Eric Traut c0f7e1b99f [2 of 2] Start fresh TUI thread in background (#23176)
## Why

After the terminal-probe work in #23175, fresh-session startup still
waits for `thread/start` before the chat input can become usable. The
chat widget already has the machinery to hold early submissions until a
session is configured, so fresh `thread/start` does not need to stay on
the input-ready hot path.

Refs #16335.

## What

This PR starts fresh app-server threads in a background task, reports
completion through a startup app event, and attaches the primary session
once `thread/start` returns. Resume and fork startup paths remain
synchronous.

## Benchmark

In the local pty startup benchmark, this PR's pre-optimization base
branch, #23175, measured about 152ms median from launch to accepted chat
input. The stacked result measured about 66ms median, for an approximate
additional savings of 85-95ms. For broader context, the original `main`
baseline before either startup optimization was about 250.5ms median. We
also measured Codex 0.117.0 on the same machine at about 64.6ms median,
so the stacked branch is back in the old-startup-time range.

## Stack

1. [#23175: [1 of 2] Optimize TUI startup terminal
probes](https://github.com/openai/codex/pull/23175) — base PR
2. [#23176: [2 of 2] Start fresh TUI thread in
background](https://github.com/openai/codex/pull/23176) — this PR

## Verification

- `cargo test -p codex-tui`
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