tests

Different services return different sets of IDs, log all of them to
simplify debugging.

README.md

@@ -33,6 +33,8 @@ Then simply run `codex` to get started:
 codex
 ```
 
+If you're running into upgrade issues with Homebrew, see the [FAQ entry on brew upgrade codex](./docs/faq.md#brew-update-codex-isnt-upgrading-me).
+
 <details>
 <summary>You can also go to the <a href="https://github.com/openai/codex/releases/latest">latest GitHub Release</a> and download the appropriate binary for your platform.</summary>
 

codex-rs/Cargo.lock

@@ -1075,6 +1075,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "escargot",
  "eventsource-stream",
  "futures",
+ "http",
  "indexmap 2.10.0",
  "landlock",
  "libc",

codex-rs/Cargo.toml

@@ -116,6 +116,7 @@ env_logger = "0.11.5"
 escargot = "0.5"
 eventsource-stream = "0.2.3"
 futures = { version = "0.3", default-features = false }
+http = "1.3.1"
 icu_decimal = "2.0.0"
 icu_locale_core = "2.0.0"
 ignore = "0.4.23"

codex-rs/app-server-protocol/src/export.rs

@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ use std::io::Write;
 use std::path::Path;
 use std::path::PathBuf;
 use std::process::Command;
+use ts_rs::ExportError;
 use ts_rs::TS;
 
 const HEADER: &str = "// GENERATED CODE! DO NOT MODIFY BY HAND!\n\n";
@@ -104,6 +105,19 @@ macro_rules! for_each_schema_type {
     };
 }
 
+fn export_ts_with_context<F>(label: &str, export: F) -> Result<()>
+where
+    F: FnOnce() -> std::result::Result<(), ExportError>,
+{
+    match export() {
+        Ok(()) => Ok(()),
+        Err(ExportError::CannotBeExported(ty)) => Err(anyhow!(
+            "failed to export {label}: dependency {ty} cannot be exported"
+        )),
+        Err(err) => Err(err.into()),
+    }
+}
+
 pub fn generate_types(out_dir: &Path, prettier: Option<&Path>) -> Result<()> {
     generate_ts(out_dir, prettier)?;
     generate_json(out_dir)?;
@@ -113,13 +127,17 @@ pub fn generate_types(out_dir: &Path, prettier: Option<&Path>) -> Result<()> {
 pub fn generate_ts(out_dir: &Path, prettier: Option<&Path>) -> Result<()> {
     ensure_dir(out_dir)?;
 
-    ClientRequest::export_all_to(out_dir)?;
-    export_client_responses(out_dir)?;
-    ClientNotification::export_all_to(out_dir)?;
+    export_ts_with_context("ClientRequest", || ClientRequest::export_all_to(out_dir))?;
+    export_ts_with_context("client responses", || export_client_responses(out_dir))?;
+    export_ts_with_context("ClientNotification", || {
+        ClientNotification::export_all_to(out_dir)
+    })?;
 
-    ServerRequest::export_all_to(out_dir)?;
-    export_server_responses(out_dir)?;
-    ServerNotification::export_all_to(out_dir)?;
+    export_ts_with_context("ServerRequest", || ServerRequest::export_all_to(out_dir))?;
+    export_ts_with_context("server responses", || export_server_responses(out_dir))?;
+    export_ts_with_context("ServerNotification", || {
+        ServerNotification::export_all_to(out_dir)
+    })?;
 
     generate_index_ts(out_dir)?;
 

codex-rs/app-server-protocol/src/protocol.rs

@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ client_request_definitions! {
     #[ts(rename = "account/read")]
     GetAccount {
         params: #[ts(type = "undefined")] #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")] Option<()>,
-        response: Option<Account>,
+        response: GetAccountResponse,
     },
 
     /// DEPRECATED APIs below
@@ -534,6 +534,12 @@ pub struct GetAccountRateLimitsResponse {
     pub rate_limits: RateLimitSnapshot,
 }
 
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
+#[serde(transparent)]
+#[ts(export)]
+#[ts(type = "Account | null")]
+pub struct GetAccountResponse(#[ts(type = "Account | null")] pub Option<Account>);
+
 #[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, JsonSchema, TS)]
 #[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
 pub struct GetAuthStatusResponse {

codex-rs/core/Cargo.toml

@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@ dunce = { workspace = true }
 env-flags = { workspace = true }
 eventsource-stream = { workspace = true }
 futures = { workspace = true }
+http = { workspace = true }
 indexmap = { workspace = true }
 libc = { workspace = true }
 mcp-types = { workspace = true }

codex-rs/core/src/auth.rs

@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ use codex_app_server_protocol::AuthMode;
 use codex_protocol::config_types::ForcedLoginMethod;
 
 use crate::config::Config;
+use crate::default_client::CodexHttpClient;
 use crate::token_data::PlanType;
 use crate::token_data::TokenData;
 use crate::token_data::parse_id_token;
@@ -32,7 +33,7 @@ pub struct CodexAuth {
     pub(crate) api_key: Option<String>,
     pub(crate) auth_dot_json: Arc<Mutex<Option<AuthDotJson>>>,
     pub(crate) auth_file: PathBuf,
-    pub(crate) client: reqwest::Client,
+    pub(crate) client: CodexHttpClient,
 }
 
 impl PartialEq for CodexAuth {
@@ -43,6 +44,8 @@ impl PartialEq for CodexAuth {
 
 impl CodexAuth {
     pub async fn refresh_token(&self) -> Result<String, std::io::Error> {
+        tracing::info!("Refreshing token");
+
         let token_data = self
             .get_current_token_data()
             .ok_or(std::io::Error::other("Token data is not available."))?;
@@ -180,7 +183,7 @@ impl CodexAuth {
         }
     }
 
-    fn from_api_key_with_client(api_key: &str, client: reqwest::Client) -> Self {
+    fn from_api_key_with_client(api_key: &str, client: CodexHttpClient) -> Self {
         Self {
             api_key: Some(api_key.to_owned()),
             mode: AuthMode::ApiKey,
@@ -400,7 +403,7 @@ async fn update_tokens(
 
 async fn try_refresh_token(
     refresh_token: String,
-    client: &reqwest::Client,
+    client: &CodexHttpClient,
 ) -> std::io::Result<RefreshResponse> {
     let refresh_request = RefreshRequest {
         client_id: CLIENT_ID,
@@ -916,7 +919,10 @@ impl AuthManager {
                 self.reload();
                 Ok(Some(token))
             }
-            Err(e) => Err(e),
+            Err(e) => {
+                tracing::error!("Failed to refresh token: {}", e);
+                Err(e)
+            }
         }
     }
 

codex-rs/core/src/chat_completions.rs

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ use crate::ModelProviderInfo;
 use crate::client_common::Prompt;
 use crate::client_common::ResponseEvent;
 use crate::client_common::ResponseStream;
+use crate::default_client::CodexHttpClient;
 use crate::error::CodexErr;
 use crate::error::ConnectionFailedError;
 use crate::error::ResponseStreamFailed;
@@ -36,7 +37,7 @@ use tracing::trace;
 pub(crate) async fn stream_chat_completions(
     prompt: &Prompt,
     model_family: &ModelFamily,
-    client: &reqwest::Client,
+    client: &CodexHttpClient,
     provider: &ModelProviderInfo,
     otel_event_manager: &OtelEventManager,
 ) -> Result<ResponseStream> {

codex-rs/core/src/client.rs

@@ -39,6 +39,7 @@ use crate::client_common::ResponsesApiRequest;
 use crate::client_common::create_reasoning_param_for_request;
 use crate::client_common::create_text_param_for_request;
 use crate::config::Config;
+use crate::default_client::CodexHttpClient;
 use crate::default_client::create_client;
 use crate::error::CodexErr;
 use crate::error::ConnectionFailedError;
@@ -81,7 +82,7 @@ pub struct ModelClient {
     config: Arc<Config>,
     auth_manager: Option<Arc<AuthManager>>,
     otel_event_manager: OtelEventManager,
-    client: reqwest::Client,
+    client: CodexHttpClient,
     provider: ModelProviderInfo,
     conversation_id: ConversationId,
     effort: Option<ReasoningEffortConfig>,
@@ -300,6 +301,7 @@ impl ModelClient {
             "POST to {}: {:?}",
             self.provider.get_full_url(&auth),
             serde_json::to_string(payload_json)
+                .unwrap_or("<unable to serialize payload>".to_string())
         );
 
         let mut req_builder = self
@@ -335,13 +337,6 @@ impl ModelClient {
                 .headers()
                 .get("cf-ray")
                 .map(|v| v.to_str().unwrap_or_default().to_string());
-
-            debug!(
-                "Response status: {}, cf-ray: {:?}, version: {:?}",
-                resp.status(),
-                request_id,
-                resp.version()
-            );
         }
 
         match res {

codex-rs/core/src/codex.rs

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ use crate::AuthManager;
 use crate::client_common::REVIEW_PROMPT;
 use crate::function_tool::FunctionCallError;
 use crate::mcp::auth::McpAuthStatusEntry;
+use crate::mcp_connection_manager::DEFAULT_STARTUP_TIMEOUT;
 use crate::parse_command::parse_command;
 use crate::parse_turn_item;
 use crate::response_processing::process_items;
@@ -58,7 +59,7 @@ use crate::client_common::ResponseEvent;
 use crate::config::Config;
 use crate::config_types::McpServerTransportConfig;
 use crate::config_types::ShellEnvironmentPolicy;
-use crate::conversation_history::ConversationHistory;
+use crate::context_manager::ContextManager;
 use crate::environment_context::EnvironmentContext;
 use crate::error::CodexErr;
 use crate::error::Result as CodexResult;
@@ -866,7 +867,7 @@ impl Session {
         turn_context: &TurnContext,
         rollout_items: &[RolloutItem],
     ) -> Vec<ResponseItem> {
-        let mut history = ConversationHistory::new();
+        let mut history = ContextManager::new();
         for item in rollout_items {
             match item {
                 RolloutItem::ResponseItem(response_item) => {
@@ -940,7 +941,7 @@ impl Session {
         state.history_snapshot()
     }
 
-    pub(crate) async fn clone_history(&self) -> ConversationHistory {
+    pub(crate) async fn clone_history(&self) -> ContextManager {
         let state = self.state.lock().await;
         state.clone_history()
     }
@@ -1523,7 +1524,7 @@ pub(crate) async fn run_task(
     // For normal turns, continue recording to the session history as before.
     let is_review_mode = turn_context.is_review_mode;
 
-    let mut review_thread_history: ConversationHistory = ConversationHistory::new();
+    let mut review_thread_history: ContextManager = ContextManager::new();
     if is_review_mode {
         // Seed review threads with environment context so the model knows the working directory.
         review_thread_history
@@ -2199,12 +2200,24 @@ fn mcp_init_error_display(
         // That means that the user has to specify a personal access token either via bearer_token_env_var or http_headers.
         // https://github.com/github/github-mcp-server/issues/921#issuecomment-3221026448
         format!(
-            "GitHub MCP does not support OAuth. Log in by adding `bearer_token_env_var = CODEX_GITHUB_PAT` in the `mcp_servers.{server_name}` section of your config.toml"
+            "GitHub MCP does not support OAuth. Log in by adding a personal access token (https://github.com/settings/personal-access-tokens) to your environment and config.toml:\n[mcp_servers.{server_name}]\nbearer_token_env_var = CODEX_GITHUB_PERSONAL_ACCESS_TOKEN"
         )
     } else if is_mcp_client_auth_required_error(err) {
         format!(
             "The {server_name} MCP server is not logged in. Run `codex mcp login {server_name}`."
         )
+    } else if is_mcp_client_startup_timeout_error(err) {
+        let startup_timeout_secs = match entry {
+            Some(entry) => match entry.config.startup_timeout_sec {
+                Some(timeout) => timeout,
+                None => DEFAULT_STARTUP_TIMEOUT,
+            },
+            None => DEFAULT_STARTUP_TIMEOUT,
+        }
+        .as_secs();
+        format!(
+            "MCP client for `{server_name}` timed out after {startup_timeout_secs} seconds. Add or adjust `startup_timeout_sec` in your config.toml:\n[mcp_servers.{server_name}]\nstartup_timeout_sec = XX"
+        )
     } else {
         format!("MCP client for `{server_name}` failed to start: {err:#}")
     }
@@ -2215,6 +2228,12 @@ fn is_mcp_client_auth_required_error(error: &anyhow::Error) -> bool {
     error.to_string().contains("Auth required")
 }
 
+fn is_mcp_client_startup_timeout_error(error: &anyhow::Error) -> bool {
+    let error_message = error.to_string();
+    error_message.contains("request timed out")
+        || error_message.contains("timed out handshaking with MCP server")
+}
+
 #[cfg(test)]
 pub(crate) use tests::make_session_and_context;
 
@@ -2824,7 +2843,7 @@ mod tests {
         turn_context: &TurnContext,
     ) -> (Vec<RolloutItem>, Vec<ResponseItem>) {
         let mut rollout_items = Vec::new();
-        let mut live_history = ConversationHistory::new();
+        let mut live_history = ContextManager::new();
 
         let initial_context = session.build_initial_context(turn_context);
         for item in &initial_context {
@@ -3072,7 +3091,7 @@ mod tests {
         let display = mcp_init_error_display(server_name, Some(&entry), &err);
 
         let expected = format!(
-            "GitHub MCP does not support OAuth. Log in by adding `bearer_token_env_var = CODEX_GITHUB_PAT` in the `mcp_servers.{server_name}` section of your config.toml"
+            "GitHub MCP does not support OAuth. Log in by adding a personal access token (https://github.com/settings/personal-access-tokens) to your environment and config.toml:\n[mcp_servers.{server_name}]\nbearer_token_env_var = CODEX_GITHUB_PERSONAL_ACCESS_TOKEN"
         );
 
         assert_eq!(expected, display);
@@ -3119,4 +3138,17 @@ mod tests {
 
         assert_eq!(expected, display);
     }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn mcp_init_error_display_includes_startup_timeout_hint() {
+        let server_name = "slow";
+        let err = anyhow::anyhow!("request timed out");
+
+        let display = mcp_init_error_display(server_name, None, &err);
+
+        assert_eq!(
+            "MCP client for `slow` timed out after 10 seconds. Add or adjust `startup_timeout_sec` in your config.toml:\n[mcp_servers.slow]\nstartup_timeout_sec = XX",
+            display
+        );
+    }
 }

codex-rs/core/src/context_manager/manager.rs

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+use crate::context_manager::truncation::truncate_context_output;
 use codex_protocol::models::FunctionCallOutputPayload;
 use codex_protocol::models::ResponseItem;
 use codex_protocol::protocol::TokenUsage;
@@ -6,13 +7,13 @@ use tracing::error;
 
 /// Transcript of conversation history
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Default)]
-pub(crate) struct ConversationHistory {
+pub(crate) struct ContextManager {
     /// The oldest items are at the beginning of the vector.
     items: Vec<ResponseItem>,
     token_info: Option<TokenUsageInfo>,
 }
 
-impl ConversationHistory {
+impl ContextManager {
     pub(crate) fn new() -> Self {
         Self {
             items: Vec::new(),
@@ -44,7 +45,8 @@ impl ConversationHistory {
                 continue;
             }
 
-            self.items.push(item.clone());
+            let processed = Self::process_item(&item);
+            self.items.push(processed);
         }
     }
 
@@ -76,6 +78,29 @@ impl ConversationHistory {
         self.remove_orphan_outputs();
     }
 
+    fn process_item(item: &ResponseItem) -> ResponseItem {
+        match item {
+            ResponseItem::FunctionCallOutput { call_id, output } => {
+                let truncated_content = truncate_context_output(output.content.as_str());
+                ResponseItem::FunctionCallOutput {
+                    call_id: call_id.clone(),
+                    output: FunctionCallOutputPayload {
+                        content: truncated_content,
+                        success: output.success,
+                    },
+                }
+            }
+            ResponseItem::CustomToolCallOutput { call_id, output } => {
+                let truncated = truncate_context_output(output);
+                ResponseItem::CustomToolCallOutput {
+                    call_id: call_id.clone(),
+                    output: truncated,
+                }
+            }
+            _ => item.clone(),
+        }
+    }
+
     /// Returns a clone of the contents in the transcript.
     fn contents(&self) -> Vec<ResponseItem> {
         self.items.clone()
@@ -106,7 +131,7 @@ impl ConversationHistory {
                             ResponseItem::FunctionCallOutput {
                                 call_id: call_id.clone(),
                                 output: FunctionCallOutputPayload {
-                                    content: "aborted".to_string(),
+                                    content: truncate_context_output("aborted"),
                                     success: None,
                                 },
                             },
@@ -129,7 +154,7 @@ impl ConversationHistory {
                             idx,
                             ResponseItem::CustomToolCallOutput {
                                 call_id: call_id.clone(),
-                                output: "aborted".to_string(),
+                                output: truncate_context_output("aborted"),
                             },
                         ));
                     }
@@ -153,7 +178,7 @@ impl ConversationHistory {
                                 ResponseItem::FunctionCallOutput {
                                     call_id: call_id.clone(),
                                     output: FunctionCallOutputPayload {
-                                        content: "aborted".to_string(),
+                                        content: truncate_context_output("aborted"),
                                         success: None,
                                     },
                                 },
@@ -249,7 +274,10 @@ impl ConversationHistory {
     }
 
     pub(crate) fn replace(&mut self, items: Vec<ResponseItem>) {
-        self.items = items;
+        self.items = items
+            .into_iter()
+            .map(|item| Self::process_item(&item))
+            .collect();
     }
 
     /// Removes the corresponding paired item for the provided `item`, if any.
@@ -362,6 +390,8 @@ fn is_api_message(message: &ResponseItem) -> bool {
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
     use super::*;
+    use crate::context_manager::truncation::TELEMETRY_PREVIEW_MAX_BYTES;
+    use crate::context_manager::truncation::TELEMETRY_PREVIEW_TRUNCATION_NOTICE;
     use codex_protocol::models::ContentItem;
     use codex_protocol::models::FunctionCallOutputPayload;
     use codex_protocol::models::LocalShellAction;
@@ -379,8 +409,8 @@ mod tests {
         }
     }
 
-    fn create_history_with_items(items: Vec<ResponseItem>) -> ConversationHistory {
-        let mut h = ConversationHistory::new();
+    fn create_history_with_items(items: Vec<ResponseItem>) -> ContextManager {
+        let mut h = ContextManager::new();
         h.record_items(items.iter());
         h
     }
@@ -397,7 +427,7 @@ mod tests {
 
     #[test]
     fn filters_non_api_messages() {
-        let mut h = ConversationHistory::default();
+        let mut h = ContextManager::default();
         // System message is not an API message; Other is ignored.
         let system = ResponseItem::Message {
             id: None,
@@ -435,6 +465,61 @@ mod tests {
         );
     }
 
+    #[test]
+    fn record_items_truncates_function_call_output() {
+        let mut h = ContextManager::new();
+        let long_content = "a".repeat(TELEMETRY_PREVIEW_MAX_BYTES + 32);
+        let item = ResponseItem::FunctionCallOutput {
+            call_id: "call-long".to_string(),
+            output: FunctionCallOutputPayload {
+                content: long_content.clone(),
+                success: Some(true),
+            },
+        };
+
+        h.record_items([&item]);
+
+        let stored = h.contents();
+        let ResponseItem::FunctionCallOutput { output, .. } = &stored[0] else {
+            panic!("expected FunctionCallOutput variant");
+        };
+        assert!(
+            output
+                .content
+                .ends_with(TELEMETRY_PREVIEW_TRUNCATION_NOTICE),
+            "truncated content should end with notice"
+        );
+        assert!(
+            output.content.len() < long_content.len(),
+            "content should shrink after truncation"
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn record_items_truncates_custom_tool_output() {
+        let mut h = ContextManager::new();
+        let long_content = "b".repeat(TELEMETRY_PREVIEW_MAX_BYTES + 64);
+        let item = ResponseItem::CustomToolCallOutput {
+            call_id: "custom-long".to_string(),
+            output: long_content.clone(),
+        };
+
+        h.record_items([&item]);
+
+        let stored = h.contents();
+        let ResponseItem::CustomToolCallOutput { output, .. } = &stored[0] else {
+            panic!("expected CustomToolCallOutput variant");
+        };
+        assert!(
+            output.ends_with(TELEMETRY_PREVIEW_TRUNCATION_NOTICE),
+            "truncated output should end with notice"
+        );
+        assert!(
+            output.len() < long_content.len(),
+            "output should shrink after truncation"
+        );
+    }
+
     #[test]
     fn remove_first_item_removes_matching_output_for_function_call() {
         let items = vec![

codex-rs/core/src/context_manager/mod.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+mod manager;
+pub(crate) use manager::ContextManager;
+pub mod truncation;

codex-rs/core/src/context_manager/truncation.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,159 @@
+use codex_utils_string::take_bytes_at_char_boundary;
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy)]
+pub(crate) struct TruncationConfig {
+    pub max_bytes: usize,
+    pub max_lines: usize,
+    pub truncation_notice: &'static str,
+}
+
+// Telemetry preview limits: keep log events smaller than model budgets.
+pub(crate) const TELEMETRY_PREVIEW_MAX_BYTES: usize = 2 * 1024; // 2 KiB
+pub(crate) const TELEMETRY_PREVIEW_MAX_LINES: usize = 64; // lines
+pub(crate) const TELEMETRY_PREVIEW_TRUNCATION_NOTICE: &str =
+    "[... telemetry preview truncated ...]";
+
+pub(crate) const CONTEXT_OUTPUT_TRUNCATION: TruncationConfig = TruncationConfig {
+    max_bytes: TELEMETRY_PREVIEW_MAX_BYTES,
+    max_lines: TELEMETRY_PREVIEW_MAX_LINES,
+    truncation_notice: TELEMETRY_PREVIEW_TRUNCATION_NOTICE,
+};
+
+pub(crate) fn truncate_with_config(content: &str, config: TruncationConfig) -> String {
+    let TruncationConfig {
+        max_bytes,
+        max_lines,
+        truncation_notice,
+    } = config;
+
+    let truncated_slice = take_bytes_at_char_boundary(content, max_bytes);
+    let truncated_by_bytes = truncated_slice.len() < content.len();
+
+    let mut preview = String::new();
+    let mut lines_iter = truncated_slice.lines();
+    for idx in 0..max_lines {
+        match lines_iter.next() {
+            Some(line) => {
+                if idx > 0 {
+                    preview.push('\n');
+                }
+                preview.push_str(line);
+            }
+            None => break,
+        }
+    }
+    let truncated_by_lines = lines_iter.next().is_some();
+
+    if !truncated_by_bytes && !truncated_by_lines {
+        return content.to_string();
+    }
+
+    if preview.len() < truncated_slice.len()
+        && truncated_slice
+            .as_bytes()
+            .get(preview.len())
+            .is_some_and(|byte| *byte == b'\n')
+    {
+        preview.push('\n');
+    }
+
+    if !preview.is_empty() && !preview.ends_with('\n') {
+        preview.push('\n');
+    }
+
+    preview.push_str(truncation_notice);
+    preview
+}
+
+pub(crate) fn truncate_context_output(content: &str) -> String {
+    truncate_with_config(content, CONTEXT_OUTPUT_TRUNCATION)
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+    use pretty_assertions::assert_eq;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn truncate_with_config_returns_original_within_limits() {
+        let content = "short output";
+        let config = TruncationConfig {
+            max_bytes: 64,
+            max_lines: 5,
+            truncation_notice: "[notice]",
+        };
+        assert_eq!(truncate_with_config(content, config), content);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn truncate_with_config_truncates_by_bytes() {
+        let config = TruncationConfig {
+            max_bytes: 16,
+            max_lines: 10,
+            truncation_notice: "[notice]",
+        };
+        let content = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz";
+        let truncated = truncate_with_config(content, config);
+        assert!(truncated.contains("[notice]"));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn truncate_with_config_truncates_by_lines() {
+        let config = TruncationConfig {
+            max_bytes: 1024,
+            max_lines: 2,
+            truncation_notice: "[notice]",
+        };
+        let content = "l1\nl2\nl3\nl4";
+        let truncated = truncate_with_config(content, config);
+        assert!(truncated.lines().count() <= 3);
+        assert!(truncated.contains("[notice]"));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn telemetry_preview_returns_original_within_limits() {
+        let content = "short output";
+        let config = TruncationConfig {
+            max_bytes: TELEMETRY_PREVIEW_MAX_BYTES,
+            max_lines: TELEMETRY_PREVIEW_MAX_LINES,
+            truncation_notice: TELEMETRY_PREVIEW_TRUNCATION_NOTICE,
+        };
+        assert_eq!(truncate_with_config(content, config), content);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn telemetry_preview_truncates_by_bytes() {
+        let config = TruncationConfig {
+            max_bytes: TELEMETRY_PREVIEW_MAX_BYTES,
+            max_lines: TELEMETRY_PREVIEW_MAX_LINES,
+            truncation_notice: TELEMETRY_PREVIEW_TRUNCATION_NOTICE,
+        };
+        let content = "x".repeat(TELEMETRY_PREVIEW_MAX_BYTES + 8);
+        let preview = truncate_with_config(&content, config);
+
+        assert!(preview.contains(TELEMETRY_PREVIEW_TRUNCATION_NOTICE));
+        assert!(
+            preview.len()
+                <= TELEMETRY_PREVIEW_MAX_BYTES + TELEMETRY_PREVIEW_TRUNCATION_NOTICE.len() + 1
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn telemetry_preview_truncates_by_lines() {
+        let config = TruncationConfig {
+            max_bytes: TELEMETRY_PREVIEW_MAX_BYTES,
+            max_lines: TELEMETRY_PREVIEW_MAX_LINES,
+            truncation_notice: TELEMETRY_PREVIEW_TRUNCATION_NOTICE,
+        };
+        let content = (0..(TELEMETRY_PREVIEW_MAX_LINES + 5))
+            .map(|idx| format!("line {idx}"))
+            .collect::<Vec<_>>()
+            .join("\n");
+
+        let preview = truncate_with_config(&content, config);
+        let lines: Vec<&str> = preview.lines().collect();
+
+        assert!(lines.len() <= TELEMETRY_PREVIEW_MAX_LINES + 1);
+        assert_eq!(lines.last(), Some(&TELEMETRY_PREVIEW_TRUNCATION_NOTICE));
+    }
+}

codex-rs/core/src/default_client.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,13 @@
 use crate::spawn::CODEX_SANDBOX_ENV_VAR;
+use http::Error as HttpError;
+use reqwest::IntoUrl;
+use reqwest::Method;
+use reqwest::Response;
+use reqwest::header::HeaderName;
 use reqwest::header::HeaderValue;
+use serde::Serialize;
+use std::collections::HashMap;
+use std::fmt::Display;
 use std::sync::LazyLock;
 use std::sync::Mutex;
 use std::sync::OnceLock;
@@ -22,6 +30,130 @@ use std::sync::OnceLock;
 pub static USER_AGENT_SUFFIX: LazyLock<Mutex<Option<String>>> = LazyLock::new(|| Mutex::new(None));
 pub const DEFAULT_ORIGINATOR: &str = "codex_cli_rs";
 pub const CODEX_INTERNAL_ORIGINATOR_OVERRIDE_ENV_VAR: &str = "CODEX_INTERNAL_ORIGINATOR_OVERRIDE";
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
+pub struct CodexHttpClient {
+    inner: reqwest::Client,
+}
+
+impl CodexHttpClient {
+    fn new(inner: reqwest::Client) -> Self {
+        Self { inner }
+    }
+
+    pub fn get<U>(&self, url: U) -> CodexRequestBuilder
+    where
+        U: IntoUrl,
+    {
+        self.request(Method::GET, url)
+    }
+
+    pub fn post<U>(&self, url: U) -> CodexRequestBuilder
+    where
+        U: IntoUrl,
+    {
+        self.request(Method::POST, url)
+    }
+
+    pub fn request<U>(&self, method: Method, url: U) -> CodexRequestBuilder
+    where
+        U: IntoUrl,
+    {
+        let url_str = url.as_str().to_string();
+        CodexRequestBuilder::new(self.inner.request(method.clone(), url), method, url_str)
+    }
+}
+
+#[must_use = "requests are not sent unless `send` is awaited"]
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub struct CodexRequestBuilder {
+    builder: reqwest::RequestBuilder,
+    method: Method,
+    url: String,
+}
+
+impl CodexRequestBuilder {
+    fn new(builder: reqwest::RequestBuilder, method: Method, url: String) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            builder,
+            method,
+            url,
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn map(self, f: impl FnOnce(reqwest::RequestBuilder) -> reqwest::RequestBuilder) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            builder: f(self.builder),
+            method: self.method,
+            url: self.url,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn header<K, V>(self, key: K, value: V) -> Self
+    where
+        HeaderName: TryFrom<K>,
+        <HeaderName as TryFrom<K>>::Error: Into<HttpError>,
+        HeaderValue: TryFrom<V>,
+        <HeaderValue as TryFrom<V>>::Error: Into<HttpError>,
+    {
+        self.map(|builder| builder.header(key, value))
+    }
+
+    pub fn bearer_auth<T>(self, token: T) -> Self
+    where
+        T: Display,
+    {
+        self.map(|builder| builder.bearer_auth(token))
+    }
+
+    pub fn json<T>(self, value: &T) -> Self
+    where
+        T: ?Sized + Serialize,
+    {
+        self.map(|builder| builder.json(value))
+    }
+
+    pub async fn send(self) -> Result<Response, reqwest::Error> {
+        match self.builder.send().await {
+            Ok(response) => {
+                let request_ids = Self::extract_request_ids(&response);
+                tracing::debug!(
+                    method = %self.method,
+                    url = %self.url,
+                    status = %response.status(),
+                    request_ids = ?request_ids,
+                    version = ?response.version(),
+                    "Request completed"
+                );
+
+                Ok(response)
+            }
+            Err(error) => {
+                let status = error.status();
+                tracing::debug!(
+                    method = %self.method,
+                    url = %self.url,
+                    status = status.map(|s| s.as_u16()),
+                    error = %error,
+                    "Request failed"
+                );
+                Err(error)
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn extract_request_ids(response: &Response) -> HashMap<String, String> {
+        ["cf-ray", "x-request-id", "x-oai-request-id"]
+            .iter()
+            .filter_map(|&name| {
+                let header_name = HeaderName::from_static(name);
+                let value = response.headers().get(header_name)?;
+                let value = value.to_str().ok()?.to_owned();
+                Some((name.to_owned(), value))
+            })
+            .collect()
+    }
+}
 #[derive(Debug, Clone)]
 pub struct Originator {
     pub value: String,
@@ -124,8 +256,8 @@ fn sanitize_user_agent(candidate: String, fallback: &str) -> String {
     }
 }
 
-/// Create a reqwest client with default `originator` and `User-Agent` headers set.
-pub fn create_client() -> reqwest::Client {
+/// Create an HTTP client with default `originator` and `User-Agent` headers set.
+pub fn create_client() -> CodexHttpClient {
     use reqwest::header::HeaderMap;
 
     let mut headers = HeaderMap::new();
@@ -140,7 +272,8 @@ pub fn create_client() -> reqwest::Client {
         builder = builder.no_proxy();
     }
 
-    builder.build().unwrap_or_else(|_| reqwest::Client::new())
+    let inner = builder.build().unwrap_or_else(|_| reqwest::Client::new());
+    CodexHttpClient::new(inner)
 }
 
 fn is_sandboxed() -> bool {

codex-rs/core/src/lib.rs

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ pub mod config_edit;
 pub mod config_loader;
 pub mod config_profile;
 pub mod config_types;
-mod conversation_history;
+mod context_manager;
 pub mod custom_prompts;
 mod environment_context;
 pub mod error;

codex-rs/core/src/mcp_connection_manager.rs

@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ const MCP_TOOL_NAME_DELIMITER: &str = "__";
 const MAX_TOOL_NAME_LENGTH: usize = 64;
 
 /// Default timeout for initializing MCP server & initially listing tools.
-const DEFAULT_STARTUP_TIMEOUT: Duration = Duration::from_secs(10);
+pub const DEFAULT_STARTUP_TIMEOUT: Duration = Duration::from_secs(10);
 
 /// Default timeout for individual tool calls.
 const DEFAULT_TOOL_TIMEOUT: Duration = Duration::from_secs(60);

codex-rs/core/src/model_provider_info.rs

@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@
 //!      key. These override or extend the defaults at runtime.
 
 use crate::CodexAuth;
+use crate::default_client::CodexHttpClient;
+use crate::default_client::CodexRequestBuilder;
 use codex_app_server_protocol::AuthMode;
 use serde::Deserialize;
 use serde::Serialize;
@@ -95,7 +97,7 @@ pub struct ModelProviderInfo {
 
 impl ModelProviderInfo {
     /// Construct a `POST` RequestBuilder for the given URL using the provided
-    /// reqwest Client applying:
+    /// [`CodexHttpClient`] applying:
     ///   • provider-specific headers (static + env based)
     ///   • Bearer auth header when an API key is available.
     ///   • Auth token for OAuth.
@@ -104,9 +106,9 @@ impl ModelProviderInfo {
     /// one produced by [`ModelProviderInfo::api_key`].
     pub async fn create_request_builder<'a>(
         &'a self,
-        client: &'a reqwest::Client,
+        client: &'a CodexHttpClient,
         auth: &Option<CodexAuth>,
-    ) -> crate::error::Result<reqwest::RequestBuilder> {
+    ) -> crate::error::Result<CodexRequestBuilder> {
         let effective_auth = if let Some(secret_key) = &self.experimental_bearer_token {
             Some(CodexAuth::from_api_key(secret_key))
         } else {
@@ -187,9 +189,9 @@ impl ModelProviderInfo {
     }
 
     /// Apply provider-specific HTTP headers (both static and environment-based)
-    /// onto an existing `reqwest::RequestBuilder` and return the updated
+    /// onto an existing [`CodexRequestBuilder`] and return the updated
     /// builder.
-    fn apply_http_headers(&self, mut builder: reqwest::RequestBuilder) -> reqwest::RequestBuilder {
+    fn apply_http_headers(&self, mut builder: CodexRequestBuilder) -> CodexRequestBuilder {
         if let Some(extra) = &self.http_headers {
             for (k, v) in extra {
                 builder = builder.header(k, v);

codex-rs/core/src/response_processing.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 use crate::codex::Session;
-use crate::conversation_history::ConversationHistory;
+use crate::context_manager::ContextManager;
 use codex_protocol::models::FunctionCallOutputPayload;
 use codex_protocol::models::ResponseInputItem;
 use codex_protocol::models::ResponseItem;
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ use tracing::warn;
 pub(crate) async fn process_items(
     processed_items: Vec<crate::codex::ProcessedResponseItem>,
     is_review_mode: bool,
-    review_thread_history: &mut ConversationHistory,
+    review_thread_history: &mut ContextManager,
     sess: &Session,
 ) -> (Vec<ResponseInputItem>, Vec<ResponseItem>) {
     let mut items_to_record_in_conversation_history = Vec::<ResponseItem>::new();

codex-rs/core/src/state/session.rs

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 use codex_protocol::models::ResponseItem;
 
 use crate::codex::SessionConfiguration;
-use crate::conversation_history::ConversationHistory;
+use crate::context_manager::ContextManager;
 use crate::protocol::RateLimitSnapshot;
 use crate::protocol::TokenUsage;
 use crate::protocol::TokenUsageInfo;
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ use crate::protocol::TokenUsageInfo;
 /// Persistent, session-scoped state previously stored directly on `Session`.
 pub(crate) struct SessionState {
     pub(crate) session_configuration: SessionConfiguration,
-    pub(crate) history: ConversationHistory,
+    pub(crate) history: ContextManager,
     pub(crate) latest_rate_limits: Option<RateLimitSnapshot>,
 }
 
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ impl SessionState {
     pub(crate) fn new(session_configuration: SessionConfiguration) -> Self {
         Self {
             session_configuration,
-            history: ConversationHistory::new(),
+            history: ContextManager::new(),
             latest_rate_limits: None,
         }
     }
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ impl SessionState {
         self.history.get_history()
     }
 
-    pub(crate) fn clone_history(&self) -> ConversationHistory {
+    pub(crate) fn clone_history(&self) -> ContextManager {
         self.history.clone()
     }
 

codex-rs/core/src/tools/context.rs

@@ -1,15 +1,11 @@
 use crate::codex::Session;
 use crate::codex::TurnContext;
-use crate::tools::TELEMETRY_PREVIEW_MAX_BYTES;
-use crate::tools::TELEMETRY_PREVIEW_MAX_LINES;
-use crate::tools::TELEMETRY_PREVIEW_TRUNCATION_NOTICE;
 use crate::turn_diff_tracker::TurnDiffTracker;
 use codex_otel::otel_event_manager::OtelEventManager;
 use codex_protocol::models::FunctionCallOutputPayload;
 use codex_protocol::models::ResponseInputItem;
 use codex_protocol::models::ShellToolCallParams;
 use codex_protocol::protocol::FileChange;
-use codex_utils_string::take_bytes_at_char_boundary;
 use mcp_types::CallToolResult;
 use std::borrow::Cow;
 use std::collections::HashMap;
@@ -76,7 +72,7 @@ pub enum ToolOutput {
 impl ToolOutput {
     pub fn log_preview(&self) -> String {
         match self {
-            ToolOutput::Function { content, .. } => telemetry_preview(content),
+            ToolOutput::Function { content, .. } => content.clone(),
             ToolOutput::Mcp { result } => format!("{result:?}"),
         }
     }
@@ -111,46 +107,6 @@ impl ToolOutput {
     }
 }
 
-fn telemetry_preview(content: &str) -> String {
-    let truncated_slice = take_bytes_at_char_boundary(content, TELEMETRY_PREVIEW_MAX_BYTES);
-    let truncated_by_bytes = truncated_slice.len() < content.len();
-
-    let mut preview = String::new();
-    let mut lines_iter = truncated_slice.lines();
-    for idx in 0..TELEMETRY_PREVIEW_MAX_LINES {
-        match lines_iter.next() {
-            Some(line) => {
-                if idx > 0 {
-                    preview.push('\n');
-                }
-                preview.push_str(line);
-            }
-            None => break,
-        }
-    }
-    let truncated_by_lines = lines_iter.next().is_some();
-
-    if !truncated_by_bytes && !truncated_by_lines {
-        return content.to_string();
-    }
-
-    if preview.len() < truncated_slice.len()
-        && truncated_slice
-            .as_bytes()
-            .get(preview.len())
-            .is_some_and(|byte| *byte == b'\n')
-    {
-        preview.push('\n');
-    }
-
-    if !preview.is_empty() && !preview.ends_with('\n') {
-        preview.push('\n');
-    }
-    preview.push_str(TELEMETRY_PREVIEW_TRUNCATION_NOTICE);
-
-    preview
-}
-
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
     use super::*;
@@ -196,38 +152,6 @@ mod tests {
             other => panic!("expected FunctionCallOutput, got {other:?}"),
         }
     }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn telemetry_preview_returns_original_within_limits() {
-        let content = "short output";
-        assert_eq!(telemetry_preview(content), content);
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn telemetry_preview_truncates_by_bytes() {
-        let content = "x".repeat(TELEMETRY_PREVIEW_MAX_BYTES + 8);
-        let preview = telemetry_preview(&content);
-
-        assert!(preview.contains(TELEMETRY_PREVIEW_TRUNCATION_NOTICE));
-        assert!(
-            preview.len()
-                <= TELEMETRY_PREVIEW_MAX_BYTES + TELEMETRY_PREVIEW_TRUNCATION_NOTICE.len() + 1
-        );
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn telemetry_preview_truncates_by_lines() {
-        let content = (0..(TELEMETRY_PREVIEW_MAX_LINES + 5))
-            .map(|idx| format!("line {idx}"))
-            .collect::<Vec<_>>()
-            .join("\n");
-
-        let preview = telemetry_preview(&content);
-        let lines: Vec<&str> = preview.lines().collect();
-
-        assert!(lines.len() <= TELEMETRY_PREVIEW_MAX_LINES + 1);
-        assert_eq!(lines.last(), Some(&TELEMETRY_PREVIEW_TRUNCATION_NOTICE));
-    }
 }
 
 #[derive(Clone, Debug)]

codex-rs/core/src/tools/mod.rs

@@ -22,12 +22,6 @@ pub(crate) const MODEL_FORMAT_HEAD_LINES: usize = MODEL_FORMAT_MAX_LINES / 2;
 pub(crate) const MODEL_FORMAT_TAIL_LINES: usize = MODEL_FORMAT_MAX_LINES - MODEL_FORMAT_HEAD_LINES; // 128
 pub(crate) const MODEL_FORMAT_HEAD_BYTES: usize = MODEL_FORMAT_MAX_BYTES / 2;
 
-// Telemetry preview limits: keep log events smaller than model budgets.
-pub(crate) const TELEMETRY_PREVIEW_MAX_BYTES: usize = 2 * 1024; // 2 KiB
-pub(crate) const TELEMETRY_PREVIEW_MAX_LINES: usize = 64; // lines
-pub(crate) const TELEMETRY_PREVIEW_TRUNCATION_NOTICE: &str =
-    "[... telemetry preview truncated ...]";
-
 /// Format the combined exec output for sending back to the model.
 /// Includes exit code and duration metadata; truncates large bodies safely.
 pub fn format_exec_output_for_model(exec_output: &ExecToolCallOutput) -> String {

codex-rs/core/tests/suite/unified_exec.rs

@@ -156,6 +156,12 @@ async fn unified_exec_emits_exec_command_end_event() -> Result<()> {
         "cmd": "/bin/echo END-EVENT".to_string(),
         "yield_time_ms": 250,
     });
+    let poll_call_id = "uexec-end-event-poll";
+    let poll_args = json!({
+        "chars": "",
+        "session_id": 0,
+        "yield_time_ms": 250,
+    });
 
     let responses = vec![
         sse(vec![
@@ -165,9 +171,18 @@ async fn unified_exec_emits_exec_command_end_event() -> Result<()> {
         ]),
         sse(vec![
             ev_response_created("resp-2"),
-            ev_assistant_message("msg-1", "finished"),
+            ev_function_call(
+                poll_call_id,
+                "write_stdin",
+                &serde_json::to_string(&poll_args)?,
+            ),
             ev_completed("resp-2"),
         ]),
+        sse(vec![
+            ev_response_created("resp-3"),
+            ev_assistant_message("msg-1", "finished"),
+            ev_completed("resp-3"),
+        ]),
     ];
     mount_sse_sequence(&server, responses).await;
 

codex-rs/feedback/src/lib.rs

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ use anyhow::anyhow;
 use codex_protocol::ConversationId;
 use tracing_subscriber::fmt::writer::MakeWriter;
 
-const DEFAULT_MAX_BYTES: usize = 2 * 1024 * 1024; // 2 MiB
+const DEFAULT_MAX_BYTES: usize = 4 * 1024 * 1024; // 4 MiB
 const SENTRY_DSN: &str =
     "https://ae32ed50620d7a7792c1ce5df38b3e3e@o33249.ingest.us.sentry.io/4510195390611458";
 const UPLOAD_TIMEOUT_SECS: u64 = 10;

codex-rs/tui/src/chatwidget.rs

@@ -1631,6 +1631,7 @@ impl ChatWidget {
             context_usage,
             &self.conversation_id,
             self.rate_limit_snapshot.as_ref(),
+            Local::now(),
         ));
     }
 

codex-rs/tui/src/status/card.rs

@@ -3,6 +3,8 @@ use crate::history_cell::HistoryCell;
 use crate::history_cell::PlainHistoryCell;
 use crate::history_cell::with_border_with_inner_width;
 use crate::version::CODEX_CLI_VERSION;
+use chrono::DateTime;
+use chrono::Local;
 use codex_common::create_config_summary_entries;
 use codex_core::config::Config;
 use codex_core::protocol::SandboxPolicy;
@@ -25,6 +27,7 @@ use super::helpers::format_directory_display;
 use super::helpers::format_tokens_compact;
 use super::rate_limits::RateLimitSnapshotDisplay;
 use super::rate_limits::StatusRateLimitData;
+use super::rate_limits::StatusRateLimitRow;
 use super::rate_limits::compose_rate_limit_data;
 use super::rate_limits::format_status_limit_summary;
 use super::rate_limits::render_status_limit_progress_bar;
@@ -64,9 +67,17 @@ pub(crate) fn new_status_output(
     context_usage: Option<&TokenUsage>,
     session_id: &Option<ConversationId>,
     rate_limits: Option<&RateLimitSnapshotDisplay>,
+    now: DateTime<Local>,
 ) -> CompositeHistoryCell {
     let command = PlainHistoryCell::new(vec!["/status".magenta().into()]);
-    let card = StatusHistoryCell::new(config, total_usage, context_usage, session_id, rate_limits);
+    let card = StatusHistoryCell::new(
+        config,
+        total_usage,
+        context_usage,
+        session_id,
+        rate_limits,
+        now,
+    );
 
     CompositeHistoryCell::new(vec![Box::new(command), Box::new(card)])
 }
@@ -78,6 +89,7 @@ impl StatusHistoryCell {
         context_usage: Option<&TokenUsage>,
         session_id: &Option<ConversationId>,
         rate_limits: Option<&RateLimitSnapshotDisplay>,
+        now: DateTime<Local>,
     ) -> Self {
         let config_entries = create_config_summary_entries(config);
         let (model_name, model_details) = compose_model_display(config, &config_entries);
@@ -108,7 +120,7 @@ impl StatusHistoryCell {
             output: total_usage.output_tokens,
             context_window,
         };
-        let rate_limits = compose_rate_limit_data(rate_limits);
+        let rate_limits = compose_rate_limit_data(rate_limits, now);
 
         Self {
             model_name,
@@ -171,47 +183,66 @@ impl StatusHistoryCell {
                     ];
                 }
 
-                let mut lines = Vec::with_capacity(rows_data.len() * 2);
-
-                for row in rows_data {
-                    let value_spans = vec![
-                        Span::from(render_status_limit_progress_bar(row.percent_used)),
-                        Span::from(" "),
-                        Span::from(format_status_limit_summary(row.percent_used)),
-                    ];
-                    let base_spans = formatter.full_spans(row.label.as_str(), value_spans);
-                    let base_line = Line::from(base_spans.clone());
-
-                    if let Some(resets_at) = row.resets_at.as_ref() {
-                        let resets_span = Span::from(format!("(resets {resets_at})")).dim();
-                        let mut inline_spans = base_spans.clone();
-                        inline_spans.push(Span::from(" ").dim());
-                        inline_spans.push(resets_span.clone());
-
-                        if line_display_width(&Line::from(inline_spans.clone()))
-                            <= available_inner_width
-                        {
-                            lines.push(Line::from(inline_spans));
-                        } else {
-                            lines.push(base_line);
-                            lines.push(formatter.continuation(vec![resets_span]));
-                        }
-                    } else {
-                        lines.push(base_line);
-                    }
-                }
-
+                self.rate_limit_row_lines(rows_data, available_inner_width, formatter)
+            }
+            StatusRateLimitData::Stale(rows_data) => {
+                let mut lines =
+                    self.rate_limit_row_lines(rows_data, available_inner_width, formatter);
+                lines.push(formatter.line(
+                    "Warning",
+                    vec![Span::from("limits may be stale - start new turn to refresh.").dim()],
+                ));
                 lines
             }
             StatusRateLimitData::Missing => {
                 vec![formatter.line(
                     "Limits",
-                    vec![Span::from("send a message to load usage data").dim()],
+                    vec![
+                        Span::from("visit ").dim(),
+                        "chatgpt.com/codex/settings/usage".cyan().underlined(),
+                    ],
                 )]
             }
         }
     }
 
+    fn rate_limit_row_lines(
+        &self,
+        rows: &[StatusRateLimitRow],
+        available_inner_width: usize,
+        formatter: &FieldFormatter,
+    ) -> Vec<Line<'static>> {
+        let mut lines = Vec::with_capacity(rows.len().saturating_mul(2));
+
+        for row in rows {
+            let value_spans = vec![
+                Span::from(render_status_limit_progress_bar(row.percent_used)),
+                Span::from(" "),
+                Span::from(format_status_limit_summary(row.percent_used)),
+            ];
+            let base_spans = formatter.full_spans(row.label.as_str(), value_spans);
+            let base_line = Line::from(base_spans.clone());
+
+            if let Some(resets_at) = row.resets_at.as_ref() {
+                let resets_span = Span::from(format!("(resets {resets_at})")).dim();
+                let mut inline_spans = base_spans.clone();
+                inline_spans.push(Span::from(" ").dim());
+                inline_spans.push(resets_span.clone());
+
+                if line_display_width(&Line::from(inline_spans.clone())) <= available_inner_width {
+                    lines.push(Line::from(inline_spans));
+                } else {
+                    lines.push(base_line);
+                    lines.push(formatter.continuation(vec![resets_span]));
+                }
+            } else {
+                lines.push(base_line);
+            }
+        }
+
+        lines
+    }
+
     fn collect_rate_limit_labels(&self, seen: &mut BTreeSet<String>, labels: &mut Vec<String>) {
         match &self.rate_limits {
             StatusRateLimitData::Available(rows) => {
@@ -223,6 +254,12 @@ impl StatusHistoryCell {
                     }
                 }
             }
+            StatusRateLimitData::Stale(rows) => {
+                for row in rows {
+                    push_label(labels, seen, row.label.as_str());
+                }
+                push_label(labels, seen, "Warning");
+            }
             StatusRateLimitData::Missing => push_label(labels, seen, "Limits"),
         }
     }

codex-rs/tui/src/status/rate_limits.rs

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ use crate::chatwidget::get_limits_duration;
 
 use super::helpers::format_reset_timestamp;
 use chrono::DateTime;
+use chrono::Duration as ChronoDuration;
 use chrono::Local;
 use chrono::Utc;
 use codex_core::protocol::RateLimitSnapshot;
@@ -21,9 +22,12 @@ pub(crate) struct StatusRateLimitRow {
 #[derive(Debug, Clone)]
 pub(crate) enum StatusRateLimitData {
     Available(Vec<StatusRateLimitRow>),
+    Stale(Vec<StatusRateLimitRow>),
     Missing,
 }
 
+pub(crate) const RATE_LIMIT_STALE_THRESHOLD_MINUTES: i64 = 15;
+
 #[derive(Debug, Clone)]
 pub(crate) struct RateLimitWindowDisplay {
     pub used_percent: f64,
@@ -49,6 +53,7 @@ impl RateLimitWindowDisplay {
 
 #[derive(Debug, Clone)]
 pub(crate) struct RateLimitSnapshotDisplay {
+    pub captured_at: DateTime<Local>,
     pub primary: Option<RateLimitWindowDisplay>,
     pub secondary: Option<RateLimitWindowDisplay>,
 }
@@ -58,6 +63,7 @@ pub(crate) fn rate_limit_snapshot_display(
     captured_at: DateTime<Local>,
 ) -> RateLimitSnapshotDisplay {
     RateLimitSnapshotDisplay {
+        captured_at,
         primary: snapshot
             .primary
             .as_ref()
@@ -71,6 +77,7 @@ pub(crate) fn rate_limit_snapshot_display(
 
 pub(crate) fn compose_rate_limit_data(
     snapshot: Option<&RateLimitSnapshotDisplay>,
+    now: DateTime<Local>,
 ) -> StatusRateLimitData {
     match snapshot {
         Some(snapshot) => {
@@ -102,8 +109,13 @@ pub(crate) fn compose_rate_limit_data(
                 });
             }
 
+            let is_stale = now.signed_duration_since(snapshot.captured_at)
+                > ChronoDuration::minutes(RATE_LIMIT_STALE_THRESHOLD_MINUTES);
+
             if rows.is_empty() {
                 StatusRateLimitData::Available(vec![])
+            } else if is_stale {
+                StatusRateLimitData::Stale(rows)
             } else {
                 StatusRateLimitData::Available(rows)
             }

codex-rs/tui/src/status/snapshots/codex_tui__status__tests__status_snapshot_shows_missing_limits_message.snap

@@ -15,5 +15,5 @@ expression: sanitized
 │                                                                 │
 │  Token usage:      750 total  (500 input + 250 output)          │
 │  Context window:   100% left (750 used / 272K)                  │
-│  Limits:           send a message to load usage data            │
+│  Limits:           visit chatgpt.com/codex/settings/usage       │
 ╰─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╯

codex-rs/tui/src/status/snapshots/codex_tui__status__tests__status_snapshot_shows_stale_limits_message.snap

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+---
+source: tui/src/status/tests.rs
+expression: sanitized
+---
+/status
+
+╭─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╮
+│  >_ OpenAI Codex (v0.0.0)                                           │
+│                                                                     │
+│  Model:            gpt-5-codex (reasoning none, summaries auto)     │
+│  Directory: [[workspace]]                                           │
+│  Approval:         on-request                                       │
+│  Sandbox:          read-only                                        │
+│  Agents.md:        <none>                                           │
+│                                                                     │
+│  Token usage:      1.9K total  (1K input + 900 output)              │
+│  Context window:   100% left (2.1K used / 272K)                     │
+│  5h limit:         [███████████████░░░░░] 72% used (resets 03:14)   │
+│  Weekly limit:     [████████░░░░░░░░░░░░] 40% used (resets 03:34)   │
+│  Warning:          limits may be stale - start new turn to refresh. │
+╰─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╯

codex-rs/tui/src/status/tests.rs

@@ -111,7 +111,14 @@ fn status_snapshot_includes_reasoning_details() {
     };
     let rate_display = rate_limit_snapshot_display(&snapshot, captured_at);
 
-    let composite = new_status_output(&config, &usage, Some(&usage), &None, Some(&rate_display));
+    let composite = new_status_output(
+        &config,
+        &usage,
+        Some(&usage),
+        &None,
+        Some(&rate_display),
+        captured_at,
+    );
     let mut rendered_lines = render_lines(&composite.display_lines(80));
     if cfg!(windows) {
         for line in &mut rendered_lines {
@@ -152,7 +159,14 @@ fn status_snapshot_includes_monthly_limit() {
     };
     let rate_display = rate_limit_snapshot_display(&snapshot, captured_at);
 
-    let composite = new_status_output(&config, &usage, Some(&usage), &None, Some(&rate_display));
+    let composite = new_status_output(
+        &config,
+        &usage,
+        Some(&usage),
+        &None,
+        Some(&rate_display),
+        captured_at,
+    );
     let mut rendered_lines = render_lines(&composite.display_lines(80));
     if cfg!(windows) {
         for line in &mut rendered_lines {
@@ -178,7 +192,12 @@ fn status_card_token_usage_excludes_cached_tokens() {
         total_tokens: 2_100,
     };
 
-    let composite = new_status_output(&config, &usage, Some(&usage), &None, None);
+    let now = chrono::Local
+        .with_ymd_and_hms(2024, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0)
+        .single()
+        .expect("timestamp");
+
+    let composite = new_status_output(&config, &usage, Some(&usage), &None, None, now);
     let rendered = render_lines(&composite.display_lines(120));
 
     assert!(
@@ -219,7 +238,14 @@ fn status_snapshot_truncates_in_narrow_terminal() {
     };
     let rate_display = rate_limit_snapshot_display(&snapshot, captured_at);
 
-    let composite = new_status_output(&config, &usage, Some(&usage), &None, Some(&rate_display));
+    let composite = new_status_output(
+        &config,
+        &usage,
+        Some(&usage),
+        &None,
+        Some(&rate_display),
+        captured_at,
+    );
     let mut rendered_lines = render_lines(&composite.display_lines(46));
     if cfg!(windows) {
         for line in &mut rendered_lines {
@@ -246,7 +272,12 @@ fn status_snapshot_shows_missing_limits_message() {
         total_tokens: 750,
     };
 
-    let composite = new_status_output(&config, &usage, Some(&usage), &None, None);
+    let now = chrono::Local
+        .with_ymd_and_hms(2024, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6)
+        .single()
+        .expect("timestamp");
+
+    let composite = new_status_output(&config, &usage, Some(&usage), &None, None, now);
     let mut rendered_lines = render_lines(&composite.display_lines(80));
     if cfg!(windows) {
         for line in &mut rendered_lines {
@@ -282,7 +313,66 @@ fn status_snapshot_shows_empty_limits_message() {
         .expect("timestamp");
     let rate_display = rate_limit_snapshot_display(&snapshot, captured_at);
 
-    let composite = new_status_output(&config, &usage, Some(&usage), &None, Some(&rate_display));
+    let composite = new_status_output(
+        &config,
+        &usage,
+        Some(&usage),
+        &None,
+        Some(&rate_display),
+        captured_at,
+    );
+    let mut rendered_lines = render_lines(&composite.display_lines(80));
+    if cfg!(windows) {
+        for line in &mut rendered_lines {
+            *line = line.replace('\\', "/");
+        }
+    }
+    let sanitized = sanitize_directory(rendered_lines).join("\n");
+    assert_snapshot!(sanitized);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn status_snapshot_shows_stale_limits_message() {
+    let temp_home = TempDir::new().expect("temp home");
+    let mut config = test_config(&temp_home);
+    config.model = "gpt-5-codex".to_string();
+    config.cwd = PathBuf::from("/workspace/tests");
+
+    let usage = TokenUsage {
+        input_tokens: 1_200,
+        cached_input_tokens: 200,
+        output_tokens: 900,
+        reasoning_output_tokens: 150,
+        total_tokens: 2_250,
+    };
+
+    let captured_at = chrono::Local
+        .with_ymd_and_hms(2024, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
+        .single()
+        .expect("timestamp");
+    let snapshot = RateLimitSnapshot {
+        primary: Some(RateLimitWindow {
+            used_percent: 72.5,
+            window_minutes: Some(300),
+            resets_at: Some(reset_at_from(&captured_at, 600)),
+        }),
+        secondary: Some(RateLimitWindow {
+            used_percent: 40.0,
+            window_minutes: Some(10_080),
+            resets_at: Some(reset_at_from(&captured_at, 1_800)),
+        }),
+    };
+    let rate_display = rate_limit_snapshot_display(&snapshot, captured_at);
+    let now = captured_at + ChronoDuration::minutes(20);
+
+    let composite = new_status_output(
+        &config,
+        &usage,
+        Some(&usage),
+        &None,
+        Some(&rate_display),
+        now,
+    );
     let mut rendered_lines = render_lines(&composite.display_lines(80));
     if cfg!(windows) {
         for line in &mut rendered_lines {
@@ -314,7 +404,12 @@ fn status_context_window_uses_last_usage() {
         total_tokens: 13_679,
     };
 
-    let composite = new_status_output(&config, &total_usage, Some(&last_usage), &None, None);
+    let now = chrono::Local
+        .with_ymd_and_hms(2024, 6, 1, 12, 0, 0)
+        .single()
+        .expect("timestamp");
+
+    let composite = new_status_output(&config, &total_usage, Some(&last_usage), &None, None, now);
     let rendered_lines = render_lines(&composite.display_lines(80));
     let context_line = rendered_lines
         .into_iter()

docs/faq.md

@@ -42,3 +42,14 @@ Running Codex directly on Windows may work, but is not officially supported. We
 ### Where should I start after installation?
 
 Follow the quick setup in [Install & build](./install.md) and then jump into [Getting started](./getting-started.md) for interactive usage tips, prompt examples, and AGENTS.md guidance.
+
+### `brew upgrade codex` isn't upgrading me
+
+If you're running Codex v0.46.0 or older, `brew upgrade codex` will not move you to the latest version because we migrated from a Homebrew formula to a cask. To upgrade, uninstall the existing oudated formula and then install the new cask:
+
+```bash
+brew uninstall --formula codex
+brew install --cask codex
+```
+
+After reinstalling, `brew upgrade --cask codex` will keep future releases up to date.