api_key_via_request(&mut mcp, "sk-test-key").await;
+    login_with_api_key_via_request(&mut mcp, "sk-test-key").await?;
 
     let request_id = mcp
         .send_get_auth_status_request(GetAuthStatusParams {
             include_token: Some(true),
             refresh_token: Some(false),
         })
-        .await
-        .expect("send getAuthStatus");
+        .await?;
 
     let resp: JSONRPCResponse = timeout(
         DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
         mcp.read_stream_until_response_message(RequestId::Integer(request_id)),
     )
-    .await
-    .expect("getAuthStatus timeout")
-    .expect("getAuthStatus response");
-    let status: GetAuthStatusResponse = to_response(resp).expect("deserialize status");
+    .await??;
+    let status: GetAuthStatusResponse = to_response(resp)?;
     assert_eq!(status.auth_method, Some(AuthMode::ApiKey));
     assert_eq!(status.auth_token, Some("sk-test-key".to_string()));
+    Ok(())
 }
 
 #[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread", worker_threads = 2)]
-async fn get_auth_status_with_api_key_when_auth_not_required() {
-    let codex_home = TempDir::new().unwrap_or_else(|e| panic!("create tempdir: {e}"));
-    create_config_toml_custom_provider(codex_home.path(), false)
-        .unwrap_or_else(|err| panic!("write config.toml: {err}"));
+async fn get_auth_status_with_api_key_when_auth_not_required() -> Result<()> {
+    let codex_home = TempDir::new()?;
+    create_config_toml_custom_provider(codex_home.path(), false)?;
 
-    let mut mcp = McpProcess::new(codex_home.path())
-        .await
-        .expect("spawn mcp process");
-    timeout(DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT, mcp.initialize())
-        .await
-        .expect("init timeout")
-        .expect("init failed");
+    let mut mcp = McpProcess::new(codex_home.path()).await?;
+    timeout(DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT, mcp.initialize()).await??;
 
-    login_with_api_key_via_request(&mut mcp, "sk-test-key").await;
+    login_with_api_key_via_request(&mut mcp, "sk-test-key").await?;
 
     let request_id = mcp
         .send_get_auth_status_request(GetAuthStatusParams {
             include_token: Some(true),
             refresh_token: Some(false),
         })
-        .await
-        .expect("send getAuthStatus");
+        .await?;
 
     let resp: JSONRPCResponse = timeout(
         DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
         mcp.read_stream_until_response_message(RequestId::Integer(request_id)),
     )
-    .await
-    .expect("getAuthStatus timeout")
-    .expect("getAuthStatus response");
-    let status: GetAuthStatusResponse = to_response(resp).expect("deserialize status");
+    .await??;
+    let status: GetAuthStatusResponse = to_response(resp)?;
     assert_eq!(status.auth_method, None, "expected no auth method");
     assert_eq!(status.auth_token, None, "expected no token");
     assert_eq!(
@@ -197,76 +171,60 @@ async fn get_auth_status_with_api_key_when_auth_not_required() {
         Some(false),
         "requires_openai_auth should be false",
     );
+    Ok(())
 }
 
 #[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread", worker_threads = 2)]
-async fn get_auth_status_with_api_key_no_include_token() {
-    let codex_home = TempDir::new().unwrap_or_else(|e| panic!("create tempdir: {e}"));
-    create_config_toml(codex_home.path()).unwrap_or_else(|err| panic!("write config.toml: {err}"));
+async fn get_auth_status_with_api_key_no_include_token() -> Result<()> {
+    let codex_home = TempDir::new()?;
+    create_config_toml(codex_home.path())?;
 
-    let mut mcp = McpProcess::new(codex_home.path())
-        .await
-        .expect("spawn mcp process");
-    timeout(DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT, mcp.initialize())
-        .await
-        .expect("init timeout")
-        .expect("init failed");
+    let mut mcp = McpProcess::new(codex_home.path()).await?;
+    timeout(DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT, mcp.initialize()).await??;
 
-    login_with_api_key_via_request(&mut mcp, "sk-test-key").await;
+    login_with_api_key_via_request(&mut mcp, "sk-test-key").await?;
 
     // Build params via struct so None field is omitted in wire JSON.
     let params = GetAuthStatusParams {
         include_token: None,
         refresh_token: Some(false),
     };
-    let request_id = mcp
-        .send_get_auth_status_request(params)
-        .await
-        .expect("send getAuthStatus");
+    let request_id = mcp.send_get_auth_status_request(params).await?;
 
     let resp: JSONRPCResponse = timeout(
         DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
         mcp.read_stream_until_response_message(RequestId::Integer(request_id)),
     )
-    .await
-    .expect("getAuthStatus timeout")
-    .expect("getAuthStatus response");
-    let status: GetAuthStatusResponse = to_response(resp).expect("deserialize status");
+    .await??;
+    let status: GetAuthStatusResponse = to_response(resp)?;
     assert_eq!(status.auth_method, Some(AuthMode::ApiKey));
     assert!(status.auth_token.is_none(), "token must be omitted");
+    Ok(())
 }
 
 #[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread", worker_threads = 2)]
-async fn login_api_key_rejected_when_forced_chatgpt() {
-    let codex_home = TempDir::new().unwrap_or_else(|e| panic!("create tempdir: {e}"));
-    create_config_toml_forced_login(codex_home.path(), "chatgpt")
-        .unwrap_or_else(|err| panic!("write config.toml: {err}"));
+async fn login_api_key_rejected_when_forced_chatgpt() -> Result<()> {
+    let codex_home = TempDir::new()?;
+    create_config_toml_forced_login(codex_home.path(), "chatgpt")?;
 
-    let mut mcp = McpProcess::new(codex_home.path())
-        .await
-        .expect("spawn mcp process");
-    timeout(DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT, mcp.initialize())
-        .await
-        .expect("init timeout")
-        .expect("init failed");
+    let mut mcp = McpProcess::new(codex_home.path()).await?;
+    timeout(DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT, mcp.initialize()).await??;
 
     let request_id = mcp
         .send_login_api_key_request(LoginApiKeyParams {
             api_key: "sk-test-key".to_string(),
         })
-        .await
-        .expect("send loginApiKey");
+        .await?;
 
     let err: JSONRPCError = timeout(
         DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
         mcp.read_stream_until_error_message(RequestId::Integer(request_id)),
     )
-    .await
-    .expect("loginApiKey error timeout")
-    .expect("loginApiKey error");
+    .await??;
 
     assert_eq!(
         err.error.message,
         "API key login is disabled. Use ChatGPT login instead."
     );
+    Ok(())
 }

codex-rs/app-server/tests/suite/codex_message_processor_flow.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
-use std::path::Path;
-
+use anyhow::Result;
 use app_test_support::McpProcess;
 use app_test_support::create_final_assistant_message_sse_response;
 use app_test_support::create_mock_chat_completions_server;
@@ -32,26 +31,27 @@ use codex_protocol::protocol::Event;
 use codex_protocol::protocol::EventMsg;
 use pretty_assertions::assert_eq;
 use std::env;
+use std::path::Path;
 use tempfile::TempDir;
 use tokio::time::timeout;
 
 const DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT: std::time::Duration = std::time::Duration::from_secs(10);
 
 #[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread", worker_threads = 4)]
-async fn test_codex_jsonrpc_conversation_flow() {
+async fn test_codex_jsonrpc_conversation_flow() -> Result<()> {
     if env::var(CODEX_SANDBOX_NETWORK_DISABLED_ENV_VAR).is_ok() {
         println!(
             "Skipping test because it cannot execute when network is disabled in a Codex sandbox."
         );
-        return;
+        return Ok(());
     }
 
-    let tmp = TempDir::new().expect("tmp dir");
+    let tmp = TempDir::new()?;
     // Temporary Codex home with config pointing at the mock server.
     let codex_home = tmp.path().join("codex_home");
-    std::fs::create_dir(&codex_home).expect("create codex home dir");
+    std::fs::create_dir(&codex_home)?;
     let working_directory = tmp.path().join("workdir");
-    std::fs::create_dir(&working_directory).expect("create working directory");
+    std::fs::create_dir(&working_directory)?;
 
     // Create a mock model server that immediately ends each turn.
     // Two turns are expected: initial session configure + one user message.
@@ -61,20 +61,15 @@ async fn test_codex_jsonrpc_conversation_flow() {
             Some(&working_directory),
             Some(5000),
             "call1234",
-        )
-        .expect("create shell sse response"),
-        create_final_assistant_message_sse_response("Enjoy your new git repo!")
-            .expect("create final assistant message"),
+        )?,
+        create_final_assistant_message_sse_response("Enjoy your new git repo!")?,
     ];
     let server = create_mock_chat_completions_server(responses).await;
-    create_config_toml(&codex_home, &server.uri()).expect("write config");
+    create_config_toml(&codex_home, &server.uri())?;
 
     // Start MCP server and initialize.
-    let mut mcp = McpProcess::new(&codex_home).await.expect("spawn mcp");
-    timeout(DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT, mcp.initialize())
-        .await
-        .expect("init timeout")
-        .expect("init error");
+    let mut mcp = McpProcess::new(&codex_home).await?;
+    timeout(DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT, mcp.initialize()).await??;
 
     // 1) newConversation
     let new_conv_id = mcp
@@ -82,17 +77,13 @@ async fn test_codex_jsonrpc_conversation_flow() {
             cwd: Some(working_directory.to_string_lossy().into_owned()),
             ..Default::default()
         })
-        .await
-        .expect("send newConversation");
+        .await?;
     let new_conv_resp: JSONRPCResponse = timeout(
         DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
         mcp.read_stream_until_response_message(RequestId::Integer(new_conv_id)),
     )
-    .await
-    .expect("newConversation timeout")
-    .expect("newConversation resp");
-    let new_conv_resp = to_response::<NewConversationResponse>(new_conv_resp)
-        .expect("deserialize newConversation response");
+    .await??;
+    let new_conv_resp = to_response::<NewConversationResponse>(new_conv_resp)?;
     let NewConversationResponse {
         conversation_id,
         model,
@@ -103,19 +94,18 @@ async fn test_codex_jsonrpc_conversation_flow() {
 
     // 2) addConversationListener
     let add_listener_id = mcp
-        .send_add_conversation_listener_request(AddConversationListenerParams { conversation_id })
-        .await
-        .expect("send addConversationListener");
+        .send_add_conversation_listener_request(AddConversationListenerParams {
+            conversation_id,
+            experimental_raw_events: false,
+        })
+        .await?;
     let add_listener_resp: JSONRPCResponse = timeout(
         DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
         mcp.read_stream_until_response_message(RequestId::Integer(add_listener_id)),
     )
-    .await
-    .expect("addConversationListener timeout")
-    .expect("addConversationListener resp");
+    .await??;
     let AddConversationSubscriptionResponse { subscription_id } =
-        to_response::<AddConversationSubscriptionResponse>(add_listener_resp)
-            .expect("deserialize addConversationListener response");
+        to_response::<AddConversationSubscriptionResponse>(add_listener_resp)?;
 
     // 3) sendUserMessage (should trigger notifications; we only validate an OK response)
     let send_user_id = mcp
@@ -125,17 +115,13 @@ async fn test_codex_jsonrpc_conversation_flow() {
                 text: "text".to_string(),
             }],
         })
-        .await
-        .expect("send sendUserMessage");
+        .await?;
     let send_user_resp: JSONRPCResponse = timeout(
         DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
         mcp.read_stream_until_response_message(RequestId::Integer(send_user_id)),
     )
-    .await
-    .expect("sendUserMessage timeout")
-    .expect("sendUserMessage resp");
-    let SendUserMessageResponse {} = to_response::<SendUserMessageResponse>(send_user_resp)
-        .expect("deserialize sendUserMessage response");
+    .await??;
+    let SendUserMessageResponse {} = to_response::<SendUserMessageResponse>(send_user_resp)?;
 
     // Verify the task_finished notification is received.
     // Note this also ensures that the final request to the server was made.
@@ -143,9 +129,7 @@ async fn test_codex_jsonrpc_conversation_flow() {
         DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
         mcp.read_stream_until_notification_message("codex/event/task_complete"),
     )
-    .await
-    .expect("task_finished_notification timeout")
-    .expect("task_finished_notification resp");
+    .await??;
     let serde_json::Value::Object(map) = task_finished_notification
         .params
         .expect("notification should have params")
@@ -163,33 +147,31 @@ async fn test_codex_jsonrpc_conversation_flow() {
         .send_remove_conversation_listener_request(RemoveConversationListenerParams {
             subscription_id,
         })
-        .await
-        .expect("send removeConversationListener");
+        .await?;
     let remove_listener_resp: JSONRPCResponse = timeout(
         DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
         mcp.read_stream_until_response_message(RequestId::Integer(remove_listener_id)),
     )
-    .await
-    .expect("removeConversationListener timeout")
-    .expect("removeConversationListener resp");
-    let RemoveConversationSubscriptionResponse {} =
-        to_response(remove_listener_resp).expect("deserialize removeConversationListener response");
+    .await??;
+    let RemoveConversationSubscriptionResponse {} = to_response(remove_listener_resp)?;
+
+    Ok(())
 }
 
 #[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread", worker_threads = 4)]
-async fn test_send_user_turn_changes_approval_policy_behavior() {
+async fn test_send_user_turn_changes_approval_policy_behavior() -> Result<()> {
     if env::var(CODEX_SANDBOX_NETWORK_DISABLED_ENV_VAR).is_ok() {
         println!(
             "Skipping test because it cannot execute when network is disabled in a Codex sandbox."
         );
-        return;
+        return Ok(());
     }
 
-    let tmp = TempDir::new().expect("tmp dir");
+    let tmp = TempDir::new()?;
     let codex_home = tmp.path().join("codex_home");
-    std::fs::create_dir(&codex_home).expect("create codex home dir");
+    std::fs::create_dir(&codex_home)?;
     let working_directory = tmp.path().join("workdir");
-    std::fs::create_dir(&working_directory).expect("create working directory");
+    std::fs::create_dir(&working_directory)?;
 
     // Mock server will request a python shell call for the first and second turn, then finish.
     let responses = vec![
@@ -202,10 +184,8 @@ async fn test_send_user_turn_changes_approval_policy_behavior() {
             Some(&working_directory),
             Some(5000),
             "call1",
-        )
-        .expect("create first shell sse response"),
-        create_final_assistant_message_sse_response("done 1")
-            .expect("create final assistant message 1"),
+        )?,
+        create_final_assistant_message_sse_response("done 1")?,
         create_shell_sse_response(
             vec![
                 "python3".to_string(),
@@ -215,20 +195,15 @@ async fn test_send_user_turn_changes_approval_policy_behavior() {
             Some(&working_directory),
             Some(5000),
             "call2",
-        )
-        .expect("create second shell sse response"),
-        create_final_assistant_message_sse_response("done 2")
-            .expect("create final assistant message 2"),
+        )?,
+        create_final_assistant_message_sse_response("done 2")?,
     ];
     let server = create_mock_chat_completions_server(responses).await;
-    create_config_toml(&codex_home, &server.uri()).expect("write config");
+    create_config_toml(&codex_home, &server.uri())?;
 
     // Start MCP server and initialize.
-    let mut mcp = McpProcess::new(&codex_home).await.expect("spawn mcp");
-    timeout(DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT, mcp.initialize())
-        .await
-        .expect("init timeout")
-        .expect("init error");
+    let mut mcp = McpProcess::new(&codex_home).await?;
+    timeout(DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT, mcp.initialize()).await??;
 
     // 1) Start conversation with approval_policy=untrusted
     let new_conv_id = mcp
@@ -236,36 +211,30 @@ async fn test_send_user_turn_changes_approval_policy_behavior() {
             cwd: Some(working_directory.to_string_lossy().into_owned()),
             ..Default::default()
         })
-        .await
-        .expect("send newConversation");
+        .await?;
     let new_conv_resp: JSONRPCResponse = timeout(
         DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
         mcp.read_stream_until_response_message(RequestId::Integer(new_conv_id)),
     )
-    .await
-    .expect("newConversation timeout")
-    .expect("newConversation resp");
+    .await??;
     let NewConversationResponse {
         conversation_id, ..
-    } = to_response::<NewConversationResponse>(new_conv_resp)
-        .expect("deserialize newConversation response");
+    } = to_response::<NewConversationResponse>(new_conv_resp)?;
 
     // 2) addConversationListener
     let add_listener_id = mcp
-        .send_add_conversation_listener_request(AddConversationListenerParams { conversation_id })
-        .await
-        .expect("send addConversationListener");
-    let _: AddConversationSubscriptionResponse =
-        to_response::<AddConversationSubscriptionResponse>(
-            timeout(
-                DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
-                mcp.read_stream_until_response_message(RequestId::Integer(add_listener_id)),
-            )
-            .await
-            .expect("addConversationListener timeout")
-            .expect("addConversationListener resp"),
+        .send_add_conversation_listener_request(AddConversationListenerParams {
+            conversation_id,
+            experimental_raw_events: false,
+        })
+        .await?;
+    let _: AddConversationSubscriptionResponse = to_response::<AddConversationSubscriptionResponse>(
+        timeout(
+            DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
+            mcp.read_stream_until_response_message(RequestId::Integer(add_listener_id)),
         )
-        .expect("deserialize addConversationListener response");
+        .await??,
+    )?;
 
     // 3) sendUserMessage triggers a shell call; approval policy is Untrusted so we should get an elicitation
     let send_user_id = mcp
@@ -275,27 +244,21 @@ async fn test_send_user_turn_changes_approval_policy_behavior() {
                 text: "run python".to_string(),
             }],
         })
-        .await
-        .expect("send sendUserMessage");
+        .await?;
     let _send_user_resp: SendUserMessageResponse = to_response::<SendUserMessageResponse>(
         timeout(
             DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
             mcp.read_stream_until_response_message(RequestId::Integer(send_user_id)),
         )
-        .await
-        .expect("sendUserMessage timeout")
-        .expect("sendUserMessage resp"),
-    )
-    .expect("deserialize sendUserMessage response");
+        .await??,
+    )?;
 
     // Expect an ExecCommandApproval request (elicitation)
     let request = timeout(
         DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
         mcp.read_stream_until_request_message(),
     )
-    .await
-    .expect("waiting for exec approval request timeout")
-    .expect("exec approval request");
+    .await??;
     let ServerRequest::ExecCommandApproval { request_id, params } = request else {
         panic!("expected ExecCommandApproval request, got: {request:?}");
     };
@@ -311,6 +274,7 @@ async fn test_send_user_turn_changes_approval_policy_behavior() {
             ],
             cwd: working_directory.clone(),
             reason: None,
+            risk: None,
             parsed_cmd: vec![ParsedCommand::Unknown {
                 cmd: "python3 -c 'print(42)'".to_string()
             }],
@@ -323,17 +287,14 @@ async fn test_send_user_turn_changes_approval_policy_behavior() {
         request_id,
         serde_json::json!({ "decision": codex_core::protocol::ReviewDecision::Approved }),
     )
-    .await
-    .expect("send approval response");
+    .await?;
 
     // Wait for first TaskComplete
     let _ = timeout(
         DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
         mcp.read_stream_until_notification_message("codex/event/task_complete"),
     )
-    .await
-    .expect("task_complete 1 timeout")
-    .expect("task_complete 1 notification");
+    .await??;
 
     // 4) sendUserTurn with approval_policy=never should run without elicitation
     let send_turn_id = mcp
@@ -349,19 +310,15 @@ async fn test_send_user_turn_changes_approval_policy_behavior() {
             effort: Some(ReasoningEffort::Medium),
             summary: ReasoningSummary::Auto,
         })
-        .await
-        .expect("send sendUserTurn");
+        .await?;
     // Acknowledge sendUserTurn
     let _send_turn_resp: SendUserTurnResponse = to_response::<SendUserTurnResponse>(
         timeout(
             DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
             mcp.read_stream_until_response_message(RequestId::Integer(send_turn_id)),
         )
-        .await
-        .expect("sendUserTurn timeout")
-        .expect("sendUserTurn resp"),
-    )
-    .expect("deserialize sendUserTurn response");
+        .await??,
+    )?;
 
     // Ensure we do NOT receive an ExecCommandApproval request before the task completes.
     // If any Request is seen while waiting for task_complete, the helper will error and the test fails.
@@ -369,31 +326,31 @@ async fn test_send_user_turn_changes_approval_policy_behavior() {
         DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
         mcp.read_stream_until_notification_message("codex/event/task_complete"),
     )
-    .await
-    .expect("task_complete 2 timeout")
-    .expect("task_complete 2 notification");
+    .await??;
+
+    Ok(())
 }
 
 // Helper: minimal config.toml pointing at mock provider.
 
 #[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread", worker_threads = 4)]
-async fn test_send_user_turn_updates_sandbox_and_cwd_between_turns() {
+async fn test_send_user_turn_updates_sandbox_and_cwd_between_turns() -> Result<()> {
     if env::var(CODEX_SANDBOX_NETWORK_DISABLED_ENV_VAR).is_ok() {
         println!(
             "Skipping test because it cannot execute when network is disabled in a Codex sandbox."
         );
-        return;
+        return Ok(());
     }
 
-    let tmp = TempDir::new().expect("tmp dir");
+    let tmp = TempDir::new()?;
     let codex_home = tmp.path().join("codex_home");
-    std::fs::create_dir(&codex_home).expect("create codex home dir");
+    std::fs::create_dir(&codex_home)?;
     let workspace_root = tmp.path().join("workspace");
-    std::fs::create_dir(&workspace_root).expect("create workspace root");
+    std::fs::create_dir(&workspace_root)?;
     let first_cwd = workspace_root.join("turn1");
     let second_cwd = workspace_root.join("turn2");
-    std::fs::create_dir(&first_cwd).expect("create first cwd");
-    std::fs::create_dir(&second_cwd).expect("create second cwd");
+    std::fs::create_dir(&first_cwd)?;
+    std::fs::create_dir(&second_cwd)?;
 
     let responses = vec![
         create_shell_sse_response(
@@ -405,10 +362,8 @@ async fn test_send_user_turn_updates_sandbox_and_cwd_between_turns() {
             None,
             Some(5000),
             "call-first",
-        )
-        .expect("create first shell response"),
-        create_final_assistant_message_sse_response("done first")
-            .expect("create first final assistant message"),
+        )?,
+        create_final_assistant_message_sse_response("done first")?,
         create_shell_sse_response(
             vec![
                 "bash".to_string(),
@@ -418,21 +373,14 @@ async fn test_send_user_turn_updates_sandbox_and_cwd_between_turns() {
             None,
             Some(5000),
             "call-second",
-        )
-        .expect("create second shell response"),
-        create_final_assistant_message_sse_response("done second")
-            .expect("create second final assistant message"),
+        )?,
+        create_final_assistant_message_sse_response("done second")?,
     ];
     let server = create_mock_chat_completions_server(responses).await;
-    create_config_toml(&codex_home, &server.uri()).expect("write config");
+    create_config_toml(&codex_home, &server.uri())?;
 
-    let mut mcp = McpProcess::new(&codex_home)
-        .await
-        .expect("spawn mcp process");
-    timeout(DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT, mcp.initialize())
-        .await
-        .expect("init timeout")
-        .expect("init failed");
+    let mut mcp = McpProcess::new(&codex_home).await?;
+    timeout(DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT, mcp.initialize()).await??;
 
     let new_conv_id = mcp
         .send_new_conversation_request(NewConversationParams {
@@ -441,33 +389,29 @@ async fn test_send_user_turn_updates_sandbox_and_cwd_between_turns() {
             sandbox: Some(SandboxMode::WorkspaceWrite),
             ..Default::default()
         })
-        .await
-        .expect("send newConversation");
+        .await?;
     let new_conv_resp: JSONRPCResponse = timeout(
         DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
         mcp.read_stream_until_response_message(RequestId::Integer(new_conv_id)),
     )
-    .await
-    .expect("newConversation timeout")
-    .expect("newConversation resp");
+    .await??;
     let NewConversationResponse {
         conversation_id,
         model,
         ..
-    } = to_response::<NewConversationResponse>(new_conv_resp)
-        .expect("deserialize newConversation response");
+    } = to_response::<NewConversationResponse>(new_conv_resp)?;
 
     let add_listener_id = mcp
-        .send_add_conversation_listener_request(AddConversationListenerParams { conversation_id })
-        .await
-        .expect("send addConversationListener");
+        .send_add_conversation_listener_request(AddConversationListenerParams {
+            conversation_id,
+            experimental_raw_events: false,
+        })
+        .await?;
     timeout(
         DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
         mcp.read_stream_until_response_message(RequestId::Integer(add_listener_id)),
     )
-    .await
-    .expect("addConversationListener timeout")
-    .expect("addConversationListener resp");
+    .await??;
 
     let first_turn_id = mcp
         .send_send_user_turn_request(SendUserTurnParams {
@@ -487,22 +431,17 @@ async fn test_send_user_turn_updates_sandbox_and_cwd_between_turns() {
             effort: Some(ReasoningEffort::Medium),
             summary: ReasoningSummary::Auto,
         })
-        .await
-        .expect("send first sendUserTurn");
+        .await?;
     timeout(
         DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
         mcp.read_stream_until_response_message(RequestId::Integer(first_turn_id)),
     )
-    .await
-    .expect("sendUserTurn 1 timeout")
-    .expect("sendUserTurn 1 resp");
+    .await??;
     timeout(
         DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
         mcp.read_stream_until_notification_message("codex/event/task_complete"),
     )
-    .await
-    .expect("task_complete 1 timeout")
-    .expect("task_complete 1 notification");
+    .await??;
 
     let second_turn_id = mcp
         .send_send_user_turn_request(SendUserTurnParams {
@@ -517,23 +456,18 @@ async fn test_send_user_turn_updates_sandbox_and_cwd_between_turns() {
             effort: Some(ReasoningEffort::Medium),
             summary: ReasoningSummary::Auto,
         })
-        .await
-        .expect("send second sendUserTurn");
+        .await?;
     timeout(
         DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
         mcp.read_stream_until_response_message(RequestId::Integer(second_turn_id)),
     )
-    .await
-    .expect("sendUserTurn 2 timeout")
-    .expect("sendUserTurn 2 resp");
+    .await??;
 
     let exec_begin_notification = timeout(
         DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
         mcp.read_stream_until_notification_message("codex/event/exec_command_begin"),
     )
-    .await
-    .expect("exec_command_begin timeout")
-    .expect("exec_command_begin notification");
+    .await??;
     let params = exec_begin_notification
         .params
         .clone()
@@ -561,9 +495,9 @@ async fn test_send_user_turn_updates_sandbox_and_cwd_between_turns() {
         DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
         mcp.read_stream_until_notification_message("codex/event/task_complete"),
     )
-    .await
-    .expect("task_complete 2 timeout")
-    .expect("task_complete 2 notification");
+    .await??;
+
+    Ok(())
 }
 
 fn create_config_toml(codex_home: &Path, server_uri: &str) -> std::io::Result<()> {

codex-rs/app-server/tests/suite/config.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,4 @@
-use std::collections::HashMap;
-use std::path::Path;
-
+use anyhow::Result;
 use app_test_support::McpProcess;
 use app_test_support::to_response;
 use codex_app_server_protocol::GetUserSavedConfigResponse;
@@ -17,6 +15,8 @@ use codex_protocol::config_types::ReasoningSummary;
 use codex_protocol::config_types::SandboxMode;
 use codex_protocol::config_types::Verbosity;
 use pretty_assertions::assert_eq;
+use std::collections::HashMap;
+use std::path::Path;
 use tempfile::TempDir;
 use tokio::time::timeout;
 
@@ -60,31 +60,21 @@ chatgpt_base_url = "https://api.chatgpt.com"
 }
 
 #[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread", worker_threads = 4)]
-async fn get_config_toml_parses_all_fields() {
-    let codex_home = TempDir::new().unwrap_or_else(|e| panic!("create tempdir: {e}"));
-    create_config_toml(codex_home.path()).expect("write config.toml");
+async fn get_config_toml_parses_all_fields() -> Result<()> {
+    let codex_home = TempDir::new()?;
+    create_config_toml(codex_home.path())?;
 
-    let mut mcp = McpProcess::new(codex_home.path())
-        .await
-        .expect("spawn mcp process");
-    timeout(DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT, mcp.initialize())
-        .await
-        .expect("init timeout")
-        .expect("init failed");
+    let mut mcp = McpProcess::new(codex_home.path()).await?;
+    timeout(DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT, mcp.initialize()).await??;
 
-    let request_id = mcp
-        .send_get_user_saved_config_request()
-        .await
-        .expect("send getUserSavedConfig");
+    let request_id = mcp.send_get_user_saved_config_request().await?;
     let resp: JSONRPCResponse = timeout(
         DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
         mcp.read_stream_until_response_message(RequestId::Integer(request_id)),
     )
-    .await
-    .expect("getUserSavedConfig timeout")
-    .expect("getUserSavedConfig response");
+    .await??;
 
-    let config: GetUserSavedConfigResponse = to_response(resp).expect("deserialize config");
+    let config: GetUserSavedConfigResponse = to_response(resp)?;
     let expected = GetUserSavedConfigResponse {
         config: UserSavedConfig {
             approval_policy: Some(AskForApproval::OnRequest),
@@ -122,33 +112,24 @@ async fn get_config_toml_parses_all_fields() {
     };
 
     assert_eq!(config, expected);
+    Ok(())
 }
 
 #[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread", worker_threads = 2)]
-async fn get_config_toml_empty() {
-    let codex_home = TempDir::new().unwrap_or_else(|e| panic!("create tempdir: {e}"));
+async fn get_config_toml_empty() -> Result<()> {
+    let codex_home = TempDir::new()?;
 
-    let mut mcp = McpProcess::new(codex_home.path())
-        .await
-        .expect("spawn mcp process");
-    timeout(DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT, mcp.initialize())
-        .await
-        .expect("init timeout")
-        .expect("init failed");
+    let mut mcp = McpProcess::new(codex_home.path()).await?;
+    timeout(DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT, mcp.initialize()).await??;
 
-    let request_id = mcp
-        .send_get_user_saved_config_request()
-        .await
-        .expect("send getUserSavedConfig");
+    let request_id = mcp.send_get_user_saved_config_request().await?;
     let resp: JSONRPCResponse = timeout(
         DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
         mcp.read_stream_until_response_message(RequestId::Integer(request_id)),
     )
-    .await
-    .expect("getUserSavedConfig timeout")
-    .expect("getUserSavedConfig response");
+    .await??;
 
-    let config: GetUserSavedConfigResponse = to_response(resp).expect("deserialize config");
+    let config: GetUserSavedConfigResponse = to_response(resp)?;
     let expected = GetUserSavedConfigResponse {
         config: UserSavedConfig {
             approval_policy: None,
@@ -167,4 +148,5 @@ async fn get_config_toml_empty() {
     };
 
     assert_eq!(config, expected);
+    Ok(())
 }

codex-rs/app-server/tests/suite/create_conversation.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
-use std::path::Path;
-
+use anyhow::Result;
 use app_test_support::McpProcess;
 use app_test_support::create_final_assistant_message_sse_response;
 use app_test_support::create_mock_chat_completions_server;
@@ -15,31 +14,25 @@ use codex_app_server_protocol::SendUserMessageParams;
 use codex_app_server_protocol::SendUserMessageResponse;
 use pretty_assertions::assert_eq;
 use serde_json::json;
+use std::path::Path;
 use tempfile::TempDir;
 use tokio::time::timeout;
 
 const DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT: std::time::Duration = std::time::Duration::from_secs(10);
 
 #[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread", worker_threads = 2)]
-async fn test_conversation_create_and_send_message_ok() {
+async fn test_conversation_create_and_send_message_ok() -> Result<()> {
     // Mock server – we won't strictly rely on it, but provide one to satisfy any model wiring.
-    let responses = vec![
-        create_final_assistant_message_sse_response("Done").expect("build mock assistant message"),
-    ];
+    let responses = vec![create_final_assistant_message_sse_response("Done")?];
     let server = create_mock_chat_completions_server(responses).await;
 
     // Temporary Codex home with config pointing at the mock server.
-    let codex_home = TempDir::new().expect("create temp dir");
-    create_config_toml(codex_home.path(), &server.uri()).expect("write config.toml");
+    let codex_home = TempDir::new()?;
+    create_config_toml(codex_home.path(), &server.uri())?;
 
     // Start MCP server process and initialize.
-    let mut mcp = McpProcess::new(codex_home.path())
-        .await
-        .expect("spawn mcp process");
-    timeout(DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT, mcp.initialize())
-        .await
-        .expect("init timeout")
-        .expect("init failed");
+    let mut mcp = McpProcess::new(codex_home.path()).await?;
+    timeout(DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT, mcp.initialize()).await??;
 
     // Create a conversation via the new JSON-RPC API.
     let new_conv_id = mcp
@@ -47,40 +40,35 @@ async fn test_conversation_create_and_send_message_ok() {
             model: Some("o3".to_string()),
             ..Default::default()
         })
-        .await
-        .expect("send newConversation");
+        .await?;
     let new_conv_resp: JSONRPCResponse = timeout(
         DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
         mcp.read_stream_until_response_message(RequestId::Integer(new_conv_id)),
     )
-    .await
-    .expect("newConversation timeout")
-    .expect("newConversation resp");
+    .await??;
     let NewConversationResponse {
         conversation_id,
         model,
         reasoning_effort: _,
         rollout_path: _,
-    } = to_response::<NewConversationResponse>(new_conv_resp)
-        .expect("deserialize newConversation response");
+    } = to_response::<NewConversationResponse>(new_conv_resp)?;
     assert_eq!(model, "o3");
 
     // Add a listener so we receive notifications for this conversation (not strictly required for this test).
     let add_listener_id = mcp
-        .send_add_conversation_listener_request(AddConversationListenerParams { conversation_id })
-        .await
-        .expect("send addConversationListener");
+        .send_add_conversation_listener_request(AddConversationListenerParams {
+            conversation_id,
+            experimental_raw_events: false,
+        })
+        .await?;
     let _sub: AddConversationSubscriptionResponse =
         to_response::<AddConversationSubscriptionResponse>(
             timeout(
                 DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
                 mcp.read_stream_until_response_message(RequestId::Integer(add_listener_id)),
             )
-            .await
-            .expect("addConversationListener timeout")
-            .expect("addConversationListener resp"),
-        )
-        .expect("deserialize addConversationListener response");
+            .await??,
+        )?;
 
     // Now send a user message via the wire API and expect an OK (empty object) result.
     let send_id = mcp
@@ -90,36 +78,32 @@ async fn test_conversation_create_and_send_message_ok() {
                 text: "Hello".to_string(),
             }],
         })
-        .await
-        .expect("send sendUserMessage");
+        .await?;
     let send_resp: JSONRPCResponse = timeout(
         DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
         mcp.read_stream_until_response_message(RequestId::Integer(send_id)),
     )
-    .await
-    .expect("sendUserMessage timeout")
-    .expect("sendUserMessage resp");
-    let _ok: SendUserMessageResponse = to_response::<SendUserMessageResponse>(send_resp)
-        .expect("deserialize sendUserMessage response");
+    .await??;
+    let _ok: SendUserMessageResponse = to_response::<SendUserMessageResponse>(send_resp)?;
 
     // avoid race condition by waiting for the mock server to receive the chat.completions request
     let deadline = std::time::Instant::now() + DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT;
-    loop {
+    let requests = loop {
         let requests = server.received_requests().await.unwrap_or_default();
         if !requests.is_empty() {
-            break;
+            break requests;
         }
         if std::time::Instant::now() >= deadline {
             panic!("mock server did not receive the chat.completions request in time");
         }
         tokio::time::sleep(std::time::Duration::from_millis(10)).await;
-    }
+    };
 
     // Verify the outbound request body matches expectations for Chat Completions.
-    let request = &server.received_requests().await.unwrap()[0];
-    let body = request
-        .body_json::<serde_json::Value>()
-        .expect("parse request body as JSON");
+    let request = requests
+        .first()
+        .expect("mock server should have received at least one request");
+    let body = request.body_json::<serde_json::Value>()?;
     assert_eq!(body["model"], json!("o3"));
     assert!(body["stream"].as_bool().unwrap_or(false));
     let messages = body["messages"]
@@ -130,6 +114,7 @@ async fn test_conversation_create_and_send_message_ok() {
     assert_eq!(last["content"], json!("Hello"));
 
     drop(server);
+    Ok(())
 }
 
 // Helper to create a config.toml pointing at the mock model server.

codex-rs/app-server/tests/suite/fuzzy_file_search.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-use anyhow::Context;
 use anyhow::Result;
+use anyhow::anyhow;
 use app_test_support::McpProcess;
 use codex_app_server_protocol::JSONRPCResponse;
 use codex_app_server_protocol::RequestId;
@@ -13,48 +13,39 @@ const DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT: std::time::Duration = std::time::Duration::from_secs
 #[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread", worker_threads = 2)]
 async fn test_fuzzy_file_search_sorts_and_includes_indices() -> Result<()> {
     // Prepare a temporary Codex home and a separate root with test files.
-    let codex_home = TempDir::new().context("create temp codex home")?;
-    let root = TempDir::new().context("create temp search root")?;
+    let codex_home = TempDir::new()?;
+    let root = TempDir::new()?;
 
     // Create files designed to have deterministic ordering for query "abe".
-    std::fs::write(root.path().join("abc"), "x").context("write file abc")?;
-    std::fs::write(root.path().join("abcde"), "x").context("write file abcde")?;
-    std::fs::write(root.path().join("abexy"), "x").context("write file abexy")?;
-    std::fs::write(root.path().join("zzz.txt"), "x").context("write file zzz")?;
+    std::fs::write(root.path().join("abc"), "x")?;
+    std::fs::write(root.path().join("abcde"), "x")?;
+    std::fs::write(root.path().join("abexy"), "x")?;
+    std::fs::write(root.path().join("zzz.txt"), "x")?;
     let sub_dir = root.path().join("sub");
-    std::fs::create_dir_all(&sub_dir).context("create sub dir")?;
+    std::fs::create_dir_all(&sub_dir)?;
     let sub_abce_path = sub_dir.join("abce");
-    std::fs::write(&sub_abce_path, "x").context("write file sub/abce")?;
+    std::fs::write(&sub_abce_path, "x")?;
     let sub_abce_rel = sub_abce_path
-        .strip_prefix(root.path())
-        .context("strip root prefix from sub/abce")?
+        .strip_prefix(root.path())?
         .to_string_lossy()
         .to_string();
 
     // Start MCP server and initialize.
-    let mut mcp = McpProcess::new(codex_home.path())
-        .await
-        .context("spawn mcp")?;
-    timeout(DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT, mcp.initialize())
-        .await
-        .context("init timeout")?
-        .context("init failed")?;
+    let mut mcp = McpProcess::new(codex_home.path()).await?;
+    timeout(DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT, mcp.initialize()).await??;
 
     let root_path = root.path().to_string_lossy().to_string();
     // Send fuzzyFileSearch request.
     let request_id = mcp
         .send_fuzzy_file_search_request("abe", vec![root_path.clone()], None)
-        .await
-        .context("send fuzzyFileSearch")?;
+        .await?;
 
     // Read response and verify shape and ordering.
     let resp: JSONRPCResponse = timeout(
         DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
         mcp.read_stream_until_response_message(RequestId::Integer(request_id)),
     )
-    .await
-    .context("fuzzyFileSearch timeout")?
-    .context("fuzzyFileSearch resp")?;
+    .await??;
 
     let value = resp.result;
     // The path separator on Windows affects the score.
@@ -94,24 +85,18 @@ async fn test_fuzzy_file_search_sorts_and_includes_indices() -> Result<()> {
 
 #[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread", worker_threads = 2)]
 async fn test_fuzzy_file_search_accepts_cancellation_token() -> Result<()> {
-    let codex_home = TempDir::new().context("create temp codex home")?;
-    let root = TempDir::new().context("create temp search root")?;
+    let codex_home = TempDir::new()?;
+    let root = TempDir::new()?;
 
-    std::fs::write(root.path().join("alpha.txt"), "contents").context("write alpha")?;
+    std::fs::write(root.path().join("alpha.txt"), "contents")?;
 
-    let mut mcp = McpProcess::new(codex_home.path())
-        .await
-        .context("spawn mcp")?;
-    timeout(DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT, mcp.initialize())
-        .await
-        .context("init timeout")?
-        .context("init failed")?;
+    let mut mcp = McpProcess::new(codex_home.path()).await?;
+    timeout(DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT, mcp.initialize()).await??;
 
     let root_path = root.path().to_string_lossy().to_string();
     let request_id = mcp
         .send_fuzzy_file_search_request("alp", vec![root_path.clone()], None)
-        .await
-        .context("send fuzzyFileSearch")?;
+        .await?;
 
     let request_id_2 = mcp
         .send_fuzzy_file_search_request(
@@ -119,23 +104,20 @@ async fn test_fuzzy_file_search_accepts_cancellation_token() -> Result<()> {
             vec![root_path.clone()],
             Some(request_id.to_string()),
         )
-        .await
-        .context("send fuzzyFileSearch")?;
+        .await?;
 
     let resp: JSONRPCResponse = timeout(
         DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
         mcp.read_stream_until_response_message(RequestId::Integer(request_id_2)),
     )
-    .await
-    .context("fuzzyFileSearch timeout")?
-    .context("fuzzyFileSearch resp")?;
+    .await??;
 
     let files = resp
         .result
         .get("files")
-        .context("files key missing")?
+        .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("files key missing"))?
         .as_array()
-        .context("files not array")?
+        .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("files not array"))?
         .clone();
 
     assert_eq!(files.len(), 1);

codex-rs/app-server/tests/suite/interrupt.rs

@@ -88,7 +88,10 @@ async fn shell_command_interruption() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
 
     // 2) addConversationListener
     let add_listener_id = mcp
-        .send_add_conversation_listener_request(AddConversationListenerParams { conversation_id })
+        .send_add_conversation_listener_request(AddConversationListenerParams {
+            conversation_id,
+            experimental_raw_events: false,
+        })
         .await?;
     let _add_listener_resp: JSONRPCResponse = timeout(
         DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
@@ -143,7 +146,7 @@ fn create_config_toml(codex_home: &Path, server_uri: String) -> std::io::Result<
             r#"
 model = "mock-model"
 approval_policy = "never"
-sandbox_mode = "danger-full-access"
+sandbox_mode = "read-only"
 
 model_provider = "mock_provider"
 

codex-rs/app-server/tests/suite/list_resume.rs

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
-use std::fs;
-use std::path::Path;
-
+use anyhow::Result;
 use app_test_support::McpProcess;
+use app_test_support::create_fake_rollout;
 use app_test_support::to_response;
 use codex_app_server_protocol::JSONRPCNotification;
 use codex_app_server_protocol::JSONRPCResponse;
@@ -13,67 +12,66 @@ use codex_app_server_protocol::ResumeConversationParams;
 use codex_app_server_protocol::ResumeConversationResponse;
 use codex_app_server_protocol::ServerNotification;
 use codex_app_server_protocol::SessionConfiguredNotification;
+use codex_core::protocol::EventMsg;
+use codex_protocol::models::ContentItem;
+use codex_protocol::models::ResponseItem;
 use pretty_assertions::assert_eq;
-use serde_json::json;
 use tempfile::TempDir;
 use tokio::time::timeout;
-use uuid::Uuid;
 
 const DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT: std::time::Duration = std::time::Duration::from_secs(10);
 
 #[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread", worker_threads = 2)]
-async fn test_list_and_resume_conversations() {
+async fn test_list_and_resume_conversations() -> Result<()> {
     // Prepare a temporary CODEX_HOME with a few fake rollout files.
-    let codex_home = TempDir::new().expect("create temp dir");
+    let codex_home = TempDir::new()?;
     create_fake_rollout(
         codex_home.path(),
         "2025-01-02T12-00-00",
         "2025-01-02T12:00:00Z",
         "Hello A",
-    );
+        Some("openai"),
+    )?;
     create_fake_rollout(
         codex_home.path(),
         "2025-01-01T13-00-00",
         "2025-01-01T13:00:00Z",
         "Hello B",
-    );
+        Some("openai"),
+    )?;
     create_fake_rollout(
         codex_home.path(),
         "2025-01-01T12-00-00",
         "2025-01-01T12:00:00Z",
         "Hello C",
-    );
+        None,
+    )?;
 
-    let mut mcp = McpProcess::new(codex_home.path())
-        .await
-        .expect("spawn mcp process");
-    timeout(DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT, mcp.initialize())
-        .await
-        .expect("init timeout")
-        .expect("init failed");
+    let mut mcp = McpProcess::new(codex_home.path()).await?;
+    timeout(DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT, mcp.initialize()).await??;
 
     // Request first page with size 2
     let req_id = mcp
         .send_list_conversations_request(ListConversationsParams {
             page_size: Some(2),
             cursor: None,
+            model_providers: None,
         })
-        .await
-        .expect("send listConversations");
+        .await?;
     let resp: JSONRPCResponse = timeout(
         DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
         mcp.read_stream_until_response_message(RequestId::Integer(req_id)),
     )
-    .await
-    .expect("listConversations timeout")
-    .expect("listConversations resp");
+    .await??;
     let ListConversationsResponse { items, next_cursor } =
-        to_response::<ListConversationsResponse>(resp).expect("deserialize response");
+        to_response::<ListConversationsResponse>(resp)?;
 
     assert_eq!(items.len(), 2);
     // Newest first; preview text should match
     assert_eq!(items[0].preview, "Hello A");
     assert_eq!(items[1].preview, "Hello B");
+    assert_eq!(items[0].model_provider, "openai");
+    assert_eq!(items[1].model_provider, "openai");
     assert!(items[0].path.is_absolute());
     assert!(next_cursor.is_some());
 
@@ -82,129 +80,277 @@ async fn test_list_and_resume_conversations() {
         .send_list_conversations_request(ListConversationsParams {
             page_size: Some(2),
             cursor: next_cursor,
+            model_providers: None,
         })
-        .await
-        .expect("send listConversations page 2");
+        .await?;
     let resp2: JSONRPCResponse = timeout(
         DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
         mcp.read_stream_until_response_message(RequestId::Integer(req_id2)),
     )
-    .await
-    .expect("listConversations page 2 timeout")
-    .expect("listConversations page 2 resp");
+    .await??;
     let ListConversationsResponse {
         items: items2,
         next_cursor: next2,
         ..
-    } = to_response::<ListConversationsResponse>(resp2).expect("deserialize response");
+    } = to_response::<ListConversationsResponse>(resp2)?;
     assert_eq!(items2.len(), 1);
     assert_eq!(items2[0].preview, "Hello C");
-    assert!(next2.is_some());
+    assert_eq!(items2[0].model_provider, "openai");
+    assert_eq!(next2, None);
 
-    // Now resume one of the sessions and expect a SessionConfigured notification and response.
+    // Add a conversation with an explicit non-OpenAI provider for filter tests.
+    create_fake_rollout(
+        codex_home.path(),
+        "2025-01-01T11-30-00",
+        "2025-01-01T11:30:00Z",
+        "Hello TP",
+        Some("test-provider"),
+    )?;
+
+    // Filtering by model provider should return only matching sessions.
+    let filter_req_id = mcp
+        .send_list_conversations_request(ListConversationsParams {
+            page_size: Some(10),
+            cursor: None,
+            model_providers: Some(vec!["test-provider".to_string()]),
+        })
+        .await?;
+    let filter_resp: JSONRPCResponse = timeout(
+        DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
+        mcp.read_stream_until_response_message(RequestId::Integer(filter_req_id)),
+    )
+    .await??;
+    let ListConversationsResponse {
+        items: filtered_items,
+        next_cursor: filtered_next,
+    } = to_response::<ListConversationsResponse>(filter_resp)?;
+    assert_eq!(filtered_items.len(), 1);
+    assert_eq!(filtered_next, None);
+    assert_eq!(filtered_items[0].preview, "Hello TP");
+    assert_eq!(filtered_items[0].model_provider, "test-provider");
+
+    // Empty filter should include every session regardless of provider metadata.
+    let unfiltered_req_id = mcp
+        .send_list_conversations_request(ListConversationsParams {
+            page_size: Some(10),
+            cursor: None,
+            model_providers: Some(Vec::new()),
+        })
+        .await?;
+    let unfiltered_resp: JSONRPCResponse = timeout(
+        DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
+        mcp.read_stream_until_response_message(RequestId::Integer(unfiltered_req_id)),
+    )
+    .await??;
+    let ListConversationsResponse {
+        items: unfiltered_items,
+        next_cursor: unfiltered_next,
+    } = to_response::<ListConversationsResponse>(unfiltered_resp)?;
+    assert_eq!(unfiltered_items.len(), 4);
+    assert!(unfiltered_next.is_none());
+
+    let empty_req_id = mcp
+        .send_list_conversations_request(ListConversationsParams {
+            page_size: Some(10),
+            cursor: None,
+            model_providers: Some(vec!["other".to_string()]),
+        })
+        .await?;
+    let empty_resp: JSONRPCResponse = timeout(
+        DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
+        mcp.read_stream_until_response_message(RequestId::Integer(empty_req_id)),
+    )
+    .await??;
+    let ListConversationsResponse {
+        items: empty_items,
+        next_cursor: empty_next,
+    } = to_response::<ListConversationsResponse>(empty_resp)?;
+    assert!(empty_items.is_empty());
+    assert!(empty_next.is_none());
+
+    let first_item = &items[0];
+
+    // Now resume one of the sessions from an explicit rollout path.
     let resume_req_id = mcp
         .send_resume_conversation_request(ResumeConversationParams {
-            path: items[0].path.clone(),
+            path: Some(first_item.path.clone()),
+            conversation_id: None,
+            history: None,
             overrides: Some(NewConversationParams {
                 model: Some("o3".to_string()),
                 ..Default::default()
             }),
         })
-        .await
-        .expect("send resumeConversation");
+        .await?;
 
     // Expect a codex/event notification with msg.type == sessionConfigured
     let notification: JSONRPCNotification = timeout(
         DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
         mcp.read_stream_until_notification_message("sessionConfigured"),
     )
-    .await
-    .expect("sessionConfigured notification timeout")
-    .expect("sessionConfigured notification");
-    let session_configured: ServerNotification = notification
-        .try_into()
-        .expect("deserialize sessionConfigured notification");
-    // Basic shape assertion: ensure event type is sessionConfigured
+    .await??;
+    let session_configured: ServerNotification = notification.try_into()?;
     let ServerNotification::SessionConfigured(SessionConfiguredNotification {
         model,
         rollout_path,
+        initial_messages: session_initial_messages,
         ..
     }) = session_configured
     else {
         unreachable!("expected sessionConfigured notification");
     };
     assert_eq!(model, "o3");
-    assert_eq!(items[0].path.clone(), rollout_path);
+    assert_eq!(rollout_path, first_item.path.clone());
+    let session_initial_messages = session_initial_messages
+        .expect("expected initial messages when resuming from rollout path");
+    match session_initial_messages.as_slice() {
+        [EventMsg::UserMessage(message)] => {
+            assert_eq!(message.message, first_item.preview.clone());
+        }
+        other => panic!("unexpected initial messages from rollout resume: {other:#?}"),
+    }
 
     // Then the response for resumeConversation
     let resume_resp: JSONRPCResponse = timeout(
         DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
         mcp.read_stream_until_response_message(RequestId::Integer(resume_req_id)),
     )
-    .await
-    .expect("resumeConversation timeout")
-    .expect("resumeConversation resp");
+    .await??;
     let ResumeConversationResponse {
-        conversation_id, ..
-    } = to_response::<ResumeConversationResponse>(resume_resp)
-        .expect("deserialize resumeConversation response");
+        conversation_id,
+        model: resume_model,
+        initial_messages: response_initial_messages,
+        ..
+    } = to_response::<ResumeConversationResponse>(resume_resp)?;
     // conversation id should be a valid UUID
     assert!(!conversation_id.to_string().is_empty());
-}
+    assert_eq!(resume_model, "o3");
+    let response_initial_messages =
+        response_initial_messages.expect("expected initial messages in resume response");
+    match response_initial_messages.as_slice() {
+        [EventMsg::UserMessage(message)] => {
+            assert_eq!(message.message, first_item.preview.clone());
+        }
+        other => panic!("unexpected initial messages in resume response: {other:#?}"),
+    }
 
-fn create_fake_rollout(codex_home: &Path, filename_ts: &str, meta_rfc3339: &str, preview: &str) {
-    let uuid = Uuid::new_v4();
-    // sessions/YYYY/MM/DD/ derived from filename_ts (YYYY-MM-DDThh-mm-ss)
-    let year = &filename_ts[0..4];
-    let month = &filename_ts[5..7];
-    let day = &filename_ts[8..10];
-    let dir = codex_home.join("sessions").join(year).join(month).join(day);
-    fs::create_dir_all(&dir).unwrap_or_else(|e| panic!("create sessions dir: {e}"));
+    // Resuming with only a conversation id should locate the rollout automatically.
+    let resume_by_id_req_id = mcp
+        .send_resume_conversation_request(ResumeConversationParams {
+            path: None,
+            conversation_id: Some(first_item.conversation_id),
+            history: None,
+            overrides: Some(NewConversationParams {
+                model: Some("o3".to_string()),
+                ..Default::default()
+            }),
+        })
+        .await?;
+    let notification: JSONRPCNotification = timeout(
+        DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
+        mcp.read_stream_until_notification_message("sessionConfigured"),
+    )
+    .await??;
+    let session_configured: ServerNotification = notification.try_into()?;
+    let ServerNotification::SessionConfigured(SessionConfiguredNotification {
+        model,
+        rollout_path,
+        initial_messages: session_initial_messages,
+        ..
+    }) = session_configured
+    else {
+        unreachable!("expected sessionConfigured notification");
+    };
+    assert_eq!(model, "o3");
+    assert_eq!(rollout_path, first_item.path.clone());
+    let session_initial_messages = session_initial_messages
+        .expect("expected initial messages when resuming from conversation id");
+    match session_initial_messages.as_slice() {
+        [EventMsg::UserMessage(message)] => {
+            assert_eq!(message.message, first_item.preview.clone());
+        }
+        other => panic!("unexpected initial messages from conversation id resume: {other:#?}"),
+    }
+    let resume_resp: JSONRPCResponse = timeout(
+        DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
+        mcp.read_stream_until_response_message(RequestId::Integer(resume_by_id_req_id)),
+    )
+    .await??;
+    let ResumeConversationResponse {
+        conversation_id: by_id_conversation_id,
+        model: by_id_model,
+        initial_messages: by_id_initial_messages,
+        ..
+    } = to_response::<ResumeConversationResponse>(resume_resp)?;
+    assert!(!by_id_conversation_id.to_string().is_empty());
+    assert_eq!(by_id_model, "o3");
+    let by_id_initial_messages = by_id_initial_messages
+        .expect("expected initial messages when resuming from conversation id response");
+    match by_id_initial_messages.as_slice() {
+        [EventMsg::UserMessage(message)] => {
+            assert_eq!(message.message, first_item.preview.clone());
+        }
+        other => {
+            panic!("unexpected initial messages in conversation id resume response: {other:#?}")
+        }
+    }
 
-    let file_path = dir.join(format!("rollout-{filename_ts}-{uuid}.jsonl"));
-    let mut lines = Vec::new();
-    // Meta line with timestamp (flattened meta in payload for new schema)
-    lines.push(
-        json!({
-            "timestamp": meta_rfc3339,
-            "type": "session_meta",
-            "payload": {
-                "id": uuid,
-                "timestamp": meta_rfc3339,
-                "cwd": "/",
-                "originator": "codex",
-                "cli_version": "0.0.0",
-                "instructions": null
-            }
+    // Resuming with explicit history should succeed even without a stored rollout.
+    let fork_history_text = "Hello from history";
+    let history = vec![ResponseItem::Message {
+        id: None,
+        role: "user".to_string(),
+        content: vec![ContentItem::InputText {
+            text: fork_history_text.to_string(),
+        }],
+    }];
+    let resume_with_history_req_id = mcp
+        .send_resume_conversation_request(ResumeConversationParams {
+            path: None,
+            conversation_id: None,
+            history: Some(history),
+            overrides: Some(NewConversationParams {
+                model: Some("o3".to_string()),
+                ..Default::default()
+            }),
         })
-        .to_string(),
+        .await?;
+    let notification: JSONRPCNotification = timeout(
+        DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
+        mcp.read_stream_until_notification_message("sessionConfigured"),
+    )
+    .await??;
+    let session_configured: ServerNotification = notification.try_into()?;
+    let ServerNotification::SessionConfigured(SessionConfiguredNotification {
+        model,
+        initial_messages: session_initial_messages,
+        ..
+    }) = session_configured
+    else {
+        unreachable!("expected sessionConfigured notification");
+    };
+    assert_eq!(model, "o3");
+    assert!(
+        session_initial_messages.as_ref().is_none_or(Vec::is_empty),
+        "expected no initial messages when resuming from explicit history but got {session_initial_messages:#?}"
     );
-    // Minimal user message entry as a persisted response item (with envelope timestamp)
-    lines.push(
-        json!({
-            "timestamp": meta_rfc3339,
-            "type":"response_item",
-            "payload": {
-                "type":"message",
-                "role":"user",
-                "content":[{"type":"input_text","text": preview}]
-            }
-        })
-        .to_string(),
+    let resume_resp: JSONRPCResponse = timeout(
+        DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
+        mcp.read_stream_until_response_message(RequestId::Integer(resume_with_history_req_id)),
+    )
+    .await??;
+    let ResumeConversationResponse {
+        conversation_id: history_conversation_id,
+        model: history_model,
+        initial_messages: history_initial_messages,
+        ..
+    } = to_response::<ResumeConversationResponse>(resume_resp)?;
+    assert!(!history_conversation_id.to_string().is_empty());
+    assert_eq!(history_model, "o3");
+    assert!(
+        history_initial_messages.as_ref().is_none_or(Vec::is_empty),
+        "expected no initial messages in resume response when history is provided but got {history_initial_messages:#?}"
     );
-    // Add a matching user message event line to satisfy filters
-    lines.push(
-        json!({
-            "timestamp": meta_rfc3339,
-            "type":"event_msg",
-            "payload": {
-                "type":"user_message",
-                "message": preview,
-                "kind": "plain"
-            }
-        })
-        .to_string(),
-    );
-    fs::write(file_path, lines.join("\n") + "\n")
-        .unwrap_or_else(|e| panic!("write rollout file: {e}"));
+
+    Ok(())
 }

codex-rs/app-server/tests/suite/login.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,4 @@
-use std::path::Path;
-use std::time::Duration;
-
+use anyhow::Result;
 use app_test_support::McpProcess;
 use app_test_support::to_response;
 use codex_app_server_protocol::CancelLoginChatGptParams;
@@ -12,7 +10,11 @@ use codex_app_server_protocol::JSONRPCResponse;
 use codex_app_server_protocol::LoginChatGptResponse;
 use codex_app_server_protocol::LogoutChatGptResponse;
 use codex_app_server_protocol::RequestId;
+use codex_core::auth::AuthCredentialsStoreMode;
 use codex_login::login_with_api_key;
+use serial_test::serial;
+use std::path::Path;
+use std::time::Duration;
 use tempfile::TempDir;
 use tokio::time::timeout;
 
@@ -41,32 +43,26 @@ stream_max_retries = 0
 }
 
 #[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread", worker_threads = 2)]
-async fn logout_chatgpt_removes_auth() {
-    let codex_home = TempDir::new().unwrap_or_else(|e| panic!("create tempdir: {e}"));
-    create_config_toml(codex_home.path()).expect("write config.toml");
-    login_with_api_key(codex_home.path(), "sk-test-key").expect("seed api key");
+async fn logout_chatgpt_removes_auth() -> Result<()> {
+    let codex_home = TempDir::new()?;
+    create_config_toml(codex_home.path())?;
+    login_with_api_key(
+        codex_home.path(),
+        "sk-test-key",
+        AuthCredentialsStoreMode::File,
+    )?;
     assert!(codex_home.path().join("auth.json").exists());
 
-    let mut mcp = McpProcess::new_with_env(codex_home.path(), &[("OPENAI_API_KEY", None)])
-        .await
-        .expect("spawn mcp process");
-    timeout(DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT, mcp.initialize())
-        .await
-        .expect("init timeout")
-        .expect("init failed");
+    let mut mcp = McpProcess::new_with_env(codex_home.path(), &[("OPENAI_API_KEY", None)]).await?;
+    timeout(DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT, mcp.initialize()).await??;
 
-    let id = mcp
-        .send_logout_chat_gpt_request()
-        .await
-        .expect("send logoutChatGpt");
+    let id = mcp.send_logout_chat_gpt_request().await?;
     let resp: JSONRPCResponse = timeout(
         DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
         mcp.read_stream_until_response_message(RequestId::Integer(id)),
     )
-    .await
-    .expect("logoutChatGpt timeout")
-    .expect("logoutChatGpt response");
-    let _ok: LogoutChatGptResponse = to_response(resp).expect("deserialize logout response");
+    .await??;
+    let _ok: LogoutChatGptResponse = to_response(resp)?;
 
     assert!(
         !codex_home.path().join("auth.json").exists(),
@@ -79,61 +75,47 @@ async fn logout_chatgpt_removes_auth() {
             include_token: Some(true),
             refresh_token: Some(false),
         })
-        .await
-        .expect("send getAuthStatus");
+        .await?;
     let status_resp: JSONRPCResponse = timeout(
         DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
         mcp.read_stream_until_response_message(RequestId::Integer(status_id)),
     )
-    .await
-    .expect("getAuthStatus timeout")
-    .expect("getAuthStatus response");
-    let status: GetAuthStatusResponse = to_response(status_resp).expect("deserialize status");
+    .await??;
+    let status: GetAuthStatusResponse = to_response(status_resp)?;
     assert_eq!(status.auth_method, None);
     assert_eq!(status.auth_token, None);
+    Ok(())
 }
 
 #[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread", worker_threads = 2)]
-async fn login_and_cancel_chatgpt() {
-    let codex_home = TempDir::new().unwrap_or_else(|e| panic!("create tempdir: {e}"));
-    create_config_toml(codex_home.path()).unwrap_or_else(|err| panic!("write config.toml: {err}"));
+// Serialize tests that launch the login server since it binds to a fixed port.
+#[serial(login_port)]
+async fn login_and_cancel_chatgpt() -> Result<()> {
+    let codex_home = TempDir::new()?;
+    create_config_toml(codex_home.path())?;
 
-    let mut mcp = McpProcess::new(codex_home.path())
-        .await
-        .expect("spawn mcp process");
-    timeout(DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT, mcp.initialize())
-        .await
-        .expect("init timeout")
-        .expect("init failed");
+    let mut mcp = McpProcess::new(codex_home.path()).await?;
+    timeout(DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT, mcp.initialize()).await??;
 
-    let login_id = mcp
-        .send_login_chat_gpt_request()
-        .await
-        .expect("send loginChatGpt");
+    let login_id = mcp.send_login_chat_gpt_request().await?;
     let login_resp: JSONRPCResponse = timeout(
         DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
         mcp.read_stream_until_response_message(RequestId::Integer(login_id)),
     )
-    .await
-    .expect("loginChatGpt timeout")
-    .expect("loginChatGpt response");
-    let login: LoginChatGptResponse = to_response(login_resp).expect("deserialize login resp");
+    .await??;
+    let login: LoginChatGptResponse = to_response(login_resp)?;
 
     let cancel_id = mcp
         .send_cancel_login_chat_gpt_request(CancelLoginChatGptParams {
             login_id: login.login_id,
         })
-        .await
-        .expect("send cancelLoginChatGpt");
+        .await?;
     let cancel_resp: JSONRPCResponse = timeout(
         DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
         mcp.read_stream_until_response_message(RequestId::Integer(cancel_id)),
     )
-    .await
-    .expect("cancelLoginChatGpt timeout")
-    .expect("cancelLoginChatGpt response");
-    let _ok: CancelLoginChatGptResponse =
-        to_response(cancel_resp).expect("deserialize cancel response");
+    .await??;
+    let _ok: CancelLoginChatGptResponse = to_response(cancel_resp)?;
 
     // Optionally observe the completion notification; do not fail if it races.
     let maybe_note = timeout(
@@ -144,6 +126,7 @@ async fn login_and_cancel_chatgpt() {
     if maybe_note.is_err() {
         eprintln!("warning: did not observe login_chat_gpt_complete notification after cancel");
     }
+    Ok(())
 }
 
 fn create_config_toml_forced_login(codex_home: &Path, forced_method: &str) -> std::io::Result<()> {
@@ -176,66 +159,48 @@ forced_chatgpt_workspace_id = "{workspace_id}"
 }
 
 #[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread", worker_threads = 2)]
-async fn login_chatgpt_rejected_when_forced_api() {
-    let codex_home = TempDir::new().unwrap_or_else(|e| panic!("create tempdir: {e}"));
-    create_config_toml_forced_login(codex_home.path(), "api")
-        .unwrap_or_else(|err| panic!("write config.toml: {err}"));
+async fn login_chatgpt_rejected_when_forced_api() -> Result<()> {
+    let codex_home = TempDir::new()?;
+    create_config_toml_forced_login(codex_home.path(), "api")?;
 
-    let mut mcp = McpProcess::new(codex_home.path())
-        .await
-        .expect("spawn mcp process");
-    timeout(DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT, mcp.initialize())
-        .await
-        .expect("init timeout")
-        .expect("init failed");
+    let mut mcp = McpProcess::new(codex_home.path()).await?;
+    timeout(DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT, mcp.initialize()).await??;
 
-    let request_id = mcp
-        .send_login_chat_gpt_request()
-        .await
-        .expect("send loginChatGpt");
+    let request_id = mcp.send_login_chat_gpt_request().await?;
     let err: JSONRPCError = timeout(
         DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
         mcp.read_stream_until_error_message(RequestId::Integer(request_id)),
     )
-    .await
-    .expect("loginChatGpt error timeout")
-    .expect("loginChatGpt error");
+    .await??;
 
     assert_eq!(
         err.error.message,
         "ChatGPT login is disabled. Use API key login instead."
     );
+    Ok(())
 }
 
 #[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread", worker_threads = 2)]
-async fn login_chatgpt_includes_forced_workspace_query_param() {
-    let codex_home = TempDir::new().unwrap_or_else(|e| panic!("create tempdir: {e}"));
-    create_config_toml_forced_workspace(codex_home.path(), "ws-forced")
-        .unwrap_or_else(|err| panic!("write config.toml: {err}"));
+// Serialize tests that launch the login server since it binds to a fixed port.
+#[serial(login_port)]
+async fn login_chatgpt_includes_forced_workspace_query_param() -> Result<()> {
+    let codex_home = TempDir::new()?;
+    create_config_toml_forced_workspace(codex_home.path(), "ws-forced")?;
 
-    let mut mcp = McpProcess::new(codex_home.path())
-        .await
-        .expect("spawn mcp process");
-    timeout(DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT, mcp.initialize())
-        .await
-        .expect("init timeout")
-        .expect("init failed");
+    let mut mcp = McpProcess::new(codex_home.path()).await?;
+    timeout(DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT, mcp.initialize()).await??;
 
-    let request_id = mcp
-        .send_login_chat_gpt_request()
-        .await
-        .expect("send loginChatGpt");
+    let request_id = mcp.send_login_chat_gpt_request().await?;
     let resp: JSONRPCResponse = timeout(
         DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
         mcp.read_stream_until_response_message(RequestId::Integer(request_id)),
     )
-    .await
-    .expect("loginChatGpt timeout")
-    .expect("loginChatGpt response");
+    .await??;
 
-    let login: LoginChatGptResponse = to_response(resp).expect("deserialize login resp");
+    let login: LoginChatGptResponse = to_response(resp)?;
     assert!(
         login.auth_url.contains("allowed_workspace_id=ws-forced"),
         "auth URL should include forced workspace"
     );
+    Ok(())
 }

codex-rs/app-server/tests/suite/mod.rs

@@ -7,9 +7,8 @@ mod fuzzy_file_search;
 mod interrupt;
 mod list_resume;
 mod login;
-mod model_list;
-mod rate_limits;
 mod send_message;
 mod set_default_model;
 mod user_agent;
 mod user_info;
+mod v2;

codex-rs/app-server/tests/suite/send_message.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
-use std::path::Path;
-
+use anyhow::Result;
 use app_test_support::McpProcess;
 use app_test_support::create_final_assistant_message_sse_response;
 use app_test_support::create_mock_chat_completions_server;
@@ -15,73 +14,76 @@ use codex_app_server_protocol::RequestId;
 use codex_app_server_protocol::SendUserMessageParams;
 use codex_app_server_protocol::SendUserMessageResponse;
 use codex_protocol::ConversationId;
+use codex_protocol::models::ContentItem;
+use codex_protocol::models::ResponseItem;
+use codex_protocol::protocol::RawResponseItemEvent;
 use pretty_assertions::assert_eq;
+use std::path::Path;
 use tempfile::TempDir;
 use tokio::time::timeout;
 
 const DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT: std::time::Duration = std::time::Duration::from_secs(10);
 
 #[tokio::test]
-async fn test_send_message_success() {
+async fn test_send_message_success() -> Result<()> {
     // Spin up a mock completions server that immediately ends the Codex turn.
     // Two Codex turns hit the mock model (session start + send-user-message). Provide two SSE responses.
     let responses = vec![
-        create_final_assistant_message_sse_response("Done").expect("build mock assistant message"),
-        create_final_assistant_message_sse_response("Done").expect("build mock assistant message"),
+        create_final_assistant_message_sse_response("Done")?,
+        create_final_assistant_message_sse_response("Done")?,
     ];
     let server = create_mock_chat_completions_server(responses).await;
 
     // Create a temporary Codex home with config pointing at the mock server.
-    let codex_home = TempDir::new().expect("create temp dir");
-    create_config_toml(codex_home.path(), &server.uri()).expect("write config.toml");
+    let codex_home = TempDir::new()?;
+    create_config_toml(codex_home.path(), &server.uri())?;
 
     // Start MCP server process and initialize.
-    let mut mcp = McpProcess::new(codex_home.path())
-        .await
-        .expect("spawn mcp process");
-    timeout(DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT, mcp.initialize())
-        .await
-        .expect("init timed out")
-        .expect("init failed");
+    let mut mcp = McpProcess::new(codex_home.path()).await?;
+    timeout(DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT, mcp.initialize()).await??;
 
     // Start a conversation using the new wire API.
     let new_conv_id = mcp
-        .send_new_conversation_request(NewConversationParams::default())
-        .await
-        .expect("send newConversation");
+        .send_new_conversation_request(NewConversationParams {
+            ..Default::default()
+        })
+        .await?;
     let new_conv_resp: JSONRPCResponse = timeout(
         DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
         mcp.read_stream_until_response_message(RequestId::Integer(new_conv_id)),
     )
-    .await
-    .expect("newConversation timeout")
-    .expect("newConversation resp");
+    .await??;
     let NewConversationResponse {
         conversation_id, ..
-    } = to_response::<_>(new_conv_resp).expect("deserialize newConversation response");
+    } = to_response::<_>(new_conv_resp)?;
 
     // 2) addConversationListener
     let add_listener_id = mcp
-        .send_add_conversation_listener_request(AddConversationListenerParams { conversation_id })
-        .await
-        .expect("send addConversationListener");
+        .send_add_conversation_listener_request(AddConversationListenerParams {
+            conversation_id,
+            experimental_raw_events: false,
+        })
+        .await?;
     let add_listener_resp: JSONRPCResponse = timeout(
         DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
         mcp.read_stream_until_response_message(RequestId::Integer(add_listener_id)),
     )
-    .await
-    .expect("addConversationListener timeout")
-    .expect("addConversationListener resp");
+    .await??;
     let AddConversationSubscriptionResponse { subscription_id: _ } =
-        to_response::<_>(add_listener_resp).expect("deserialize addConversationListener response");
+        to_response::<_>(add_listener_resp)?;
 
     // Now exercise sendUserMessage twice.
-    send_message("Hello", conversation_id, &mut mcp).await;
-    send_message("Hello again", conversation_id, &mut mcp).await;
+    send_message("Hello", conversation_id, &mut mcp).await?;
+    send_message("Hello again", conversation_id, &mut mcp).await?;
+    Ok(())
 }
 
 #[expect(clippy::expect_used)]
-async fn send_message(message: &str, conversation_id: ConversationId, mcp: &mut McpProcess) {
+async fn send_message(
+    message: &str,
+    conversation_id: ConversationId,
+    mcp: &mut McpProcess,
+) -> Result<()> {
     // Now exercise sendUserMessage.
     let send_id = mcp
         .send_send_user_message_request(SendUserMessageParams {
@@ -90,19 +92,15 @@ async fn send_message(message: &str, conversation_id: ConversationId, mcp: &mut
                 text: message.to_string(),
             }],
         })
-        .await
-        .expect("send sendUserMessage");
+        .await?;
 
     let response: JSONRPCResponse = timeout(
         DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
         mcp.read_stream_until_response_message(RequestId::Integer(send_id)),
     )
-    .await
-    .expect("sendUserMessage response timeout")
-    .expect("sendUserMessage response error");
+    .await??;
 
-    let _ok: SendUserMessageResponse = to_response::<SendUserMessageResponse>(response)
-        .expect("deserialize sendUserMessage response");
+    let _ok: SendUserMessageResponse = to_response::<SendUserMessageResponse>(response)?;
 
     // Verify the task_finished notification is received.
     // Note this also ensures that the final request to the server was made.
@@ -110,9 +108,7 @@ async fn send_message(message: &str, conversation_id: ConversationId, mcp: &mut
         DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
         mcp.read_stream_until_notification_message("codex/event/task_complete"),
     )
-    .await
-    .expect("task_finished_notification timeout")
-    .expect("task_finished_notification resp");
+    .await??;
     let serde_json::Value::Object(map) = task_finished_notification
         .params
         .expect("notification should have params")
@@ -124,17 +120,105 @@ async fn send_message(message: &str, conversation_id: ConversationId, mcp: &mut
             .expect("should have conversationId"),
         &serde_json::Value::String(conversation_id.to_string())
     );
+
+    let raw_attempt = tokio::time::timeout(
+        std::time::Duration::from_millis(200),
+        mcp.read_stream_until_notification_message("codex/event/raw_response_item"),
+    )
+    .await;
+    assert!(
+        raw_attempt.is_err(),
+        "unexpected raw item notification when not opted in"
+    );
+    Ok(())
 }
 
 #[tokio::test]
-async fn test_send_message_session_not_found() {
+async fn test_send_message_raw_notifications_opt_in() -> Result<()> {
+    let responses = vec![create_final_assistant_message_sse_response("Done")?];
+    let server = create_mock_chat_completions_server(responses).await;
+
+    let codex_home = TempDir::new()?;
+    create_config_toml(codex_home.path(), &server.uri())?;
+
+    let mut mcp = McpProcess::new(codex_home.path()).await?;
+    timeout(DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT, mcp.initialize()).await??;
+
+    let new_conv_id = mcp
+        .send_new_conversation_request(NewConversationParams {
+            developer_instructions: Some("Use the test harness tools.".to_string()),
+            ..Default::default()
+        })
+        .await?;
+    let new_conv_resp: JSONRPCResponse = timeout(
+        DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
+        mcp.read_stream_until_response_message(RequestId::Integer(new_conv_id)),
+    )
+    .await??;
+    let NewConversationResponse {
+        conversation_id, ..
+    } = to_response::<_>(new_conv_resp)?;
+
+    let add_listener_id = mcp
+        .send_add_conversation_listener_request(AddConversationListenerParams {
+            conversation_id,
+            experimental_raw_events: true,
+        })
+        .await?;
+    let add_listener_resp: JSONRPCResponse = timeout(
+        DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
+        mcp.read_stream_until_response_message(RequestId::Integer(add_listener_id)),
+    )
+    .await??;
+    let AddConversationSubscriptionResponse { subscription_id: _ } =
+        to_response::<_>(add_listener_resp)?;
+
+    let send_id = mcp
+        .send_send_user_message_request(SendUserMessageParams {
+            conversation_id,
+            items: vec![InputItem::Text {
+                text: "Hello".to_string(),
+            }],
+        })
+        .await?;
+
+    let developer = read_raw_response_item(&mut mcp, conversation_id).await;
+    assert_developer_message(&developer, "Use the test harness tools.");
+
+    let instructions = read_raw_response_item(&mut mcp, conversation_id).await;
+    assert_instructions_message(&instructions);
+
+    let environment = read_raw_response_item(&mut mcp, conversation_id).await;
+    assert_environment_message(&environment);
+
+    let response: JSONRPCResponse = timeout(
+        DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
+        mcp.read_stream_until_response_message(RequestId::Integer(send_id)),
+    )
+    .await??;
+    let _ok: SendUserMessageResponse = to_response::<SendUserMessageResponse>(response)?;
+
+    let user_message = read_raw_response_item(&mut mcp, conversation_id).await;
+    assert_user_message(&user_message, "Hello");
+
+    let assistant_message = read_raw_response_item(&mut mcp, conversation_id).await;
+    assert_assistant_message(&assistant_message, "Done");
+
+    let _ = tokio::time::timeout(
+        std::time::Duration::from_millis(250),
+        mcp.read_stream_until_notification_message("codex/event/task_complete"),
+    )
+    .await;
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn test_send_message_session_not_found() -> Result<()> {
     // Start MCP without creating a Codex session
-    let codex_home = TempDir::new().expect("tempdir");
-    let mut mcp = McpProcess::new(codex_home.path()).await.expect("spawn");
-    timeout(DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT, mcp.initialize())
-        .await
-        .expect("timeout")
-        .expect("init");
+    let codex_home = TempDir::new()?;
+    let mut mcp = McpProcess::new(codex_home.path()).await?;
+    timeout(DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT, mcp.initialize()).await??;
 
     let unknown = ConversationId::new();
     let req_id = mcp
@@ -144,18 +228,16 @@ async fn test_send_message_session_not_found() {
                 text: "ping".to_string(),
             }],
         })
-        .await
-        .expect("send sendUserMessage");
+        .await?;
 
     // Expect an error response for unknown conversation.
     let err = timeout(
         DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
         mcp.read_stream_until_error_message(RequestId::Integer(req_id)),
     )
-    .await
-    .expect("timeout")
-    .expect("error");
+    .await??;
     assert_eq!(err.id, RequestId::Integer(req_id));
+    Ok(())
 }
 
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -184,3 +266,126 @@ stream_max_retries = 0
         ),
     )
 }
+
+#[expect(clippy::expect_used)]
+async fn read_raw_response_item(
+    mcp: &mut McpProcess,
+    conversation_id: ConversationId,
+) -> ResponseItem {
+    let raw_notification: JSONRPCNotification = timeout(
+        DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
+        mcp.read_stream_until_notification_message("codex/event/raw_response_item"),
+    )
+    .await
+    .expect("codex/event/raw_response_item notification timeout")
+    .expect("codex/event/raw_response_item notification resp");
+
+    let serde_json::Value::Object(params) = raw_notification
+        .params
+        .expect("codex/event/raw_response_item should have params")
+    else {
+        panic!("codex/event/raw_response_item should have params");
+    };
+
+    let conversation_id_value = params
+        .get("conversationId")
+        .and_then(|value| value.as_str())
+        .expect("raw response item should include conversationId");
+
+    assert_eq!(
+        conversation_id_value,
+        conversation_id.to_string(),
+        "raw response item conversation mismatch"
+    );
+
+    let msg_value = params
+        .get("msg")
+        .cloned()
+        .expect("raw response item should include msg payload");
+
+    let event: RawResponseItemEvent =
+        serde_json::from_value(msg_value).expect("deserialize raw response item");
+    event.item
+}
+
+fn assert_instructions_message(item: &ResponseItem) {
+    match item {
+        ResponseItem::Message { role, content, .. } => {
+            assert_eq!(role, "user");
+            let texts = content_texts(content);
+            let is_instructions = texts
+                .iter()
+                .any(|text| text.starts_with("# AGENTS.md instructions for "));
+            assert!(
+                is_instructions,
+                "expected instructions message, got {texts:?}"
+            );
+        }
+        other => panic!("expected instructions message, got {other:?}"),
+    }
+}
+
+fn assert_developer_message(item: &ResponseItem, expected_text: &str) {
+    match item {
+        ResponseItem::Message { role, content, .. } => {
+            assert_eq!(role, "developer");
+            let texts = content_texts(content);
+            assert_eq!(
+                texts,
+                vec![expected_text],
+                "expected developer instructions message, got {texts:?}"
+            );
+        }
+        other => panic!("expected developer instructions message, got {other:?}"),
+    }
+}
+
+fn assert_environment_message(item: &ResponseItem) {
+    match item {
+        ResponseItem::Message { role, content, .. } => {
+            assert_eq!(role, "user");
+            let texts = content_texts(content);
+            assert!(
+                texts
+                    .iter()
+                    .any(|text| text.contains("<environment_context>")),
+                "expected environment context message, got {texts:?}"
+            );
+        }
+        other => panic!("expected environment message, got {other:?}"),
+    }
+}
+
+fn assert_user_message(item: &ResponseItem, expected_text: &str) {
+    match item {
+        ResponseItem::Message { role, content, .. } => {
+            assert_eq!(role, "user");
+            let texts = content_texts(content);
+            assert_eq!(texts, vec![expected_text]);
+        }
+        other => panic!("expected user message, got {other:?}"),
+    }
+}
+
+fn assert_assistant_message(item: &ResponseItem, expected_text: &str) {
+    match item {
+        ResponseItem::Message { role, content, .. } => {
+            assert_eq!(role, "assistant");
+            let texts = content_texts(content);
+            assert_eq!(texts, vec![expected_text]);
+        }
+        other => panic!("expected assistant message, got {other:?}"),
+    }
+}
+
+fn content_texts(content: &[ContentItem]) -> Vec<&str> {
+    content
+        .iter()
+        .filter_map(|item| match item {
+            ContentItem::InputText { text } | ContentItem::OutputText { text } => {
+                Some(text.as_str())
+            }
+            _ => None,
+        })
+        .collect()
+}

codex-rs/app-server/tests/suite/set_default_model.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
-use std::path::Path;
-
+use anyhow::Result;
 use app_test_support::McpProcess;
 use app_test_support::to_response;
 use codex_app_server_protocol::JSONRPCResponse;
@@ -8,50 +7,38 @@ use codex_app_server_protocol::SetDefaultModelParams;
 use codex_app_server_protocol::SetDefaultModelResponse;
 use codex_core::config::ConfigToml;
 use pretty_assertions::assert_eq;
+use std::path::Path;
 use tempfile::TempDir;
 use tokio::time::timeout;
 
 const DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT: std::time::Duration = std::time::Duration::from_secs(10);
 
 #[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread", worker_threads = 2)]
-async fn set_default_model_persists_overrides() {
-    let codex_home = TempDir::new().expect("create tempdir");
-    create_config_toml(codex_home.path()).expect("write config.toml");
+async fn set_default_model_persists_overrides() -> Result<()> {
+    let codex_home = TempDir::new()?;
+    create_config_toml(codex_home.path())?;
 
-    let mut mcp = McpProcess::new(codex_home.path())
-        .await
-        .expect("spawn mcp process");
-    timeout(DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT, mcp.initialize())
-        .await
-        .expect("init timeout")
-        .expect("init failed");
+    let mut mcp = McpProcess::new(codex_home.path()).await?;
+    timeout(DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT, mcp.initialize()).await??;
 
     let params = SetDefaultModelParams {
         model: Some("gpt-4.1".to_string()),
         reasoning_effort: None,
     };
 
-    let request_id = mcp
-        .send_set_default_model_request(params)
-        .await
-        .expect("send setDefaultModel");
+    let request_id = mcp.send_set_default_model_request(params).await?;
 
     let resp: JSONRPCResponse = timeout(
         DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
         mcp.read_stream_until_response_message(RequestId::Integer(request_id)),
     )
-    .await
-    .expect("setDefaultModel timeout")
-    .expect("setDefaultModel response");
+    .await??;
 
-    let _: SetDefaultModelResponse =
-        to_response(resp).expect("deserialize setDefaultModel response");
+    let _: SetDefaultModelResponse = to_response(resp)?;
 
     let config_path = codex_home.path().join("config.toml");
-    let config_contents = tokio::fs::read_to_string(&config_path)
-        .await
-        .expect("read config.toml");
-    let config_toml: ConfigToml = toml::from_str(&config_contents).expect("parse config.toml");
+    let config_contents = tokio::fs::read_to_string(&config_path).await?;
+    let config_toml: ConfigToml = toml::from_str(&config_contents)?;
 
     assert_eq!(
         ConfigToml {
@@ -61,6 +48,7 @@ async fn set_default_model_persists_overrides() {
         },
         config_toml,
     );
+    Ok(())
 }
 
 // Helper to create a config.toml; mirrors create_conversation.rs

codex-rs/app-server/tests/suite/user_agent.rs

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+use anyhow::Result;
 use app_test_support::McpProcess;
 use app_test_support::to_response;
 use codex_app_server_protocol::GetUserAgentResponse;
@@ -10,28 +11,18 @@ use tokio::time::timeout;
 const DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT: std::time::Duration = std::time::Duration::from_secs(10);
 
 #[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread", worker_threads = 2)]
-async fn get_user_agent_returns_current_codex_user_agent() {
-    let codex_home = TempDir::new().unwrap_or_else(|err| panic!("create tempdir: {err}"));
+async fn get_user_agent_returns_current_codex_user_agent() -> Result<()> {
+    let codex_home = TempDir::new()?;
 
-    let mut mcp = McpProcess::new(codex_home.path())
-        .await
-        .expect("spawn mcp process");
-    timeout(DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT, mcp.initialize())
-        .await
-        .expect("initialize timeout")
-        .expect("initialize request");
+    let mut mcp = McpProcess::new(codex_home.path()).await?;
+    timeout(DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT, mcp.initialize()).await??;
 
-    let request_id = mcp
-        .send_get_user_agent_request()
-        .await
-        .expect("send getUserAgent");
+    let request_id = mcp.send_get_user_agent_request().await?;
     let response: JSONRPCResponse = timeout(
         DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
         mcp.read_stream_until_response_message(RequestId::Integer(request_id)),
     )
-    .await
-    .expect("getUserAgent timeout")
-    .expect("getUserAgent response");
+    .await??;
 
     let os_info = os_info::get();
     let user_agent = format!(
@@ -42,9 +33,9 @@ async fn get_user_agent_returns_current_codex_user_agent() {
         codex_core::terminal::user_agent()
     );
 
-    let received: GetUserAgentResponse =
-        to_response(response).expect("deserialize getUserAgent response");
+    let received: GetUserAgentResponse = to_response(response)?;
     let expected = GetUserAgentResponse { user_agent };
 
     assert_eq!(received, expected);
+    Ok(())
 }

codex-rs/app-server/tests/suite/user_info.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
-use std::time::Duration;
-
+use anyhow::Result;
 use app_test_support::ChatGptAuthFixture;
 use app_test_support::McpProcess;
 use app_test_support::to_response;
@@ -7,45 +6,41 @@ use app_test_support::write_chatgpt_auth;
 use codex_app_server_protocol::JSONRPCResponse;
 use codex_app_server_protocol::RequestId;
 use codex_app_server_protocol::UserInfoResponse;
+use codex_core::auth::AuthCredentialsStoreMode;
 use pretty_assertions::assert_eq;
+use std::time::Duration;
 use tempfile::TempDir;
 use tokio::time::timeout;
 
 const DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT: Duration = Duration::from_secs(10);
 
 #[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread", worker_threads = 2)]
-async fn user_info_returns_email_from_auth_json() {
-    let codex_home = TempDir::new().expect("create tempdir");
+async fn user_info_returns_email_from_auth_json() -> Result<()> {
+    let codex_home = TempDir::new()?;
 
     write_chatgpt_auth(
         codex_home.path(),
         ChatGptAuthFixture::new("access")
             .refresh_token("refresh")
             .email("user@example.com"),
-    )
-    .expect("write chatgpt auth");
+        AuthCredentialsStoreMode::File,
+    )?;
 
-    let mut mcp = McpProcess::new(codex_home.path())
-        .await
-        .expect("spawn mcp process");
-    timeout(DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT, mcp.initialize())
-        .await
-        .expect("initialize timeout")
-        .expect("initialize request");
+    let mut mcp = McpProcess::new(codex_home.path()).await?;
+    timeout(DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT, mcp.initialize()).await??;
 
-    let request_id = mcp.send_user_info_request().await.expect("send userInfo");
+    let request_id = mcp.send_user_info_request().await?;
     let response: JSONRPCResponse = timeout(
         DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
         mcp.read_stream_until_response_message(RequestId::Integer(request_id)),
     )
-    .await
-    .expect("userInfo timeout")
-    .expect("userInfo response");
+    .await??;
 
-    let received: UserInfoResponse = to_response(response).expect("deserialize userInfo response");
+    let received: UserInfoResponse = to_response(response)?;
     let expected = UserInfoResponse {
         alleged_user_email: Some("user@example.com".to_string()),
     };
 
     assert_eq!(received, expected);
+    Ok(())
 }

codex-rs/app-server/tests/suite/v2/account.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,492 @@
+use anyhow::Result;
+use anyhow::bail;
+use app_test_support::McpProcess;
+use app_test_support::to_response;
+
+use app_test_support::ChatGptAuthFixture;
+use app_test_support::write_chatgpt_auth;
+use codex_app_server_protocol::Account;
+use codex_app_server_protocol::AuthMode;
+use codex_app_server_protocol::CancelLoginAccountParams;
+use codex_app_server_protocol::CancelLoginAccountResponse;
+use codex_app_server_protocol::GetAccountParams;
+use codex_app_server_protocol::GetAccountResponse;
+use codex_app_server_protocol::JSONRPCError;
+use codex_app_server_protocol::JSONRPCResponse;
+use codex_app_server_protocol::LoginAccountResponse;
+use codex_app_server_protocol::LogoutAccountResponse;
+use codex_app_server_protocol::RequestId;
+use codex_app_server_protocol::ServerNotification;
+use codex_core::auth::AuthCredentialsStoreMode;
+use codex_login::login_with_api_key;
+use codex_protocol::account::PlanType as AccountPlanType;
+use pretty_assertions::assert_eq;
+use serial_test::serial;
+use std::path::Path;
+use std::time::Duration;
+use tempfile::TempDir;
+use tokio::time::timeout;
+
+const DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT: std::time::Duration = std::time::Duration::from_secs(10);
+
+// Helper to create a minimal config.toml for the app server
+#[derive(Default)]
+struct CreateConfigTomlParams {
+    forced_method: Option<String>,
+    forced_workspace_id: Option<String>,
+    requires_openai_auth: Option<bool>,
+}
+
+fn create_config_toml(codex_home: &Path, params: CreateConfigTomlParams) -> std::io::Result<()> {
+    let config_toml = codex_home.join("config.toml");
+    let forced_line = if let Some(method) = params.forced_method {
+        format!("forced_login_method = \"{method}\"\n")
+    } else {
+        String::new()
+    };
+    let forced_workspace_line = if let Some(ws) = params.forced_workspace_id {
+        format!("forced_chatgpt_workspace_id = \"{ws}\"\n")
+    } else {
+        String::new()
+    };
+    let requires_line = match params.requires_openai_auth {
+        Some(true) => "requires_openai_auth = true\n".to_string(),
+        Some(false) => String::new(),
+        None => String::new(),
+    };
+    let contents = format!(
+        r#"
+model = "mock-model"
+approval_policy = "never"
+sandbox_mode = "danger-full-access"
+{forced_line}
+{forced_workspace_line}
+
+model_provider = "mock_provider"
+
+[model_providers.mock_provider]
+name = "Mock provider for test"
+base_url = "http://127.0.0.1:0/v1"
+wire_api = "chat"
+request_max_retries = 0
+stream_max_retries = 0
+{requires_line}
+"#
+    );
+    std::fs::write(config_toml, contents)
+}
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn logout_account_removes_auth_and_notifies() -> Result<()> {
+    let codex_home = TempDir::new()?;
+    create_config_toml(codex_home.path(), CreateConfigTomlParams::default())?;
+
+    login_with_api_key(
+        codex_home.path(),
+        "sk-test-key",
+        AuthCredentialsStoreMode::File,
+    )?;
+    assert!(codex_home.path().join("auth.json").exists());
+
+    let mut mcp = McpProcess::new_with_env(codex_home.path(), &[("OPENAI_API_KEY", None)]).await?;
+    timeout(DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT, mcp.initialize()).await??;
+
+    let id = mcp.send_logout_account_request().await?;
+    let resp: JSONRPCResponse = timeout(
+        DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
+        mcp.read_stream_until_response_message(RequestId::Integer(id)),
+    )
+    .await??;
+    let _ok: LogoutAccountResponse = to_response(resp)?;
+
+    let note = timeout(
+        DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
+        mcp.read_stream_until_notification_message("account/updated"),
+    )
+    .await??;
+    let parsed: ServerNotification = note.try_into()?;
+    let ServerNotification::AccountUpdated(payload) = parsed else {
+        bail!("unexpected notification: {parsed:?}");
+    };
+    assert!(
+        payload.auth_mode.is_none(),
+        "auth_method should be None after logout"
+    );
+
+    assert!(
+        !codex_home.path().join("auth.json").exists(),
+        "auth.json should be deleted"
+    );
+
+    let get_id = mcp
+        .send_get_account_request(GetAccountParams {
+            refresh_token: false,
+        })
+        .await?;
+    let get_resp: JSONRPCResponse = timeout(
+        DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
+        mcp.read_stream_until_response_message(RequestId::Integer(get_id)),
+    )
+    .await??;
+    let account: GetAccountResponse = to_response(get_resp)?;
+    assert_eq!(account.account, None);
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn login_account_api_key_succeeds_and_notifies() -> Result<()> {
+    let codex_home = TempDir::new()?;
+    create_config_toml(codex_home.path(), CreateConfigTomlParams::default())?;
+
+    let mut mcp = McpProcess::new(codex_home.path()).await?;
+    timeout(DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT, mcp.initialize()).await??;
+
+    let req_id = mcp
+        .send_login_account_api_key_request("sk-test-key")
+        .await?;
+    let resp: JSONRPCResponse = timeout(
+        DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
+        mcp.read_stream_until_response_message(RequestId::Integer(req_id)),
+    )
+    .await??;
+    let login: LoginAccountResponse = to_response(resp)?;
+    assert_eq!(login, LoginAccountResponse::ApiKey {});
+
+    let note = timeout(
+        DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
+        mcp.read_stream_until_notification_message("account/login/completed"),
+    )
+    .await??;
+    let parsed: ServerNotification = note.try_into()?;
+    let ServerNotification::AccountLoginCompleted(payload) = parsed else {
+        bail!("unexpected notification: {parsed:?}");
+    };
+    pretty_assertions::assert_eq!(payload.login_id, None);
+    pretty_assertions::assert_eq!(payload.success, true);
+    pretty_assertions::assert_eq!(payload.error, None);
+
+    let note = timeout(
+        DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
+        mcp.read_stream_until_notification_message("account/updated"),
+    )
+    .await??;
+    let parsed: ServerNotification = note.try_into()?;
+    let ServerNotification::AccountUpdated(payload) = parsed else {
+        bail!("unexpected notification: {parsed:?}");
+    };
+    pretty_assertions::assert_eq!(payload.auth_mode, Some(AuthMode::ApiKey));
+
+    assert!(codex_home.path().join("auth.json").exists());
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn login_account_api_key_rejected_when_forced_chatgpt() -> Result<()> {
+    let codex_home = TempDir::new()?;
+    create_config_toml(
+        codex_home.path(),
+        CreateConfigTomlParams {
+            forced_method: Some("chatgpt".to_string()),
+            ..Default::default()
+        },
+    )?;
+
+    let mut mcp = McpProcess::new(codex_home.path()).await?;
+    timeout(DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT, mcp.initialize()).await??;
+
+    let request_id = mcp
+        .send_login_account_api_key_request("sk-test-key")
+        .await?;
+    let err: JSONRPCError = timeout(
+        DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
+        mcp.read_stream_until_error_message(RequestId::Integer(request_id)),
+    )
+    .await??;
+
+    assert_eq!(
+        err.error.message,
+        "API key login is disabled. Use ChatGPT login instead."
+    );
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn login_account_chatgpt_rejected_when_forced_api() -> Result<()> {
+    let codex_home = TempDir::new()?;
+    create_config_toml(
+        codex_home.path(),
+        CreateConfigTomlParams {
+            forced_method: Some("api".to_string()),
+            ..Default::default()
+        },
+    )?;
+
+    let mut mcp = McpProcess::new(codex_home.path()).await?;
+    timeout(DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT, mcp.initialize()).await??;
+
+    let request_id = mcp.send_login_account_chatgpt_request().await?;
+    let err: JSONRPCError = timeout(
+        DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
+        mcp.read_stream_until_error_message(RequestId::Integer(request_id)),
+    )
+    .await??;
+
+    assert_eq!(
+        err.error.message,
+        "ChatGPT login is disabled. Use API key login instead."
+    );
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+#[tokio::test]
+// Serialize tests that launch the login server since it binds to a fixed port.
+#[serial(login_port)]
+async fn login_account_chatgpt_start() -> Result<()> {
+    let codex_home = TempDir::new()?;
+    create_config_toml(codex_home.path(), CreateConfigTomlParams::default())?;
+
+    let mut mcp = McpProcess::new(codex_home.path()).await?;
+    timeout(DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT, mcp.initialize()).await??;
+
+    let request_id = mcp.send_login_account_chatgpt_request().await?;
+    let resp: JSONRPCResponse = timeout(
+        DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
+        mcp.read_stream_until_response_message(RequestId::Integer(request_id)),
+    )
+    .await??;
+
+    let login: LoginAccountResponse = to_response(resp)?;
+    let LoginAccountResponse::Chatgpt { login_id, auth_url } = login else {
+        bail!("unexpected login response: {login:?}");
+    };
+    assert!(
+        auth_url.contains("redirect_uri=http%3A%2F%2Flocalhost"),
+        "auth_url should contain a redirect_uri to localhost"
+    );
+
+    let cancel_id = mcp
+        .send_cancel_login_account_request(CancelLoginAccountParams {
+            login_id: login_id.clone(),
+        })
+        .await?;
+    let cancel_resp: JSONRPCResponse = timeout(
+        DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
+        mcp.read_stream_until_response_message(RequestId::Integer(cancel_id)),
+    )
+    .await??;
+    let _ok: CancelLoginAccountResponse = to_response(cancel_resp)?;
+
+    let note = timeout(
+        DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
+        mcp.read_stream_until_notification_message("account/login/completed"),
+    )
+    .await??;
+    let parsed: ServerNotification = note.try_into()?;
+    let ServerNotification::AccountLoginCompleted(payload) = parsed else {
+        bail!("unexpected notification: {parsed:?}");
+    };
+    pretty_assertions::assert_eq!(payload.login_id, Some(login_id));
+    pretty_assertions::assert_eq!(payload.success, false);
+    assert!(
+        payload.error.is_some(),
+        "expected a non-empty error on cancel"
+    );
+
+    let maybe_updated = timeout(
+        Duration::from_millis(500),
+        mcp.read_stream_until_notification_message("account/updated"),
+    )
+    .await;
+    assert!(
+        maybe_updated.is_err(),
+        "account/updated should not be emitted when login is cancelled"
+    );
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+#[tokio::test]
+// Serialize tests that launch the login server since it binds to a fixed port.
+#[serial(login_port)]
+async fn login_account_chatgpt_includes_forced_workspace_query_param() -> Result<()> {
+    let codex_home = TempDir::new()?;
+    create_config_toml(
+        codex_home.path(),
+        CreateConfigTomlParams {
+            forced_workspace_id: Some("ws-forced".to_string()),
+            ..Default::default()
+        },
+    )?;
+
+    let mut mcp = McpProcess::new(codex_home.path()).await?;
+    timeout(DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT, mcp.initialize()).await??;
+
+    let request_id = mcp.send_login_account_chatgpt_request().await?;
+    let resp: JSONRPCResponse = timeout(
+        DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
+        mcp.read_stream_until_response_message(RequestId::Integer(request_id)),
+    )
+    .await??;
+
+    let login: LoginAccountResponse = to_response(resp)?;
+    let LoginAccountResponse::Chatgpt { auth_url, .. } = login else {
+        bail!("unexpected login response: {login:?}");
+    };
+    assert!(
+        auth_url.contains("allowed_workspace_id=ws-forced"),
+        "auth URL should include forced workspace"
+    );
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn get_account_no_auth() -> Result<()> {
+    let codex_home = TempDir::new()?;
+    create_config_toml(
+        codex_home.path(),
+        CreateConfigTomlParams {
+            requires_openai_auth: Some(true),
+            ..Default::default()
+        },
+    )?;
+
+    let mut mcp = McpProcess::new_with_env(codex_home.path(), &[("OPENAI_API_KEY", None)]).await?;
+    timeout(DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT, mcp.initialize()).await??;
+
+    let params = GetAccountParams {
+        refresh_token: false,
+    };
+    let request_id = mcp.send_get_account_request(params).await?;
+
+    let resp: JSONRPCResponse = timeout(
+        DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
+        mcp.read_stream_until_response_message(RequestId::Integer(request_id)),
+    )
+    .await??;
+    let account: GetAccountResponse = to_response(resp)?;
+
+    assert_eq!(account.account, None, "expected no account");
+    assert_eq!(account.requires_openai_auth, true);
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn get_account_with_api_key() -> Result<()> {
+    let codex_home = TempDir::new()?;
+    create_config_toml(
+        codex_home.path(),
+        CreateConfigTomlParams {
+            requires_openai_auth: Some(true),
+            ..Default::default()
+        },
+    )?;
+
+    let mut mcp = McpProcess::new(codex_home.path()).await?;
+    timeout(DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT, mcp.initialize()).await??;
+
+    let req_id = mcp
+        .send_login_account_api_key_request("sk-test-key")
+        .await?;
+    let resp: JSONRPCResponse = timeout(
+        DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
+        mcp.read_stream_until_response_message(RequestId::Integer(req_id)),
+    )
+    .await??;
+    let _login_ok = to_response::<LoginAccountResponse>(resp)?;
+
+    let params = GetAccountParams {
+        refresh_token: false,
+    };
+    let request_id = mcp.send_get_account_request(params).await?;
+
+    let resp: JSONRPCResponse = timeout(
+        DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
+        mcp.read_stream_until_response_message(RequestId::Integer(request_id)),
+    )
+    .await??;
+    let received: GetAccountResponse = to_response(resp)?;
+
+    let expected = GetAccountResponse {
+        account: Some(Account::ApiKey {}),
+        requires_openai_auth: true,
+    };
+    assert_eq!(received, expected);
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn get_account_when_auth_not_required() -> Result<()> {
+    let codex_home = TempDir::new()?;
+    create_config_toml(
+        codex_home.path(),
+        CreateConfigTomlParams {
+            requires_openai_auth: Some(false),
+            ..Default::default()
+        },
+    )?;
+
+    let mut mcp = McpProcess::new(codex_home.path()).await?;
+    timeout(DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT, mcp.initialize()).await??;
+
+    let params = GetAccountParams {
+        refresh_token: false,
+    };
+    let request_id = mcp.send_get_account_request(params).await?;
+
+    let resp: JSONRPCResponse = timeout(
+        DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
+        mcp.read_stream_until_response_message(RequestId::Integer(request_id)),
+    )
+    .await??;
+    let received: GetAccountResponse = to_response(resp)?;
+
+    let expected = GetAccountResponse {
+        account: None,
+        requires_openai_auth: false,
+    };
+    assert_eq!(received, expected);
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn get_account_with_chatgpt() -> Result<()> {
+    let codex_home = TempDir::new()?;
+    create_config_toml(
+        codex_home.path(),
+        CreateConfigTomlParams {
+            requires_openai_auth: Some(true),
+            ..Default::default()
+        },
+    )?;
+    write_chatgpt_auth(
+        codex_home.path(),
+        ChatGptAuthFixture::new("access-chatgpt")
+            .email("user@example.com")
+            .plan_type("pro"),
+        AuthCredentialsStoreMode::File,
+    )?;
+
+    let mut mcp = McpProcess::new_with_env(codex_home.path(), &[("OPENAI_API_KEY", None)]).await?;
+    timeout(DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT, mcp.initialize()).await??;
+
+    let params = GetAccountParams {
+        refresh_token: false,
+    };
+    let request_id = mcp.send_get_account_request(params).await?;
+
+    let resp: JSONRPCResponse = timeout(
+        DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
+        mcp.read_stream_until_response_message(RequestId::Integer(request_id)),
+    )
+    .await??;
+    let received: GetAccountResponse = to_response(resp)?;
+
+    let expected = GetAccountResponse {
+        account: Some(Account::Chatgpt {
+            email: "user@example.com".to_string(),
+            plan_type: AccountPlanType::Pro,
+        }),
+        requires_openai_auth: true,
+    };
+    assert_eq!(received, expected);
+    Ok(())
+}

codex-rs/app-server/tests/suite/v2/mod.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+mod account;
+mod model_list;
+mod rate_limits;
+mod thread_archive;
+mod thread_list;
+mod thread_resume;
+mod thread_start;
+mod turn_interrupt;
+mod turn_start;

codex-rs/app-server/tests/suite/v2/model_list.rs

@@ -6,9 +6,9 @@ use app_test_support::McpProcess;
 use app_test_support::to_response;
 use codex_app_server_protocol::JSONRPCError;
 use codex_app_server_protocol::JSONRPCResponse;
-use codex_app_server_protocol::ListModelsParams;
-use codex_app_server_protocol::ListModelsResponse;
 use codex_app_server_protocol::Model;
+use codex_app_server_protocol::ModelListParams;
+use codex_app_server_protocol::ModelListResponse;
 use codex_app_server_protocol::ReasoningEffortOption;
 use codex_app_server_protocol::RequestId;
 use codex_protocol::config_types::ReasoningEffort;
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ use tokio::time::timeout;
 const DEFAULT_TIMEOUT: Duration = Duration::from_secs(10);
 const INVALID_REQUEST_ERROR_CODE: i64 = -32600;
 
-#[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread", worker_threads = 2)]
+#[tokio::test]
 async fn list_models_returns_all_models_with_large_limit() -> Result<()> {
     let codex_home = TempDir::new()?;
     let mut mcp = McpProcess::new(codex_home.path()).await?;
@@ -27,8 +27,8 @@ async fn list_models_returns_all_models_with_large_limit() -> Result<()> {
     timeout(DEFAULT_TIMEOUT, mcp.initialize()).await??;
 
     let request_id = mcp
-        .send_list_models_request(ListModelsParams {
-            page_size: Some(100),
+        .send_list_models_request(ModelListParams {
+            limit: Some(100),
             cursor: None,
         })
         .await?;
@@ -39,14 +39,17 @@ async fn list_models_returns_all_models_with_large_limit() -> Result<()> {
     )
     .await??;
 
-    let ListModelsResponse { items, next_cursor } = to_response::<ListModelsResponse>(response)?;
+    let ModelListResponse {
+        data: items,
+        next_cursor,
+    } = to_response::<ModelListResponse>(response)?;
 
     let expected_models = vec![
         Model {
             id: "gpt-5-codex".to_string(),
             model: "gpt-5-codex".to_string(),
             display_name: "gpt-5-codex".to_string(),
-            description: "Optimized for coding tasks with many tools.".to_string(),
+            description: "Optimized for codex.".to_string(),
             supported_reasoning_efforts: vec![
                 ReasoningEffortOption {
                     reasoning_effort: ReasoningEffort::Low,
@@ -103,7 +106,7 @@ async fn list_models_returns_all_models_with_large_limit() -> Result<()> {
     Ok(())
 }
 
-#[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread", worker_threads = 2)]
+#[tokio::test]
 async fn list_models_pagination_works() -> Result<()> {
     let codex_home = TempDir::new()?;
     let mut mcp = McpProcess::new(codex_home.path()).await?;
@@ -111,8 +114,8 @@ async fn list_models_pagination_works() -> Result<()> {
     timeout(DEFAULT_TIMEOUT, mcp.initialize()).await??;
 
     let first_request = mcp
-        .send_list_models_request(ListModelsParams {
-            page_size: Some(1),
+        .send_list_models_request(ModelListParams {
+            limit: Some(1),
             cursor: None,
         })
         .await?;
@@ -123,18 +126,18 @@ async fn list_models_pagination_works() -> Result<()> {
     )
     .await??;
 
-    let ListModelsResponse {
-        items: first_items,
+    let ModelListResponse {
+        data: first_items,
         next_cursor: first_cursor,
-    } = to_response::<ListModelsResponse>(first_response)?;
+    } = to_response::<ModelListResponse>(first_response)?;
 
     assert_eq!(first_items.len(), 1);
     assert_eq!(first_items[0].id, "gpt-5-codex");
     let next_cursor = first_cursor.ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("cursor for second page"))?;
 
     let second_request = mcp
-        .send_list_models_request(ListModelsParams {
-            page_size: Some(1),
+        .send_list_models_request(ModelListParams {
+            limit: Some(1),
             cursor: Some(next_cursor.clone()),
         })
         .await?;
@@ -145,10 +148,10 @@ async fn list_models_pagination_works() -> Result<()> {
     )
     .await??;
 
-    let ListModelsResponse {
-        items: second_items,
+    let ModelListResponse {
+        data: second_items,
         next_cursor: second_cursor,
-    } = to_response::<ListModelsResponse>(second_response)?;
+    } = to_response::<ModelListResponse>(second_response)?;
 
     assert_eq!(second_items.len(), 1);
     assert_eq!(second_items[0].id, "gpt-5");
@@ -156,7 +159,7 @@ async fn list_models_pagination_works() -> Result<()> {
     Ok(())
 }
 
-#[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread", worker_threads = 2)]
+#[tokio::test]
 async fn list_models_rejects_invalid_cursor() -> Result<()> {
     let codex_home = TempDir::new()?;
     let mut mcp = McpProcess::new(codex_home.path()).await?;
@@ -164,8 +167,8 @@ async fn list_models_rejects_invalid_cursor() -> Result<()> {
     timeout(DEFAULT_TIMEOUT, mcp.initialize()).await??;
 
     let request_id = mcp
-        .send_list_models_request(ListModelsParams {
-            page_size: None,
+        .send_list_models_request(ModelListParams {
+            limit: None,
             cursor: Some("invalid".to_string()),
         })
         .await?;

codex-rs/app-server/tests/suite/v2/rate_limits.rs

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-use anyhow::Context;
 use anyhow::Result;
 use app_test_support::ChatGptAuthFixture;
 use app_test_support::McpProcess;
@@ -8,9 +7,10 @@ use codex_app_server_protocol::GetAccountRateLimitsResponse;
 use codex_app_server_protocol::JSONRPCError;
 use codex_app_server_protocol::JSONRPCResponse;
 use codex_app_server_protocol::LoginApiKeyParams;
+use codex_app_server_protocol::RateLimitSnapshot;
+use codex_app_server_protocol::RateLimitWindow;
 use codex_app_server_protocol::RequestId;
-use codex_protocol::protocol::RateLimitSnapshot;
-use codex_protocol::protocol::RateLimitWindow;
+use codex_core::auth::AuthCredentialsStoreMode;
 use pretty_assertions::assert_eq;
 use serde_json::json;
 use std::path::Path;
@@ -26,30 +26,20 @@ use wiremock::matchers::path;
 const DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT: std::time::Duration = std::time::Duration::from_secs(10);
 const INVALID_REQUEST_ERROR_CODE: i64 = -32600;
 
-#[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread", worker_threads = 2)]
+#[tokio::test]
 async fn get_account_rate_limits_requires_auth() -> Result<()> {
-    let codex_home = TempDir::new().context("create codex home tempdir")?;
+    let codex_home = TempDir::new()?;
 
-    let mut mcp = McpProcess::new_with_env(codex_home.path(), &[("OPENAI_API_KEY", None)])
-        .await
-        .context("spawn mcp process")?;
-    timeout(DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT, mcp.initialize())
-        .await
-        .context("initialize timeout")?
-        .context("initialize request")?;
+    let mut mcp = McpProcess::new_with_env(codex_home.path(), &[("OPENAI_API_KEY", None)]).await?;
+    timeout(DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT, mcp.initialize()).await??;
 
-    let request_id = mcp
-        .send_get_account_rate_limits_request()
-        .await
-        .context("send account/rateLimits/read")?;
+    let request_id = mcp.send_get_account_rate_limits_request().await?;
 
     let error: JSONRPCError = timeout(
         DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
         mcp.read_stream_until_error_message(RequestId::Integer(request_id)),
     )
-    .await
-    .context("account/rateLimits/read timeout")?
-    .context("account/rateLimits/read error")?;
+    .await??;
 
     assert_eq!(error.id, RequestId::Integer(request_id));
     assert_eq!(error.error.code, INVALID_REQUEST_ERROR_CODE);
@@ -61,32 +51,22 @@ async fn get_account_rate_limits_requires_auth() -> Result<()> {
     Ok(())
 }
 
-#[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread", worker_threads = 2)]
+#[tokio::test]
 async fn get_account_rate_limits_requires_chatgpt_auth() -> Result<()> {
-    let codex_home = TempDir::new().context("create codex home tempdir")?;
+    let codex_home = TempDir::new()?;
 
-    let mut mcp = McpProcess::new(codex_home.path())
-        .await
-        .context("spawn mcp process")?;
-    timeout(DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT, mcp.initialize())
-        .await
-        .context("initialize timeout")?
-        .context("initialize request")?;
+    let mut mcp = McpProcess::new(codex_home.path()).await?;
+    timeout(DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT, mcp.initialize()).await??;
 
     login_with_api_key(&mut mcp, "sk-test-key").await?;
 
-    let request_id = mcp
-        .send_get_account_rate_limits_request()
-        .await
-        .context("send account/rateLimits/read")?;
+    let request_id = mcp.send_get_account_rate_limits_request().await?;
 
     let error: JSONRPCError = timeout(
         DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
         mcp.read_stream_until_error_message(RequestId::Integer(request_id)),
     )
-    .await
-    .context("account/rateLimits/read timeout")?
-    .context("account/rateLimits/read error")?;
+    .await??;
 
     assert_eq!(error.id, RequestId::Integer(request_id));
     assert_eq!(error.error.code, INVALID_REQUEST_ERROR_CODE);
@@ -98,20 +78,20 @@ async fn get_account_rate_limits_requires_chatgpt_auth() -> Result<()> {
     Ok(())
 }
 
-#[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread", worker_threads = 2)]
+#[tokio::test]
 async fn get_account_rate_limits_returns_snapshot() -> Result<()> {
-    let codex_home = TempDir::new().context("create codex home tempdir")?;
+    let codex_home = TempDir::new()?;
     write_chatgpt_auth(
         codex_home.path(),
         ChatGptAuthFixture::new("chatgpt-token")
             .account_id("account-123")
             .plan_type("pro"),
-    )
-    .context("write chatgpt auth")?;
+        AuthCredentialsStoreMode::File,
+    )?;
 
     let server = MockServer::start().await;
     let server_url = server.uri();
-    write_chatgpt_base_url(codex_home.path(), &server_url).context("write chatgpt base url")?;
+    write_chatgpt_base_url(codex_home.path(), &server_url)?;
 
     let primary_reset_timestamp = chrono::DateTime::parse_from_rfc3339("2025-01-01T00:02:00Z")
         .expect("parse primary reset timestamp")
@@ -147,40 +127,29 @@ async fn get_account_rate_limits_returns_snapshot() -> Result<()> {
         .mount(&server)
         .await;
 
-    let mut mcp = McpProcess::new_with_env(codex_home.path(), &[("OPENAI_API_KEY", None)])
-        .await
-        .context("spawn mcp process")?;
-    timeout(DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT, mcp.initialize())
-        .await
-        .context("initialize timeout")?
-        .context("initialize request")?;
+    let mut mcp = McpProcess::new_with_env(codex_home.path(), &[("OPENAI_API_KEY", None)]).await?;
+    timeout(DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT, mcp.initialize()).await??;
 
-    let request_id = mcp
-        .send_get_account_rate_limits_request()
-        .await
-        .context("send account/rateLimits/read")?;
+    let request_id = mcp.send_get_account_rate_limits_request().await?;
 
     let response: JSONRPCResponse = timeout(
         DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
         mcp.read_stream_until_response_message(RequestId::Integer(request_id)),
     )
-    .await
-    .context("account/rateLimits/read timeout")?
-    .context("account/rateLimits/read response")?;
+    .await??;
 
-    let received: GetAccountRateLimitsResponse =
-        to_response(response).context("deserialize rate limit response")?;
+    let received: GetAccountRateLimitsResponse = to_response(response)?;
 
     let expected = GetAccountRateLimitsResponse {
         rate_limits: RateLimitSnapshot {
             primary: Some(RateLimitWindow {
-                used_percent: 42.0,
-                window_minutes: Some(60),
+                used_percent: 42,
+                window_duration_mins: Some(60),
                 resets_at: Some(primary_reset_timestamp),
             }),
             secondary: Some(RateLimitWindow {
-                used_percent: 5.0,
-                window_minutes: Some(1440),
+                used_percent: 5,
+                window_duration_mins: Some(1440),
                 resets_at: Some(secondary_reset_timestamp),
             }),
         },
@@ -195,16 +164,13 @@ async fn login_with_api_key(mcp: &mut McpProcess, api_key: &str) -> Result<()> {
         .send_login_api_key_request(LoginApiKeyParams {
             api_key: api_key.to_string(),
         })
-        .await
-        .context("send loginApiKey")?;
+        .await?;
 
     timeout(
         DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
         mcp.read_stream_until_response_message(RequestId::Integer(request_id)),
     )
-    .await
-    .context("loginApiKey timeout")?
-    .context("loginApiKey response")?;
+    .await??;
 
     Ok(())
 }

codex-rs/app-server/tests/suite/v2/thread_archive.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+use anyhow::Result;
+use app_test_support::McpProcess;
+use app_test_support::to_response;
+use codex_app_server_protocol::JSONRPCResponse;
+use codex_app_server_protocol::RequestId;
+use codex_app_server_protocol::ThreadArchiveParams;
+use codex_app_server_protocol::ThreadArchiveResponse;
+use codex_app_server_protocol::ThreadStartParams;
+use codex_app_server_protocol::ThreadStartResponse;
+use codex_core::ARCHIVED_SESSIONS_SUBDIR;
+use codex_core::find_conversation_path_by_id_str;
+use std::path::Path;
+use tempfile::TempDir;
+use tokio::time::timeout;
+
+const DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT: std::time::Duration = std::time::Duration::from_secs(10);
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn thread_archive_moves_rollout_into_archived_directory() -> Result<()> {
+    let codex_home = TempDir::new()?;
+    create_config_toml(codex_home.path())?;
+
+    let mut mcp = McpProcess::new(codex_home.path()).await?;
+    timeout(DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT, mcp.initialize()).await??;
+
+    // Start a thread.
+    let start_id = mcp
+        .send_thread_start_request(ThreadStartParams {
+            model: Some("mock-model".to_string()),
+            ..Default::default()
+        })
+        .await?;
+    let start_resp: JSONRPCResponse = timeout(
+        DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
+        mcp.read_stream_until_response_message(RequestId::Integer(start_id)),
+    )
+    .await??;
+    let ThreadStartResponse { thread } = to_response::<ThreadStartResponse>(start_resp)?;
+    assert!(!thread.id.is_empty());
+
+    // Locate the rollout path recorded for this thread id.
+    let rollout_path = find_conversation_path_by_id_str(codex_home.path(), &thread.id)
+        .await?
+        .expect("expected rollout path for thread id to exist");
+    assert!(
+        rollout_path.exists(),
+        "expected {} to exist",
+        rollout_path.display()
+    );
+
+    // Archive the thread.
+    let archive_id = mcp
+        .send_thread_archive_request(ThreadArchiveParams {
+            thread_id: thread.id.clone(),
+        })
+        .await?;
+    let archive_resp: JSONRPCResponse = timeout(
+        DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
+        mcp.read_stream_until_response_message(RequestId::Integer(archive_id)),
+    )
+    .await??;
+    let _: ThreadArchiveResponse = to_response::<ThreadArchiveResponse>(archive_resp)?;
+
+    // Verify file moved.
+    let archived_directory = codex_home.path().join(ARCHIVED_SESSIONS_SUBDIR);
+    // The archived file keeps the original filename (rollout-...-<id>.jsonl).
+    let archived_rollout_path =
+        archived_directory.join(rollout_path.file_name().expect("rollout file name"));
+    assert!(
+        !rollout_path.exists(),
+        "expected rollout path {} to be moved",
+        rollout_path.display()
+    );
+    assert!(
+        archived_rollout_path.exists(),
+        "expected archived rollout path {} to exist",
+        archived_rollout_path.display()
+    );
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+fn create_config_toml(codex_home: &Path) -> std::io::Result<()> {
+    let config_toml = codex_home.join("config.toml");
+    std::fs::write(config_toml, config_contents())
+}
+
+fn config_contents() -> &'static str {
+    r#"model = "mock-model"
+approval_policy = "never"
+sandbox_mode = "read-only"
+"#
+}

codex-rs/app-server/tests/suite/v2/thread_list.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,220 @@
+use anyhow::Result;
+use app_test_support::McpProcess;
+use app_test_support::create_fake_rollout;
+use app_test_support::to_response;
+use codex_app_server_protocol::JSONRPCResponse;
+use codex_app_server_protocol::RequestId;
+use codex_app_server_protocol::ThreadListParams;
+use codex_app_server_protocol::ThreadListResponse;
+use serde_json::json;
+use tempfile::TempDir;
+use tokio::time::timeout;
+use uuid::Uuid;
+
+const DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT: std::time::Duration = std::time::Duration::from_secs(10);
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn thread_list_basic_empty() -> Result<()> {
+    let codex_home = TempDir::new()?;
+    create_minimal_config(codex_home.path())?;
+
+    let mut mcp = McpProcess::new(codex_home.path()).await?;
+    timeout(DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT, mcp.initialize()).await??;
+
+    // List threads in an empty CODEX_HOME; should return an empty page with nextCursor: null.
+    let list_id = mcp
+        .send_thread_list_request(ThreadListParams {
+            cursor: None,
+            limit: Some(10),
+            model_providers: None,
+        })
+        .await?;
+    let list_resp: JSONRPCResponse = timeout(
+        DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
+        mcp.read_stream_until_response_message(RequestId::Integer(list_id)),
+    )
+    .await??;
+    let ThreadListResponse { data, next_cursor } = to_response::<ThreadListResponse>(list_resp)?;
+    assert!(data.is_empty());
+    assert_eq!(next_cursor, None);
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+// Minimal config.toml for listing.
+fn create_minimal_config(codex_home: &std::path::Path) -> std::io::Result<()> {
+    let config_toml = codex_home.join("config.toml");
+    std::fs::write(
+        config_toml,
+        r#"
+model = "mock-model"
+approval_policy = "never"
+"#,
+    )
+}
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn thread_list_pagination_next_cursor_none_on_last_page() -> Result<()> {
+    let codex_home = TempDir::new()?;
+    create_minimal_config(codex_home.path())?;
+
+    // Create three rollouts so we can paginate with limit=2.
+    let _a = create_fake_rollout(
+        codex_home.path(),
+        "2025-01-02T12-00-00",
+        "2025-01-02T12:00:00Z",
+        "Hello",
+        Some("mock_provider"),
+    )?;
+    let _b = create_fake_rollout(
+        codex_home.path(),
+        "2025-01-01T13-00-00",
+        "2025-01-01T13:00:00Z",
+        "Hello",
+        Some("mock_provider"),
+    )?;
+    let _c = create_fake_rollout(
+        codex_home.path(),
+        "2025-01-01T12-00-00",
+        "2025-01-01T12:00:00Z",
+        "Hello",
+        Some("mock_provider"),
+    )?;
+
+    let mut mcp = McpProcess::new(codex_home.path()).await?;
+    timeout(DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT, mcp.initialize()).await??;
+
+    // Page 1: limit 2 → expect next_cursor Some.
+    let page1_id = mcp
+        .send_thread_list_request(ThreadListParams {
+            cursor: None,
+            limit: Some(2),
+            model_providers: Some(vec!["mock_provider".to_string()]),
+        })
+        .await?;
+    let page1_resp: JSONRPCResponse = timeout(
+        DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
+        mcp.read_stream_until_response_message(RequestId::Integer(page1_id)),
+    )
+    .await??;
+    let ThreadListResponse {
+        data: data1,
+        next_cursor: cursor1,
+    } = to_response::<ThreadListResponse>(page1_resp)?;
+    assert_eq!(data1.len(), 2);
+    for thread in &data1 {
+        assert_eq!(thread.preview, "Hello");
+        assert_eq!(thread.model_provider, "mock_provider");
+        assert!(thread.created_at > 0);
+    }
+    let cursor1 = cursor1.expect("expected nextCursor on first page");
+
+    // Page 2: with cursor → expect next_cursor None when no more results.
+    let page2_id = mcp
+        .send_thread_list_request(ThreadListParams {
+            cursor: Some(cursor1),
+            limit: Some(2),
+            model_providers: Some(vec!["mock_provider".to_string()]),
+        })
+        .await?;
+    let page2_resp: JSONRPCResponse = timeout(
+        DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
+        mcp.read_stream_until_response_message(RequestId::Integer(page2_id)),
+    )
+    .await??;
+    let ThreadListResponse {
+        data: data2,
+        next_cursor: cursor2,
+    } = to_response::<ThreadListResponse>(page2_resp)?;
+    assert!(data2.len() <= 2);
+    for thread in &data2 {
+        assert_eq!(thread.preview, "Hello");
+        assert_eq!(thread.model_provider, "mock_provider");
+        assert!(thread.created_at > 0);
+    }
+    assert_eq!(cursor2, None, "expected nextCursor to be null on last page");
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn thread_list_respects_provider_filter() -> Result<()> {
+    let codex_home = TempDir::new()?;
+    create_minimal_config(codex_home.path())?;
+
+    // Create rollouts under two providers.
+    let _a = create_fake_rollout(
+        codex_home.path(),
+        "2025-01-02T10-00-00",
+        "2025-01-02T10:00:00Z",
+        "X",
+        Some("mock_provider"),
+    )?; // mock_provider
+    // one with a different provider
+    let uuid = Uuid::new_v4();
+    let dir = codex_home
+        .path()
+        .join("sessions")
+        .join("2025")
+        .join("01")
+        .join("02");
+    std::fs::create_dir_all(&dir)?;
+    let file_path = dir.join(format!("rollout-2025-01-02T11-00-00-{uuid}.jsonl"));
+    let lines = [
+        json!({
+            "timestamp": "2025-01-02T11:00:00Z",
+            "type": "session_meta",
+            "payload": {
+                "id": uuid,
+                "timestamp": "2025-01-02T11:00:00Z",
+                "cwd": "/",
+                "originator": "codex",
+                "cli_version": "0.0.0",
+                "instructions": null,
+                "source": "vscode",
+                "model_provider": "other_provider"
+            }
+        })
+        .to_string(),
+        json!({
+            "timestamp": "2025-01-02T11:00:00Z",
+            "type":"response_item",
+            "payload": {"type":"message","role":"user","content":[{"type":"input_text","text":"X"}]}
+        })
+        .to_string(),
+        json!({
+            "timestamp": "2025-01-02T11:00:00Z",
+            "type":"event_msg",
+            "payload": {"type":"user_message","message":"X","kind":"plain"}
+        })
+        .to_string(),
+    ];
+    std::fs::write(file_path, lines.join("\n") + "\n")?;
+
+    let mut mcp = McpProcess::new(codex_home.path()).await?;
+    timeout(DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT, mcp.initialize()).await??;
+
+    // Filter to only other_provider; expect 1 item, nextCursor None.
+    let list_id = mcp
+        .send_thread_list_request(ThreadListParams {
+            cursor: None,
+            limit: Some(10),
+            model_providers: Some(vec!["other_provider".to_string()]),
+        })
+        .await?;
+    let resp: JSONRPCResponse = timeout(
+        DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
+        mcp.read_stream_until_response_message(RequestId::Integer(list_id)),
+    )
+    .await??;
+    let ThreadListResponse { data, next_cursor } = to_response::<ThreadListResponse>(resp)?;
+    assert_eq!(data.len(), 1);
+    assert_eq!(next_cursor, None);
+    let thread = &data[0];
+    assert_eq!(thread.preview, "X");
+    assert_eq!(thread.model_provider, "other_provider");
+    let expected_ts = chrono::DateTime::parse_from_rfc3339("2025-01-02T11:00:00Z")?.timestamp();
+    assert_eq!(thread.created_at, expected_ts);
+
+    Ok(())
+}

codex-rs/app-server/tests/suite/v2/thread_resume.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+use anyhow::Result;
+use app_test_support::McpProcess;
+use app_test_support::create_mock_chat_completions_server;
+use app_test_support::to_response;
+use codex_app_server_protocol::JSONRPCResponse;
+use codex_app_server_protocol::RequestId;
+use codex_app_server_protocol::ThreadResumeParams;
+use codex_app_server_protocol::ThreadResumeResponse;
+use codex_app_server_protocol::ThreadStartParams;
+use codex_app_server_protocol::ThreadStartResponse;
+use tempfile::TempDir;
+use tokio::time::timeout;
+
+const DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT: std::time::Duration = std::time::Duration::from_secs(10);
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn thread_resume_returns_existing_thread() -> Result<()> {
+    let server = create_mock_chat_completions_server(vec![]).await;
+    let codex_home = TempDir::new()?;
+    create_config_toml(codex_home.path(), &server.uri())?;
+
+    let mut mcp = McpProcess::new(codex_home.path()).await?;
+    timeout(DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT, mcp.initialize()).await??;
+
+    // Start a thread.
+    let start_id = mcp
+        .send_thread_start_request(ThreadStartParams {
+            model: Some("gpt-5-codex".to_string()),
+            ..Default::default()
+        })
+        .await?;
+    let start_resp: JSONRPCResponse = timeout(
+        DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
+        mcp.read_stream_until_response_message(RequestId::Integer(start_id)),
+    )
+    .await??;
+    let ThreadStartResponse { thread } = to_response::<ThreadStartResponse>(start_resp)?;
+
+    // Resume it via v2 API.
+    let resume_id = mcp
+        .send_thread_resume_request(ThreadResumeParams {
+            thread_id: thread.id.clone(),
+        })
+        .await?;
+    let resume_resp: JSONRPCResponse = timeout(
+        DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
+        mcp.read_stream_until_response_message(RequestId::Integer(resume_id)),
+    )
+    .await??;
+    let ThreadResumeResponse { thread: resumed } =
+        to_response::<ThreadResumeResponse>(resume_resp)?;
+    assert_eq!(resumed, thread);
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+// Helper to create a config.toml pointing at the mock model server.
+fn create_config_toml(codex_home: &std::path::Path, server_uri: &str) -> std::io::Result<()> {
+    let config_toml = codex_home.join("config.toml");
+    std::fs::write(
+        config_toml,
+        format!(
+            r#"
+model = "mock-model"
+approval_policy = "never"
+sandbox_mode = "read-only"
+
+model_provider = "mock_provider"
+
+[model_providers.mock_provider]
+name = "Mock provider for test"
+base_url = "{server_uri}/v1"
+wire_api = "chat"
+request_max_retries = 0
+stream_max_retries = 0
+"#
+        ),
+    )
+}

codex-rs/app-server/tests/suite/v2/thread_start.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+use anyhow::Result;
+use app_test_support::McpProcess;
+use app_test_support::create_mock_chat_completions_server;
+use app_test_support::to_response;
+use codex_app_server_protocol::JSONRPCNotification;
+use codex_app_server_protocol::JSONRPCResponse;
+use codex_app_server_protocol::RequestId;
+use codex_app_server_protocol::ThreadStartParams;
+use codex_app_server_protocol::ThreadStartResponse;
+use codex_app_server_protocol::ThreadStartedNotification;
+use std::path::Path;
+use tempfile::TempDir;
+use tokio::time::timeout;
+
+const DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT: std::time::Duration = std::time::Duration::from_secs(10);
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn thread_start_creates_thread_and_emits_started() -> Result<()> {
+    // Provide a mock server and config so model wiring is valid.
+    let server = create_mock_chat_completions_server(vec![]).await;
+
+    let codex_home = TempDir::new()?;
+    create_config_toml(codex_home.path(), &server.uri())?;
+
+    // Start server and initialize.
+    let mut mcp = McpProcess::new(codex_home.path()).await?;
+    timeout(DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT, mcp.initialize()).await??;
+
+    // Start a v2 thread with an explicit model override.
+    let req_id = mcp
+        .send_thread_start_request(ThreadStartParams {
+            model: Some("gpt-5".to_string()),
+            ..Default::default()
+        })
+        .await?;
+
+    // Expect a proper JSON-RPC response with a thread id.
+    let resp: JSONRPCResponse = timeout(
+        DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
+        mcp.read_stream_until_response_message(RequestId::Integer(req_id)),
+    )
+    .await??;
+    let ThreadStartResponse { thread } = to_response::<ThreadStartResponse>(resp)?;
+    assert!(!thread.id.is_empty(), "thread id should not be empty");
+    assert!(
+        thread.preview.is_empty(),
+        "new threads should start with an empty preview"
+    );
+    assert_eq!(thread.model_provider, "mock_provider");
+    assert!(
+        thread.created_at > 0,
+        "created_at should be a positive UNIX timestamp"
+    );
+
+    // A corresponding thread/started notification should arrive.
+    let notif: JSONRPCNotification = timeout(
+        DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
+        mcp.read_stream_until_notification_message("thread/started"),
+    )
+    .await??;
+    let started: ThreadStartedNotification =
+        serde_json::from_value(notif.params.expect("params must be present"))?;
+    assert_eq!(started.thread, thread);
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+// Helper to create a config.toml pointing at the mock model server.
+fn create_config_toml(codex_home: &Path, server_uri: &str) -> std::io::Result<()> {
+    let config_toml = codex_home.join("config.toml");
+    std::fs::write(
+        config_toml,
+        format!(
+            r#"
+model = "mock-model"
+approval_policy = "never"
+sandbox_mode = "read-only"
+
+model_provider = "mock_provider"
+
+[model_providers.mock_provider]
+name = "Mock provider for test"
+base_url = "{server_uri}/v1"
+wire_api = "chat"
+request_max_retries = 0
+stream_max_retries = 0
+"#
+        ),
+    )
+}

codex-rs/app-server/tests/suite/v2/turn_interrupt.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,128 @@
+#![cfg(unix)]
+
+use anyhow::Result;
+use app_test_support::McpProcess;
+use app_test_support::create_mock_chat_completions_server;
+use app_test_support::create_shell_sse_response;
+use app_test_support::to_response;
+use codex_app_server_protocol::JSONRPCResponse;
+use codex_app_server_protocol::RequestId;
+use codex_app_server_protocol::ThreadStartParams;
+use codex_app_server_protocol::ThreadStartResponse;
+use codex_app_server_protocol::TurnInterruptParams;
+use codex_app_server_protocol::TurnInterruptResponse;
+use codex_app_server_protocol::TurnStartParams;
+use codex_app_server_protocol::TurnStartResponse;
+use codex_app_server_protocol::UserInput as V2UserInput;
+use tempfile::TempDir;
+use tokio::time::timeout;
+
+const DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT: std::time::Duration = std::time::Duration::from_secs(10);
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn turn_interrupt_aborts_running_turn() -> Result<()> {
+    // Use a portable sleep command to keep the turn running.
+    #[cfg(target_os = "windows")]
+    let shell_command = vec![
+        "powershell".to_string(),
+        "-Command".to_string(),
+        "Start-Sleep -Seconds 10".to_string(),
+    ];
+    #[cfg(not(target_os = "windows"))]
+    let shell_command = vec!["sleep".to_string(), "10".to_string()];
+
+    let tmp = TempDir::new()?;
+    let codex_home = tmp.path().join("codex_home");
+    std::fs::create_dir(&codex_home)?;
+    let working_directory = tmp.path().join("workdir");
+    std::fs::create_dir(&working_directory)?;
+
+    // Mock server: long-running shell command then (after abort) nothing else needed.
+    let server = create_mock_chat_completions_server(vec![create_shell_sse_response(
+        shell_command.clone(),
+        Some(&working_directory),
+        Some(10_000),
+        "call_sleep",
+    )?])
+    .await;
+    create_config_toml(&codex_home, &server.uri())?;
+
+    let mut mcp = McpProcess::new(&codex_home).await?;
+    timeout(DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT, mcp.initialize()).await??;
+
+    // Start a v2 thread and capture its id.
+    let thread_req = mcp
+        .send_thread_start_request(ThreadStartParams {
+            model: Some("mock-model".to_string()),
+            ..Default::default()
+        })
+        .await?;
+    let thread_resp: JSONRPCResponse = timeout(
+        DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
+        mcp.read_stream_until_response_message(RequestId::Integer(thread_req)),
+    )
+    .await??;
+    let ThreadStartResponse { thread } = to_response::<ThreadStartResponse>(thread_resp)?;
+
+    // Start a turn that triggers a long-running command.
+    let turn_req = mcp
+        .send_turn_start_request(TurnStartParams {
+            thread_id: thread.id.clone(),
+            input: vec![V2UserInput::Text {
+                text: "run sleep".to_string(),
+            }],
+            cwd: Some(working_directory.clone()),
+            ..Default::default()
+        })
+        .await?;
+    let turn_resp: JSONRPCResponse = timeout(
+        DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
+        mcp.read_stream_until_response_message(RequestId::Integer(turn_req)),
+    )
+    .await??;
+    let TurnStartResponse { turn } = to_response::<TurnStartResponse>(turn_resp)?;
+
+    // Give the command a brief moment to start.
+    tokio::time::sleep(std::time::Duration::from_secs(1)).await;
+
+    // Interrupt the in-progress turn by id (v2 API).
+    let interrupt_id = mcp
+        .send_turn_interrupt_request(TurnInterruptParams {
+            thread_id: thread.id,
+            turn_id: turn.id,
+        })
+        .await?;
+    let interrupt_resp: JSONRPCResponse = timeout(
+        DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
+        mcp.read_stream_until_response_message(RequestId::Integer(interrupt_id)),
+    )
+    .await??;
+    let _resp: TurnInterruptResponse = to_response::<TurnInterruptResponse>(interrupt_resp)?;
+
+    // No fields to assert on; successful deserialization confirms proper response shape.
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+// Helper to create a config.toml pointing at the mock model server.
+fn create_config_toml(codex_home: &std::path::Path, server_uri: &str) -> std::io::Result<()> {
+    let config_toml = codex_home.join("config.toml");
+    std::fs::write(
+        config_toml,
+        format!(
+            r#"
+model = "mock-model"
+approval_policy = "never"
+sandbox_mode = "workspace-write"
+
+model_provider = "mock_provider"
+
+[model_providers.mock_provider]
+name = "Mock provider for test"
+base_url = "{server_uri}/v1"
+wire_api = "chat"
+request_max_retries = 0
+stream_max_retries = 0
+"#
+        ),
+    )
+}

codex-rs/app-server/tests/suite/v2/turn_start.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,486 @@
+use anyhow::Result;
+use app_test_support::McpProcess;
+use app_test_support::create_final_assistant_message_sse_response;
+use app_test_support::create_mock_chat_completions_server;
+use app_test_support::create_mock_chat_completions_server_unchecked;
+use app_test_support::create_shell_sse_response;
+use app_test_support::to_response;
+use codex_app_server_protocol::JSONRPCNotification;
+use codex_app_server_protocol::JSONRPCResponse;
+use codex_app_server_protocol::RequestId;
+use codex_app_server_protocol::ServerRequest;
+use codex_app_server_protocol::ThreadStartParams;
+use codex_app_server_protocol::ThreadStartResponse;
+use codex_app_server_protocol::TurnStartParams;
+use codex_app_server_protocol::TurnStartResponse;
+use codex_app_server_protocol::TurnStartedNotification;
+use codex_app_server_protocol::UserInput as V2UserInput;
+use codex_core::protocol_config_types::ReasoningEffort;
+use codex_core::protocol_config_types::ReasoningSummary;
+use codex_protocol::parse_command::ParsedCommand;
+use codex_protocol::protocol::Event;
+use codex_protocol::protocol::EventMsg;
+use core_test_support::skip_if_no_network;
+use pretty_assertions::assert_eq;
+use std::path::Path;
+use tempfile::TempDir;
+use tokio::time::timeout;
+
+const DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT: std::time::Duration = std::time::Duration::from_secs(10);
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn turn_start_emits_notifications_and_accepts_model_override() -> Result<()> {
+    // Provide a mock server and config so model wiring is valid.
+    // Three Codex turns hit the mock model (session start + two turn/start calls).
+    let responses = vec![
+        create_final_assistant_message_sse_response("Done")?,
+        create_final_assistant_message_sse_response("Done")?,
+        create_final_assistant_message_sse_response("Done")?,
+    ];
+    let server = create_mock_chat_completions_server_unchecked(responses).await;
+
+    let codex_home = TempDir::new()?;
+    create_config_toml(codex_home.path(), &server.uri(), "never")?;
+
+    let mut mcp = McpProcess::new(codex_home.path()).await?;
+    timeout(DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT, mcp.initialize()).await??;
+
+    // Start a thread (v2) and capture its id.
+    let thread_req = mcp
+        .send_thread_start_request(ThreadStartParams {
+            model: Some("mock-model".to_string()),
+            ..Default::default()
+        })
+        .await?;
+    let thread_resp: JSONRPCResponse = timeout(
+        DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
+        mcp.read_stream_until_response_message(RequestId::Integer(thread_req)),
+    )
+    .await??;
+    let ThreadStartResponse { thread } = to_response::<ThreadStartResponse>(thread_resp)?;
+
+    // Start a turn with only input and thread_id set (no overrides).
+    let turn_req = mcp
+        .send_turn_start_request(TurnStartParams {
+            thread_id: thread.id.clone(),
+            input: vec![V2UserInput::Text {
+                text: "Hello".to_string(),
+            }],
+            ..Default::default()
+        })
+        .await?;
+    let turn_resp: JSONRPCResponse = timeout(
+        DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
+        mcp.read_stream_until_response_message(RequestId::Integer(turn_req)),
+    )
+    .await??;
+    let TurnStartResponse { turn } = to_response::<TurnStartResponse>(turn_resp)?;
+    assert!(!turn.id.is_empty());
+
+    // Expect a turn/started notification.
+    let notif: JSONRPCNotification = timeout(
+        DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
+        mcp.read_stream_until_notification_message("turn/started"),
+    )
+    .await??;
+    let started: TurnStartedNotification =
+        serde_json::from_value(notif.params.expect("params must be present"))?;
+    assert_eq!(
+        started.turn.status,
+        codex_app_server_protocol::TurnStatus::InProgress
+    );
+
+    // Send a second turn that exercises the overrides path: change the model.
+    let turn_req2 = mcp
+        .send_turn_start_request(TurnStartParams {
+            thread_id: thread.id.clone(),
+            input: vec![V2UserInput::Text {
+                text: "Second".to_string(),
+            }],
+            model: Some("mock-model-override".to_string()),
+            ..Default::default()
+        })
+        .await?;
+    let turn_resp2: JSONRPCResponse = timeout(
+        DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
+        mcp.read_stream_until_response_message(RequestId::Integer(turn_req2)),
+    )
+    .await??;
+    let TurnStartResponse { turn: turn2 } = to_response::<TurnStartResponse>(turn_resp2)?;
+    assert!(!turn2.id.is_empty());
+    // Ensure the second turn has a different id than the first.
+    assert_ne!(turn.id, turn2.id);
+
+    // Expect a second turn/started notification as well.
+    let _notif2: JSONRPCNotification = timeout(
+        DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
+        mcp.read_stream_until_notification_message("turn/started"),
+    )
+    .await??;
+
+    // And we should ultimately get a task_complete without having to add a
+    // legacy conversation listener explicitly (auto-attached by thread/start).
+    let _task_complete: JSONRPCNotification = timeout(
+        DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
+        mcp.read_stream_until_notification_message("codex/event/task_complete"),
+    )
+    .await??;
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn turn_start_accepts_local_image_input() -> Result<()> {
+    // Two Codex turns hit the mock model (session start + turn/start).
+    let responses = vec![
+        create_final_assistant_message_sse_response("Done")?,
+        create_final_assistant_message_sse_response("Done")?,
+    ];
+    // Use the unchecked variant because the request payload includes a LocalImage
+    // which the strict matcher does not currently cover.
+    let server = create_mock_chat_completions_server_unchecked(responses).await;
+
+    let codex_home = TempDir::new()?;
+    create_config_toml(codex_home.path(), &server.uri(), "never")?;
+
+    let mut mcp = McpProcess::new(codex_home.path()).await?;
+    timeout(DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT, mcp.initialize()).await??;
+
+    let thread_req = mcp
+        .send_thread_start_request(ThreadStartParams {
+            model: Some("mock-model".to_string()),
+            ..Default::default()
+        })
+        .await?;
+    let thread_resp: JSONRPCResponse = timeout(
+        DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
+        mcp.read_stream_until_response_message(RequestId::Integer(thread_req)),
+    )
+    .await??;
+    let ThreadStartResponse { thread } = to_response::<ThreadStartResponse>(thread_resp)?;
+
+    let image_path = codex_home.path().join("image.png");
+    // No need to actually write the file; we just exercise the input path.
+
+    let turn_req = mcp
+        .send_turn_start_request(TurnStartParams {
+            thread_id: thread.id.clone(),
+            input: vec![V2UserInput::LocalImage { path: image_path }],
+            ..Default::default()
+        })
+        .await?;
+    let turn_resp: JSONRPCResponse = timeout(
+        DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
+        mcp.read_stream_until_response_message(RequestId::Integer(turn_req)),
+    )
+    .await??;
+    let TurnStartResponse { turn } = to_response::<TurnStartResponse>(turn_resp)?;
+    assert!(!turn.id.is_empty());
+
+    // This test only validates that turn/start responds and returns a turn.
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn turn_start_exec_approval_toggle_v2() -> Result<()> {
+    skip_if_no_network!(Ok(()));
+
+    let tmp = TempDir::new()?;
+    let codex_home = tmp.path().to_path_buf();
+
+    // Mock server: first turn requests a shell call (elicitation), then completes.
+    // Second turn same, but we'll set approval_policy=never to avoid elicitation.
+    let responses = vec![
+        create_shell_sse_response(
+            vec![
+                "python3".to_string(),
+                "-c".to_string(),
+                "print(42)".to_string(),
+            ],
+            None,
+            Some(5000),
+            "call1",
+        )?,
+        create_final_assistant_message_sse_response("done 1")?,
+        create_shell_sse_response(
+            vec![
+                "python3".to_string(),
+                "-c".to_string(),
+                "print(42)".to_string(),
+            ],
+            None,
+            Some(5000),
+            "call2",
+        )?,
+        create_final_assistant_message_sse_response("done 2")?,
+    ];
+    let server = create_mock_chat_completions_server(responses).await;
+    // Default approval is untrusted to force elicitation on first turn.
+    create_config_toml(codex_home.as_path(), &server.uri(), "untrusted")?;
+
+    let mut mcp = McpProcess::new(codex_home.as_path()).await?;
+    timeout(DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT, mcp.initialize()).await??;
+
+    // thread/start
+    let start_id = mcp
+        .send_thread_start_request(ThreadStartParams {
+            model: Some("mock-model".to_string()),
+            ..Default::default()
+        })
+        .await?;
+    let start_resp: JSONRPCResponse = timeout(
+        DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
+        mcp.read_stream_until_response_message(RequestId::Integer(start_id)),
+    )
+    .await??;
+    let ThreadStartResponse { thread } = to_response::<ThreadStartResponse>(start_resp)?;
+
+    // turn/start — expect ExecCommandApproval request from server
+    let first_turn_id = mcp
+        .send_turn_start_request(TurnStartParams {
+            thread_id: thread.id.clone(),
+            input: vec![V2UserInput::Text {
+                text: "run python".to_string(),
+            }],
+            ..Default::default()
+        })
+        .await?;
+    // Acknowledge RPC
+    timeout(
+        DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
+        mcp.read_stream_until_response_message(RequestId::Integer(first_turn_id)),
+    )
+    .await??;
+
+    // Receive elicitation
+    let server_req = timeout(
+        DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
+        mcp.read_stream_until_request_message(),
+    )
+    .await??;
+    let ServerRequest::ExecCommandApproval { request_id, params } = server_req else {
+        panic!("expected ExecCommandApproval request");
+    };
+    assert_eq!(params.call_id, "call1");
+    assert_eq!(
+        params.parsed_cmd,
+        vec![ParsedCommand::Unknown {
+            cmd: "python3 -c 'print(42)'".to_string()
+        }]
+    );
+
+    // Approve and wait for task completion
+    mcp.send_response(
+        request_id,
+        serde_json::json!({ "decision": codex_core::protocol::ReviewDecision::Approved }),
+    )
+    .await?;
+    timeout(
+        DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
+        mcp.read_stream_until_notification_message("codex/event/task_complete"),
+    )
+    .await??;
+
+    // Second turn with approval_policy=never should not elicit approval
+    let second_turn_id = mcp
+        .send_turn_start_request(TurnStartParams {
+            thread_id: thread.id.clone(),
+            input: vec![V2UserInput::Text {
+                text: "run python again".to_string(),
+            }],
+            approval_policy: Some(codex_app_server_protocol::AskForApproval::Never),
+            sandbox_policy: Some(codex_app_server_protocol::SandboxPolicy::DangerFullAccess),
+            model: Some("mock-model".to_string()),
+            effort: Some(ReasoningEffort::Medium),
+            summary: Some(ReasoningSummary::Auto),
+            ..Default::default()
+        })
+        .await?;
+    timeout(
+        DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
+        mcp.read_stream_until_response_message(RequestId::Integer(second_turn_id)),
+    )
+    .await??;
+
+    // Ensure we do NOT receive an ExecCommandApproval request before task completes
+    timeout(
+        DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
+        mcp.read_stream_until_notification_message("codex/event/task_complete"),
+    )
+    .await??;
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn turn_start_updates_sandbox_and_cwd_between_turns_v2() -> Result<()> {
+    // When returning Result from a test, pass an Ok(()) to the skip macro
+    // so the early return type matches. The no-arg form returns unit.
+    skip_if_no_network!(Ok(()));
+
+    let tmp = TempDir::new()?;
+    let codex_home = tmp.path().join("codex_home");
+    std::fs::create_dir(&codex_home)?;
+    let workspace_root = tmp.path().join("workspace");
+    std::fs::create_dir(&workspace_root)?;
+    let first_cwd = workspace_root.join("turn1");
+    let second_cwd = workspace_root.join("turn2");
+    std::fs::create_dir(&first_cwd)?;
+    std::fs::create_dir(&second_cwd)?;
+
+    let responses = vec![
+        create_shell_sse_response(
+            vec![
+                "bash".to_string(),
+                "-lc".to_string(),
+                "echo first turn".to_string(),
+            ],
+            None,
+            Some(5000),
+            "call-first",
+        )?,
+        create_final_assistant_message_sse_response("done first")?,
+        create_shell_sse_response(
+            vec![
+                "bash".to_string(),
+                "-lc".to_string(),
+                "echo second turn".to_string(),
+            ],
+            None,
+            Some(5000),
+            "call-second",
+        )?,
+        create_final_assistant_message_sse_response("done second")?,
+    ];
+    let server = create_mock_chat_completions_server(responses).await;
+    create_config_toml(&codex_home, &server.uri(), "untrusted")?;
+
+    let mut mcp = McpProcess::new(&codex_home).await?;
+    timeout(DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT, mcp.initialize()).await??;
+
+    // thread/start
+    let start_id = mcp
+        .send_thread_start_request(ThreadStartParams {
+            model: Some("mock-model".to_string()),
+            ..Default::default()
+        })
+        .await?;
+    let start_resp: JSONRPCResponse = timeout(
+        DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
+        mcp.read_stream_until_response_message(RequestId::Integer(start_id)),
+    )
+    .await??;
+    let ThreadStartResponse { thread } = to_response::<ThreadStartResponse>(start_resp)?;
+
+    // first turn with workspace-write sandbox and first_cwd
+    let first_turn = mcp
+        .send_turn_start_request(TurnStartParams {
+            thread_id: thread.id.clone(),
+            input: vec![V2UserInput::Text {
+                text: "first turn".to_string(),
+            }],
+            cwd: Some(first_cwd.clone()),
+            approval_policy: Some(codex_app_server_protocol::AskForApproval::Never),
+            sandbox_policy: Some(codex_app_server_protocol::SandboxPolicy::WorkspaceWrite {
+                writable_roots: vec![first_cwd.clone()],
+                network_access: false,
+                exclude_tmpdir_env_var: false,
+                exclude_slash_tmp: false,
+            }),
+            model: Some("mock-model".to_string()),
+            effort: Some(ReasoningEffort::Medium),
+            summary: Some(ReasoningSummary::Auto),
+        })
+        .await?;
+    timeout(
+        DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
+        mcp.read_stream_until_response_message(RequestId::Integer(first_turn)),
+    )
+    .await??;
+    timeout(
+        DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
+        mcp.read_stream_until_notification_message("codex/event/task_complete"),
+    )
+    .await??;
+
+    // second turn with workspace-write and second_cwd, ensure exec begins in second_cwd
+    let second_turn = mcp
+        .send_turn_start_request(TurnStartParams {
+            thread_id: thread.id.clone(),
+            input: vec![V2UserInput::Text {
+                text: "second turn".to_string(),
+            }],
+            cwd: Some(second_cwd.clone()),
+            approval_policy: Some(codex_app_server_protocol::AskForApproval::Never),
+            sandbox_policy: Some(codex_app_server_protocol::SandboxPolicy::DangerFullAccess),
+            model: Some("mock-model".to_string()),
+            effort: Some(ReasoningEffort::Medium),
+            summary: Some(ReasoningSummary::Auto),
+        })
+        .await?;
+    timeout(
+        DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
+        mcp.read_stream_until_response_message(RequestId::Integer(second_turn)),
+    )
+    .await??;
+
+    let exec_begin_notification = timeout(
+        DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
+        mcp.read_stream_until_notification_message("codex/event/exec_command_begin"),
+    )
+    .await??;
+    let params = exec_begin_notification
+        .params
+        .clone()
+        .expect("exec_command_begin params");
+    let event: Event = serde_json::from_value(params).expect("deserialize exec begin event");
+    let exec_begin = match event.msg {
+        EventMsg::ExecCommandBegin(exec_begin) => exec_begin,
+        other => panic!("expected ExecCommandBegin event, got {other:?}"),
+    };
+    assert_eq!(exec_begin.cwd, second_cwd);
+    assert_eq!(
+        exec_begin.command,
+        vec![
+            "bash".to_string(),
+            "-lc".to_string(),
+            "echo second turn".to_string()
+        ]
+    );
+
+    timeout(
+        DEFAULT_READ_TIMEOUT,
+        mcp.read_stream_until_notification_message("codex/event/task_complete"),
+    )
+    .await??;
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+// Helper to create a config.toml pointing at the mock model server.
+fn create_config_toml(
+    codex_home: &Path,
+    server_uri: &str,
+    approval_policy: &str,
+) -> std::io::Result<()> {
+    let config_toml = codex_home.join("config.toml");
+    std::fs::write(
+        config_toml,
+        format!(
+            r#"
+model = "mock-model"
+approval_policy = "{approval_policy}"
+sandbox_mode = "read-only"
+
+model_provider = "mock_provider"
+
+[model_providers.mock_provider]
+name = "Mock provider for test"
+base_url = "{server_uri}/v1"
+wire_api = "chat"
+request_max_retries = 0
+stream_max_retries = 0
+"#
+        ),
+    )
+}

codex-rs/apply-patch/src/lib.rs

@@ -288,7 +288,7 @@ pub fn maybe_parse_apply_patch_verified(argv: &[String], cwd: &Path) -> MaybeApp
                             path,
                             ApplyPatchFileChange::Update {
                                 unified_diff,
-                                move_path: move_path.map(|p| cwd.join(p)),
+                                move_path: move_path.map(|p| effective_cwd.join(p)),
                                 new_content: contents,
                             },
                         );
@@ -1603,6 +1603,53 @@ g
         );
     }
 
+    #[test]
+    fn test_apply_patch_resolves_move_path_with_effective_cwd() {
+        let session_dir = tempdir().unwrap();
+        let worktree_rel = "alt";
+        let worktree_dir = session_dir.path().join(worktree_rel);
+        fs::create_dir_all(&worktree_dir).unwrap();
+
+        let source_name = "old.txt";
+        let dest_name = "renamed.txt";
+        let source_path = worktree_dir.join(source_name);
+        fs::write(&source_path, "before\n").unwrap();
+
+        let patch = wrap_patch(&format!(
+            r#"*** Update File: {source_name}
+*** Move to: {dest_name}
+@@
+-before
++after"#
+        ));
+
+        let shell_script = format!("cd {worktree_rel} && apply_patch <<'PATCH'\n{patch}\nPATCH");
+        let argv = vec!["bash".into(), "-lc".into(), shell_script];
+
+        let result = maybe_parse_apply_patch_verified(&argv, session_dir.path());
+        let action = match result {
+            MaybeApplyPatchVerified::Body(action) => action,
+            other => panic!("expected verified body, got {other:?}"),
+        };
+
+        assert_eq!(action.cwd, worktree_dir);
+
+        let change = action
+            .changes()
+            .get(&worktree_dir.join(source_name))
+            .expect("source file change present");
+
+        match change {
+            ApplyPatchFileChange::Update { move_path, .. } => {
+                assert_eq!(
+                    move_path.as_deref(),
+                    Some(worktree_dir.join(dest_name).as_path())
+                );
+            }
+            other => panic!("expected update change, got {other:?}"),
+        }
+    }
+
     #[test]
     fn test_apply_patch_fails_on_write_error() {
         let dir = tempdir().unwrap();

codex-rs/arg0/src/lib.rs

@@ -11,32 +11,7 @@ const LINUX_SANDBOX_ARG0: &str = "codex-linux-sandbox";
 const APPLY_PATCH_ARG0: &str = "apply_patch";
 const MISSPELLED_APPLY_PATCH_ARG0: &str = "applypatch";
 
-/// While we want to deploy the Codex CLI as a single executable for simplicity,
-/// we also want to expose some of its functionality as distinct CLIs, so we use
-/// the "arg0 trick" to determine which CLI to dispatch. This effectively allows
-/// us to simulate deploying multiple executables as a single binary on Mac and
-/// Linux (but not Windows).
-///
-/// When the current executable is invoked through the hard-link or alias named
-/// `codex-linux-sandbox` we *directly* execute
-/// [`codex_linux_sandbox::run_main`] (which never returns). Otherwise we:
-///
-/// 1.  Load `.env` values from `~/.codex/.env` before creating any threads.
-/// 2.  Construct a Tokio multi-thread runtime.
-/// 3.  Derive the path to the current executable (so children can re-invoke the
-///     sandbox) when running on Linux.
-/// 4.  Execute the provided async `main_fn` inside that runtime, forwarding any
-///     error. Note that `main_fn` receives `codex_linux_sandbox_exe:
-///     Option<PathBuf>`, as an argument, which is generally needed as part of
-///     constructing [`codex_core::config::Config`].
-///
-/// This function should be used to wrap any `main()` function in binary crates
-/// in this workspace that depends on these helper CLIs.
-pub fn arg0_dispatch_or_else<F, Fut>(main_fn: F) -> anyhow::Result<()>
-where
-    F: FnOnce(Option<PathBuf>) -> Fut,
-    Fut: Future<Output = anyhow::Result<()>>,
-{
+pub fn arg0_dispatch() -> Option<TempDir> {
     // Determine if we were invoked via the special alias.
     let mut args = std::env::args_os();
     let argv0 = args.next().unwrap_or_default();
@@ -76,10 +51,7 @@ where
     // before creating any threads/the Tokio runtime.
     load_dotenv();
 
-    // Retain the TempDir so it exists for the lifetime of the invocation of
-    // this executable. Admittedly, we could invoke `keep()` on it, but it
-    // would be nice to avoid leaving temporary directories behind, if possible.
-    let _path_entry = match prepend_path_entry_for_apply_patch() {
+    match prepend_path_entry_for_codex_aliases() {
         Ok(path_entry) => Some(path_entry),
         Err(err) => {
             // It is possible that Codex will proceed successfully even if
@@ -87,7 +59,39 @@ where
             eprintln!("WARNING: proceeding, even though we could not update PATH: {err}");
             None
         }
-    };
+    }
+}
+
+/// While we want to deploy the Codex CLI as a single executable for simplicity,
+/// we also want to expose some of its functionality as distinct CLIs, so we use
+/// the "arg0 trick" to determine which CLI to dispatch. This effectively allows
+/// us to simulate deploying multiple executables as a single binary on Mac and
+/// Linux (but not Windows).
+///
+/// When the current executable is invoked through the hard-link or alias named
+/// `codex-linux-sandbox` we *directly* execute
+/// [`codex_linux_sandbox::run_main`] (which never returns). Otherwise we:
+///
+/// 1.  Load `.env` values from `~/.codex/.env` before creating any threads.
+/// 2.  Construct a Tokio multi-thread runtime.
+/// 3.  Derive the path to the current executable (so children can re-invoke the
+///     sandbox) when running on Linux.
+/// 4.  Execute the provided async `main_fn` inside that runtime, forwarding any
+///     error. Note that `main_fn` receives `codex_linux_sandbox_exe:
+///     Option<PathBuf>`, as an argument, which is generally needed as part of
+///     constructing [`codex_core::config::Config`].
+///
+/// This function should be used to wrap any `main()` function in binary crates
+/// in this workspace that depends on these helper CLIs.
+pub fn arg0_dispatch_or_else<F, Fut>(main_fn: F) -> anyhow::Result<()>
+where
+    F: FnOnce(Option<PathBuf>) -> Fut,
+    Fut: Future<Output = anyhow::Result<()>>,
+{
+    // Retain the TempDir so it exists for the lifetime of the invocation of
+    // this executable. Admittedly, we could invoke `keep()` on it, but it
+    // would be nice to avoid leaving temporary directories behind, if possible.
+    let _path_entry = arg0_dispatch();
 
     // Regular invocation – create a Tokio runtime and execute the provided
     // async entry-point.
@@ -144,11 +148,16 @@ where
 ///
 /// IMPORTANT: This function modifies the PATH environment variable, so it MUST
 /// be called before multiple threads are spawned.
-fn prepend_path_entry_for_apply_patch() -> std::io::Result<TempDir> {
+pub fn prepend_path_entry_for_codex_aliases() -> std::io::Result<TempDir> {
     let temp_dir = TempDir::new()?;
     let path = temp_dir.path();
 
-    for filename in &[APPLY_PATCH_ARG0, MISSPELLED_APPLY_PATCH_ARG0] {
+    for filename in &[
+        APPLY_PATCH_ARG0,
+        MISSPELLED_APPLY_PATCH_ARG0,
+        #[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
+        LINUX_SANDBOX_ARG0,
+    ] {
         let exe = std::env::current_exe()?;
 
         #[cfg(unix)]

codex-rs/chatgpt/Cargo.toml

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ codex-core = { workspace = true }
 serde = { workspace = true, features = ["derive"] }
 serde_json = { workspace = true }
 tokio = { workspace = true, features = ["full"] }
-codex-git-apply = { path = "../git-apply" }
+codex-git = { workspace = true }
 
 [dev-dependencies]
 tempfile = { workspace = true }

codex-rs/chatgpt/src/apply_command.rs

@@ -32,7 +32,8 @@ pub async fn run_apply_command(
     )
     .await?;
 
-    init_chatgpt_token_from_auth(&config.codex_home).await?;
+    init_chatgpt_token_from_auth(&config.codex_home, config.cli_auth_credentials_store_mode)
+        .await?;
 
     let task_response = get_task(&config, apply_cli.task_id).await?;
     apply_diff_from_task(task_response, cwd).await
@@ -58,13 +59,13 @@ pub async fn apply_diff_from_task(
 
 async fn apply_diff(diff: &str, cwd: Option<PathBuf>) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
     let cwd = cwd.unwrap_or(std::env::current_dir().unwrap_or_else(|_| std::env::temp_dir()));
-    let req = codex_git_apply::ApplyGitRequest {
+    let req = codex_git::ApplyGitRequest {
         cwd,
         diff: diff.to_string(),
         revert: false,
         preflight: false,
     };
-    let res = codex_git_apply::apply_git_patch(&req)?;
+    let res = codex_git::apply_git_patch(&req)?;
     if res.exit_code != 0 {
         anyhow::bail!(
             "Git apply failed (applied={}, skipped={}, conflicts={})\nstdout:\n{}\nstderr:\n{}",

codex-rs/chatgpt/src/chatgpt_client.rs

@@ -13,7 +13,8 @@ pub(crate) async fn chatgpt_get_request<T: DeserializeOwned>(
     path: String,
 ) -> anyhow::Result<T> {
     let chatgpt_base_url = &config.chatgpt_base_url;
-    init_chatgpt_token_from_auth(&config.codex_home).await?;
+    init_chatgpt_token_from_auth(&config.codex_home, config.cli_auth_credentials_store_mode)
+        .await?;
 
     // Make direct HTTP request to ChatGPT backend API with the token
     let client = create_client();

codex-rs/chatgpt/src/chatgpt_token.rs

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ use std::path::Path;
 use std::sync::LazyLock;
 use std::sync::RwLock;
 
+use codex_core::auth::AuthCredentialsStoreMode;
 use codex_core::token_data::TokenData;
 
 static CHATGPT_TOKEN: LazyLock<RwLock<Option<TokenData>>> = LazyLock::new(|| RwLock::new(None));
@@ -18,8 +19,11 @@ pub fn set_chatgpt_token_data(value: TokenData) {
 }
 
 /// Initialize the ChatGPT token from auth.json file
-pub async fn init_chatgpt_token_from_auth(codex_home: &Path) -> std::io::Result<()> {
-    let auth = CodexAuth::from_codex_home(codex_home)?;
+pub async fn init_chatgpt_token_from_auth(
+    codex_home: &Path,
+    auth_credentials_store_mode: AuthCredentialsStoreMode,
+) -> std::io::Result<()> {
+    let auth = CodexAuth::from_auth_storage(codex_home, auth_credentials_store_mode)?;
     if let Some(auth) = auth {
         let token_data = auth.get_token_data().await?;
         set_chatgpt_token_data(token_data);

codex-rs/cli/Cargo.toml

@@ -30,15 +30,17 @@ codex-login = { workspace = true }
 codex-mcp-server = { workspace = true }
 codex-process-hardening = { workspace = true }
 codex-protocol = { workspace = true }
-codex-protocol-ts = { workspace = true }
 codex-responses-api-proxy = { workspace = true }
 codex-rmcp-client = { workspace = true }
 codex-stdio-to-uds = { workspace = true }
 codex-tui = { workspace = true }
 ctor = { workspace = true }
+libc = { workspace = true }
 owo-colors = { workspace = true }
+regex-lite = { workspace = true}
 serde_json = { workspace = true }
 supports-color = { workspace = true }
+toml = { workspace = true }
 tokio = { workspace = true, features = [
     "io-std",
     "macros",
@@ -46,6 +48,10 @@ tokio = { workspace = true, features = [
     "rt-multi-thread",
     "signal",
 ] }
+tracing = { workspace = true }
+
+[target.'cfg(target_os = "windows")'.dependencies]
+codex_windows_sandbox = { package = "codex-windows-sandbox", path = "../windows-sandbox-rs" }
 
 [dev-dependencies]
 assert_cmd = { workspace = true }

codex-rs/cli/src/debug_sandbox.rs

@@ -1,3 +1,8 @@
+#[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
+mod pid_tracker;
+#[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
+mod seatbelt;
+
 use std::path::PathBuf;
 
 use codex_common::CliConfigOverrides;
@@ -5,20 +10,27 @@ use codex_core::config::Config;
 use codex_core::config::ConfigOverrides;
 use codex_core::exec_env::create_env;
 use codex_core::landlock::spawn_command_under_linux_sandbox;
+#[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
 use codex_core::seatbelt::spawn_command_under_seatbelt;
 use codex_core::spawn::StdioPolicy;
 use codex_protocol::config_types::SandboxMode;
 
 use crate::LandlockCommand;
 use crate::SeatbeltCommand;
+use crate::WindowsCommand;
 use crate::exit_status::handle_exit_status;
 
+#[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
+use seatbelt::DenialLogger;
+
+#[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
 pub async fn run_command_under_seatbelt(
     command: SeatbeltCommand,
     codex_linux_sandbox_exe: Option<PathBuf>,
 ) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
     let SeatbeltCommand {
         full_auto,
+        log_denials,
         config_overrides,
         command,
     } = command;
@@ -28,10 +40,19 @@ pub async fn run_command_under_seatbelt(
         config_overrides,
         codex_linux_sandbox_exe,
         SandboxType::Seatbelt,
+        log_denials,
     )
     .await
 }
 
+#[cfg(not(target_os = "macos"))]
+pub async fn run_command_under_seatbelt(
+    _command: SeatbeltCommand,
+    _codex_linux_sandbox_exe: Option<PathBuf>,
+) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+    anyhow::bail!("Seatbelt sandbox is only available on macOS");
+}
+
 pub async fn run_command_under_landlock(
     command: LandlockCommand,
     codex_linux_sandbox_exe: Option<PathBuf>,
@@ -47,13 +68,36 @@ pub async fn run_command_under_landlock(
         config_overrides,
         codex_linux_sandbox_exe,
         SandboxType::Landlock,
+        false,
+    )
+    .await
+}
+
+pub async fn run_command_under_windows(
+    command: WindowsCommand,
+    codex_linux_sandbox_exe: Option<PathBuf>,
+) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+    let WindowsCommand {
+        full_auto,
+        config_overrides,
+        command,
+    } = command;
+    run_command_under_sandbox(
+        full_auto,
+        command,
+        config_overrides,
+        codex_linux_sandbox_exe,
+        SandboxType::Windows,
+        false,
     )
     .await
 }
 
 enum SandboxType {
+    #[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
     Seatbelt,
     Landlock,
+    Windows,
 }
 
 async fn run_command_under_sandbox(
@@ -62,6 +106,7 @@ async fn run_command_under_sandbox(
     config_overrides: CliConfigOverrides,
     codex_linux_sandbox_exe: Option<PathBuf>,
     sandbox_type: SandboxType,
+    log_denials: bool,
 ) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
     let sandbox_mode = create_sandbox_mode(full_auto);
     let config = Config::load_with_cli_overrides(
@@ -87,7 +132,74 @@ async fn run_command_under_sandbox(
     let stdio_policy = StdioPolicy::Inherit;
     let env = create_env(&config.shell_environment_policy);
 
+    // Special-case Windows sandbox: execute and exit the process to emulate inherited stdio.
+    if let SandboxType::Windows = sandbox_type {
+        #[cfg(target_os = "windows")]
+        {
+            use codex_windows_sandbox::run_windows_sandbox_capture;
+
+            let policy_str = match &config.sandbox_policy {
+                codex_core::protocol::SandboxPolicy::DangerFullAccess => "workspace-write",
+                codex_core::protocol::SandboxPolicy::ReadOnly => "read-only",
+                codex_core::protocol::SandboxPolicy::WorkspaceWrite { .. } => "workspace-write",
+            };
+
+            let sandbox_cwd = sandbox_policy_cwd.clone();
+            let cwd_clone = cwd.clone();
+            let env_map = env.clone();
+            let command_vec = command.clone();
+            let base_dir = config.codex_home.clone();
+
+            // Preflight audit is invoked elsewhere at the appropriate times.
+            let res = tokio::task::spawn_blocking(move || {
+                run_windows_sandbox_capture(
+                    policy_str,
+                    &sandbox_cwd,
+                    command_vec,
+                    &cwd_clone,
+                    env_map,
+                    None,
+                    Some(base_dir.as_path()),
+                )
+            })
+            .await;
+
+            let capture = match res {
+                Ok(Ok(v)) => v,
+                Ok(Err(err)) => {
+                    eprintln!("windows sandbox failed: {err}");
+                    std::process::exit(1);
+                }
+                Err(join_err) => {
+                    eprintln!("windows sandbox join error: {join_err}");
+                    std::process::exit(1);
+                }
+            };
+
+            if !capture.stdout.is_empty() {
+                use std::io::Write;
+                let _ = std::io::stdout().write_all(&capture.stdout);
+            }
+            if !capture.stderr.is_empty() {
+                use std::io::Write;
+                let _ = std::io::stderr().write_all(&capture.stderr);
+            }
+
+            std::process::exit(capture.exit_code);
+        }
+        #[cfg(not(target_os = "windows"))]
+        {
+            anyhow::bail!("Windows sandbox is only available on Windows");
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
+    let mut denial_logger = log_denials.then(DenialLogger::new).flatten();
+    #[cfg(not(target_os = "macos"))]
+    let _ = log_denials;
+
     let mut child = match sandbox_type {
+        #[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
         SandboxType::Seatbelt => {
             spawn_command_under_seatbelt(
                 command,
@@ -115,9 +227,31 @@ async fn run_command_under_sandbox(
             )
             .await?
         }
+        SandboxType::Windows => {
+            unreachable!("Windows sandbox should have been handled above");
+        }
     };
+
+    #[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
+    if let Some(denial_logger) = &mut denial_logger {
+        denial_logger.on_child_spawn(&child);
+    }
+
     let status = child.wait().await?;
 
+    #[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
+    if let Some(denial_logger) = denial_logger {
+        let denials = denial_logger.finish().await;
+        eprintln!("\n=== Sandbox denials ===");
+        if denials.is_empty() {
+            eprintln!("None found.");
+        } else {
+            for seatbelt::SandboxDenial { name, capability } in denials {
+                eprintln!("({name}) {capability}");
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
     handle_exit_status(status);
 }
 

codex-rs/cli/src/debug_sandbox/pid_tracker.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,372 @@
+use std::collections::HashSet;
+use tokio::task::JoinHandle;
+use tracing::warn;
+
+/// Tracks the (recursive) descendants of a process by using `kqueue` to watch for fork events, and
+/// `proc_listchildpids` to list the children of a process.
+pub(crate) struct PidTracker {
+    kq: libc::c_int,
+    handle: JoinHandle<HashSet<i32>>,
+}
+
+impl PidTracker {
+    pub(crate) fn new(root_pid: i32) -> Option<Self> {
+        if root_pid <= 0 {
+            return None;
+        }
+
+        let kq = unsafe { libc::kqueue() };
+        let handle = tokio::task::spawn_blocking(move || track_descendants(kq, root_pid));
+
+        Some(Self { kq, handle })
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) async fn stop(self) -> HashSet<i32> {
+        trigger_stop_event(self.kq);
+        self.handle.await.unwrap_or_default()
+    }
+}
+
+unsafe extern "C" {
+    fn proc_listchildpids(
+        ppid: libc::c_int,
+        buffer: *mut libc::c_void,
+        buffersize: libc::c_int,
+    ) -> libc::c_int;
+}
+
+/// Wrap proc_listchildpids.
+fn list_child_pids(parent: i32) -> Vec<i32> {
+    unsafe {
+        let mut capacity: usize = 16;
+        loop {
+            let mut buf: Vec<i32> = vec![0; capacity];
+            let count = proc_listchildpids(
+                parent as libc::c_int,
+                buf.as_mut_ptr() as *mut libc::c_void,
+                (buf.len() * std::mem::size_of::<i32>()) as libc::c_int,
+            );
+            if count <= 0 {
+                return Vec::new();
+            }
+            let returned = count as usize;
+            if returned < capacity {
+                buf.truncate(returned);
+                return buf;
+            }
+            capacity = capacity.saturating_mul(2).max(returned + 16);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+fn pid_is_alive(pid: i32) -> bool {
+    if pid <= 0 {
+        return false;
+    }
+    let res = unsafe { libc::kill(pid as libc::pid_t, 0) };
+    if res == 0 {
+        true
+    } else {
+        matches!(
+            std::io::Error::last_os_error().raw_os_error(),
+            Some(libc::EPERM)
+        )
+    }
+}
+
+enum WatchPidError {
+    ProcessGone,
+    Other(std::io::Error),
+}
+
+/// Add `pid` to the watch list in `kq`.
+fn watch_pid(kq: libc::c_int, pid: i32) -> Result<(), WatchPidError> {
+    if pid <= 0 {
+        return Err(WatchPidError::ProcessGone);
+    }
+
+    let kev = libc::kevent {
+        ident: pid as libc::uintptr_t,
+        filter: libc::EVFILT_PROC,
+        flags: libc::EV_ADD | libc::EV_CLEAR,
+        fflags: libc::NOTE_FORK | libc::NOTE_EXEC | libc::NOTE_EXIT,
+        data: 0,
+        udata: std::ptr::null_mut(),
+    };
+
+    let res = unsafe { libc::kevent(kq, &kev, 1, std::ptr::null_mut(), 0, std::ptr::null()) };
+    if res < 0 {
+        let err = std::io::Error::last_os_error();
+        if err.raw_os_error() == Some(libc::ESRCH) {
+            Err(WatchPidError::ProcessGone)
+        } else {
+            Err(WatchPidError::Other(err))
+        }
+    } else {
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
+fn watch_children(
+    kq: libc::c_int,
+    parent: i32,
+    seen: &mut HashSet<i32>,
+    active: &mut HashSet<i32>,
+) {
+    for child_pid in list_child_pids(parent) {
+        add_pid_watch(kq, child_pid, seen, active);
+    }
+}
+
+/// Watch `pid` and its children, updating `seen` and `active` sets.
+fn add_pid_watch(kq: libc::c_int, pid: i32, seen: &mut HashSet<i32>, active: &mut HashSet<i32>) {
+    if pid <= 0 {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    let newly_seen = seen.insert(pid);
+    let mut should_recurse = newly_seen;
+
+    if active.insert(pid) {
+        match watch_pid(kq, pid) {
+            Ok(()) => {
+                should_recurse = true;
+            }
+            Err(WatchPidError::ProcessGone) => {
+                active.remove(&pid);
+                return;
+            }
+            Err(WatchPidError::Other(err)) => {
+                warn!("failed to watch pid {pid}: {err}");
+                active.remove(&pid);
+                return;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    if should_recurse {
+        watch_children(kq, pid, seen, active);
+    }
+}
+const STOP_IDENT: libc::uintptr_t = 1;
+
+fn register_stop_event(kq: libc::c_int) -> bool {
+    let kev = libc::kevent {
+        ident: STOP_IDENT,
+        filter: libc::EVFILT_USER,
+        flags: libc::EV_ADD | libc::EV_CLEAR,
+        fflags: 0,
+        data: 0,
+        udata: std::ptr::null_mut(),
+    };
+
+    let res = unsafe { libc::kevent(kq, &kev, 1, std::ptr::null_mut(), 0, std::ptr::null()) };
+    res >= 0
+}
+
+fn trigger_stop_event(kq: libc::c_int) {
+    if kq < 0 {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    let kev = libc::kevent {
+        ident: STOP_IDENT,
+        filter: libc::EVFILT_USER,
+        flags: 0,
+        fflags: libc::NOTE_TRIGGER,
+        data: 0,
+        udata: std::ptr::null_mut(),
+    };
+
+    let _ = unsafe { libc::kevent(kq, &kev, 1, std::ptr::null_mut(), 0, std::ptr::null()) };
+}
+
+/// Put all of the above together to track all the descendants of `root_pid`.
+fn track_descendants(kq: libc::c_int, root_pid: i32) -> HashSet<i32> {
+    if kq < 0 {
+        let mut seen = HashSet::new();
+        seen.insert(root_pid);
+        return seen;
+    }
+
+    if !register_stop_event(kq) {
+        let mut seen = HashSet::new();
+        seen.insert(root_pid);
+        let _ = unsafe { libc::close(kq) };
+        return seen;
+    }
+
+    let mut seen: HashSet<i32> = HashSet::new();
+    let mut active: HashSet<i32> = HashSet::new();
+
+    add_pid_watch(kq, root_pid, &mut seen, &mut active);
+
+    const EVENTS_CAP: usize = 32;
+    let mut events: [libc::kevent; EVENTS_CAP] =
+        unsafe { std::mem::MaybeUninit::zeroed().assume_init() };
+
+    let mut stop_requested = false;
+    loop {
+        if active.is_empty() {
+            if !pid_is_alive(root_pid) {
+                break;
+            }
+            add_pid_watch(kq, root_pid, &mut seen, &mut active);
+            if active.is_empty() {
+                continue;
+            }
+        }
+
+        let nev = unsafe {
+            libc::kevent(
+                kq,
+                std::ptr::null::<libc::kevent>(),
+                0,
+                events.as_mut_ptr(),
+                EVENTS_CAP as libc::c_int,
+                std::ptr::null(),
+            )
+        };
+
+        if nev < 0 {
+            let err = std::io::Error::last_os_error();
+            if err.kind() == std::io::ErrorKind::Interrupted {
+                continue;
+            }
+            break;
+        }
+
+        if nev == 0 {
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        for ev in events.iter().take(nev as usize) {
+            let pid = ev.ident as i32;
+
+            if ev.filter == libc::EVFILT_USER && ev.ident == STOP_IDENT {
+                stop_requested = true;
+                break;
+            }
+
+            if (ev.flags & libc::EV_ERROR) != 0 {
+                if ev.data == libc::ESRCH as isize {
+                    active.remove(&pid);
+                }
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            if (ev.fflags & libc::NOTE_FORK) != 0 {
+                watch_children(kq, pid, &mut seen, &mut active);
+            }
+
+            if (ev.fflags & libc::NOTE_EXIT) != 0 {
+                active.remove(&pid);
+            }
+        }
+
+        if stop_requested {
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+
+    let _ = unsafe { libc::close(kq) };
+
+    seen
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+    use std::process::Command;
+    use std::process::Stdio;
+    use std::time::Duration;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn pid_is_alive_detects_current_process() {
+        let pid = std::process::id() as i32;
+        assert!(pid_is_alive(pid));
+    }
+
+    #[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
+    #[test]
+    fn list_child_pids_includes_spawned_child() {
+        let mut child = Command::new("/bin/sleep")
+            .arg("5")
+            .stdin(Stdio::null())
+            .spawn()
+            .expect("failed to spawn child process");
+
+        let child_pid = child.id() as i32;
+        let parent_pid = std::process::id() as i32;
+
+        let mut found = false;
+        for _ in 0..100 {
+            if list_child_pids(parent_pid).contains(&child_pid) {
+                found = true;
+                break;
+            }
+            std::thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(10));
+        }
+
+        let _ = child.kill();
+        let _ = child.wait();
+
+        assert!(found, "expected to find child pid {child_pid} in list");
+    }
+
+    #[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn pid_tracker_collects_spawned_children() {
+        let tracker = PidTracker::new(std::process::id() as i32).expect("failed to create tracker");
+
+        let mut child = Command::new("/bin/sleep")
+            .arg("0.1")
+            .stdin(Stdio::null())
+            .spawn()
+            .expect("failed to spawn child process");
+
+        let child_pid = child.id() as i32;
+        let parent_pid = std::process::id() as i32;
+
+        let _ = child.wait();
+
+        let seen = tracker.stop().await;
+
+        assert!(
+            seen.contains(&parent_pid),
+            "expected tracker to include parent pid {parent_pid}"
+        );
+        assert!(
+            seen.contains(&child_pid),
+            "expected tracker to include child pid {child_pid}"
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn pid_tracker_collects_bash_subshell_descendants() {
+        let tracker = PidTracker::new(std::process::id() as i32).expect("failed to create tracker");
+
+        let child = Command::new("/bin/bash")
+            .arg("-c")
+            .arg("(sleep 0.1 & echo $!; wait)")
+            .stdin(Stdio::null())
+            .stdout(Stdio::piped())
+            .stderr(Stdio::null())
+            .spawn()
+            .expect("failed to spawn bash");
+
+        let output = child.wait_with_output().unwrap().stdout;
+        let subshell_pid = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output)
+            .trim()
+            .parse::<i32>()
+            .expect("failed to parse subshell pid");
+
+        let seen = tracker.stop().await;
+
+        assert!(
+            seen.contains(&subshell_pid),
+            "expected tracker to include subshell pid {subshell_pid}"
+        );
+    }
+}

codex-rs/cli/src/debug_sandbox/seatbelt.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
+use std::collections::HashSet;
+use tokio::io::AsyncBufReadExt;
+use tokio::process::Child;
+use tokio::task::JoinHandle;
+
+use super::pid_tracker::PidTracker;
+
+pub struct SandboxDenial {
+    pub name: String,
+    pub capability: String,
+}
+
+pub struct DenialLogger {
+    log_stream: Child,
+    pid_tracker: Option<PidTracker>,
+    log_reader: Option<JoinHandle<Vec<u8>>>,
+}
+
+impl DenialLogger {
+    pub(crate) fn new() -> Option<Self> {
+        let mut log_stream = start_log_stream()?;
+        let stdout = log_stream.stdout.take()?;
+        let log_reader = tokio::spawn(async move {
+            let mut reader = tokio::io::BufReader::new(stdout);
+            let mut logs = Vec::new();
+            let mut chunk = Vec::new();
+            loop {
+                match reader.read_until(b'\n', &mut chunk).await {
+                    Ok(0) | Err(_) => break,
+                    Ok(_) => {
+                        logs.extend_from_slice(&chunk);
+                        chunk.clear();
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            logs
+        });
+
+        Some(Self {
+            log_stream,
+            pid_tracker: None,
+            log_reader: Some(log_reader),
+        })
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn on_child_spawn(&mut self, child: &Child) {
+        if let Some(root_pid) = child.id() {
+            self.pid_tracker = PidTracker::new(root_pid as i32);
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) async fn finish(mut self) -> Vec<SandboxDenial> {
+        let pid_set = match self.pid_tracker {
+            Some(tracker) => tracker.stop().await,
+            None => Default::default(),
+        };
+
+        if pid_set.is_empty() {
+            return Vec::new();
+        }
+
+        let _ = self.log_stream.kill().await;
+        let _ = self.log_stream.wait().await;
+
+        let logs_bytes = match self.log_reader.take() {
+            Some(handle) => handle.await.unwrap_or_default(),
+            None => Vec::new(),
+        };
+        let logs = String::from_utf8_lossy(&logs_bytes);
+
+        let mut seen: HashSet<(String, String)> = HashSet::new();
+        let mut denials: Vec<SandboxDenial> = Vec::new();
+        for line in logs.lines() {
+            if let Ok(json) = serde_json::from_str::<serde_json::Value>(line)
+                && let Some(msg) = json.get("eventMessage").and_then(|v| v.as_str())
+                && let Some((pid, name, capability)) = parse_message(msg)
+                && pid_set.contains(&pid)
+                && seen.insert((name.clone(), capability.clone()))
+            {
+                denials.push(SandboxDenial { name, capability });
+            }
+        }
+        denials
+    }
+}
+
+fn start_log_stream() -> Option<Child> {
+    use std::process::Stdio;
+
+    const PREDICATE: &str = r#"(((processID == 0) AND (senderImagePath CONTAINS "/Sandbox")) OR (subsystem == "com.apple.sandbox.reporting"))"#;
+
+    tokio::process::Command::new("log")
+        .args(["stream", "--style", "ndjson", "--predicate", PREDICATE])
+        .stdin(Stdio::null())
+        .stdout(Stdio::piped())
+        .stderr(Stdio::null())
+        .kill_on_drop(true)
+        .spawn()
+        .ok()
+}
+
+fn parse_message(msg: &str) -> Option<(i32, String, String)> {
+    // Example message:
+    // Sandbox: processname(1234) deny(1) capability-name args...
+    static RE: std::sync::OnceLock<regex_lite::Regex> = std::sync::OnceLock::new();
+    let re = RE.get_or_init(|| {
+        #[expect(clippy::unwrap_used)]
+        regex_lite::Regex::new(r"^Sandbox:\s*(.+?)\((\d+)\)\s+deny\(.*?\)\s*(.+)$").unwrap()
+    });
+
+    let (_, [name, pid_str, capability]) = re.captures(msg)?.extract();
+    let pid = pid_str.trim().parse::<i32>().ok()?;
+    Some((pid, name.to_string(), capability.to_string()))
+}

codex-rs/cli/src/lib.rs

@@ -11,6 +11,10 @@ pub struct SeatbeltCommand {
     #[arg(long = "full-auto", default_value_t = false)]
     pub full_auto: bool,
 
+    /// While the command runs, capture macOS sandbox denials via `log stream` and print them after exit
+    #[arg(long = "log-denials", default_value_t = false)]
+    pub log_denials: bool,
+
     #[clap(skip)]
     pub config_overrides: CliConfigOverrides,
 
@@ -32,3 +36,17 @@ pub struct LandlockCommand {
     #[arg(trailing_var_arg = true)]
     pub command: Vec<String>,
 }
+
+#[derive(Debug, Parser)]
+pub struct WindowsCommand {
+    /// Convenience alias for low-friction sandboxed automatic execution (network-disabled sandbox that can write to cwd and TMPDIR)
+    #[arg(long = "full-auto", default_value_t = false)]
+    pub full_auto: bool,
+
+    #[clap(skip)]
+    pub config_overrides: CliConfigOverrides,
+
+    /// Full command args to run under Windows restricted token sandbox.
+    #[arg(trailing_var_arg = true)]
+    pub command: Vec<String>,
+}

codex-rs/cli/src/login.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 use codex_app_server_protocol::AuthMode;
 use codex_common::CliConfigOverrides;
 use codex_core::CodexAuth;
+use codex_core::auth::AuthCredentialsStoreMode;
 use codex_core::auth::CLIENT_ID;
 use codex_core::auth::login_with_api_key;
 use codex_core::auth::logout;
@@ -17,11 +18,13 @@ use std::path::PathBuf;
 pub async fn login_with_chatgpt(
     codex_home: PathBuf,
     forced_chatgpt_workspace_id: Option<String>,
+    cli_auth_credentials_store_mode: AuthCredentialsStoreMode,
 ) -> std::io::Result<()> {
     let opts = ServerOptions::new(
         codex_home,
         CLIENT_ID.to_string(),
         forced_chatgpt_workspace_id,
+        cli_auth_credentials_store_mode,
     );
     let server = run_login_server(opts)?;
 
@@ -43,7 +46,13 @@ pub async fn run_login_with_chatgpt(cli_config_overrides: CliConfigOverrides) ->
 
     let forced_chatgpt_workspace_id = config.forced_chatgpt_workspace_id.clone();
 
-    match login_with_chatgpt(config.codex_home, forced_chatgpt_workspace_id).await {
+    match login_with_chatgpt(
+        config.codex_home,
+        forced_chatgpt_workspace_id,
+        config.cli_auth_credentials_store_mode,
+    )
+    .await
+    {
         Ok(_) => {
             eprintln!("Successfully logged in");
             std::process::exit(0);
@@ -66,7 +75,11 @@ pub async fn run_login_with_api_key(
         std::process::exit(1);
     }
 
-    match login_with_api_key(&config.codex_home, &api_key) {
+    match login_with_api_key(
+        &config.codex_home,
+        &api_key,
+        config.cli_auth_credentials_store_mode,
+    ) {
         Ok(_) => {
             eprintln!("Successfully logged in");
             std::process::exit(0);
@@ -121,6 +134,7 @@ pub async fn run_login_with_device_code(
         config.codex_home,
         client_id.unwrap_or(CLIENT_ID.to_string()),
         forced_chatgpt_workspace_id,
+        config.cli_auth_credentials_store_mode,
     );
     if let Some(iss) = issuer_base_url {
         opts.issuer = iss;
@@ -140,7 +154,7 @@ pub async fn run_login_with_device_code(
 pub async fn run_login_status(cli_config_overrides: CliConfigOverrides) -> ! {
     let config = load_config_or_exit(cli_config_overrides).await;
 
-    match CodexAuth::from_codex_home(&config.codex_home) {
+    match CodexAuth::from_auth_storage(&config.codex_home, config.cli_auth_credentials_store_mode) {
         Ok(Some(auth)) => match auth.mode {
             AuthMode::ApiKey => match auth.get_token().await {
                 Ok(api_key) => {
@@ -171,7 +185,7 @@ pub async fn run_login_status(cli_config_overrides: CliConfigOverrides) -> ! {
 pub async fn run_logout(cli_config_overrides: CliConfigOverrides) -> ! {
     let config = load_config_or_exit(cli_config_overrides).await;
 
-    match logout(&config.codex_home) {
+    match logout(&config.codex_home, config.cli_auth_credentials_store_mode) {
         Ok(true) => {
             eprintln!("Successfully logged out");
             std::process::exit(0);

codex-rs/cli/src/main.rs

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+use clap::Args;
 use clap::CommandFactory;
 use clap::Parser;
 use clap_complete::Shell;
@@ -7,6 +8,7 @@ use codex_chatgpt::apply_command::ApplyCommand;
 use codex_chatgpt::apply_command::run_apply_command;
 use codex_cli::LandlockCommand;
 use codex_cli::SeatbeltCommand;
+use codex_cli::WindowsCommand;
 use codex_cli::login::read_api_key_from_stdin;
 use codex_cli::login::run_login_status;
 use codex_cli::login::run_login_with_api_key;
@@ -19,16 +21,20 @@ use codex_exec::Cli as ExecCli;
 use codex_responses_api_proxy::Args as ResponsesApiProxyArgs;
 use codex_tui::AppExitInfo;
 use codex_tui::Cli as TuiCli;
-use codex_tui::updates::UpdateAction;
+use codex_tui::update_action::UpdateAction;
 use owo_colors::OwoColorize;
 use std::path::PathBuf;
 use supports_color::Stream;
 
 mod mcp_cmd;
+#[cfg(not(windows))]
+mod wsl_paths;
 
 use crate::mcp_cmd::McpCli;
+
 use codex_core::config::Config;
 use codex_core::config::ConfigOverrides;
+use codex_core::features::is_known_feature_key;
 
 /// Codex CLI
 ///
@@ -77,8 +83,8 @@ enum Subcommand {
     /// [experimental] Run the Codex MCP server (stdio transport).
     McpServer,
 
-    /// [experimental] Run the app server.
-    AppServer,
+    /// [experimental] Run the app server or related tooling.
+    AppServer(AppServerCommand),
 
     /// Generate shell completion scripts.
     Completion(CompletionCommand),
@@ -94,9 +100,6 @@ enum Subcommand {
     /// Resume a previous interactive session (picker by default; use --last to continue the most recent).
     Resume(ResumeCommand),
 
-    /// Internal: generate TypeScript protocol bindings.
-    #[clap(hide = true)]
-    GenerateTs(GenerateTsCommand),
     /// [EXPERIMENTAL] Browse tasks from Codex Cloud and apply changes locally.
     #[clap(name = "cloud", alias = "cloud-tasks")]
     Cloud(CloudTasksCli),
@@ -150,6 +153,9 @@ enum SandboxCommand {
     /// Run a command under Landlock+seccomp (Linux only).
     #[clap(visible_alias = "landlock")]
     Linux(LandlockCommand),
+
+    /// Run a command under Windows restricted token (Windows only).
+    Windows(WindowsCommand),
 }
 
 #[derive(Debug, Parser)]
@@ -200,6 +206,22 @@ struct LogoutCommand {
 }
 
 #[derive(Debug, Parser)]
+struct AppServerCommand {
+    /// Omit to run the app server; specify a subcommand for tooling.
+    #[command(subcommand)]
+    subcommand: Option<AppServerSubcommand>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, clap::Subcommand)]
+enum AppServerSubcommand {
+    /// [experimental] Generate TypeScript bindings for the app server protocol.
+    GenerateTs(GenerateTsCommand),
+
+    /// [experimental] Generate JSON Schema for the app server protocol.
+    GenerateJsonSchema(GenerateJsonSchemaCommand),
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Args)]
 struct GenerateTsCommand {
     /// Output directory where .ts files will be written
     #[arg(short = 'o', long = "out", value_name = "DIR")]
@@ -210,6 +232,13 @@ struct GenerateTsCommand {
     prettier: Option<PathBuf>,
 }
 
+#[derive(Debug, Args)]
+struct GenerateJsonSchemaCommand {
+    /// Output directory where the schema bundle will be written
+    #[arg(short = 'o', long = "out", value_name = "DIR")]
+    out_dir: PathBuf,
+}
+
 #[derive(Debug, Parser)]
 struct StdioToUdsCommand {
     /// Path to the Unix domain socket to connect to.
@@ -262,10 +291,30 @@ fn handle_app_exit(exit_info: AppExitInfo) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
 /// Run the update action and print the result.
 fn run_update_action(action: UpdateAction) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
     println!();
-    let (cmd, args) = action.command_args();
     let cmd_str = action.command_str();
     println!("Updating Codex via `{cmd_str}`...");
-    let status = std::process::Command::new(cmd).args(args).status()?;
+
+    let status = {
+        #[cfg(windows)]
+        {
+            // On Windows, run via cmd.exe so .CMD/.BAT are correctly resolved (PATHEXT semantics).
+            std::process::Command::new("cmd")
+                .args(["/C", &cmd_str])
+                .status()?
+        }
+        #[cfg(not(windows))]
+        {
+            let (cmd, args) = action.command_args();
+            let command_path = crate::wsl_paths::normalize_for_wsl(cmd);
+            let normalized_args: Vec<String> = args
+                .iter()
+                .map(crate::wsl_paths::normalize_for_wsl)
+                .collect();
+            std::process::Command::new(&command_path)
+                .args(&normalized_args)
+                .status()?
+        }
+    };
     if !status.success() {
         anyhow::bail!("`{cmd_str}` failed with status {status}");
     }
@@ -286,15 +335,25 @@ struct FeatureToggles {
 }
 
 impl FeatureToggles {
-    fn to_overrides(&self) -> Vec<String> {
+    fn to_overrides(&self) -> anyhow::Result<Vec<String>> {
         let mut v = Vec::new();
-        for k in &self.enable {
-            v.push(format!("features.{k}=true"));
+        for feature in &self.enable {
+            Self::validate_feature(feature)?;
+            v.push(format!("features.{feature}=true"));
         }
-        for k in &self.disable {
-            v.push(format!("features.{k}=false"));
+        for feature in &self.disable {
+            Self::validate_feature(feature)?;
+            v.push(format!("features.{feature}=false"));
+        }
+        Ok(v)
+    }
+
+    fn validate_feature(feature: &str) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+        if is_known_feature_key(feature) {
+            Ok(())
+        } else {
+            anyhow::bail!("Unknown feature flag: {feature}")
         }
-        v
     }
 }
 
@@ -345,9 +404,8 @@ async fn cli_main(codex_linux_sandbox_exe: Option<PathBuf>) -> anyhow::Result<()
     } = MultitoolCli::parse();
 
     // Fold --enable/--disable into config overrides so they flow to all subcommands.
-    root_config_overrides
-        .raw_overrides
-        .extend(feature_toggles.to_overrides());
+    let toggle_overrides = feature_toggles.to_overrides()?;
+    root_config_overrides.raw_overrides.extend(toggle_overrides);
 
     match subcommand {
         None => {
@@ -373,9 +431,20 @@ async fn cli_main(codex_linux_sandbox_exe: Option<PathBuf>) -> anyhow::Result<()
             prepend_config_flags(&mut mcp_cli.config_overrides, root_config_overrides.clone());
             mcp_cli.run().await?;
         }
-        Some(Subcommand::AppServer) => {
-            codex_app_server::run_main(codex_linux_sandbox_exe, root_config_overrides).await?;
-        }
+        Some(Subcommand::AppServer(app_server_cli)) => match app_server_cli.subcommand {
+            None => {
+                codex_app_server::run_main(codex_linux_sandbox_exe, root_config_overrides).await?;
+            }
+            Some(AppServerSubcommand::GenerateTs(gen_cli)) => {
+                codex_app_server_protocol::generate_ts(
+                    &gen_cli.out_dir,
+                    gen_cli.prettier.as_deref(),
+                )?;
+            }
+            Some(AppServerSubcommand::GenerateJsonSchema(gen_cli)) => {
+                codex_app_server_protocol::generate_json(&gen_cli.out_dir)?;
+            }
+        },
         Some(Subcommand::Resume(ResumeCommand {
             session_id,
             last,
@@ -462,6 +531,17 @@ async fn cli_main(codex_linux_sandbox_exe: Option<PathBuf>) -> anyhow::Result<()
                 )
                 .await?;
             }
+            SandboxCommand::Windows(mut windows_cli) => {
+                prepend_config_flags(
+                    &mut windows_cli.config_overrides,
+                    root_config_overrides.clone(),
+                );
+                codex_cli::debug_sandbox::run_command_under_windows(
+                    windows_cli,
+                    codex_linux_sandbox_exe,
+                )
+                .await?;
+            }
         },
         Some(Subcommand::Apply(mut apply_cli)) => {
             prepend_config_flags(
@@ -479,21 +559,24 @@ async fn cli_main(codex_linux_sandbox_exe: Option<PathBuf>) -> anyhow::Result<()
             tokio::task::spawn_blocking(move || codex_stdio_to_uds::run(socket_path.as_path()))
                 .await??;
         }
-        Some(Subcommand::GenerateTs(gen_cli)) => {
-            codex_protocol_ts::generate_ts(&gen_cli.out_dir, gen_cli.prettier.as_deref())?;
-        }
         Some(Subcommand::Features(FeaturesCli { sub })) => match sub {
             FeaturesSubcommand::List => {
                 // Respect root-level `-c` overrides plus top-level flags like `--profile`.
-                let cli_kv_overrides = root_config_overrides
+                let mut cli_kv_overrides = root_config_overrides
                     .parse_overrides()
-                    .map_err(|e| anyhow::anyhow!(e))?;
+                    .map_err(anyhow::Error::msg)?;
+
+                // Honor `--search` via the new feature toggle.
+                if interactive.web_search {
+                    cli_kv_overrides.push((
+                        "features.web_search_request".to_string(),
+                        toml::Value::Boolean(true),
+                    ));
+                }
 
                 // Thread through relevant top-level flags (at minimum, `--profile`).
-                // Also honor `--search` since it maps to a feature toggle.
                 let overrides = ConfigOverrides {
                     config_profile: interactive.config_profile.clone(),
-                    tools_web_search_request: interactive.web_search.then_some(true),
                     ..Default::default()
                 };
 
@@ -605,6 +688,7 @@ mod tests {
     use assert_matches::assert_matches;
     use codex_core::protocol::TokenUsage;
     use codex_protocol::ConversationId;
+    use pretty_assertions::assert_eq;
 
     fn finalize_from_args(args: &[&str]) -> TuiCli {
         let cli = MultitoolCli::try_parse_from(args).expect("parse");
@@ -781,4 +865,32 @@ mod tests {
         assert!(!interactive.resume_last);
         assert_eq!(interactive.resume_session_id, None);
     }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn feature_toggles_known_features_generate_overrides() {
+        let toggles = FeatureToggles {
+            enable: vec!["web_search_request".to_string()],
+            disable: vec!["unified_exec".to_string()],
+        };
+        let overrides = toggles.to_overrides().expect("valid features");
+        assert_eq!(
+            overrides,
+            vec![
+                "features.web_search_request=true".to_string(),
+                "features.unified_exec=false".to_string(),
+            ]
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn feature_toggles_unknown_feature_errors() {
+        let toggles = FeatureToggles {
+            enable: vec!["does_not_exist".to_string()],
+            disable: Vec::new(),
+        };
+        let err = toggles
+            .to_overrides()
+            .expect_err("feature should be rejected");
+        assert_eq!(err.to_string(), "Unknown feature flag: does_not_exist");
+    }
 }

codex-rs/cli/src/mcp_cmd.rs

@@ -9,11 +9,11 @@ use codex_common::CliConfigOverrides;
 use codex_common::format_env_display::format_env_display;
 use codex_core::config::Config;
 use codex_core::config::ConfigOverrides;
+use codex_core::config::edit::ConfigEditsBuilder;
 use codex_core::config::find_codex_home;
 use codex_core::config::load_global_mcp_servers;
-use codex_core::config::write_global_mcp_servers;
-use codex_core::config_types::McpServerConfig;
-use codex_core::config_types::McpServerTransportConfig;
+use codex_core::config::types::McpServerConfig;
+use codex_core::config::types::McpServerTransportConfig;
 use codex_core::features::Feature;
 use codex_core::mcp::auth::compute_auth_statuses;
 use codex_core::protocol::McpAuthStatus;
@@ -196,7 +196,9 @@ impl McpCli {
 
 async fn run_add(config_overrides: &CliConfigOverrides, add_args: AddArgs) -> Result<()> {
     // Validate any provided overrides even though they are not currently applied.
-    let overrides = config_overrides.parse_overrides().map_err(|e| anyhow!(e))?;
+    let overrides = config_overrides
+        .parse_overrides()
+        .map_err(anyhow::Error::msg)?;
     let config = Config::load_with_cli_overrides(overrides, ConfigOverrides::default())
         .await
         .context("failed to load configuration")?;
@@ -263,7 +265,10 @@ async fn run_add(config_overrides: &CliConfigOverrides, add_args: AddArgs) -> Re
 
     servers.insert(name.clone(), new_entry);
 
-    write_global_mcp_servers(&codex_home, &servers)
+    ConfigEditsBuilder::new(&codex_home)
+        .replace_mcp_servers(&servers)
+        .apply()
+        .await
         .with_context(|| format!("failed to write MCP servers to {}", codex_home.display()))?;
 
     println!("Added global MCP server '{name}'.");
@@ -274,26 +279,42 @@ async fn run_add(config_overrides: &CliConfigOverrides, add_args: AddArgs) -> Re
         http_headers,
         env_http_headers,
     } = transport
-        && matches!(supports_oauth_login(&url).await, Ok(true))
     {
-        println!("Detected OAuth support. Starting OAuth flow…");
-        perform_oauth_login(
-            &name,
-            &url,
-            config.mcp_oauth_credentials_store_mode,
-            http_headers.clone(),
-            env_http_headers.clone(),
-            &Vec::new(),
-        )
-        .await?;
-        println!("Successfully logged in.");
+        match supports_oauth_login(&url).await {
+            Ok(true) => {
+                if !config.features.enabled(Feature::RmcpClient) {
+                    println!(
+                        "MCP server supports login. Add `experimental_use_rmcp_client = true` \
+                         to your config.toml and run `codex mcp login {name}` to login."
+                    );
+                } else {
+                    println!("Detected OAuth support. Starting OAuth flow…");
+                    perform_oauth_login(
+                        &name,
+                        &url,
+                        config.mcp_oauth_credentials_store_mode,
+                        http_headers.clone(),
+                        env_http_headers.clone(),
+                        &Vec::new(),
+                    )
+                    .await?;
+                    println!("Successfully logged in.");
+                }
+            }
+            Ok(false) => {}
+            Err(_) => println!(
+                "MCP server may or may not require login. Run `codex mcp login {name}` to login."
+            ),
+        }
     }
 
     Ok(())
 }
 
 async fn run_remove(config_overrides: &CliConfigOverrides, remove_args: RemoveArgs) -> Result<()> {
-    config_overrides.parse_overrides().map_err(|e| anyhow!(e))?;
+    config_overrides
+        .parse_overrides()
+        .map_err(anyhow::Error::msg)?;
 
     let RemoveArgs { name } = remove_args;
 
@@ -307,7 +328,10 @@ async fn run_remove(config_overrides: &CliConfigOverrides, remove_args: RemoveAr
     let removed = servers.remove(&name).is_some();
 
     if removed {
-        write_global_mcp_servers(&codex_home, &servers)
+        ConfigEditsBuilder::new(&codex_home)
+            .replace_mcp_servers(&servers)
+            .apply()
+            .await
             .with_context(|| format!("failed to write MCP servers to {}", codex_home.display()))?;
     }
 
@@ -321,14 +345,16 @@ async fn run_remove(config_overrides: &CliConfigOverrides, remove_args: RemoveAr
 }
 
 async fn run_login(config_overrides: &CliConfigOverrides, login_args: LoginArgs) -> Result<()> {
-    let overrides = config_overrides.parse_overrides().map_err(|e| anyhow!(e))?;
+    let overrides = config_overrides
+        .parse_overrides()
+        .map_err(anyhow::Error::msg)?;
     let config = Config::load_with_cli_overrides(overrides, ConfigOverrides::default())
         .await
         .context("failed to load configuration")?;
 
     if !config.features.enabled(Feature::RmcpClient) {
         bail!(
-            "OAuth login is only supported when experimental_use_rmcp_client is true in config.toml."
+            "OAuth login is only supported when [features].rmcp_client is true in config.toml. See https://github.com/openai/codex/blob/main/docs/config.md#feature-flags for details."
         );
     }
 
@@ -362,7 +388,9 @@ async fn run_login(config_overrides: &CliConfigOverrides, login_args: LoginArgs)
 }
 
 async fn run_logout(config_overrides: &CliConfigOverrides, logout_args: LogoutArgs) -> Result<()> {
-    let overrides = config_overrides.parse_overrides().map_err(|e| anyhow!(e))?;
+    let overrides = config_overrides
+        .parse_overrides()
+        .map_err(anyhow::Error::msg)?;
     let config = Config::load_with_cli_overrides(overrides, ConfigOverrides::default())
         .await
         .context("failed to load configuration")?;
@@ -389,7 +417,9 @@ async fn run_logout(config_overrides: &CliConfigOverrides, logout_args: LogoutAr
 }
 
 async fn run_list(config_overrides: &CliConfigOverrides, list_args: ListArgs) -> Result<()> {
-    let overrides = config_overrides.parse_overrides().map_err(|e| anyhow!(e))?;
+    let overrides = config_overrides
+        .parse_overrides()
+        .map_err(anyhow::Error::msg)?;
     let config = Config::load_with_cli_overrides(overrides, ConfigOverrides::default())
         .await
         .context("failed to load configuration")?;
@@ -523,10 +553,12 @@ async fn run_list(config_overrides: &CliConfigOverrides, list_args: ListArgs) ->
                     .map(|entry| entry.auth_status)
                     .unwrap_or(McpAuthStatus::Unsupported)
                     .to_string();
+                let bearer_token_display =
+                    bearer_token_env_var.as_deref().unwrap_or("-").to_string();
                 http_rows.push([
                     name.clone(),
                     url.clone(),
-                    bearer_token_env_var.clone().unwrap_or("-".to_string()),
+                    bearer_token_display,
                     status,
                     auth_status,
                 ]);
@@ -642,7 +674,9 @@ async fn run_list(config_overrides: &CliConfigOverrides, list_args: ListArgs) ->
 }
 
 async fn run_get(config_overrides: &CliConfigOverrides, get_args: GetArgs) -> Result<()> {
-    let overrides = config_overrides.parse_overrides().map_err(|e| anyhow!(e))?;
+    let overrides = config_overrides
+        .parse_overrides()
+        .map_err(anyhow::Error::msg)?;
     let config = Config::load_with_cli_overrides(overrides, ConfigOverrides::default())
         .await
         .context("failed to load configuration")?;
@@ -752,15 +786,15 @@ async fn run_get(config_overrides: &CliConfigOverrides, get_args: GetArgs) -> Re
         } => {
             println!("  transport: streamable_http");
             println!("  url: {url}");
-            let env_var = bearer_token_env_var.as_deref().unwrap_or("-");
-            println!("  bearer_token_env_var: {env_var}");
+            let bearer_token_display = bearer_token_env_var.as_deref().unwrap_or("-");
+            println!("  bearer_token_env_var: {bearer_token_display}");
             let headers_display = match http_headers {
                 Some(map) if !map.is_empty() => {
                     let mut pairs: Vec<_> = map.iter().collect();
                     pairs.sort_by(|(a, _), (b, _)| a.cmp(b));
                     pairs
                         .into_iter()
-                        .map(|(k, v)| format!("{k}={v}"))
+                        .map(|(k, _)| format!("{k}=*****"))
                         .collect::<Vec<_>>()
                         .join(", ")
                 }
@@ -773,7 +807,7 @@ async fn run_get(config_overrides: &CliConfigOverrides, get_args: GetArgs) -> Re
                     pairs.sort_by(|(a, _), (b, _)| a.cmp(b));
                     pairs
                         .into_iter()
-                        .map(|(k, v)| format!("{k}={v}"))
+                        .map(|(k, var)| format!("{k}={var}"))
                         .collect::<Vec<_>>()
                         .join(", ")
                 }

codex-rs/cli/src/wsl_paths.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+use std::ffi::OsStr;
+
+/// WSL-specific path helpers used by the updater logic.
+///
+/// See https://github.com/openai/codex/issues/6086.
+pub fn is_wsl() -> bool {
+    #[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
+    {
+        if std::env::var_os("WSL_DISTRO_NAME").is_some() {
+            return true;
+        }
+        match std::fs::read_to_string("/proc/version") {
+            Ok(version) => version.to_lowercase().contains("microsoft"),
+            Err(_) => false,
+        }
+    }
+    #[cfg(not(target_os = "linux"))]
+    {
+        false
+    }
+}
+
+/// Convert a Windows absolute path (`C:\foo\bar` or `C:/foo/bar`) to a WSL mount path (`/mnt/c/foo/bar`).
+/// Returns `None` if the input does not look like a Windows drive path.
+pub fn win_path_to_wsl(path: &str) -> Option<String> {
+    let bytes = path.as_bytes();
+    if bytes.len() < 3
+        || bytes[1] != b':'
+        || !(bytes[2] == b'\\' || bytes[2] == b'/')
+        || !bytes[0].is_ascii_alphabetic()
+    {
+        return None;
+    }
+    let drive = (bytes[0] as char).to_ascii_lowercase();
+    let tail = path[3..].replace('\\', "/");
+    if tail.is_empty() {
+        return Some(format!("/mnt/{drive}"));
+    }
+    Some(format!("/mnt/{drive}/{tail}"))
+}
+
+/// If under WSL and given a Windows-style path, return the equivalent `/mnt/<drive>/…` path.
+/// Otherwise returns the input unchanged.
+pub fn normalize_for_wsl<P: AsRef<OsStr>>(path: P) -> String {
+    let value = path.as_ref().to_string_lossy().to_string();
+    if !is_wsl() {
+        return value;
+    }
+    if let Some(mapped) = win_path_to_wsl(&value) {
+        return mapped;
+    }
+    value
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn win_to_wsl_basic() {
+        assert_eq!(
+            win_path_to_wsl(r"C:\Temp\codex.zip").as_deref(),
+            Some("/mnt/c/Temp/codex.zip")
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            win_path_to_wsl("D:/Work/codex.tgz").as_deref(),
+            Some("/mnt/d/Work/codex.tgz")
+        );
+        assert!(win_path_to_wsl("/home/user/codex").is_none());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn normalize_is_noop_on_unix_paths() {
+        assert_eq!(normalize_for_wsl("/home/u/x"), "/home/u/x");
+    }
+}

codex-rs/cli/tests/mcp_add_remove.rs

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ use std::path::Path;
 
 use anyhow::Result;
 use codex_core::config::load_global_mcp_servers;
-use codex_core::config_types::McpServerTransportConfig;
+use codex_core::config::types::McpServerTransportConfig;
 use predicates::str::contains;
 use pretty_assertions::assert_eq;
 use tempfile::TempDir;

codex-rs/cli/tests/mcp_list.rs

@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 use std::path::Path;
 
 use anyhow::Result;
+use codex_core::config::edit::ConfigEditsBuilder;
 use codex_core::config::load_global_mcp_servers;
-use codex_core::config::write_global_mcp_servers;
-use codex_core::config_types::McpServerTransportConfig;
+use codex_core::config::types::McpServerTransportConfig;
 use predicates::prelude::PredicateBooleanExt;
 use predicates::str::contains;
 use pretty_assertions::assert_eq;
@@ -59,7 +59,9 @@ async fn list_and_get_render_expected_output() -> Result<()> {
         }
         other => panic!("unexpected transport: {other:?}"),
     }
-    write_global_mcp_servers(codex_home.path(), &servers)?;
+    ConfigEditsBuilder::new(codex_home.path())
+        .replace_mcp_servers(&servers)
+        .apply_blocking()?;
 
     let mut list_cmd = codex_command(codex_home.path())?;
     let list_output = list_cmd.args(["mcp", "list"]).output()?;
@@ -68,9 +70,9 @@ async fn list_and_get_render_expected_output() -> Result<()> {
     assert!(stdout.contains("Name"));
     assert!(stdout.contains("docs"));
     assert!(stdout.contains("docs-server"));
-    assert!(stdout.contains("TOKEN=secret"));
-    assert!(stdout.contains("APP_TOKEN=$APP_TOKEN"));
-    assert!(stdout.contains("WORKSPACE_ID=$WORKSPACE_ID"));
+    assert!(stdout.contains("TOKEN=*****"));
+    assert!(stdout.contains("APP_TOKEN=*****"));
+    assert!(stdout.contains("WORKSPACE_ID=*****"));
     assert!(stdout.contains("Status"));
     assert!(stdout.contains("Auth"));
     assert!(stdout.contains("enabled"));
@@ -119,9 +121,9 @@ async fn list_and_get_render_expected_output() -> Result<()> {
     assert!(stdout.contains("transport: stdio"));
     assert!(stdout.contains("command: docs-server"));
     assert!(stdout.contains("args: --port 4000"));
-    assert!(stdout.contains("env: TOKEN=secret"));
-    assert!(stdout.contains("APP_TOKEN=$APP_TOKEN"));
-    assert!(stdout.contains("WORKSPACE_ID=$WORKSPACE_ID"));
+    assert!(stdout.contains("env: TOKEN=*****"));
+    assert!(stdout.contains("APP_TOKEN=*****"));
+    assert!(stdout.contains("WORKSPACE_ID=*****"));
     assert!(stdout.contains("enabled: true"));
     assert!(stdout.contains("remove: codex mcp remove docs"));
 
@@ -149,7 +151,9 @@ async fn get_disabled_server_shows_single_line() -> Result<()> {
         .get_mut("docs")
         .expect("docs server should exist after add");
     docs.enabled = false;
-    write_global_mcp_servers(codex_home.path(), &servers)?;
+    ConfigEditsBuilder::new(codex_home.path())
+        .replace_mcp_servers(&servers)
+        .apply_blocking()?;
 
     let mut get_cmd = codex_command(codex_home.path())?;
     let get_output = get_cmd.args(["mcp", "get", "docs"]).output()?;

codex-rs/cloud-tasks-client/Cargo.toml

@@ -22,6 +22,6 @@ chrono = { version = "0.4", features = ["serde"] }
 diffy = "0.4.2"
 serde = { version = "1", features = ["derive"] }
 serde_json = "1"
-thiserror = "2.0.12"
+thiserror = "2.0.17"
 codex-backend-client = { path = "../backend-client", optional = true }
-codex-git-apply = { path = "../git-apply" }
+codex-git = { workspace = true }

codex-rs/cloud-tasks-client/src/http.rs

@@ -362,13 +362,13 @@ mod api {
                 });
             }
 
-            let req = codex_git_apply::ApplyGitRequest {
+            let req = codex_git::ApplyGitRequest {
                 cwd: std::env::current_dir().unwrap_or_else(|_| std::env::temp_dir()),
                 diff: diff.clone(),
                 revert: false,
                 preflight,
             };
-            let r = codex_git_apply::apply_git_patch(&req)
+            let r = codex_git::apply_git_patch(&req)
                 .map_err(|e| CloudTaskError::Io(format!("git apply failed to run: {e}")))?;
 
             let status = if r.exit_code == 0 {

codex-rs/cloud-tasks-client/src/lib.rs

@@ -26,4 +26,4 @@ pub use mock::MockClient;
 #[cfg(feature = "online")]
 pub use http::HttpClient;
 
-// Reusable apply engine now lives in the shared crate `codex-git-apply`.
+// Reusable apply engine now lives in the shared crate `codex-git`.

codex-rs/cloud-tasks/src/lib.rs

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ pub mod util;
 pub use cli::Cli;
 
 use anyhow::anyhow;
+use codex_login::AuthManager;
 use std::io::IsTerminal;
 use std::io::Read;
 use std::path::PathBuf;
@@ -56,11 +57,8 @@ async fn init_backend(user_agent_suffix: &str) -> anyhow::Result<BackendContext>
     };
     append_error_log(format!("startup: base_url={base_url} path_style={style}"));
 
-    let auth = match codex_core::config::find_codex_home()
-        .ok()
-        .map(|home| codex_login::AuthManager::new(home, false))
-        .and_then(|am| am.auth())
-    {
+    let auth_manager = util::load_auth_manager().await;
+    let auth = match auth_manager.as_ref().and_then(AuthManager::auth) {
         Some(auth) => auth,
         None => {
             eprintln!(
@@ -1035,7 +1033,7 @@ pub async fn run_main(cli: Cli, _codex_linux_sandbox_exe: Option<PathBuf>) -> an
                             // Close task modal/pending apply if present before opening env modal
                             app.diff_overlay = None;
                             app.env_modal = Some(app::EnvModalState { query: String::new(), selected: 0 });
-                            // Cache environments until user explicitly refreshes with 'r' inside the modal.
+                            // Cache environments while the modal is open to avoid repeated fetches.
                             let should_fetch = app.environments.is_empty();
                             if should_fetch {
                                 app.env_loading = true;
@@ -1086,7 +1084,19 @@ pub async fn run_main(cli: Cli, _codex_linux_sandbox_exe: Option<PathBuf>) -> an
                                                 let backend = Arc::clone(&backend);
                                                 let best_of_n = page.best_of_n;
                                                 tokio::spawn(async move {
-                                                    let result = codex_cloud_tasks_client::CloudBackend::create_task(&*backend, &env, &text, "main", false, best_of_n).await;
+                                                    let git_ref = if let Ok(cwd) = std::env::current_dir() {
+                                                        if let Some(branch) = codex_core::git_info::default_branch_name(&cwd).await {
+                                                            branch
+                                                        } else if let Some(branch) = codex_core::git_info::current_branch_name(&cwd).await {
+                                                            branch
+                                                        } else {
+                                                            "main".to_string()
+                                                        }
+                                                    } else {
+                                                        "main".to_string()
+                                                    };
+
+                                                    let result = codex_cloud_tasks_client::CloudBackend::create_task(&*backend, &env, &text, &git_ref, false, best_of_n).await;
                                                     let evt = match result {
                                                         Ok(ok) => app::AppEvent::NewTaskSubmitted(Ok(ok)),
                                                         Err(e) => app::AppEvent::NewTaskSubmitted(Err(format!("{e}"))),
@@ -1094,7 +1104,7 @@ pub async fn run_main(cli: Cli, _codex_linux_sandbox_exe: Option<PathBuf>) -> an
                                                     let _ = tx.send(evt);
                                                 });
                                             } else {
-                                                app.status = "No environment selected (press 'e' to choose)".to_string();
+                                                app.status = "No environment selected".to_string();
                                             }
                                     }
                                     needs_redraw = true;
@@ -1292,18 +1302,6 @@ pub async fn run_main(cli: Cli, _codex_linux_sandbox_exe: Option<PathBuf>) -> an
                             // Environment modal key handling
                             match key.code {
                                 KeyCode::Esc => { app.env_modal = None; needs_redraw = true; }
-                                KeyCode::Char('r') | KeyCode::Char('R') => {
-                                    // Trigger refresh of environments
-                                    app.env_loading = true; app.env_error = None; needs_redraw = true;
-                                    let _ = frame_tx.send(Instant::now() + Duration::from_millis(100));
-                                    let tx = tx.clone();
-                                    tokio::spawn(async move {
-            let base_url = crate::util::normalize_base_url(&std::env::var("CODEX_CLOUD_TASKS_BASE_URL").unwrap_or_else(|_| "https://chatgpt.com/backend-api".to_string()));
-            let headers = crate::util::build_chatgpt_headers().await;
-                                        let res = crate::env_detect::list_environments(&base_url, &headers).await;
-                                        let _ = tx.send(app::AppEvent::EnvironmentsLoaded(res));
-                                    });
-                                }
                                 KeyCode::Char(ch) if !key.modifiers.contains(KeyModifiers::CONTROL) && !key.modifiers.contains(KeyModifiers::ALT) => {
                                     if let Some(m) = app.env_modal.as_mut() { m.query.push(ch); }
                                     needs_redraw = true;
@@ -1410,7 +1408,7 @@ pub async fn run_main(cli: Cli, _codex_linux_sandbox_exe: Option<PathBuf>) -> an
                                 }
                                 KeyCode::Char('o') | KeyCode::Char('O') => {
                                     app.env_modal = Some(app::EnvModalState { query: String::new(), selected: 0 });
-                                    // Cache environments until user explicitly refreshes with 'r' inside the modal.
+                                    // Cache environments while the modal is open to avoid repeated fetches.
                                     let should_fetch = app.environments.is_empty();
                                     if should_fetch { app.env_loading = true; app.env_error = None; }
                                     needs_redraw = true;

codex-rs/cloud-tasks/src/ui.rs

@@ -945,9 +945,7 @@ pub fn draw_env_modal(frame: &mut Frame, area: Rect, app: &mut App) {
 
     // Subheader with usage hints (dim cyan)
     let subheader = Paragraph::new(Line::from(
-        "Type to search, Enter select, Esc cancel; r refresh"
-            .cyan()
-            .dim(),
+        "Type to search, Enter select, Esc cancel".cyan().dim(),
     ))
     .wrap(Wrap { trim: true });
     frame.render_widget(subheader, rows[0]);

codex-rs/cloud-tasks/src/util.rs

@@ -2,6 +2,10 @@ use base64::Engine as _;
 use chrono::Utc;
 use reqwest::header::HeaderMap;
 
+use codex_core::config::Config;
+use codex_core::config::ConfigOverrides;
+use codex_login::AuthManager;
+
 pub fn set_user_agent_suffix(suffix: &str) {
     if let Ok(mut guard) = codex_core::default_client::USER_AGENT_SUFFIX.lock() {
         guard.replace(suffix.to_string());
@@ -54,6 +58,18 @@ pub fn extract_chatgpt_account_id(token: &str) -> Option<String> {
         .map(str::to_string)
 }
 
+pub async fn load_auth_manager() -> Option<AuthManager> {
+    // TODO: pass in cli overrides once cloud tasks properly support them.
+    let config = Config::load_with_cli_overrides(Vec::new(), ConfigOverrides::default())
+        .await
+        .ok()?;
+    Some(AuthManager::new(
+        config.codex_home,
+        false,
+        config.cli_auth_credentials_store_mode,
+    ))
+}
+
 /// Build headers for ChatGPT-backed requests: `User-Agent`, optional `Authorization`,
 /// and optional `ChatGPT-Account-Id`.
 pub async fn build_chatgpt_headers() -> HeaderMap {
@@ -69,24 +85,22 @@ pub async fn build_chatgpt_headers() -> HeaderMap {
         USER_AGENT,
         HeaderValue::from_str(&ua).unwrap_or(HeaderValue::from_static("codex-cli")),
     );
-    if let Ok(home) = codex_core::config::find_codex_home() {
-        let am = codex_login::AuthManager::new(home, false);
-        if let Some(auth) = am.auth()
-            && let Ok(tok) = auth.get_token().await
-            && !tok.is_empty()
+    if let Some(am) = load_auth_manager().await
+        && let Some(auth) = am.auth()
+        && let Ok(tok) = auth.get_token().await
+        && !tok.is_empty()
+    {
+        let v = format!("Bearer {tok}");
+        if let Ok(hv) = HeaderValue::from_str(&v) {
+            headers.insert(AUTHORIZATION, hv);
+        }
+        if let Some(acc) = auth
+            .get_account_id()
+            .or_else(|| extract_chatgpt_account_id(&tok))
+            && let Ok(name) = HeaderName::from_bytes(b"ChatGPT-Account-Id")
+            && let Ok(hv) = HeaderValue::from_str(&acc)
         {
-            let v = format!("Bearer {tok}");
-            if let Ok(hv) = HeaderValue::from_str(&v) {
-                headers.insert(AUTHORIZATION, hv);
-            }
-            if let Some(acc) = auth
-                .get_account_id()
-                .or_else(|| extract_chatgpt_account_id(&tok))
-                && let Ok(name) = HeaderName::from_bytes(b"ChatGPT-Account-Id")
-                && let Ok(hv) = HeaderValue::from_str(&acc)
-            {
-                headers.insert(name, hv);
-            }
+            headers.insert(name, hv);
         }
     }
     headers

codex-rs/codex-backend-openapi-models/Cargo.toml

@@ -16,3 +16,6 @@ path = "src/lib.rs"
 serde = { version = "1", features = ["derive"] }
 serde_json = "1"
 serde_with = "3"
+
+[package.metadata.cargo-shear]
+ignored = ["serde_with"]

codex-rs/common/src/approval_presets.rs

@@ -24,21 +24,21 @@ pub fn builtin_approval_presets() -> Vec<ApprovalPreset> {
         ApprovalPreset {
             id: "read-only",
             label: "Read Only",
-            description: "Codex can read files and answer questions. Codex requires approval to make edits, run commands, or access network",
+            description: "Codex can read files and answer questions. Codex requires approval to make edits, run commands, or access network.",
             approval: AskForApproval::OnRequest,
             sandbox: SandboxPolicy::ReadOnly,
         },
         ApprovalPreset {
             id: "auto",
             label: "Auto",
-            description: "Codex can read files, make edits, and run commands in the workspace. Codex requires approval to work outside the workspace or access network",
+            description: "Codex can read files, make edits, and run commands in the workspace. Codex requires approval to work outside the workspace or access network.",
             approval: AskForApproval::OnRequest,
             sandbox: SandboxPolicy::new_workspace_write_policy(),
         },
         ApprovalPreset {
             id: "full-access",
             label: "Full Access",
-            description: "Codex can read files, make edits, and run commands with network access, without approval. Exercise caution",
+            description: "Codex can read files, make edits, and run commands with network access, without approval. Exercise caution.",
             approval: AskForApproval::Never,
             sandbox: SandboxPolicy::DangerFullAccess,
         },

codex-rs/common/src/config_override.rs

@@ -19,8 +19,8 @@ use toml::Value;
 pub struct CliConfigOverrides {
     /// Override a configuration value that would otherwise be loaded from
     /// `~/.codex/config.toml`. Use a dotted path (`foo.bar.baz`) to override
-    /// nested values. The `value` portion is parsed as JSON. If it fails to
-    /// parse as JSON, the raw string is used as a literal.
+    /// nested values. The `value` portion is parsed as TOML. If it fails to
+    /// parse as TOML, the raw string is used as a literal.
     ///
     /// Examples:
     ///   - `-c model="o3"`
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ impl CliConfigOverrides {
                     return Err(format!("Empty key in override: {s}"));
                 }
 
-                // Attempt to parse as JSON. If that fails, treat it as a raw
+                // Attempt to parse as TOML. If that fails, treat it as a raw
                 // string. This allows convenient usage such as
                 // `-c model=o3` without the quotes.
                 let value: Value = match parse_toml_value(value_str) {
@@ -151,6 +151,15 @@ mod tests {
         assert_eq!(v.as_integer(), Some(42));
     }
 
+    #[test]
+    fn parses_bool() {
+        let true_literal = parse_toml_value("true").expect("parse");
+        assert_eq!(true_literal.as_bool(), Some(true));
+
+        let false_literal = parse_toml_value("false").expect("parse");
+        assert_eq!(false_literal.as_bool(), Some(false));
+    }
+
     #[test]
     fn fails_on_unquoted_string() {
         assert!(parse_toml_value("hello").is_err());

codex-rs/common/src/format_env_display.rs

@@ -6,15 +6,11 @@ pub fn format_env_display(env: Option<&HashMap<String, String>>, env_vars: &[Str
     if let Some(map) = env {
         let mut pairs: Vec<_> = map.iter().collect();
         pairs.sort_by(|(a, _), (b, _)| a.cmp(b));
-        parts.extend(
-            pairs
-                .into_iter()
-                .map(|(key, value)| format!("{key}={value}")),
-        );
+        parts.extend(pairs.into_iter().map(|(key, _)| format!("{key}=*****")));
     }
 
     if !env_vars.is_empty() {
-        parts.extend(env_vars.iter().map(|var| format!("{var}=${var}")));
+        parts.extend(env_vars.iter().map(|var| format!("{var}=*****")));
     }
 
     if parts.is_empty() {
@@ -42,14 +38,14 @@ mod tests {
         env.insert("B".to_string(), "two".to_string());
         env.insert("A".to_string(), "one".to_string());
 
-        assert_eq!(format_env_display(Some(&env), &[]), "A=one, B=two");
+        assert_eq!(format_env_display(Some(&env), &[]), "A=*****, B=*****");
     }
 
     #[test]
     fn formats_env_vars_with_dollar_prefix() {
         let vars = vec!["TOKEN".to_string(), "PATH".to_string()];
 
-        assert_eq!(format_env_display(None, &vars), "TOKEN=$TOKEN, PATH=$PATH");
+        assert_eq!(format_env_display(None, &vars), "TOKEN=*****, PATH=*****");
     }
 
     #[test]
@@ -60,7 +56,7 @@ mod tests {
 
         assert_eq!(
             format_env_display(Some(&env), &vars),
-            "HOME=/tmp, TOKEN=$TOKEN"
+            "HOME=*****, TOKEN=*****"
         );
     }
 }

codex-rs/common/src/model_presets.rs

@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ const PRESETS: &[ModelPreset] = &[
         id: "gpt-5-codex",
         model: "gpt-5-codex",
         display_name: "gpt-5-codex",
-        description: "Optimized for coding tasks with many tools.",
+        description: "Optimized for codex.",
         default_reasoning_effort: ReasoningEffort::Medium,
         supported_reasoning_efforts: &[
             ReasoningEffortPreset {
@@ -52,6 +52,24 @@ const PRESETS: &[ModelPreset] = &[
         ],
         is_default: true,
     },
+    ModelPreset {
+        id: "gpt-5-codex-mini",
+        model: "gpt-5-codex-mini",
+        display_name: "gpt-5-codex-mini",
+        description: "Optimized for codex. Cheaper, faster, but less capable.",
+        default_reasoning_effort: ReasoningEffort::Medium,
+        supported_reasoning_efforts: &[
+            ReasoningEffortPreset {
+                effort: ReasoningEffort::Medium,
+                description: "Dynamically adjusts reasoning based on the task",
+            },
+            ReasoningEffortPreset {
+                effort: ReasoningEffort::High,
+                description: "Maximizes reasoning depth for complex or ambiguous problems",
+            },
+        ],
+        is_default: false,
+    },
     ModelPreset {
         id: "gpt-5",
         model: "gpt-5",
@@ -80,8 +98,13 @@ const PRESETS: &[ModelPreset] = &[
     },
 ];
 
-pub fn builtin_model_presets(_auth_mode: Option<AuthMode>) -> Vec<ModelPreset> {
-    PRESETS.to_vec()
+pub fn builtin_model_presets(auth_mode: Option<AuthMode>) -> Vec<ModelPreset> {
+    let allow_codex_mini = matches!(auth_mode, Some(AuthMode::ChatGPT));
+    PRESETS
+        .iter()
+        .filter(|preset| allow_codex_mini || preset.id != "gpt-5-codex-mini")
+        .copied()
+        .collect()
 }
 
 #[cfg(test)]

codex-rs/core/Cargo.toml

@@ -21,14 +21,18 @@ bytes = { workspace = true }
 chrono = { workspace = true, features = ["serde"] }
 codex-app-server-protocol = { workspace = true }
 codex-apply-patch = { workspace = true }
+codex-async-utils = { workspace = true }
 codex-file-search = { workspace = true }
+codex-git = { workspace = true }
+codex-keyring-store = { workspace = true }
 codex-otel = { workspace = true, features = ["otel"] }
 codex-protocol = { workspace = true }
 codex-rmcp-client = { workspace = true }
-codex-async-utils = { workspace = true }
-codex-utils-string = { workspace = true }
 codex-utils-pty = { workspace = true }
+codex-utils-readiness = { workspace = true }
+codex-utils-string = { workspace = true }
 codex-utils-tokenizer = { workspace = true }
+codex-windows-sandbox = { package = "codex-windows-sandbox", path = "../windows-sandbox-rs" }
 dirs = { workspace = true }
 dunce = { workspace = true }
 env-flags = { workspace = true }
@@ -36,6 +40,12 @@ eventsource-stream = { workspace = true }
 futures = { workspace = true }
 http = { workspace = true }
 indexmap = { workspace = true }
+keyring = { workspace = true, features = [
+    "apple-native",
+    "crypto-rust",
+    "linux-native-async-persistent",
+    "windows-native",
+] }
 libc = { workspace = true }
 mcp-types = { workspace = true }
 os_info = { workspace = true }
@@ -45,6 +55,7 @@ reqwest = { workspace = true, features = ["json", "stream"] }
 serde = { workspace = true, features = ["derive"] }
 serde_json = { workspace = true }
 sha1 = { workspace = true }
+sha2 = { workspace = true }
 shlex = { workspace = true }
 similar = { workspace = true }
 strum_macros = { workspace = true }
@@ -70,7 +81,7 @@ toml_edit = { workspace = true }
 tracing = { workspace = true, features = ["log"] }
 tree-sitter = { workspace = true }
 tree-sitter-bash = { workspace = true }
-uuid = { workspace = true, features = ["serde", "v4"] }
+uuid = { workspace = true, features = ["serde", "v4", "v5"] }
 which = { workspace = true }
 wildmatch = { workspace = true }
 
@@ -93,8 +104,11 @@ openssl-sys = { workspace = true, features = ["vendored"] }
 [dev-dependencies]
 assert_cmd = { workspace = true }
 assert_matches = { workspace = true }
+codex-arg0 = { workspace = true }
 core_test_support = { workspace = true }
+ctor = { workspace = true }
 escargot = { workspace = true }
+image = { workspace = true, features = ["jpeg", "png"] }
 maplit = { workspace = true }
 predicates = { workspace = true }
 pretty_assertions = { workspace = true }

codex-rs/core/gpt_5_codex_prompt.md

@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ You are Codex, based on GPT-5. You are running as a coding agent in the Codex CL
     * If asked to make a commit or code edits and there are unrelated changes to your work or changes that you didn't make in those files, don't revert those changes.
     * If the changes are in files you've touched recently, you should read carefully and understand how you can work with the changes rather than reverting them.
     * If the changes are in unrelated files, just ignore them and don't revert them.
+- Do not amend a commit unless explicitly requested to do so.
 - While you are working, you might notice unexpected changes that you didn't make. If this happens, STOP IMMEDIATELY and ask the user how they would like to proceed.
 - **NEVER** use destructive commands like `git reset --hard` or `git checkout --` unless specifically requested or approved by the user.
 

codex-rs/core/review_prompt.md

@@ -82,6 +82,6 @@ OUTPUT FORMAT:
 
 * **Do not** wrap the JSON in markdown fences or extra prose.
 * The code_location field is required and must include absolute_file_path and line_range.
-*Line ranges must be as short as possible for interpreting the issue (avoid ranges over 5–10 lines; pick the most suitable subrange).
+* Line ranges must be as short as possible for interpreting the issue (avoid ranges over 5–10 lines; pick the most suitable subrange).
 * The code_location should overlap with the diff.
-* Do not generate a PR fix.
+* Do not generate a PR fix.

codex-rs/core/src/apply_patch.rs

@@ -61,7 +61,13 @@ pub(crate) async fn apply_patch(
             // that similar patches can be auto-approved in the future during
             // this session.
             let rx_approve = sess
-                .request_patch_approval(turn_context, call_id.to_owned(), &action, None, None)
+                .request_patch_approval(
+                    turn_context,
+                    call_id.to_owned(),
+                    convert_apply_patch_to_protocol(&action),
+                    None,
+                    None,
+                )
                 .await;
             match rx_approve.await.unwrap_or_default() {
                 ReviewDecision::Approved | ReviewDecision::ApprovedForSession => {

codex-rs/core/src/auth.rs

@@ -1,16 +1,14 @@
-use chrono::DateTime;
+mod storage;
+
 use chrono::Utc;
+use reqwest::StatusCode;
 use serde::Deserialize;
 use serde::Serialize;
 #[cfg(test)]
 use serial_test::serial;
 use std::env;
-use std::fs::File;
-use std::fs::OpenOptions;
-use std::io::Read;
-use std::io::Write;
-#[cfg(unix)]
-use std::os::unix::fs::OpenOptionsExt;
+use std::fmt::Debug;
+use std::io::ErrorKind;
 use std::path::Path;
 use std::path::PathBuf;
 use std::sync::Arc;
@@ -20,11 +18,22 @@ use std::time::Duration;
 use codex_app_server_protocol::AuthMode;
 use codex_protocol::config_types::ForcedLoginMethod;
 
+pub use crate::auth::storage::AuthCredentialsStoreMode;
+pub use crate::auth::storage::AuthDotJson;
+use crate::auth::storage::AuthStorageBackend;
+use crate::auth::storage::create_auth_storage;
 use crate::config::Config;
 use crate::default_client::CodexHttpClient;
-use crate::token_data::PlanType;
+use crate::error::RefreshTokenFailedError;
+use crate::error::RefreshTokenFailedReason;
+use crate::token_data::KnownPlan as InternalKnownPlan;
+use crate::token_data::PlanType as InternalPlanType;
 use crate::token_data::TokenData;
 use crate::token_data::parse_id_token;
+use crate::util::try_parse_error_message;
+use codex_protocol::account::PlanType as AccountPlanType;
+use serde_json::Value;
+use thiserror::Error;
 
 #[derive(Debug, Clone)]
 pub struct CodexAuth {
@@ -32,7 +41,7 @@ pub struct CodexAuth {
 
     pub(crate) api_key: Option<String>,
     pub(crate) auth_dot_json: Arc<Mutex<Option<AuthDotJson>>>,
-    pub(crate) auth_file: PathBuf,
+    storage: Arc<dyn AuthStorageBackend>,
     pub(crate) client: CodexHttpClient,
 }
 
@@ -42,26 +51,66 @@ impl PartialEq for CodexAuth {
     }
 }
 
+// TODO(pakrym): use token exp field to check for expiration instead
+const TOKEN_REFRESH_INTERVAL: i64 = 8;
+
+const REFRESH_TOKEN_EXPIRED_MESSAGE: &str = "Your access token could not be refreshed because your refresh token has expired. Please log out and sign in again.";
+const REFRESH_TOKEN_REUSED_MESSAGE: &str = "Your access token could not be refreshed because your refresh token was already used. Please log out and sign in again.";
+const REFRESH_TOKEN_INVALIDATED_MESSAGE: &str = "Your access token could not be refreshed because your refresh token was revoked. Please log out and sign in again.";
+const REFRESH_TOKEN_UNKNOWN_MESSAGE: &str =
+    "Your access token could not be refreshed. Please log out and sign in again.";
+const REFRESH_TOKEN_URL: &str = "https://auth.openai.com/oauth/token";
+pub const REFRESH_TOKEN_URL_OVERRIDE_ENV_VAR: &str = "CODEX_REFRESH_TOKEN_URL_OVERRIDE";
+
+#[derive(Debug, Error)]
+pub enum RefreshTokenError {
+    #[error("{0}")]
+    Permanent(#[from] RefreshTokenFailedError),
+    #[error(transparent)]
+    Transient(#[from] std::io::Error),
+}
+
+impl RefreshTokenError {
+    pub fn failed_reason(&self) -> Option<RefreshTokenFailedReason> {
+        match self {
+            Self::Permanent(error) => Some(error.reason),
+            Self::Transient(_) => None,
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn other_with_message(message: impl Into<String>) -> Self {
+        Self::Transient(std::io::Error::other(message.into()))
+    }
+}
+
+impl From<RefreshTokenError> for std::io::Error {
+    fn from(err: RefreshTokenError) -> Self {
+        match err {
+            RefreshTokenError::Permanent(failed) => std::io::Error::other(failed),
+            RefreshTokenError::Transient(inner) => inner,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 impl CodexAuth {
-    pub async fn refresh_token(&self) -> Result<String, std::io::Error> {
+    pub async fn refresh_token(&self) -> Result<String, RefreshTokenError> {
         tracing::info!("Refreshing token");
 
-        let token_data = self
-            .get_current_token_data()
-            .ok_or(std::io::Error::other("Token data is not available."))?;
+        let token_data = self.get_current_token_data().ok_or_else(|| {
+            RefreshTokenError::Transient(std::io::Error::other("Token data is not available."))
+        })?;
         let token = token_data.refresh_token;
 
-        let refresh_response = try_refresh_token(token, &self.client)
-            .await
-            .map_err(std::io::Error::other)?;
+        let refresh_response = try_refresh_token(token, &self.client).await?;
 
         let updated = update_tokens(
-            &self.auth_file,
+            &self.storage,
             refresh_response.id_token,
             refresh_response.access_token,
             refresh_response.refresh_token,
         )
-        .await?;
+        .await
+        .map_err(RefreshTokenError::from)?;
 
         if let Ok(mut auth_lock) = self.auth_dot_json.lock() {
             *auth_lock = Some(updated.clone());
@@ -70,7 +119,7 @@ impl CodexAuth {
         let access = match updated.tokens {
             Some(t) => t.access_token,
             None => {
-                return Err(std::io::Error::other(
+                return Err(RefreshTokenError::other_with_message(
                     "Token data is not available after refresh.",
                 ));
             }
@@ -78,9 +127,12 @@ impl CodexAuth {
         Ok(access)
     }
 
-    /// Loads the available auth information from the auth.json.
-    pub fn from_codex_home(codex_home: &Path) -> std::io::Result<Option<CodexAuth>> {
-        load_auth(codex_home, false)
+    /// Loads the available auth information from auth storage.
+    pub fn from_auth_storage(
+        codex_home: &Path,
+        auth_credentials_store_mode: AuthCredentialsStoreMode,
+    ) -> std::io::Result<Option<CodexAuth>> {
+        load_auth(codex_home, false, auth_credentials_store_mode)
     }
 
     pub async fn get_token_data(&self) -> Result<TokenData, std::io::Error> {
@@ -91,19 +143,25 @@ impl CodexAuth {
                 last_refresh: Some(last_refresh),
                 ..
             }) => {
-                if last_refresh < Utc::now() - chrono::Duration::days(28) {
-                    let refresh_response = tokio::time::timeout(
+                if last_refresh < Utc::now() - chrono::Duration::days(TOKEN_REFRESH_INTERVAL) {
+                    let refresh_result = tokio::time::timeout(
                         Duration::from_secs(60),
                         try_refresh_token(tokens.refresh_token.clone(), &self.client),
                     )
-                    .await
-                    .map_err(|_| {
-                        std::io::Error::other("timed out while refreshing OpenAI API key")
-                    })?
-                    .map_err(std::io::Error::other)?;
+                    .await;
+                    let refresh_response = match refresh_result {
+                        Ok(Ok(response)) => response,
+                        Ok(Err(err)) => return Err(err.into()),
+                        Err(_) => {
+                            return Err(std::io::Error::new(
+                                ErrorKind::TimedOut,
+                                "timed out while refreshing OpenAI API key",
+                            ));
+                        }
+                    };
 
                     let updated_auth_dot_json = update_tokens(
-                        &self.auth_file,
+                        &self.storage,
                         refresh_response.id_token,
                         refresh_response.access_token,
                         refresh_response.refresh_token,
@@ -146,7 +204,34 @@ impl CodexAuth {
         self.get_current_token_data().and_then(|t| t.id_token.email)
     }
 
-    pub(crate) fn get_plan_type(&self) -> Option<PlanType> {
+    /// Account-facing plan classification derived from the current token.
+    /// Returns a high-level `AccountPlanType` (e.g., Free/Plus/Pro/Team/…)
+    /// mapped from the ID token's internal plan value. Prefer this when you
+    /// need to make UI or product decisions based on the user's subscription.
+    pub fn account_plan_type(&self) -> Option<AccountPlanType> {
+        let map_known = |kp: &InternalKnownPlan| match kp {
+            InternalKnownPlan::Free => AccountPlanType::Free,
+            InternalKnownPlan::Plus => AccountPlanType::Plus,
+            InternalKnownPlan::Pro => AccountPlanType::Pro,
+            InternalKnownPlan::Team => AccountPlanType::Team,
+            InternalKnownPlan::Business => AccountPlanType::Business,
+            InternalKnownPlan::Enterprise => AccountPlanType::Enterprise,
+            InternalKnownPlan::Edu => AccountPlanType::Edu,
+        };
+
+        self.get_current_token_data()
+            .and_then(|t| t.id_token.chatgpt_plan_type)
+            .map(|pt| match pt {
+                InternalPlanType::Known(k) => map_known(&k),
+                InternalPlanType::Unknown(_) => AccountPlanType::Unknown,
+            })
+    }
+
+    /// Raw internal plan value from the ID token.
+    /// Exposes the underlying `token_data::PlanType` without mapping it to the
+    /// public `AccountPlanType`. Use this when downstream code needs to inspect
+    /// internal/unknown plan strings exactly as issued in the token.
+    pub(crate) fn get_plan_type(&self) -> Option<InternalPlanType> {
         self.get_current_token_data()
             .and_then(|t| t.id_token.chatgpt_plan_type)
     }
@@ -177,7 +262,7 @@ impl CodexAuth {
         Self {
             api_key: None,
             mode: AuthMode::ChatGPT,
-            auth_file: PathBuf::new(),
+            storage: create_auth_storage(PathBuf::new(), AuthCredentialsStoreMode::File),
             auth_dot_json,
             client: crate::default_client::create_client(),
         }
@@ -187,7 +272,7 @@ impl CodexAuth {
         Self {
             api_key: Some(api_key.to_owned()),
             mode: AuthMode::ApiKey,
-            auth_file: PathBuf::new(),
+            storage: create_auth_storage(PathBuf::new(), AuthCredentialsStoreMode::File),
             auth_dot_json: Arc::new(Mutex::new(None)),
             client,
         }
@@ -215,33 +300,57 @@ pub fn read_codex_api_key_from_env() -> Option<String> {
         .filter(|value| !value.is_empty())
 }
 
-pub fn get_auth_file(codex_home: &Path) -> PathBuf {
-    codex_home.join("auth.json")
-}
-
 /// Delete the auth.json file inside `codex_home` if it exists. Returns `Ok(true)`
 /// if a file was removed, `Ok(false)` if no auth file was present.
-pub fn logout(codex_home: &Path) -> std::io::Result<bool> {
-    let auth_file = get_auth_file(codex_home);
-    match std::fs::remove_file(&auth_file) {
-        Ok(_) => Ok(true),
-        Err(err) if err.kind() == std::io::ErrorKind::NotFound => Ok(false),
-        Err(err) => Err(err),
-    }
+pub fn logout(
+    codex_home: &Path,
+    auth_credentials_store_mode: AuthCredentialsStoreMode,
+) -> std::io::Result<bool> {
+    let storage = create_auth_storage(codex_home.to_path_buf(), auth_credentials_store_mode);
+    storage.delete()
 }
 
 /// Writes an `auth.json` that contains only the API key.
-pub fn login_with_api_key(codex_home: &Path, api_key: &str) -> std::io::Result<()> {
+pub fn login_with_api_key(
+    codex_home: &Path,
+    api_key: &str,
+    auth_credentials_store_mode: AuthCredentialsStoreMode,
+) -> std::io::Result<()> {
     let auth_dot_json = AuthDotJson {
         openai_api_key: Some(api_key.to_string()),
         tokens: None,
         last_refresh: None,
     };
-    write_auth_json(&get_auth_file(codex_home), &auth_dot_json)
+    save_auth(codex_home, &auth_dot_json, auth_credentials_store_mode)
+}
+
+/// Persist the provided auth payload using the specified backend.
+pub fn save_auth(
+    codex_home: &Path,
+    auth: &AuthDotJson,
+    auth_credentials_store_mode: AuthCredentialsStoreMode,
+) -> std::io::Result<()> {
+    let storage = create_auth_storage(codex_home.to_path_buf(), auth_credentials_store_mode);
+    storage.save(auth)
+}
+
+/// Load CLI auth data using the configured credential store backend.
+/// Returns `None` when no credentials are stored.
+pub fn load_auth_dot_json(
+    codex_home: &Path,
+    auth_credentials_store_mode: AuthCredentialsStoreMode,
+) -> std::io::Result<Option<AuthDotJson>> {
+    let storage = create_auth_storage(codex_home.to_path_buf(), auth_credentials_store_mode);
+    storage.load()
 }
 
 pub async fn enforce_login_restrictions(config: &Config) -> std::io::Result<()> {
-    let Some(auth) = load_auth(&config.codex_home, true)? else {
+    let Some(auth) = load_auth(
+        &config.codex_home,
+        true,
+        config.cli_auth_credentials_store_mode,
+    )?
+    else {
         return Ok(());
     };
 
@@ -260,7 +369,11 @@ pub async fn enforce_login_restrictions(config: &Config) -> std::io::Result<()>
         };
 
         if let Some(message) = method_violation {
-            return logout_with_message(&config.codex_home, message);
+            return logout_with_message(
+                &config.codex_home,
+                message,
+                config.cli_auth_credentials_store_mode,
+            );
         }
     }
 
@@ -277,6 +390,7 @@ pub async fn enforce_login_restrictions(config: &Config) -> std::io::Result<()>
                     format!(
                         "Failed to load ChatGPT credentials while enforcing workspace restrictions: {err}. Logging out."
                     ),
+                    config.cli_auth_credentials_store_mode,
                 );
             }
         };
@@ -292,15 +406,23 @@ pub async fn enforce_login_restrictions(config: &Config) -> std::io::Result<()>
                     "Login is restricted to workspace {expected_account_id}, but current credentials lack a workspace identifier. Logging out."
                 ),
             };
-            return logout_with_message(&config.codex_home, message);
+            return logout_with_message(
+                &config.codex_home,
+                message,
+                config.cli_auth_credentials_store_mode,
+            );
         }
     }
 
     Ok(())
 }
 
-fn logout_with_message(codex_home: &Path, message: String) -> std::io::Result<()> {
-    match logout(codex_home) {
+fn logout_with_message(
+    codex_home: &Path,
+    message: String,
+    auth_credentials_store_mode: AuthCredentialsStoreMode,
+) -> std::io::Result<()> {
+    match logout(codex_home, auth_credentials_store_mode) {
         Ok(_) => Err(std::io::Error::other(message)),
         Err(err) => Err(std::io::Error::other(format!(
             "{message}. Failed to remove auth.json: {err}"
@@ -311,6 +433,7 @@ fn logout_with_message(codex_home: &Path, message: String) -> std::io::Result<()
 fn load_auth(
     codex_home: &Path,
     enable_codex_api_key_env: bool,
+    auth_credentials_store_mode: AuthCredentialsStoreMode,
 ) -> std::io::Result<Option<CodexAuth>> {
     if enable_codex_api_key_env && let Some(api_key) = read_codex_api_key_from_env() {
         let client = crate::default_client::create_client();
@@ -320,12 +443,12 @@ fn load_auth(
         )));
     }
 
-    let auth_file = get_auth_file(codex_home);
+    let storage = create_auth_storage(codex_home.to_path_buf(), auth_credentials_store_mode);
+
     let client = crate::default_client::create_client();
-    let auth_dot_json = match try_read_auth_json(&auth_file) {
-        Ok(auth) => auth,
-        Err(err) if err.kind() == std::io::ErrorKind::NotFound => return Ok(None),
-        Err(err) => return Err(err),
+    let auth_dot_json = match storage.load()? {
+        Some(auth) => auth,
+        None => return Ok(None),
     };
 
     let AuthDotJson {
@@ -342,7 +465,7 @@ fn load_auth(
     Ok(Some(CodexAuth {
         api_key: None,
         mode: AuthMode::ChatGPT,
-        auth_file,
+        storage: storage.clone(),
         auth_dot_json: Arc::new(Mutex::new(Some(AuthDotJson {
             openai_api_key: None,
             tokens,
@@ -352,44 +475,20 @@ fn load_auth(
     }))
 }
 
-/// Attempt to read and refresh the `auth.json` file in the given `CODEX_HOME` directory.
-/// Returns the full AuthDotJson structure after refreshing if necessary.
-pub fn try_read_auth_json(auth_file: &Path) -> std::io::Result<AuthDotJson> {
-    let mut file = File::open(auth_file)?;
-    let mut contents = String::new();
-    file.read_to_string(&mut contents)?;
-    let auth_dot_json: AuthDotJson = serde_json::from_str(&contents)?;
-
-    Ok(auth_dot_json)
-}
-
-pub fn write_auth_json(auth_file: &Path, auth_dot_json: &AuthDotJson) -> std::io::Result<()> {
-    if let Some(parent) = auth_file.parent() {
-        std::fs::create_dir_all(parent)?;
-    }
-    let json_data = serde_json::to_string_pretty(auth_dot_json)?;
-    let mut options = OpenOptions::new();
-    options.truncate(true).write(true).create(true);
-    #[cfg(unix)]
-    {
-        options.mode(0o600);
-    }
-    let mut file = options.open(auth_file)?;
-    file.write_all(json_data.as_bytes())?;
-    file.flush()?;
-    Ok(())
-}
-
 async fn update_tokens(
-    auth_file: &Path,
-    id_token: String,
+    storage: &Arc<dyn AuthStorageBackend>,
+    id_token: Option<String>,
     access_token: Option<String>,
     refresh_token: Option<String>,
 ) -> std::io::Result<AuthDotJson> {
-    let mut auth_dot_json = try_read_auth_json(auth_file)?;
+    let mut auth_dot_json = storage
+        .load()?
+        .ok_or(std::io::Error::other("Token data is not available."))?;
 
     let tokens = auth_dot_json.tokens.get_or_insert_with(TokenData::default);
-    tokens.id_token = parse_id_token(&id_token).map_err(std::io::Error::other)?;
+    if let Some(id_token) = id_token {
+        tokens.id_token = parse_id_token(&id_token).map_err(std::io::Error::other)?;
+    }
     if let Some(access_token) = access_token {
         tokens.access_token = access_token;
     }
@@ -397,14 +496,14 @@ async fn update_tokens(
         tokens.refresh_token = refresh_token;
     }
     auth_dot_json.last_refresh = Some(Utc::now());
-    write_auth_json(auth_file, &auth_dot_json)?;
+    storage.save(&auth_dot_json)?;
     Ok(auth_dot_json)
 }
 
 async fn try_refresh_token(
     refresh_token: String,
     client: &CodexHttpClient,
-) -> std::io::Result<RefreshResponse> {
+) -> Result<RefreshResponse, RefreshTokenError> {
     let refresh_request = RefreshRequest {
         client_id: CLIENT_ID,
         grant_type: "refresh_token",
@@ -412,29 +511,93 @@ async fn try_refresh_token(
         scope: "openid profile email",
     };
 
+    let endpoint = refresh_token_endpoint();
+
     // Use shared client factory to include standard headers
     let response = client
-        .post("https://auth.openai.com/oauth/token")
+        .post(endpoint.as_str())
         .header("Content-Type", "application/json")
         .json(&refresh_request)
         .send()
         .await
-        .map_err(std::io::Error::other)?;
+        .map_err(|err| RefreshTokenError::Transient(std::io::Error::other(err)))?;
 
-    if response.status().is_success() {
+    let status = response.status();
+    if status.is_success() {
         let refresh_response = response
             .json::<RefreshResponse>()
             .await
-            .map_err(std::io::Error::other)?;
+            .map_err(|err| RefreshTokenError::Transient(std::io::Error::other(err)))?;
         Ok(refresh_response)
     } else {
-        Err(std::io::Error::other(format!(
-            "Failed to refresh token: {}",
-            response.status()
-        )))
+        let body = response.text().await.unwrap_or_default();
+        if status == StatusCode::UNAUTHORIZED {
+            let failed = classify_refresh_token_failure(&body);
+            Err(RefreshTokenError::Permanent(failed))
+        } else {
+            let message = try_parse_error_message(&body);
+            Err(RefreshTokenError::Transient(std::io::Error::other(
+                format!("Failed to refresh token: {status}: {message}"),
+            )))
+        }
     }
 }
 
+fn classify_refresh_token_failure(body: &str) -> RefreshTokenFailedError {
+    let code = extract_refresh_token_error_code(body);
+
+    let normalized_code = code.as_deref().map(str::to_ascii_lowercase);
+    let reason = match normalized_code.as_deref() {
+        Some("refresh_token_expired") => RefreshTokenFailedReason::Expired,
+        Some("refresh_token_reused") => RefreshTokenFailedReason::Exhausted,
+        Some("refresh_token_invalidated") => RefreshTokenFailedReason::Revoked,
+        _ => RefreshTokenFailedReason::Other,
+    };
+
+    if reason == RefreshTokenFailedReason::Other {
+        tracing::warn!(
+            backend_code = normalized_code.as_deref(),
+            backend_body = body,
+            "Encountered unknown 401 response while refreshing token"
+        );
+    }
+
+    let message = match reason {
+        RefreshTokenFailedReason::Expired => REFRESH_TOKEN_EXPIRED_MESSAGE.to_string(),
+        RefreshTokenFailedReason::Exhausted => REFRESH_TOKEN_REUSED_MESSAGE.to_string(),
+        RefreshTokenFailedReason::Revoked => REFRESH_TOKEN_INVALIDATED_MESSAGE.to_string(),
+        RefreshTokenFailedReason::Other => REFRESH_TOKEN_UNKNOWN_MESSAGE.to_string(),
+    };
+
+    RefreshTokenFailedError::new(reason, message)
+}
+
+fn extract_refresh_token_error_code(body: &str) -> Option<String> {
+    if body.trim().is_empty() {
+        return None;
+    }
+
+    let Value::Object(map) = serde_json::from_str::<Value>(body).ok()? else {
+        return None;
+    };
+
+    if let Some(error_value) = map.get("error") {
+        match error_value {
+            Value::Object(obj) => {
+                if let Some(code) = obj.get("code").and_then(Value::as_str) {
+                    return Some(code.to_string());
+                }
+            }
+            Value::String(code) => {
+                return Some(code.to_string());
+            }
+            _ => {}
+        }
+    }
+
+    map.get("code").and_then(Value::as_str).map(str::to_string)
+}
+
 #[derive(Serialize)]
 struct RefreshRequest {
     client_id: &'static str,
@@ -445,27 +608,19 @@ struct RefreshRequest {
 
 #[derive(Deserialize, Clone)]
 struct RefreshResponse {
-    id_token: String,
+    id_token: Option<String>,
     access_token: Option<String>,
     refresh_token: Option<String>,
 }
 
-/// Expected structure for $CODEX_HOME/auth.json.
-#[derive(Deserialize, Serialize, Clone, Debug, PartialEq)]
-pub struct AuthDotJson {
-    #[serde(rename = "OPENAI_API_KEY")]
-    pub openai_api_key: Option<String>,
-
-    #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
-    pub tokens: Option<TokenData>,
-
-    #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
-    pub last_refresh: Option<DateTime<Utc>>,
-}
-
 // Shared constant for token refresh (client id used for oauth token refresh flow)
 pub const CLIENT_ID: &str = "app_EMoamEEZ73f0CkXaXp7hrann";
 
+fn refresh_token_endpoint() -> String {
+    std::env::var(REFRESH_TOKEN_URL_OVERRIDE_ENV_VAR)
+        .unwrap_or_else(|_| REFRESH_TOKEN_URL.to_string())
+}
+
 use std::sync::RwLock;
 
 /// Internal cached auth state.
@@ -477,12 +632,16 @@ struct CachedAuth {
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
     use super::*;
+    use crate::auth::storage::FileAuthStorage;
+    use crate::auth::storage::get_auth_file;
     use crate::config::Config;
     use crate::config::ConfigOverrides;
     use crate::config::ConfigToml;
     use crate::token_data::IdTokenInfo;
-    use crate::token_data::KnownPlan;
-    use crate::token_data::PlanType;
+    use crate::token_data::KnownPlan as InternalKnownPlan;
+    use crate::token_data::PlanType as InternalPlanType;
+    use codex_protocol::account::PlanType as AccountPlanType;
+
     use base64::Engine;
     use codex_protocol::config_types::ForcedLoginMethod;
     use pretty_assertions::assert_eq;
@@ -491,9 +650,9 @@ mod tests {
     use tempfile::tempdir;
 
     #[tokio::test]
-    async fn roundtrip_auth_dot_json() {
+    async fn refresh_without_id_token() {
         let codex_home = tempdir().unwrap();
-        let _ = write_auth_file(
+        let fake_jwt = write_auth_file(
             AuthFileParams {
                 openai_api_key: None,
                 chatgpt_plan_type: "pro".to_string(),
@@ -503,12 +662,23 @@ mod tests {
         )
         .expect("failed to write auth file");
 
-        let file = get_auth_file(codex_home.path());
-        let auth_dot_json = try_read_auth_json(&file).unwrap();
-        write_auth_json(&file, &auth_dot_json).unwrap();
+        let storage = create_auth_storage(
+            codex_home.path().to_path_buf(),
+            AuthCredentialsStoreMode::File,
+        );
+        let updated = super::update_tokens(
+            &storage,
+            None,
+            Some("new-access-token".to_string()),
+            Some("new-refresh-token".to_string()),
+        )
+        .await
+        .expect("update_tokens should succeed");
 
-        let same_auth_dot_json = try_read_auth_json(&file).unwrap();
-        assert_eq!(auth_dot_json, same_auth_dot_json);
+        let tokens = updated.tokens.expect("tokens should exist");
+        assert_eq!(tokens.id_token.raw_jwt, fake_jwt);
+        assert_eq!(tokens.access_token, "new-access-token");
+        assert_eq!(tokens.refresh_token, "new-refresh-token");
     }
 
     #[test]
@@ -530,9 +700,13 @@ mod tests {
         )
         .unwrap();
 
-        super::login_with_api_key(dir.path(), "sk-new").expect("login_with_api_key should succeed");
+        super::login_with_api_key(dir.path(), "sk-new", AuthCredentialsStoreMode::File)
+            .expect("login_with_api_key should succeed");
 
-        let auth = super::try_read_auth_json(&auth_path).expect("auth.json should parse");
+        let storage = FileAuthStorage::new(dir.path().to_path_buf());
+        let auth = storage
+            .try_read_auth_json(&auth_path)
+            .expect("auth.json should parse");
         assert_eq!(auth.openai_api_key.as_deref(), Some("sk-new"));
         assert!(auth.tokens.is_none(), "tokens should be cleared");
     }
@@ -540,7 +714,8 @@ mod tests {
     #[test]
     fn missing_auth_json_returns_none() {
         let dir = tempdir().unwrap();
-        let auth = CodexAuth::from_codex_home(dir.path()).expect("call should succeed");
+        let auth = CodexAuth::from_auth_storage(dir.path(), AuthCredentialsStoreMode::File)
+            .expect("call should succeed");
         assert_eq!(auth, None);
     }
 
@@ -562,9 +737,11 @@ mod tests {
             api_key,
             mode,
             auth_dot_json,
-            auth_file: _,
+            storage: _,
             ..
-        } = super::load_auth(codex_home.path(), false).unwrap().unwrap();
+        } = super::load_auth(codex_home.path(), false, AuthCredentialsStoreMode::File)
+            .unwrap()
+            .unwrap();
         assert_eq!(None, api_key);
         assert_eq!(AuthMode::ChatGPT, mode);
 
@@ -580,7 +757,7 @@ mod tests {
                 tokens: Some(TokenData {
                     id_token: IdTokenInfo {
                         email: Some("user@example.com".to_string()),
-                        chatgpt_plan_type: Some(PlanType::Known(KnownPlan::Pro)),
+                        chatgpt_plan_type: Some(InternalPlanType::Known(InternalKnownPlan::Pro)),
                         chatgpt_account_id: None,
                         raw_jwt: fake_jwt,
                     },
@@ -605,7 +782,9 @@ mod tests {
         )
         .unwrap();
 
-        let auth = super::load_auth(dir.path(), false).unwrap().unwrap();
+        let auth = super::load_auth(dir.path(), false, AuthCredentialsStoreMode::File)
+            .unwrap()
+            .unwrap();
         assert_eq!(auth.mode, AuthMode::ApiKey);
         assert_eq!(auth.api_key, Some("sk-test-key".to_string()));
 
@@ -620,11 +799,11 @@ mod tests {
             tokens: None,
             last_refresh: None,
         };
-        write_auth_json(&get_auth_file(dir.path()), &auth_dot_json)?;
-        assert!(dir.path().join("auth.json").exists());
-        let removed = logout(dir.path())?;
-        assert!(removed);
-        assert!(!dir.path().join("auth.json").exists());
+        super::save_auth(dir.path(), &auth_dot_json, AuthCredentialsStoreMode::File)?;
+        let auth_file = get_auth_file(dir.path());
+        assert!(auth_file.exists());
+        assert!(logout(dir.path(), AuthCredentialsStoreMode::File)?);
+        assert!(!auth_file.exists());
         Ok(())
     }
 
@@ -732,7 +911,8 @@ mod tests {
     #[tokio::test]
     async fn enforce_login_restrictions_logs_out_for_method_mismatch() {
         let codex_home = tempdir().unwrap();
-        login_with_api_key(codex_home.path(), "sk-test").expect("seed api key");
+        login_with_api_key(codex_home.path(), "sk-test", AuthCredentialsStoreMode::File)
+            .expect("seed api key");
 
         let config = build_config(codex_home.path(), Some(ForcedLoginMethod::Chatgpt), None);
 
@@ -801,7 +981,8 @@ mod tests {
     async fn enforce_login_restrictions_allows_api_key_if_login_method_not_set_but_forced_chatgpt_workspace_id_is_set()
      {
         let codex_home = tempdir().unwrap();
-        login_with_api_key(codex_home.path(), "sk-test").expect("seed api key");
+        login_with_api_key(codex_home.path(), "sk-test", AuthCredentialsStoreMode::File)
+            .expect("seed api key");
 
         let config = build_config(codex_home.path(), None, Some("org_mine".to_string()));
 
@@ -830,6 +1011,54 @@ mod tests {
                 .contains("ChatGPT login is required, but an API key is currently being used.")
         );
     }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn plan_type_maps_known_plan() {
+        let codex_home = tempdir().unwrap();
+        let _jwt = write_auth_file(
+            AuthFileParams {
+                openai_api_key: None,
+                chatgpt_plan_type: "pro".to_string(),
+                chatgpt_account_id: None,
+            },
+            codex_home.path(),
+        )
+        .expect("failed to write auth file");
+
+        let auth = super::load_auth(codex_home.path(), false, AuthCredentialsStoreMode::File)
+            .expect("load auth")
+            .expect("auth available");
+
+        pretty_assertions::assert_eq!(auth.account_plan_type(), Some(AccountPlanType::Pro));
+        pretty_assertions::assert_eq!(
+            auth.get_plan_type(),
+            Some(InternalPlanType::Known(InternalKnownPlan::Pro))
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn plan_type_maps_unknown_to_unknown() {
+        let codex_home = tempdir().unwrap();
+        let _jwt = write_auth_file(
+            AuthFileParams {
+                openai_api_key: None,
+                chatgpt_plan_type: "mystery-tier".to_string(),
+                chatgpt_account_id: None,
+            },
+            codex_home.path(),
+        )
+        .expect("failed to write auth file");
+
+        let auth = super::load_auth(codex_home.path(), false, AuthCredentialsStoreMode::File)
+            .expect("load auth")
+            .expect("auth available");
+
+        pretty_assertions::assert_eq!(auth.account_plan_type(), Some(AccountPlanType::Unknown));
+        pretty_assertions::assert_eq!(
+            auth.get_plan_type(),
+            Some(InternalPlanType::Unknown("mystery-tier".to_string()))
+        );
+    }
 }
 
 /// Central manager providing a single source of truth for auth.json derived
@@ -845,6 +1074,7 @@ pub struct AuthManager {
     codex_home: PathBuf,
     inner: RwLock<CachedAuth>,
     enable_codex_api_key_env: bool,
+    auth_credentials_store_mode: AuthCredentialsStoreMode,
 }
 
 impl AuthManager {
@@ -852,14 +1082,23 @@ impl AuthManager {
     /// preferred auth method. Errors loading auth are swallowed; `auth()` will
     /// simply return `None` in that case so callers can treat it as an
     /// unauthenticated state.
-    pub fn new(codex_home: PathBuf, enable_codex_api_key_env: bool) -> Self {
-        let auth = load_auth(&codex_home, enable_codex_api_key_env)
-            .ok()
-            .flatten();
+    pub fn new(
+        codex_home: PathBuf,
+        enable_codex_api_key_env: bool,
+        auth_credentials_store_mode: AuthCredentialsStoreMode,
+    ) -> Self {
+        let auth = load_auth(
+            &codex_home,
+            enable_codex_api_key_env,
+            auth_credentials_store_mode,
+        )
+        .ok()
+        .flatten();
         Self {
             codex_home,
             inner: RwLock::new(CachedAuth { auth }),
             enable_codex_api_key_env,
+            auth_credentials_store_mode,
         }
     }
 
@@ -870,6 +1109,7 @@ impl AuthManager {
             codex_home: PathBuf::new(),
             inner: RwLock::new(cached),
             enable_codex_api_key_env: false,
+            auth_credentials_store_mode: AuthCredentialsStoreMode::File,
         })
     }
 
@@ -881,9 +1121,13 @@ impl AuthManager {
     /// Force a reload of the auth information from auth.json. Returns
     /// whether the auth value changed.
     pub fn reload(&self) -> bool {
-        let new_auth = load_auth(&self.codex_home, self.enable_codex_api_key_env)
-            .ok()
-            .flatten();
+        let new_auth = load_auth(
+            &self.codex_home,
+            self.enable_codex_api_key_env,
+            self.auth_credentials_store_mode,
+        )
+        .ok()
+        .flatten();
         if let Ok(mut guard) = self.inner.write() {
             let changed = !AuthManager::auths_equal(&guard.auth, &new_auth);
             guard.auth = new_auth;
@@ -902,13 +1146,23 @@ impl AuthManager {
     }
 
     /// Convenience constructor returning an `Arc` wrapper.
-    pub fn shared(codex_home: PathBuf, enable_codex_api_key_env: bool) -> Arc<Self> {
-        Arc::new(Self::new(codex_home, enable_codex_api_key_env))
+    pub fn shared(
+        codex_home: PathBuf,
+        enable_codex_api_key_env: bool,
+        auth_credentials_store_mode: AuthCredentialsStoreMode,
+    ) -> Arc<Self> {
+        Arc::new(Self::new(
+            codex_home,
+            enable_codex_api_key_env,
+            auth_credentials_store_mode,
+        ))
     }
 
     /// Attempt to refresh the current auth token (if any). On success, reload
     /// the auth state from disk so other components observe refreshed token.
-    pub async fn refresh_token(&self) -> std::io::Result<Option<String>> {
+    /// If the token refresh fails in a permanent (non‑transient) way, logs out
+    /// to clear invalid auth state.
+    pub async fn refresh_token(&self) -> Result<Option<String>, RefreshTokenError> {
         let auth = match self.auth() {
             Some(a) => a,
             None => return Ok(None),
@@ -931,7 +1185,7 @@ impl AuthManager {
     /// reloads the in‑memory auth cache so callers immediately observe the
     /// unauthenticated state.
     pub fn logout(&self) -> std::io::Result<bool> {
-        let removed = super::auth::logout(&self.codex_home)?;
+        let removed = super::auth::logout(&self.codex_home, self.auth_credentials_store_mode)?;
         // Always reload to clear any cached auth (even if file absent).
         self.reload();
         Ok(removed)

codex-rs/core/src/auth/storage.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,672 @@
+use chrono::DateTime;
+use chrono::Utc;
+use serde::Deserialize;
+use serde::Serialize;
+use sha2::Digest;
+use sha2::Sha256;
+use std::fmt::Debug;
+use std::fs::File;
+use std::fs::OpenOptions;
+use std::io::Read;
+use std::io::Write;
+#[cfg(unix)]
+use std::os::unix::fs::OpenOptionsExt;
+use std::path::Path;
+use std::path::PathBuf;
+use std::sync::Arc;
+use tracing::warn;
+
+use crate::token_data::TokenData;
+use codex_keyring_store::DefaultKeyringStore;
+use codex_keyring_store::KeyringStore;
+
+/// Determine where Codex should store CLI auth credentials.
+#[derive(Debug, Default, Copy, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "lowercase")]
+pub enum AuthCredentialsStoreMode {
+    #[default]
+    /// Persist credentials in CODEX_HOME/auth.json.
+    File,
+    /// Persist credentials in the keyring. Fail if unavailable.
+    Keyring,
+    /// Use keyring when available; otherwise, fall back to a file in CODEX_HOME.
+    Auto,
+}
+
+/// Expected structure for $CODEX_HOME/auth.json.
+#[derive(Deserialize, Serialize, Clone, Debug, PartialEq)]
+pub struct AuthDotJson {
+    #[serde(rename = "OPENAI_API_KEY")]
+    pub openai_api_key: Option<String>,
+
+    #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+    pub tokens: Option<TokenData>,
+
+    #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+    pub last_refresh: Option<DateTime<Utc>>,
+}
+
+pub(super) fn get_auth_file(codex_home: &Path) -> PathBuf {
+    codex_home.join("auth.json")
+}
+
+pub(super) fn delete_file_if_exists(codex_home: &Path) -> std::io::Result<bool> {
+    let auth_file = get_auth_file(codex_home);
+    match std::fs::remove_file(&auth_file) {
+        Ok(()) => Ok(true),
+        Err(err) if err.kind() == std::io::ErrorKind::NotFound => Ok(false),
+        Err(err) => Err(err),
+    }
+}
+
+pub(super) trait AuthStorageBackend: Debug + Send + Sync {
+    fn load(&self) -> std::io::Result<Option<AuthDotJson>>;
+    fn save(&self, auth: &AuthDotJson) -> std::io::Result<()>;
+    fn delete(&self) -> std::io::Result<bool>;
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
+pub(super) struct FileAuthStorage {
+    codex_home: PathBuf,
+}
+
+impl FileAuthStorage {
+    pub(super) fn new(codex_home: PathBuf) -> Self {
+        Self { codex_home }
+    }
+
+    /// Attempt to read and refresh the `auth.json` file in the given `CODEX_HOME` directory.
+    /// Returns the full AuthDotJson structure after refreshing if necessary.
+    pub(super) fn try_read_auth_json(&self, auth_file: &Path) -> std::io::Result<AuthDotJson> {
+        let mut file = File::open(auth_file)?;
+        let mut contents = String::new();
+        file.read_to_string(&mut contents)?;
+        let auth_dot_json: AuthDotJson = serde_json::from_str(&contents)?;
+
+        Ok(auth_dot_json)
+    }
+}
+
+impl AuthStorageBackend for FileAuthStorage {
+    fn load(&self) -> std::io::Result<Option<AuthDotJson>> {
+        let auth_file = get_auth_file(&self.codex_home);
+        let auth_dot_json = match self.try_read_auth_json(&auth_file) {
+            Ok(auth) => auth,
+            Err(err) if err.kind() == std::io::ErrorKind::NotFound => return Ok(None),
+            Err(err) => return Err(err),
+        };
+        Ok(Some(auth_dot_json))
+    }
+
+    fn save(&self, auth_dot_json: &AuthDotJson) -> std::io::Result<()> {
+        let auth_file = get_auth_file(&self.codex_home);
+
+        if let Some(parent) = auth_file.parent() {
+            std::fs::create_dir_all(parent)?;
+        }
+        let json_data = serde_json::to_string_pretty(auth_dot_json)?;
+        let mut options = OpenOptions::new();
+        options.truncate(true).write(true).create(true);
+        #[cfg(unix)]
+        {
+            options.mode(0o600);
+        }
+        let mut file = options.open(auth_file)?;
+        file.write_all(json_data.as_bytes())?;
+        file.flush()?;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    fn delete(&self) -> std::io::Result<bool> {
+        delete_file_if_exists(&self.codex_home)
+    }
+}
+
+const KEYRING_SERVICE: &str = "Codex Auth";
+
+// turns codex_home path into a stable, short key string
+fn compute_store_key(codex_home: &Path) -> std::io::Result<String> {
+    let canonical = codex_home
+        .canonicalize()
+        .unwrap_or_else(|_| codex_home.to_path_buf());
+    let path_str = canonical.to_string_lossy();
+    let mut hasher = Sha256::new();
+    hasher.update(path_str.as_bytes());
+    let digest = hasher.finalize();
+    let hex = format!("{digest:x}");
+    let truncated = hex.get(..16).unwrap_or(&hex);
+    Ok(format!("cli|{truncated}"))
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
+struct KeyringAuthStorage {
+    codex_home: PathBuf,
+    keyring_store: Arc<dyn KeyringStore>,
+}
+
+impl KeyringAuthStorage {
+    fn new(codex_home: PathBuf, keyring_store: Arc<dyn KeyringStore>) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            codex_home,
+            keyring_store,
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn load_from_keyring(&self, key: &str) -> std::io::Result<Option<AuthDotJson>> {
+        match self.keyring_store.load(KEYRING_SERVICE, key) {
+            Ok(Some(serialized)) => serde_json::from_str(&serialized).map(Some).map_err(|err| {
+                std::io::Error::other(format!(
+                    "failed to deserialize CLI auth from keyring: {err}"
+                ))
+            }),
+            Ok(None) => Ok(None),
+            Err(error) => Err(std::io::Error::other(format!(
+                "failed to load CLI auth from keyring: {}",
+                error.message()
+            ))),
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn save_to_keyring(&self, key: &str, value: &str) -> std::io::Result<()> {
+        match self.keyring_store.save(KEYRING_SERVICE, key, value) {
+            Ok(()) => Ok(()),
+            Err(error) => {
+                let message = format!(
+                    "failed to write OAuth tokens to keyring: {}",
+                    error.message()
+                );
+                warn!("{message}");
+                Err(std::io::Error::other(message))
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl AuthStorageBackend for KeyringAuthStorage {
+    fn load(&self) -> std::io::Result<Option<AuthDotJson>> {
+        let key = compute_store_key(&self.codex_home)?;
+        self.load_from_keyring(&key)
+    }
+
+    fn save(&self, auth: &AuthDotJson) -> std::io::Result<()> {
+        let key = compute_store_key(&self.codex_home)?;
+        // Simpler error mapping per style: prefer method reference over closure
+        let serialized = serde_json::to_string(auth).map_err(std::io::Error::other)?;
+        self.save_to_keyring(&key, &serialized)?;
+        if let Err(err) = delete_file_if_exists(&self.codex_home) {
+            warn!("failed to remove CLI auth fallback file: {err}");
+        }
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    fn delete(&self) -> std::io::Result<bool> {
+        let key = compute_store_key(&self.codex_home)?;
+        let keyring_removed = self
+            .keyring_store
+            .delete(KEYRING_SERVICE, &key)
+            .map_err(|err| {
+                std::io::Error::other(format!("failed to delete auth from keyring: {err}"))
+            })?;
+        let file_removed = delete_file_if_exists(&self.codex_home)?;
+        Ok(keyring_removed || file_removed)
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
+struct AutoAuthStorage {
+    keyring_storage: Arc<KeyringAuthStorage>,
+    file_storage: Arc<FileAuthStorage>,
+}
+
+impl AutoAuthStorage {
+    fn new(codex_home: PathBuf, keyring_store: Arc<dyn KeyringStore>) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            keyring_storage: Arc::new(KeyringAuthStorage::new(codex_home.clone(), keyring_store)),
+            file_storage: Arc::new(FileAuthStorage::new(codex_home)),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl AuthStorageBackend for AutoAuthStorage {
+    fn load(&self) -> std::io::Result<Option<AuthDotJson>> {
+        match self.keyring_storage.load() {
+            Ok(Some(auth)) => Ok(Some(auth)),
+            Ok(None) => self.file_storage.load(),
+            Err(err) => {
+                warn!("failed to load CLI auth from keyring, falling back to file storage: {err}");
+                self.file_storage.load()
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn save(&self, auth: &AuthDotJson) -> std::io::Result<()> {
+        match self.keyring_storage.save(auth) {
+            Ok(()) => Ok(()),
+            Err(err) => {
+                warn!("failed to save auth to keyring, falling back to file storage: {err}");
+                self.file_storage.save(auth)
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn delete(&self) -> std::io::Result<bool> {
+        // Keyring storage will delete from disk as well
+        self.keyring_storage.delete()
+    }
+}
+
+pub(super) fn create_auth_storage(
+    codex_home: PathBuf,
+    mode: AuthCredentialsStoreMode,
+) -> Arc<dyn AuthStorageBackend> {
+    let keyring_store: Arc<dyn KeyringStore> = Arc::new(DefaultKeyringStore);
+    create_auth_storage_with_keyring_store(codex_home, mode, keyring_store)
+}
+
+fn create_auth_storage_with_keyring_store(
+    codex_home: PathBuf,
+    mode: AuthCredentialsStoreMode,
+    keyring_store: Arc<dyn KeyringStore>,
+) -> Arc<dyn AuthStorageBackend> {
+    match mode {
+        AuthCredentialsStoreMode::File => Arc::new(FileAuthStorage::new(codex_home)),
+        AuthCredentialsStoreMode::Keyring => {
+            Arc::new(KeyringAuthStorage::new(codex_home, keyring_store))
+        }
+        AuthCredentialsStoreMode::Auto => Arc::new(AutoAuthStorage::new(codex_home, keyring_store)),
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+    use crate::token_data::IdTokenInfo;
+    use anyhow::Context;
+    use base64::Engine;
+    use pretty_assertions::assert_eq;
+    use serde_json::json;
+    use tempfile::tempdir;
+
+    use codex_keyring_store::tests::MockKeyringStore;
+    use keyring::Error as KeyringError;
+
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn file_storage_load_returns_auth_dot_json() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+        let codex_home = tempdir()?;
+        let storage = FileAuthStorage::new(codex_home.path().to_path_buf());
+        let auth_dot_json = AuthDotJson {
+            openai_api_key: Some("test-key".to_string()),
+            tokens: None,
+            last_refresh: Some(Utc::now()),
+        };
+
+        storage
+            .save(&auth_dot_json)
+            .context("failed to save auth file")?;
+
+        let loaded = storage.load().context("failed to load auth file")?;
+        assert_eq!(Some(auth_dot_json), loaded);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn file_storage_save_persists_auth_dot_json() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+        let codex_home = tempdir()?;
+        let storage = FileAuthStorage::new(codex_home.path().to_path_buf());
+        let auth_dot_json = AuthDotJson {
+            openai_api_key: Some("test-key".to_string()),
+            tokens: None,
+            last_refresh: Some(Utc::now()),
+        };
+
+        let file = get_auth_file(codex_home.path());
+        storage
+            .save(&auth_dot_json)
+            .context("failed to save auth file")?;
+
+        let same_auth_dot_json = storage
+            .try_read_auth_json(&file)
+            .context("failed to read auth file after save")?;
+        assert_eq!(auth_dot_json, same_auth_dot_json);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn file_storage_delete_removes_auth_file() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+        let dir = tempdir()?;
+        let auth_dot_json = AuthDotJson {
+            openai_api_key: Some("sk-test-key".to_string()),
+            tokens: None,
+            last_refresh: None,
+        };
+        let storage = create_auth_storage(dir.path().to_path_buf(), AuthCredentialsStoreMode::File);
+        storage.save(&auth_dot_json)?;
+        assert!(dir.path().join("auth.json").exists());
+        let storage = FileAuthStorage::new(dir.path().to_path_buf());
+        let removed = storage.delete()?;
+        assert!(removed);
+        assert!(!dir.path().join("auth.json").exists());
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    fn seed_keyring_and_fallback_auth_file_for_delete<F>(
+        mock_keyring: &MockKeyringStore,
+        codex_home: &Path,
+        compute_key: F,
+    ) -> anyhow::Result<(String, PathBuf)>
+    where
+        F: FnOnce() -> std::io::Result<String>,
+    {
+        let key = compute_key()?;
+        mock_keyring.save(KEYRING_SERVICE, &key, "{}")?;
+        let auth_file = get_auth_file(codex_home);
+        std::fs::write(&auth_file, "stale")?;
+        Ok((key, auth_file))
+    }
+
+    fn seed_keyring_with_auth<F>(
+        mock_keyring: &MockKeyringStore,
+        compute_key: F,
+        auth: &AuthDotJson,
+    ) -> anyhow::Result<()>
+    where
+        F: FnOnce() -> std::io::Result<String>,
+    {
+        let key = compute_key()?;
+        let serialized = serde_json::to_string(auth)?;
+        mock_keyring.save(KEYRING_SERVICE, &key, &serialized)?;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    fn assert_keyring_saved_auth_and_removed_fallback(
+        mock_keyring: &MockKeyringStore,
+        key: &str,
+        codex_home: &Path,
+        expected: &AuthDotJson,
+    ) {
+        let saved_value = mock_keyring
+            .saved_value(key)
+            .expect("keyring entry should exist");
+        let expected_serialized = serde_json::to_string(expected).expect("serialize expected auth");
+        assert_eq!(saved_value, expected_serialized);
+        let auth_file = get_auth_file(codex_home);
+        assert!(
+            !auth_file.exists(),
+            "fallback auth.json should be removed after keyring save"
+        );
+    }
+
+    fn id_token_with_prefix(prefix: &str) -> IdTokenInfo {
+        #[derive(Serialize)]
+        struct Header {
+            alg: &'static str,
+            typ: &'static str,
+        }
+
+        let header = Header {
+            alg: "none",
+            typ: "JWT",
+        };
+        let payload = json!({
+            "email": format!("{prefix}@example.com"),
+            "https://api.openai.com/auth": {
+                "chatgpt_account_id": format!("{prefix}-account"),
+            },
+        });
+        let encode = |bytes: &[u8]| base64::engine::general_purpose::URL_SAFE_NO_PAD.encode(bytes);
+        let header_b64 = encode(&serde_json::to_vec(&header).expect("serialize header"));
+        let payload_b64 = encode(&serde_json::to_vec(&payload).expect("serialize payload"));
+        let signature_b64 = encode(b"sig");
+        let fake_jwt = format!("{header_b64}.{payload_b64}.{signature_b64}");
+
+        crate::token_data::parse_id_token(&fake_jwt).expect("fake JWT should parse")
+    }
+
+    fn auth_with_prefix(prefix: &str) -> AuthDotJson {
+        AuthDotJson {
+            openai_api_key: Some(format!("{prefix}-api-key")),
+            tokens: Some(TokenData {
+                id_token: id_token_with_prefix(prefix),
+                access_token: format!("{prefix}-access"),
+                refresh_token: format!("{prefix}-refresh"),
+                account_id: Some(format!("{prefix}-account-id")),
+            }),
+            last_refresh: None,
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn keyring_auth_storage_load_returns_deserialized_auth() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+        let codex_home = tempdir()?;
+        let mock_keyring = MockKeyringStore::default();
+        let storage = KeyringAuthStorage::new(
+            codex_home.path().to_path_buf(),
+            Arc::new(mock_keyring.clone()),
+        );
+        let expected = AuthDotJson {
+            openai_api_key: Some("sk-test".to_string()),
+            tokens: None,
+            last_refresh: None,
+        };
+        seed_keyring_with_auth(
+            &mock_keyring,
+            || compute_store_key(codex_home.path()),
+            &expected,
+        )?;
+
+        let loaded = storage.load()?;
+        assert_eq!(Some(expected), loaded);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn keyring_auth_storage_compute_store_key_for_home_directory() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+        let codex_home = PathBuf::from("~/.codex");
+
+        let key = compute_store_key(codex_home.as_path())?;
+
+        assert_eq!(key, "cli|940db7b1d0e4eb40");
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn keyring_auth_storage_save_persists_and_removes_fallback_file() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+        let codex_home = tempdir()?;
+        let mock_keyring = MockKeyringStore::default();
+        let storage = KeyringAuthStorage::new(
+            codex_home.path().to_path_buf(),
+            Arc::new(mock_keyring.clone()),
+        );
+        let auth_file = get_auth_file(codex_home.path());
+        std::fs::write(&auth_file, "stale")?;
+        let auth = AuthDotJson {
+            openai_api_key: None,
+            tokens: Some(TokenData {
+                id_token: Default::default(),
+                access_token: "access".to_string(),
+                refresh_token: "refresh".to_string(),
+                account_id: Some("account".to_string()),
+            }),
+            last_refresh: Some(Utc::now()),
+        };
+
+        storage.save(&auth)?;
+
+        let key = compute_store_key(codex_home.path())?;
+        assert_keyring_saved_auth_and_removed_fallback(
+            &mock_keyring,
+            &key,
+            codex_home.path(),
+            &auth,
+        );
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn keyring_auth_storage_delete_removes_keyring_and_file() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+        let codex_home = tempdir()?;
+        let mock_keyring = MockKeyringStore::default();
+        let storage = KeyringAuthStorage::new(
+            codex_home.path().to_path_buf(),
+            Arc::new(mock_keyring.clone()),
+        );
+        let (key, auth_file) = seed_keyring_and_fallback_auth_file_for_delete(
+            &mock_keyring,
+            codex_home.path(),
+            || compute_store_key(codex_home.path()),
+        )?;
+
+        let removed = storage.delete()?;
+
+        assert!(removed, "delete should report removal");
+        assert!(
+            !mock_keyring.contains(&key),
+            "keyring entry should be removed"
+        );
+        assert!(
+            !auth_file.exists(),
+            "fallback auth.json should be removed after keyring delete"
+        );
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn auto_auth_storage_load_prefers_keyring_value() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+        let codex_home = tempdir()?;
+        let mock_keyring = MockKeyringStore::default();
+        let storage = AutoAuthStorage::new(
+            codex_home.path().to_path_buf(),
+            Arc::new(mock_keyring.clone()),
+        );
+        let keyring_auth = auth_with_prefix("keyring");
+        seed_keyring_with_auth(
+            &mock_keyring,
+            || compute_store_key(codex_home.path()),
+            &keyring_auth,
+        )?;
+
+        let file_auth = auth_with_prefix("file");
+        storage.file_storage.save(&file_auth)?;
+
+        let loaded = storage.load()?;
+        assert_eq!(loaded, Some(keyring_auth));
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn auto_auth_storage_load_uses_file_when_keyring_empty() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+        let codex_home = tempdir()?;
+        let mock_keyring = MockKeyringStore::default();
+        let storage = AutoAuthStorage::new(codex_home.path().to_path_buf(), Arc::new(mock_keyring));
+
+        let expected = auth_with_prefix("file-only");
+        storage.file_storage.save(&expected)?;
+
+        let loaded = storage.load()?;
+        assert_eq!(loaded, Some(expected));
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn auto_auth_storage_load_falls_back_when_keyring_errors() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+        let codex_home = tempdir()?;
+        let mock_keyring = MockKeyringStore::default();
+        let storage = AutoAuthStorage::new(
+            codex_home.path().to_path_buf(),
+            Arc::new(mock_keyring.clone()),
+        );
+        let key = compute_store_key(codex_home.path())?;
+        mock_keyring.set_error(&key, KeyringError::Invalid("error".into(), "load".into()));
+
+        let expected = auth_with_prefix("fallback");
+        storage.file_storage.save(&expected)?;
+
+        let loaded = storage.load()?;
+        assert_eq!(loaded, Some(expected));
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn auto_auth_storage_save_prefers_keyring() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+        let codex_home = tempdir()?;
+        let mock_keyring = MockKeyringStore::default();
+        let storage = AutoAuthStorage::new(
+            codex_home.path().to_path_buf(),
+            Arc::new(mock_keyring.clone()),
+        );
+        let key = compute_store_key(codex_home.path())?;
+
+        let stale = auth_with_prefix("stale");
+        storage.file_storage.save(&stale)?;
+
+        let expected = auth_with_prefix("to-save");
+        storage.save(&expected)?;
+
+        assert_keyring_saved_auth_and_removed_fallback(
+            &mock_keyring,
+            &key,
+            codex_home.path(),
+            &expected,
+        );
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn auto_auth_storage_save_falls_back_when_keyring_errors() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+        let codex_home = tempdir()?;
+        let mock_keyring = MockKeyringStore::default();
+        let storage = AutoAuthStorage::new(
+            codex_home.path().to_path_buf(),
+            Arc::new(mock_keyring.clone()),
+        );
+        let key = compute_store_key(codex_home.path())?;
+        mock_keyring.set_error(&key, KeyringError::Invalid("error".into(), "save".into()));
+
+        let auth = auth_with_prefix("fallback");
+        storage.save(&auth)?;
+
+        let auth_file = get_auth_file(codex_home.path());
+        assert!(
+            auth_file.exists(),
+            "fallback auth.json should be created when keyring save fails"
+        );
+        let saved = storage
+            .file_storage
+            .load()?
+            .context("fallback auth should exist")?;
+        assert_eq!(saved, auth);
+        assert!(
+            mock_keyring.saved_value(&key).is_none(),
+            "keyring should not contain value when save fails"
+        );
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn auto_auth_storage_delete_removes_keyring_and_file() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+        let codex_home = tempdir()?;
+        let mock_keyring = MockKeyringStore::default();
+        let storage = AutoAuthStorage::new(
+            codex_home.path().to_path_buf(),
+            Arc::new(mock_keyring.clone()),
+        );
+        let (key, auth_file) = seed_keyring_and_fallback_auth_file_for_delete(
+            &mock_keyring,
+            codex_home.path(),
+            || compute_store_key(codex_home.path()),
+        )?;
+
+        let removed = storage.delete()?;
+
+        assert!(removed, "delete should report removal");
+        assert!(
+            !mock_keyring.contains(&key),
+            "keyring entry should be removed"
+        );
+        assert!(
+            !auth_file.exists(),
+            "fallback auth.json should be removed after delete"
+        );
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}

codex-rs/core/src/bash.rs

@@ -88,17 +88,33 @@ pub fn try_parse_word_only_commands_sequence(tree: &Tree, src: &str) -> Option<V
     Some(commands)
 }
 
+pub fn is_well_known_sh_shell(shell: &str) -> bool {
+    if shell == "bash" || shell == "zsh" {
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    let shell_name = std::path::Path::new(shell)
+        .file_name()
+        .and_then(|s| s.to_str())
+        .unwrap_or(shell);
+    matches!(shell_name, "bash" | "zsh")
+}
+
+pub fn extract_bash_command(command: &[String]) -> Option<(&str, &str)> {
+    let [shell, flag, script] = command else {
+        return None;
+    };
+    if !matches!(flag.as_str(), "-lc" | "-c") || !is_well_known_sh_shell(shell) {
+        return None;
+    }
+    Some((shell, script))
+}
+
 /// Returns the sequence of plain commands within a `bash -lc "..."` or
 /// `zsh -lc "..."` invocation when the script only contains word-only commands
 /// joined by safe operators.
 pub fn parse_shell_lc_plain_commands(command: &[String]) -> Option<Vec<Vec<String>>> {
-    let [shell, flag, script] = command else {
-        return None;
-    };
-
-    if flag != "-lc" || !(shell == "bash" || shell == "zsh") {
-        return None;
-    }
+    let (_, script) = extract_bash_command(command)?;
 
     let tree = try_parse_shell(script)?;
     try_parse_word_only_commands_sequence(&tree, script)

codex-rs/core/src/chat_completions.rs

@@ -17,8 +17,11 @@ use crate::util::backoff;
 use bytes::Bytes;
 use codex_otel::otel_event_manager::OtelEventManager;
 use codex_protocol::models::ContentItem;
+use codex_protocol::models::FunctionCallOutputContentItem;
 use codex_protocol::models::ReasoningItemContent;
 use codex_protocol::models::ResponseItem;
+use codex_protocol::protocol::SessionSource;
+use codex_protocol::protocol::SubAgentSource;
 use eventsource_stream::Eventsource;
 use futures::Stream;
 use futures::StreamExt;
@@ -40,6 +43,7 @@ pub(crate) async fn stream_chat_completions(
     client: &CodexHttpClient,
     provider: &ModelProviderInfo,
     otel_event_manager: &OtelEventManager,
+    session_source: &SessionSource,
 ) -> Result<ResponseStream> {
     if prompt.output_schema.is_some() {
         return Err(CodexErr::UnsupportedOperation(
@@ -76,6 +80,7 @@ pub(crate) async fn stream_chat_completions(
             ResponseItem::CustomToolCall { .. } => {}
             ResponseItem::CustomToolCallOutput { .. } => {}
             ResponseItem::WebSearchCall { .. } => {}
+            ResponseItem::GhostSnapshot { .. } => {}
         }
     }
 
@@ -158,16 +163,26 @@ pub(crate) async fn stream_chat_completions(
     for (idx, item) in input.iter().enumerate() {
         match item {
             ResponseItem::Message { role, content, .. } => {
+                // Build content either as a plain string (typical for assistant text)
+                // or as an array of content items when images are present (user/tool multimodal).
                 let mut text = String::new();
+                let mut items: Vec<serde_json::Value> = Vec::new();
+                let mut saw_image = false;
+
                 for c in content {
                     match c {
                         ContentItem::InputText { text: t }
                         | ContentItem::OutputText { text: t } => {
                             text.push_str(t);
+                            items.push(json!({"type":"text","text": t}));
+                        }
+                        ContentItem::InputImage { image_url } => {
+                            saw_image = true;
+                            items.push(json!({"type":"image_url","image_url": {"url": image_url}}));
                         }
-                        _ => {}
                     }
                 }
+
                 // Skip exact-duplicate assistant messages.
                 if role == "assistant" {
                     if let Some(prev) = &last_assistant_text
@@ -178,7 +193,17 @@ pub(crate) async fn stream_chat_completions(
                     last_assistant_text = Some(text.clone());
                 }
 
-                let mut msg = json!({"role": role, "content": text});
+                // For assistant messages, always send a plain string for compatibility.
+                // For user messages, if an image is present, send an array of content items.
+                let content_value = if role == "assistant" {
+                    json!(text)
+                } else if saw_image {
+                    json!(items)
+                } else {
+                    json!(text)
+                };
+
+                let mut msg = json!({"role": role, "content": content_value});
                 if role == "assistant"
                     && let Some(reasoning) = reasoning_by_anchor_index.get(&idx)
                     && let Some(obj) = msg.as_object_mut()
@@ -237,10 +262,29 @@ pub(crate) async fn stream_chat_completions(
                 messages.push(msg);
             }
             ResponseItem::FunctionCallOutput { call_id, output } => {
+                // Prefer structured content items when available (e.g., images)
+                // otherwise fall back to the legacy plain-string content.
+                let content_value = if let Some(items) = &output.content_items {
+                    let mapped: Vec<serde_json::Value> = items
+                        .iter()
+                        .map(|it| match it {
+                            FunctionCallOutputContentItem::InputText { text } => {
+                                json!({"type":"text","text": text})
+                            }
+                            FunctionCallOutputContentItem::InputImage { image_url } => {
+                                json!({"type":"image_url","image_url": {"url": image_url}})
+                            }
+                        })
+                        .collect();
+                    json!(mapped)
+                } else {
+                    json!(output.content)
+                };
+
                 messages.push(json!({
                     "role": "tool",
                     "tool_call_id": call_id,
-                    "content": output.content,
+                    "content": content_value,
                 }));
             }
             ResponseItem::CustomToolCall {
@@ -270,6 +314,10 @@ pub(crate) async fn stream_chat_completions(
                     "content": output,
                 }));
             }
+            ResponseItem::GhostSnapshot { .. } => {
+                // Ghost snapshots annotate history but are not sent to the model.
+                continue;
+            }
             ResponseItem::Reasoning { .. }
             | ResponseItem::WebSearchCall { .. }
             | ResponseItem::Other => {
@@ -298,7 +346,20 @@ pub(crate) async fn stream_chat_completions(
     loop {
         attempt += 1;
 
-        let req_builder = provider.create_request_builder(client, &None).await?;
+        let mut req_builder = provider.create_request_builder(client, &None).await?;
+
+        // Include subagent header only for subagent sessions.
+        if let SessionSource::SubAgent(sub) = session_source.clone() {
+            let subagent = if let SubAgentSource::Other(label) = sub {
+                label
+            } else {
+                serde_json::to_value(&sub)
+                    .ok()
+                    .and_then(|v| v.as_str().map(std::string::ToString::to_string))
+                    .unwrap_or_else(|| "other".to_string())
+            };
+            req_builder = req_builder.header("x-openai-subagent", subagent);
+        }
 
         let res = otel_event_manager
             .log_request(attempt, || {
@@ -368,6 +429,61 @@ pub(crate) async fn stream_chat_completions(
     }
 }
 
+async fn append_assistant_text(
+    tx_event: &mpsc::Sender<Result<ResponseEvent>>,
+    assistant_item: &mut Option<ResponseItem>,
+    text: String,
+) {
+    if assistant_item.is_none() {
+        let item = ResponseItem::Message {
+            id: None,
+            role: "assistant".to_string(),
+            content: vec![],
+        };
+        *assistant_item = Some(item.clone());
+        let _ = tx_event
+            .send(Ok(ResponseEvent::OutputItemAdded(item)))
+            .await;
+    }
+
+    if let Some(ResponseItem::Message { content, .. }) = assistant_item {
+        content.push(ContentItem::OutputText { text: text.clone() });
+        let _ = tx_event
+            .send(Ok(ResponseEvent::OutputTextDelta(text.clone())))
+            .await;
+    }
+}
+
+async fn append_reasoning_text(
+    tx_event: &mpsc::Sender<Result<ResponseEvent>>,
+    reasoning_item: &mut Option<ResponseItem>,
+    text: String,
+) {
+    if reasoning_item.is_none() {
+        let item = ResponseItem::Reasoning {
+            id: String::new(),
+            summary: Vec::new(),
+            content: Some(vec![]),
+            encrypted_content: None,
+        };
+        *reasoning_item = Some(item.clone());
+        let _ = tx_event
+            .send(Ok(ResponseEvent::OutputItemAdded(item)))
+            .await;
+    }
+
+    if let Some(ResponseItem::Reasoning {
+        content: Some(content),
+        ..
+    }) = reasoning_item
+    {
+        content.push(ReasoningItemContent::ReasoningText { text: text.clone() });
+
+        let _ = tx_event
+            .send(Ok(ResponseEvent::ReasoningContentDelta(text.clone())))
+            .await;
+    }
+}
 /// Lightweight SSE processor for the Chat Completions streaming format. The
 /// output is mapped onto Codex's internal [`ResponseEvent`] so that the rest
 /// of the pipeline can stay agnostic of the underlying wire format.
@@ -395,8 +511,8 @@ async fn process_chat_sse<S>(
     }
 
     let mut fn_call_state = FunctionCallState::default();
-    let mut assistant_text = String::new();
-    let mut reasoning_text = String::new();
+    let mut assistant_item: Option<ResponseItem> = None;
+    let mut reasoning_item: Option<ResponseItem> = None;
 
     loop {
         let start = std::time::Instant::now();
@@ -437,26 +553,11 @@ async fn process_chat_sse<S>(
         if sse.data.trim() == "[DONE]" {
             // Emit any finalized items before closing so downstream consumers receive
             // terminal events for both assistant content and raw reasoning.
-            if !assistant_text.is_empty() {
-                let item = ResponseItem::Message {
-                    role: "assistant".to_string(),
-                    content: vec![ContentItem::OutputText {
-                        text: std::mem::take(&mut assistant_text),
-                    }],
-                    id: None,
-                };
+            if let Some(item) = assistant_item {
                 let _ = tx_event.send(Ok(ResponseEvent::OutputItemDone(item))).await;
             }
 
-            if !reasoning_text.is_empty() {
-                let item = ResponseItem::Reasoning {
-                    id: String::new(),
-                    summary: Vec::new(),
-                    content: Some(vec![ReasoningItemContent::ReasoningText {
-                        text: std::mem::take(&mut reasoning_text),
-                    }]),
-                    encrypted_content: None,
-                };
+            if let Some(item) = reasoning_item {
                 let _ = tx_event.send(Ok(ResponseEvent::OutputItemDone(item))).await;
             }
 
@@ -486,10 +587,7 @@ async fn process_chat_sse<S>(
                 .and_then(|c| c.as_str())
                 && !content.is_empty()
             {
-                assistant_text.push_str(content);
-                let _ = tx_event
-                    .send(Ok(ResponseEvent::OutputTextDelta(content.to_string())))
-                    .await;
+                append_assistant_text(&tx_event, &mut assistant_item, content.to_string()).await;
             }
 
             // Forward any reasoning/thinking deltas if present.
@@ -519,10 +617,7 @@ async fn process_chat_sse<S>(
 
                 if let Some(reasoning) = maybe_text {
                     // Accumulate so we can emit a terminal Reasoning item at the end.
-                    reasoning_text.push_str(&reasoning);
-                    let _ = tx_event
-                        .send(Ok(ResponseEvent::ReasoningContentDelta(reasoning)))
-                        .await;
+                    append_reasoning_text(&tx_event, &mut reasoning_item, reasoning).await;
                 }
             }
 
@@ -532,10 +627,7 @@ async fn process_chat_sse<S>(
                 // Accept either a plain string or an object with { text | content }
                 if let Some(s) = message_reasoning.as_str() {
                     if !s.is_empty() {
-                        reasoning_text.push_str(s);
-                        let _ = tx_event
-                            .send(Ok(ResponseEvent::ReasoningContentDelta(s.to_string())))
-                            .await;
+                        append_reasoning_text(&tx_event, &mut reasoning_item, s.to_string()).await;
                     }
                 } else if let Some(obj) = message_reasoning.as_object()
                     && let Some(s) = obj
@@ -544,10 +636,7 @@ async fn process_chat_sse<S>(
                         .or_else(|| obj.get("content").and_then(|v| v.as_str()))
                     && !s.is_empty()
                 {
-                    reasoning_text.push_str(s);
-                    let _ = tx_event
-                        .send(Ok(ResponseEvent::ReasoningContentDelta(s.to_string())))
-                        .await;
+                    append_reasoning_text(&tx_event, &mut reasoning_item, s.to_string()).await;
                 }
             }
 
@@ -585,15 +674,7 @@ async fn process_chat_sse<S>(
                     "tool_calls" if fn_call_state.active => {
                         // First, flush the terminal raw reasoning so UIs can finalize
                         // the reasoning stream before any exec/tool events begin.
-                        if !reasoning_text.is_empty() {
-                            let item = ResponseItem::Reasoning {
-                                id: String::new(),
-                                summary: Vec::new(),
-                                content: Some(vec![ReasoningItemContent::ReasoningText {
-                                    text: std::mem::take(&mut reasoning_text),
-                                }]),
-                                encrypted_content: None,
-                            };
+                        if let Some(item) = reasoning_item.take() {
                             let _ = tx_event.send(Ok(ResponseEvent::OutputItemDone(item))).await;
                         }
 
@@ -610,26 +691,11 @@ async fn process_chat_sse<S>(
                     "stop" => {
                         // Regular turn without tool-call. Emit the final assistant message
                         // as a single OutputItemDone so non-delta consumers see the result.
-                        if !assistant_text.is_empty() {
-                            let item = ResponseItem::Message {
-                                role: "assistant".to_string(),
-                                content: vec![ContentItem::OutputText {
-                                    text: std::mem::take(&mut assistant_text),
-                                }],
-                                id: None,
-                            };
+                        if let Some(item) = assistant_item.take() {
                             let _ = tx_event.send(Ok(ResponseEvent::OutputItemDone(item))).await;
                         }
                         // Also emit a terminal Reasoning item so UIs can finalize raw reasoning.
-                        if !reasoning_text.is_empty() {
-                            let item = ResponseItem::Reasoning {
-                                id: String::new(),
-                                summary: Vec::new(),
-                                content: Some(vec![ReasoningItemContent::ReasoningText {
-                                    text: std::mem::take(&mut reasoning_text),
-                                }]),
-                                encrypted_content: None,
-                            };
+                        if let Some(item) = reasoning_item.take() {
                             let _ = tx_event.send(Ok(ResponseEvent::OutputItemDone(item))).await;
                         }
                     }
@@ -848,8 +914,8 @@ where
                 Poll::Ready(Some(Ok(ResponseEvent::ReasoningSummaryPartAdded))) => {
                     continue;
                 }
-                Poll::Ready(Some(Ok(ResponseEvent::WebSearchCallBegin { call_id }))) => {
-                    return Poll::Ready(Some(Ok(ResponseEvent::WebSearchCallBegin { call_id })));
+                Poll::Ready(Some(Ok(ResponseEvent::OutputItemAdded(item)))) => {
+                    return Poll::Ready(Some(Ok(ResponseEvent::OutputItemAdded(item))));
                 }
             }
         }

codex-rs/core/src/client.rs

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ use codex_protocol::ConversationId;
 use codex_protocol::config_types::ReasoningEffort as ReasoningEffortConfig;
 use codex_protocol::config_types::ReasoningSummary as ReasoningSummaryConfig;
 use codex_protocol::models::ResponseItem;
+use codex_protocol::protocol::SessionSource;
 use eventsource_stream::Eventsource;
 use futures::prelude::*;
 use regex_lite::Regex;
@@ -30,6 +31,7 @@ use tracing::warn;
 
 use crate::AuthManager;
 use crate::auth::CodexAuth;
+use crate::auth::RefreshTokenError;
 use crate::chat_completions::AggregateStreamExt;
 use crate::chat_completions::stream_chat_completions;
 use crate::client_common::Prompt;
@@ -56,7 +58,6 @@ use crate::openai_model_info::get_model_info;
 use crate::protocol::RateLimitSnapshot;
 use crate::protocol::RateLimitWindow;
 use crate::protocol::TokenUsage;
-use crate::state::TaskKind;
 use crate::token_data::PlanType;
 use crate::tools::spec::create_tools_json_for_responses_api;
 use crate::util::backoff;
@@ -87,8 +88,10 @@ pub struct ModelClient {
     conversation_id: ConversationId,
     effort: Option<ReasoningEffortConfig>,
     summary: ReasoningSummaryConfig,
+    session_source: SessionSource,
 }
 
+#[allow(clippy::too_many_arguments)]
 impl ModelClient {
     pub fn new(
         config: Arc<Config>,
@@ -98,6 +101,7 @@ impl ModelClient {
         effort: Option<ReasoningEffortConfig>,
         summary: ReasoningSummaryConfig,
         conversation_id: ConversationId,
+        session_source: SessionSource,
     ) -> Self {
         let client = create_client();
 
@@ -110,6 +114,7 @@ impl ModelClient {
             conversation_id,
             effort,
             summary,
+            session_source,
         }
     }
 
@@ -127,20 +132,17 @@ impl ModelClient {
         })
     }
 
-    /// Dispatches to either the Responses or Chat implementation depending on
-    /// the provider config.  Public callers always invoke `stream()` – the
-    /// specialised helpers are private to avoid accidental misuse.
-    pub async fn stream(&self, prompt: &Prompt) -> Result<ResponseStream> {
-        self.stream_with_task_kind(prompt, TaskKind::Regular).await
+    pub fn config(&self) -> Arc<Config> {
+        Arc::clone(&self.config)
     }
 
-    pub(crate) async fn stream_with_task_kind(
-        &self,
-        prompt: &Prompt,
-        task_kind: TaskKind,
-    ) -> Result<ResponseStream> {
+    pub fn provider(&self) -> &ModelProviderInfo {
+        &self.provider
+    }
+
+    pub async fn stream(&self, prompt: &Prompt) -> Result<ResponseStream> {
         match self.provider.wire_api {
-            WireApi::Responses => self.stream_responses(prompt, task_kind).await,
+            WireApi::Responses => self.stream_responses(prompt).await,
             WireApi::Chat => {
                 // Create the raw streaming connection first.
                 let response_stream = stream_chat_completions(
@@ -149,6 +151,7 @@ impl ModelClient {
                     &self.client,
                     &self.provider,
                     &self.otel_event_manager,
+                    &self.session_source,
                 )
                 .await?;
 
@@ -181,11 +184,7 @@ impl ModelClient {
     }
 
     /// Implementation for the OpenAI *Responses* experimental API.
-    async fn stream_responses(
-        &self,
-        prompt: &Prompt,
-        task_kind: TaskKind,
-    ) -> Result<ResponseStream> {
+    async fn stream_responses(&self, prompt: &Prompt) -> Result<ResponseStream> {
         if let Some(path) = &*CODEX_RS_SSE_FIXTURE {
             // short circuit for tests
             warn!(path, "Streaming from fixture");
@@ -215,18 +214,16 @@ impl ModelClient {
 
         let input_with_instructions = prompt.get_formatted_input();
 
-        let verbosity = match &self.config.model_family.family {
-            family if family == "gpt-5" => self.config.model_verbosity,
-            _ => {
-                if self.config.model_verbosity.is_some() {
-                    warn!(
-                        "model_verbosity is set but ignored for non-gpt-5 model family: {}",
-                        self.config.model_family.family
-                    );
-                }
-
-                None
+        let verbosity = if self.config.model_family.support_verbosity {
+            self.config.model_verbosity
+        } else {
+            if self.config.model_verbosity.is_some() {
+                warn!(
+                    "model_verbosity is set but ignored as the model does not support verbosity: {}",
+                    self.config.model_family.family
+                );
             }
+            None
         };
 
         // Only include `text.verbosity` for GPT-5 family models
@@ -264,7 +261,7 @@ impl ModelClient {
         let max_attempts = self.provider.request_max_retries();
         for attempt in 0..=max_attempts {
             match self
-                .attempt_stream_responses(attempt, &payload_json, &auth_manager, task_kind)
+                .attempt_stream_responses(attempt, &payload_json, &auth_manager)
                 .await
             {
                 Ok(stream) => {
@@ -292,7 +289,6 @@ impl ModelClient {
         attempt: u64,
         payload_json: &Value,
         auth_manager: &Option<Arc<AuthManager>>,
-        task_kind: TaskKind,
     ) -> std::result::Result<ResponseStream, StreamAttemptError> {
         // Always fetch the latest auth in case a prior attempt refreshed the token.
         let auth = auth_manager.as_ref().and_then(|m| m.auth());
@@ -310,13 +306,24 @@ impl ModelClient {
             .await
             .map_err(StreamAttemptError::Fatal)?;
 
+        // Include subagent header only for subagent sessions.
+        if let SessionSource::SubAgent(sub) = &self.session_source {
+            let subagent = if let crate::protocol::SubAgentSource::Other(label) = sub {
+                label.clone()
+            } else {
+                serde_json::to_value(sub)
+                    .ok()
+                    .and_then(|v| v.as_str().map(std::string::ToString::to_string))
+                    .unwrap_or_else(|| "other".to_string())
+            };
+            req_builder = req_builder.header("x-openai-subagent", subagent);
+        }
+
         req_builder = req_builder
-            .header("OpenAI-Beta", "responses=experimental")
             // Send session_id for compatibility.
             .header("conversation_id", self.conversation_id.to_string())
             .header("session_id", self.conversation_id.to_string())
             .header(reqwest::header::ACCEPT, "text/event-stream")
-            .header("Codex-Task-Type", task_kind.header_value())
             .json(payload_json);
 
         if let Some(auth) = auth.as_ref()
@@ -381,9 +388,19 @@ impl ModelClient {
 
                 if status == StatusCode::UNAUTHORIZED
                     && let Some(manager) = auth_manager.as_ref()
-                    && manager.auth().is_some()
+                    && let Some(auth) = auth.as_ref()
+                    && auth.mode == AuthMode::ChatGPT
+                    && let Err(err) = manager.refresh_token().await
                 {
-                    let _ = manager.refresh_token().await;
+                    let stream_error = match err {
+                        RefreshTokenError::Permanent(failed) => {
+                            StreamAttemptError::Fatal(CodexErr::RefreshTokenFailed(failed))
+                        }
+                        RefreshTokenError::Transient(other) => {
+                            StreamAttemptError::RetryableTransportError(CodexErr::Io(other))
+                        }
+                    };
+                    return Err(stream_error);
                 }
 
                 // The OpenAI Responses endpoint returns structured JSON bodies even for 4xx/5xx
@@ -430,6 +447,8 @@ impl ModelClient {
                             return Err(StreamAttemptError::Fatal(codex_err));
                         } else if error.r#type.as_deref() == Some("usage_not_included") {
                             return Err(StreamAttemptError::Fatal(CodexErr::UsageNotIncluded));
+                        } else if is_quota_exceeded_error(&error) {
+                            return Err(StreamAttemptError::Fatal(CodexErr::QuotaExceeded));
                         }
                     }
                 }
@@ -454,6 +473,10 @@ impl ModelClient {
         self.otel_event_manager.clone()
     }
 
+    pub fn get_session_source(&self) -> SessionSource {
+        self.session_source.clone()
+    }
+
     /// Returns the currently configured model slug.
     pub fn get_model(&self) -> String {
         self.config.model.clone()
@@ -823,6 +846,8 @@ async fn process_sse<S>(
                             Ok(error) => {
                                 if is_context_window_error(&error) {
                                     response_error = Some(CodexErr::ContextWindowExceeded);
+                                } else if is_quota_exceeded_error(&error) {
+                                    response_error = Some(CodexErr::QuotaExceeded);
                                 } else {
                                     let delay = try_parse_retry_after(&error);
                                     let message = error.message.clone().unwrap_or_default();
@@ -861,21 +886,15 @@ async fn process_sse<S>(
             | "response.in_progress"
             | "response.output_text.done" => {}
             "response.output_item.added" => {
-                if let Some(item) = event.item.as_ref() {
-                    // Detect web_search_call begin and forward a synthetic event upstream.
-                    if let Some(ty) = item.get("type").and_then(|v| v.as_str())
-                        && ty == "web_search_call"
-                    {
-                        let call_id = item
-                            .get("id")
-                            .and_then(|v| v.as_str())
-                            .unwrap_or("")
-                            .to_string();
-                        let ev = ResponseEvent::WebSearchCallBegin { call_id };
-                        if tx_event.send(Ok(ev)).await.is_err() {
-                            return;
-                        }
-                    }
+                let Some(item_val) = event.item else { continue };
+                let Ok(item) = serde_json::from_value::<ResponseItem>(item_val) else {
+                    debug!("failed to parse ResponseItem from output_item.done");
+                    continue;
+                };
+
+                let event = ResponseEvent::OutputItemAdded(item);
+                if tx_event.send(Ok(event)).await.is_err() {
+                    return;
                 }
             }
             "response.reasoning_summary_part.added" => {
@@ -922,8 +941,10 @@ async fn stream_from_fixture(
 fn rate_limit_regex() -> &'static Regex {
     static RE: OnceLock<Regex> = OnceLock::new();
 
+    // Match both OpenAI-style messages like "Please try again in 1.898s"
+    // and Azure OpenAI-style messages like "Try again in 35 seconds".
     #[expect(clippy::unwrap_used)]
-    RE.get_or_init(|| Regex::new(r"Please try again in (\d+(?:\.\d+)?)(s|ms)").unwrap())
+    RE.get_or_init(|| Regex::new(r"(?i)try again in\s*(\d+(?:\.\d+)?)\s*(s|ms|seconds?)").unwrap())
 }
 
 fn try_parse_retry_after(err: &Error) -> Option<Duration> {
@@ -931,7 +952,8 @@ fn try_parse_retry_after(err: &Error) -> Option<Duration> {
         return None;
     }
 
-    // parse the Please try again in 1.898s format using regex
+    // parse retry hints like "try again in 1.898s" or
+    // "Try again in 35 seconds" using regex
     let re = rate_limit_regex();
     if let Some(message) = &err.message
         && let Some(captures) = re.captures(message)
@@ -941,9 +963,9 @@ fn try_parse_retry_after(err: &Error) -> Option<Duration> {
 
         if let (Some(value), Some(unit)) = (seconds, unit) {
             let value = value.as_str().parse::<f64>().ok()?;
-            let unit = unit.as_str();
+            let unit = unit.as_str().to_ascii_lowercase();
 
-            if unit == "s" {
+            if unit == "s" || unit.starts_with("second") {
                 return Some(Duration::from_secs_f64(value));
             } else if unit == "ms" {
                 return Some(Duration::from_millis(value as u64));
@@ -957,6 +979,10 @@ fn is_context_window_error(error: &Error) -> bool {
     error.code.as_deref() == Some("context_length_exceeded")
 }
 
+fn is_quota_exceeded_error(error: &Error) -> bool {
+    error.code.as_deref() == Some("insufficient_quota")
+}
+
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
     use super::*;
@@ -1289,6 +1315,41 @@ mod tests {
         }
     }
 
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn quota_exceeded_error_is_fatal() {
+        let raw_error = r#"{"type":"response.failed","sequence_number":3,"response":{"id":"resp_fatal_quota","object":"response","created_at":1759771626,"status":"failed","background":false,"error":{"code":"insufficient_quota","message":"You exceeded your current quota, please check your plan and billing details. For more information on this error, read the docs: https://platform.openai.com/docs/guides/error-codes/api-errors."},"incomplete_details":null}}"#;
+
+        let sse1 = format!("event: response.failed\ndata: {raw_error}\n\n");
+        let provider = ModelProviderInfo {
+            name: "test".to_string(),
+            base_url: Some("https://test.com".to_string()),
+            env_key: Some("TEST_API_KEY".to_string()),
+            env_key_instructions: None,
+            experimental_bearer_token: None,
+            wire_api: WireApi::Responses,
+            query_params: None,
+            http_headers: None,
+            env_http_headers: None,
+            request_max_retries: Some(0),
+            stream_max_retries: Some(0),
+            stream_idle_timeout_ms: Some(1000),
+            requires_openai_auth: false,
+        };
+
+        let otel_event_manager = otel_event_manager();
+
+        let events = collect_events(&[sse1.as_bytes()], provider, otel_event_manager).await;
+
+        assert_eq!(events.len(), 1);
+
+        match &events[0] {
+            Err(err @ CodexErr::QuotaExceeded) => {
+                assert_eq!(err.to_string(), CodexErr::QuotaExceeded.to_string());
+            }
+            other => panic!("unexpected quota exceeded event: {other:?}"),
+        }
+    }
+
     // ────────────────────────────
     // Table-driven test from `main`
     // ────────────────────────────
@@ -1418,6 +1479,19 @@ mod tests {
         assert_eq!(delay, Some(Duration::from_secs_f64(1.898)));
     }
 
+    #[test]
+    fn test_try_parse_retry_after_azure() {
+        let err = Error {
+            r#type: None,
+            message: Some("Rate limit exceeded. Try again in 35 seconds.".to_string()),
+            code: Some("rate_limit_exceeded".to_string()),
+            plan_type: None,
+            resets_at: None,
+        };
+        let delay = try_parse_retry_after(&err);
+        assert_eq!(delay, Some(Duration::from_secs(35)));
+    }
+
     #[test]
     fn error_response_deserializes_schema_known_plan_type_and_serializes_back() {
         use crate::token_data::KnownPlan;

codex-rs/core/src/client_common.rs

@@ -23,6 +23,11 @@ use tokio::sync::mpsc;
 /// Review thread system prompt. Edit `core/src/review_prompt.md` to customize.
 pub const REVIEW_PROMPT: &str = include_str!("../review_prompt.md");
 
+// Centralized templates for review-related user messages
+pub const REVIEW_EXIT_SUCCESS_TMPL: &str = include_str!("../templates/review/exit_success.xml");
+pub const REVIEW_EXIT_INTERRUPTED_TMPL: &str =
+    include_str!("../templates/review/exit_interrupted.xml");
+
 /// API request payload for a single model turn
 #[derive(Default, Debug, Clone)]
 pub struct Prompt {
@@ -192,6 +197,7 @@ fn strip_total_output_header(output: &str) -> Option<&str> {
 pub enum ResponseEvent {
     Created,
     OutputItemDone(ResponseItem),
+    OutputItemAdded(ResponseItem),
     Completed {
         response_id: String,
         token_usage: Option<TokenUsage>,
@@ -200,9 +206,6 @@ pub enum ResponseEvent {
     ReasoningSummaryDelta(String),
     ReasoningContentDelta(String),
     ReasoningSummaryPartAdded,
-    WebSearchCallBegin {
-        call_id: String,
-    },
     RateLimits(RateLimitSnapshot),
 }