simplify: remove unused Fiber import, parallelize branch checks, drop WHAT comments

- Move runStartCommand/runStartScript/runStartScripts inside layer with spawner
- Replace queueStartScripts with Effect.forkIn(scope)
- Delete dead async helpers: exists, sweep, canonical, candidate
- Remove unused imports: Process, git (from util)
- Rename Effect-suffixed helpers: canonicalEffect→canonical, etc.
- Only prune remains async (called from sweep via Effect.promise)

bun.lock

@@ -337,8 +337,8 @@
         "@opencode-ai/sdk": "workspace:*",
         "@opencode-ai/util": "workspace:*",
         "@openrouter/ai-sdk-provider": "1.5.4",
-        "@opentui/core": "0.1.87",
-        "@opentui/solid": "0.1.87",
+        "@opentui/core": "0.1.88",
+        "@opentui/solid": "0.1.88",
         "@parcel/watcher": "2.5.1",
         "@pierre/diffs": "catalog:",
         "@solid-primitives/event-bus": "1.1.2",
@@ -1447,21 +1447,21 @@
 
     "@opentelemetry/api": ["@opentelemetry/api@1.9.0", "", {}, "sha512-3giAOQvZiH5F9bMlMiv8+GSPMeqg0dbaeo58/0SlA9sxSqZhnUtxzX9/2FzyhS9sWQf5S0GJE0AKBrFqjpeYcg=="],
 
-    "@opentui/core": ["@opentui/core@0.1.87", "", { "dependencies": { "bun-ffi-structs": "0.1.2", "diff": "8.0.2", "jimp": "1.6.0", "marked": "17.0.1", "yoga-layout": "3.2.1" }, "optionalDependencies": { "@dimforge/rapier2d-simd-compat": "^0.17.3", "@opentui/core-darwin-arm64": "0.1.87", "@opentui/core-darwin-x64": "0.1.87", "@opentui/core-linux-arm64": "0.1.87", "@opentui/core-linux-x64": "0.1.87", "@opentui/core-win32-arm64": "0.1.87", "@opentui/core-win32-x64": "0.1.87", "bun-webgpu": "0.1.5", "planck": "^1.4.2", "three": "0.177.0" }, "peerDependencies": { "web-tree-sitter": "0.25.10" } }, "sha512-dhsmMv0IqKftwG7J/pBrLBj2armsYIg5R3LBvciRQI/6X89GufP4l1u0+QTACAx6iR4SYJJNVNQ2tdX8LM9rMw=="],
+    "@opentui/core": ["@opentui/core@0.1.88", "", { "dependencies": { "bun-ffi-structs": "0.1.2", "diff": "8.0.2", "jimp": "1.6.0", "marked": "17.0.1", "yoga-layout": "3.2.1" }, "optionalDependencies": { "@dimforge/rapier2d-simd-compat": "^0.17.3", "@opentui/core-darwin-arm64": "0.1.88", "@opentui/core-darwin-x64": "0.1.88", "@opentui/core-linux-arm64": "0.1.88", "@opentui/core-linux-x64": "0.1.88", "@opentui/core-win32-arm64": "0.1.88", "@opentui/core-win32-x64": "0.1.88", "bun-webgpu": "0.1.5", "planck": "^1.4.2", "three": "0.177.0" }, "peerDependencies": { "web-tree-sitter": "0.25.10" } }, "sha512-eaDVZfAzZraddOIkgWSHMVkyaY0O20foYnPWKPQx1TY4t7G1oatIoan2zkytx67epW+4BZQ9vGib+61/uNM1MA=="],
 
-    "@opentui/core-darwin-arm64": ["@opentui/core-darwin-arm64@0.1.87", "", { "os": "darwin", "cpu": "arm64" }, "sha512-G8oq85diOfkU6n0T1CxCle7oDmpKxwhcdhZ9khBMU5IrfLx9ZDuCM3F6MsiRQWdvPPCq2oomNbd64bYkPamYgw=="],
+    "@opentui/core-darwin-arm64": ["@opentui/core-darwin-arm64@0.1.88", "", { "os": "darwin", "cpu": "arm64" }, "sha512-oGRexWwZFeQJymOK5ORrLrwJUbPHMYaFa0EcLnlhvPnymm1xyMcRKm39ez0WSIdtiCCi/PmMHX95CfyyJB5VMA=="],
 
-    "@opentui/core-darwin-x64": ["@opentui/core-darwin-x64@0.1.87", "", { "os": "darwin", "cpu": "x64" }, "sha512-MYTFQfOHm6qO7YaY4GHK9u/oJlXY6djaaxl5I+k4p2mk3vvuFIl/AP1ypITwBFjyV5gyp7PRWFp4nGfY9oN8bw=="],
+    "@opentui/core-darwin-x64": ["@opentui/core-darwin-x64@0.1.88", "", { "os": "darwin", "cpu": "x64" }, "sha512-ddnruYpXt7gXsAqZoQzNrHtZ50niYQfESVT3rhE5qgsz7zoWBdKe/RxLKcb6zQmHMZML6SjSh0NrMG86lsH4dQ=="],
 
-    "@opentui/core-linux-arm64": ["@opentui/core-linux-arm64@0.1.87", "", { "os": "linux", "cpu": "arm64" }, "sha512-he8o1h5M6oskRJ7wE+xKJgmWnv5ZwN6gB3M/Z+SeHtOMPa5cZmi3TefTjG54llEgFfx0F9RcqHof7TJ/GNxRkw=="],
+    "@opentui/core-linux-arm64": ["@opentui/core-linux-arm64@0.1.88", "", { "os": "linux", "cpu": "arm64" }, "sha512-jfcU/Sw8re3aWWb9cQ4OXmVNp/pchu6lgDRqvfy0EKTpzd7CNIu6a0xm+rcUKiPO7BrTrwtumT5/jZWWgCdHlg=="],
 
-    "@opentui/core-linux-x64": ["@opentui/core-linux-x64@0.1.87", "", { "os": "linux", "cpu": "x64" }, "sha512-aiUwjPlH4yDcB8/6YDKSmMkaoGAAltL0Xo0AzXyAtJXWK5tkCSaYjEVwzJ/rYRkr4Magnad+Mjth4AQUWdR2AA=="],
+    "@opentui/core-linux-x64": ["@opentui/core-linux-x64@0.1.88", "", { "os": "linux", "cpu": "x64" }, "sha512-nyfilOYLu6XWRlPl1R0Y6WzdL+jVdIFnwShBWcZL+QC5HiJnQc6LKy5yX8uv0fVbY5xs1wBvlHVeUj1UwFQyFQ=="],
 
-    "@opentui/core-win32-arm64": ["@opentui/core-win32-arm64@0.1.87", "", { "os": "win32", "cpu": "arm64" }, "sha512-cmP0pOyREjWGniHqbDmaMY7U+1AyagrD8VseJbU0cGpNgVpG2/gbrJUGdfdLB0SNb+mzLdx6SOjdxtrElwRCQA=="],
+    "@opentui/core-win32-arm64": ["@opentui/core-win32-arm64@0.1.88", "", { "os": "win32", "cpu": "arm64" }, "sha512-jv/dQwcku7YZ4lNnYjivVvjPwTfDfzGfcplUqHxmirnv1Q1pZL1qS5wH1PV6RhAKN779vHTvnYMD4OgHWzqVaA=="],
 
-    "@opentui/core-win32-x64": ["@opentui/core-win32-x64@0.1.87", "", { "os": "win32", "cpu": "x64" }, "sha512-N2GErAAP8iODf2RPp86pilPaVKiD6G4pkpZL5nLGbKsl0bndrVTpSqZcn8+/nQwFZDPD/AsiRTYNOfWOblhzOw=="],
+    "@opentui/core-win32-x64": ["@opentui/core-win32-x64@0.1.88", "", { "os": "win32", "cpu": "x64" }, "sha512-saGvsQqwL8H7B0VBCQ+szMCKh9WIfTebOR8cwPa2+DR+1FnrEG2I4kiikoj4hfYfRMX18A0A11vQxSh3vvy8Ig=="],
 
-    "@opentui/solid": ["@opentui/solid@0.1.87", "", { "dependencies": { "@babel/core": "7.28.0", "@babel/preset-typescript": "7.27.1", "@opentui/core": "0.1.87", "babel-plugin-module-resolver": "5.0.2", "babel-preset-solid": "1.9.9", "entities": "7.0.1", "s-js": "^0.4.9" }, "peerDependencies": { "solid-js": "1.9.9" } }, "sha512-lRT9t30l8+FtgOjjWJcdb2MT6hP8/RKqwGgYwTI7fXrOqdhxxwdP2SM+rH2l3suHeASheiTdlvPAo230iUcsvg=="],
+    "@opentui/solid": ["@opentui/solid@0.1.88", "", { "dependencies": { "@babel/core": "7.28.0", "@babel/preset-typescript": "7.27.1", "@opentui/core": "0.1.88", "babel-plugin-module-resolver": "5.0.2", "babel-preset-solid": "1.9.10", "entities": "7.0.1", "s-js": "^0.4.9" }, "peerDependencies": { "solid-js": "1.9.11" } }, "sha512-hAqMBk3u/MnUapOmRPdMZinXPOFC+5ccmW1rEQRf9HpShRlZfyg9/u+wUI5rUavyeNFtka92Mtjf/N4AKQpwuA=="],
 
     "@oslojs/asn1": ["@oslojs/asn1@1.0.0", "", { "dependencies": { "@oslojs/binary": "1.0.0" } }, "sha512-zw/wn0sj0j0QKbIXfIlnEcTviaCzYOY3V5rAyjR6YtOByFtJiT574+8p9Wlach0lZH9fddD4yb9laEAIl4vXQA=="],
 
@@ -5203,8 +5203,6 @@
 
     "@opentui/solid/@babel/core": ["@babel/core@7.28.0", "", { "dependencies": { "@ampproject/remapping": "^2.2.0", "@babel/code-frame": "^7.27.1", "@babel/generator": "^7.28.0", "@babel/helper-compilation-targets": "^7.27.2", "@babel/helper-module-transforms": "^7.27.3", "@babel/helpers": "^7.27.6", "@babel/parser": "^7.28.0", "@babel/template": "^7.27.2", "@babel/traverse": "^7.28.0", "@babel/types": "^7.28.0", "convert-source-map": "^2.0.0", "debug": "^4.1.0", "gensync": "^1.0.0-beta.2", "json5": "^2.2.3", "semver": "^6.3.1" } }, "sha512-UlLAnTPrFdNGoFtbSXwcGFQBtQZJCNjaN6hQNP3UPvuNXT1i82N26KL3dZeIpNalWywr9IuQuncaAfUaS1g6sQ=="],
 
-    "@opentui/solid/babel-preset-solid": ["babel-preset-solid@1.9.9", "", { "dependencies": { "babel-plugin-jsx-dom-expressions": "^0.40.1" }, "peerDependencies": { "@babel/core": "^7.0.0", "solid-js": "^1.9.8" }, "optionalPeers": ["solid-js"] }, "sha512-pCnxWrciluXCeli/dj5PIEHgbNzim3evtTn12snjqqg8QZWJNMjH1AWIp4iG/tbVjqQ72aBEymMSagvmgxubXw=="],
-
     "@oslojs/jwt/@oslojs/encoding": ["@oslojs/encoding@0.4.1", "", {}, "sha512-hkjo6MuIK/kQR5CrGNdAPZhS01ZCXuWDRJ187zh6qqF2+yMHZpD9fAYpX8q2bOO6Ryhl3XpCT6kUX76N8hhm4Q=="],
 
     "@pierre/diffs/@shikijs/transformers": ["@shikijs/transformers@3.20.0", "", { "dependencies": { "@shikijs/core": "3.20.0", "@shikijs/types": "3.20.0" } }, "sha512-PrHHMRr3Q5W1qB/42kJW6laqFyWdhrPF2hNR9qjOm1xcSiAO3hAHo7HaVyHE6pMyevmy3i51O8kuGGXC78uK3g=="],

nix/hashes.json

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 {
   "nodeModules": {
-    "x86_64-linux": "sha256-WXQ4b1hHFk2vDWz41fJmj+z0twee6r0YR0JGH0iw0ZI=",
-    "aarch64-linux": "sha256-YIdnfkHGLfUq3cZkycvL7DQ8BvC5X+VDia7UTLgJBx8=",
-    "aarch64-darwin": "sha256-bMUeI1LcBYgKBwG92WazTgxNryZF2Gv9iQgK46Pd+3A=",
-    "x86_64-darwin": "sha256-fJbEd1j8ObZ2OMykYVU6v0uI1gy2eoCFIZ9ovuiNeLY="
+    "x86_64-linux": "sha256-u+uZX7mhtm5eywGybB7/MjBMG2xl4Ve9VG33AAFgNno=",
+    "aarch64-linux": "sha256-pc1Xhd2bkwNohGMtzRnEuS5ZN1qWhJncYhNVAXega1g=",
+    "aarch64-darwin": "sha256-A5qUpqgm9ZFvWVhn/WdiX4lVs4ihbAclJDvCFAmx5Wg=",
+    "x86_64-darwin": "sha256-ECLrMGE51AlYJ4JKDtziDKxhyK7WLt8R+8RVFdXH1WU="
   }
 }

packages/app/e2e/terminal/terminal-tabs.spec.ts

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import type { Page } from "@playwright/test"
 import { runTerminal, waitTerminalReady } from "../actions"
 import { test, expect } from "../fixtures"
-import { terminalSelector } from "../selectors"
+import { dropdownMenuContentSelector, terminalSelector } from "../selectors"
 import { terminalToggleKey, workspacePersistKey } from "../utils"
 
 type State = {
@@ -130,3 +130,39 @@ test("closing the active terminal tab falls back to the previous tab", async ({
       .toEqual({ count: 1, first: true })
   })
 })
+
+test("terminal tab can be renamed from the context menu", async ({ page, withProject }) => {
+  await withProject(async ({ directory, gotoSession }) => {
+    const key = workspacePersistKey(directory, "terminal")
+    const rename = `E2E term ${Date.now()}`
+    const tab = page.locator('#terminal-panel [data-slot="tabs-trigger"]').first()
+
+    await gotoSession()
+    await open(page)
+
+    await expect(tab).toContainText(/Terminal 1/)
+    await tab.click({ button: "right" })
+
+    const menu = page.locator(dropdownMenuContentSelector).first()
+    await expect(menu).toBeVisible()
+    await menu.getByRole("menuitem", { name: /^Rename$/i }).click()
+    await expect(menu).toHaveCount(0)
+
+    const input = page.locator('#terminal-panel input[type="text"]').first()
+    await expect(input).toBeVisible()
+    await input.fill(rename)
+    await input.press("Enter")
+
+    await expect(input).toHaveCount(0)
+    await expect(tab).toContainText(rename)
+    await expect
+      .poll(
+        async () => {
+          const state = await store(page, key)
+          return state?.all[0]?.title
+        },
+        { timeout: 5_000 },
+      )
+      .toBe(rename)
+  })
+})

packages/app/src/components/session/session-sortable-terminal-tab.tsx

@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ export function SortableTerminalTab(props: { terminal: LocalPTY; onClose?: () =>
   })
   let input: HTMLInputElement | undefined
   let blurFrame: number | undefined
+  let editRequested = false
 
   const isDefaultTitle = () => {
     const number = props.terminal.titleNumber
@@ -168,8 +169,14 @@ export function SortableTerminalTab(props: { terminal: LocalPTY; onClose?: () =>
                 left: `${store.menuPosition.x}px`,
                 top: `${store.menuPosition.y}px`,
               }}
+              onCloseAutoFocus={(e) => {
+                if (!editRequested) return
+                e.preventDefault()
+                editRequested = false
+                requestAnimationFrame(() => edit())
+              }}
             >
-              <DropdownMenu.Item onSelect={edit}>
+              <DropdownMenu.Item onSelect={() => (editRequested = true)}>
                 <Icon name="edit" class="w-4 h-4 mr-2" />
                 {language.t("common.rename")}
               </DropdownMenu.Item>

packages/app/src/pages/layout.tsx

@@ -2368,14 +2368,12 @@ export default function Layout(props: ParentProps) {
                     size={layout.sidebar.width()}
                     min={244}
                     max={typeof window === "undefined" ? 1000 : window.innerWidth * 0.3 + 64}
-                    collapseThreshold={244}
                     onResize={(w) => {
                       setState("sizing", true)
                       if (sizet !== undefined) clearTimeout(sizet)
                       sizet = window.setTimeout(() => setState("sizing", false), 120)
                       layout.sidebar.resize(w)
                     }}
-                    onCollapse={layout.sidebar.close}
                   />
                 </div>
               </Show>

packages/opencode/package.json

@@ -101,8 +101,8 @@
     "@opencode-ai/sdk": "workspace:*",
     "@opencode-ai/util": "workspace:*",
     "@openrouter/ai-sdk-provider": "1.5.4",
-    "@opentui/core": "0.1.87",
-    "@opentui/solid": "0.1.87",
+    "@opentui/core": "0.1.88",
+    "@opentui/solid": "0.1.88",
     "@parcel/watcher": "2.5.1",
     "@pierre/diffs": "catalog:",
     "@solid-primitives/event-bus": "1.1.2",

packages/opencode/specs/effect-migration.md

@@ -75,6 +75,40 @@ export const ZodInfo = zod(Info) // derives z.ZodType from Schema.Union
 
 See `Auth.ZodInfo` for the canonical example.
 
+## InstanceState init patterns
+
+The `InstanceState.make` init callback receives a `Scope`, so you can use `Effect.acquireRelease`, `Effect.addFinalizer`, and `Effect.forkScoped` inside it. Resources acquired this way are automatically cleaned up when the instance is disposed or invalidated by `ScopedCache`. This makes it the right place for:
+
+- **Subscriptions**: Use `Effect.acquireRelease` to subscribe and auto-unsubscribe:
+
+```ts
+const cache =
+  yield *
+  InstanceState.make<State>(
+    Effect.fn("Foo.state")(function* (ctx) {
+      // ... load state ...
+
+      yield* Effect.acquireRelease(
+        Effect.sync(() =>
+          Bus.subscribeAll((event) => {
+            /* handle */
+          }),
+        ),
+        (unsub) => Effect.sync(unsub),
+      )
+
+      return {
+        /* state */
+      }
+    }),
+  )
+```
+
+- **Background fibers**: Use `Effect.forkScoped` — the fiber is interrupted on disposal.
+- **Side effects at init**: Config notification, event wiring, etc. all belong in the init closure. Callers just do `InstanceState.get(cache)` to trigger everything, and `ScopedCache` deduplicates automatically.
+
+The key insight: don't split init into a separate method with a `started` flag. Put everything in the `InstanceState.make` closure and let `ScopedCache` handle the run-once semantics.
+
 ## Scheduled Tasks
 
 For loops or periodic work, use `Effect.repeat` or `Effect.schedule` with `Effect.forkScoped` in the layer definition.
@@ -123,15 +157,16 @@ Fully migrated (single namespace, InstanceState where needed, flattened facade):
 - [x] `Truncate` — `tool/truncate.ts`
 - [x] `Vcs` — `project/vcs.ts`
 - [x] `Discovery` — `skill/discovery.ts`
+- [x] `SessionStatus`
 
 Still open and likely worth migrating:
 
-- [ ] `Plugin`
-- [ ] `ToolRegistry`
+- [x] `Plugin`
+- [x] `ToolRegistry`
 - [ ] `Pty`
-- [ ] `Worktree`
+- [x] `Worktree`
 - [ ] `Bus`
-- [ ] `Command`
+- [x] `Command`
 - [ ] `Config`
 - [ ] `Session`
 - [ ] `SessionProcessor`

packages/opencode/src/cli/cmd/tui/component/prompt/index.tsx

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { BoxRenderable, TextareaRenderable, MouseEvent, PasteEvent, t, dim, fg } from "@opentui/core"
+import { BoxRenderable, TextareaRenderable, MouseEvent, PasteEvent, decodePasteBytes, t, dim, fg } from "@opentui/core"
 import { createEffect, createMemo, type JSX, onMount, createSignal, onCleanup, on, Show, Switch, Match } from "solid-js"
 import "opentui-spinner/solid"
 import path from "path"
@@ -934,7 +934,7 @@ export function Prompt(props: PromptProps) {
                 // Normalize line endings at the boundary
                 // Windows ConPTY/Terminal often sends CR-only newlines in bracketed paste
                 // Replace CRLF first, then any remaining CR
-                const normalizedText = event.text.replace(/\r\n/g, "\n").replace(/\r/g, "\n")
+                const normalizedText = decodePasteBytes(event.bytes).replace(/\r\n/g, "\n").replace(/\r/g, "\n")
                 const pastedContent = normalizedText.trim()
                 if (!pastedContent) {
                   command.trigger("prompt.paste")

packages/opencode/src/command/index.ts

@@ -1,15 +1,23 @@
 import { BusEvent } from "@/bus/bus-event"
+import { InstanceState } from "@/effect/instance-state"
+import { makeRunPromise } from "@/effect/run-service"
 import { SessionID, MessageID } from "@/session/schema"
+import { Effect, Layer, ServiceMap } from "effect"
 import z from "zod"
 import { Config } from "../config/config"
-import { Instance } from "../project/instance"
-import { Identifier } from "../id/id"
-import PROMPT_INITIALIZE from "./template/initialize.txt"
-import PROMPT_REVIEW from "./template/review.txt"
 import { MCP } from "../mcp"
 import { Skill } from "../skill"
+import { Log } from "../util/log"
+import PROMPT_INITIALIZE from "./template/initialize.txt"
+import PROMPT_REVIEW from "./template/review.txt"
 
 export namespace Command {
+  const log = Log.create({ service: "command" })
+
+  type State = {
+    commands: Record<string, Info>
+  }
+
   export const Event = {
     Executed: BusEvent.define(
       "command.executed",
@@ -42,7 +50,7 @@ export namespace Command {
   // for some reason zod is inferring `string` for z.promise(z.string()).or(z.string()) so we have to manually override it
   export type Info = Omit<z.infer<typeof Info>, "template"> & { template: Promise<string> | string }
 
-  export function hints(template: string): string[] {
+  export function hints(template: string) {
     const result: string[] = []
     const numbered = template.match(/\$\d+/g)
     if (numbered) {
@@ -57,95 +65,121 @@ export namespace Command {
     REVIEW: "review",
   } as const
 
-  const state = Instance.state(async () => {
-    const cfg = await Config.get()
+  export interface Interface {
+    readonly get: (name: string) => Effect.Effect<Info | undefined>
+    readonly list: () => Effect.Effect<Info[]>
+  }
 
-    const result: Record<string, Info> = {
-      [Default.INIT]: {
-        name: Default.INIT,
-        description: "create/update AGENTS.md",
-        source: "command",
-        get template() {
-          return PROMPT_INITIALIZE.replace("${path}", Instance.worktree)
-        },
-        hints: hints(PROMPT_INITIALIZE),
-      },
-      [Default.REVIEW]: {
-        name: Default.REVIEW,
-        description: "review changes [commit|branch|pr], defaults to uncommitted",
-        source: "command",
-        get template() {
-          return PROMPT_REVIEW.replace("${path}", Instance.worktree)
-        },
-        subtask: true,
-        hints: hints(PROMPT_REVIEW),
-      },
-    }
+  export class Service extends ServiceMap.Service<Service, Interface>()("@opencode/Command") {}
 
-    for (const [name, command] of Object.entries(cfg.command ?? {})) {
-      result[name] = {
-        name,
-        agent: command.agent,
-        model: command.model,
-        description: command.description,
-        source: "command",
-        get template() {
-          return command.template
-        },
-        subtask: command.subtask,
-        hints: hints(command.template),
-      }
-    }
-    for (const [name, prompt] of Object.entries(await MCP.prompts())) {
-      result[name] = {
-        name,
-        source: "mcp",
-        description: prompt.description,
-        get template() {
-          // since a getter can't be async we need to manually return a promise here
-          return new Promise<string>(async (resolve, reject) => {
-            const template = await MCP.getPrompt(
-              prompt.client,
-              prompt.name,
-              prompt.arguments
-                ? // substitute each argument with $1, $2, etc.
-                  Object.fromEntries(prompt.arguments?.map((argument, i) => [argument.name, `$${i + 1}`]))
-                : {},
-            ).catch(reject)
-            resolve(
-              template?.messages
-                .map((message) => (message.content.type === "text" ? message.content.text : ""))
-                .join("\n") || "",
-            )
-          })
-        },
-        hints: prompt.arguments?.map((_, i) => `$${i + 1}`) ?? [],
-      }
-    }
+  export const layer = Layer.effect(
+    Service,
+    Effect.gen(function* () {
+      const init = Effect.fn("Command.state")(function* (ctx) {
+        const cfg = yield* Effect.promise(() => Config.get())
+        const commands: Record<string, Info> = {}
 
-    // Add skills as invokable commands
-    for (const skill of await Skill.all()) {
-      // Skip if a command with this name already exists
-      if (result[skill.name]) continue
-      result[skill.name] = {
-        name: skill.name,
-        description: skill.description,
-        source: "skill",
-        get template() {
-          return skill.content
-        },
-        hints: [],
-      }
-    }
+        commands[Default.INIT] = {
+          name: Default.INIT,
+          description: "create/update AGENTS.md",
+          source: "command",
+          get template() {
+            return PROMPT_INITIALIZE.replace("${path}", ctx.worktree)
+          },
+          hints: hints(PROMPT_INITIALIZE),
+        }
+        commands[Default.REVIEW] = {
+          name: Default.REVIEW,
+          description: "review changes [commit|branch|pr], defaults to uncommitted",
+          source: "command",
+          get template() {
+            return PROMPT_REVIEW.replace("${path}", ctx.worktree)
+          },
+          subtask: true,
+          hints: hints(PROMPT_REVIEW),
+        }
 
-    return result
-  })
+        for (const [name, command] of Object.entries(cfg.command ?? {})) {
+          commands[name] = {
+            name,
+            agent: command.agent,
+            model: command.model,
+            description: command.description,
+            source: "command",
+            get template() {
+              return command.template
+            },
+            subtask: command.subtask,
+            hints: hints(command.template),
+          }
+        }
+
+        for (const [name, prompt] of Object.entries(yield* Effect.promise(() => MCP.prompts()))) {
+          commands[name] = {
+            name,
+            source: "mcp",
+            description: prompt.description,
+            get template() {
+              return new Promise<string>(async (resolve, reject) => {
+                const template = await MCP.getPrompt(
+                  prompt.client,
+                  prompt.name,
+                  prompt.arguments
+                    ? Object.fromEntries(prompt.arguments.map((argument, i) => [argument.name, `$${i + 1}`]))
+                    : {},
+                ).catch(reject)
+                resolve(
+                  template?.messages
+                    .map((message) => (message.content.type === "text" ? message.content.text : ""))
+                    .join("\n") || "",
+                )
+              })
+            },
+            hints: prompt.arguments?.map((_, i) => `$${i + 1}`) ?? [],
+          }
+        }
+
+        for (const skill of yield* Effect.promise(() => Skill.all())) {
+          if (commands[skill.name]) continue
+          commands[skill.name] = {
+            name: skill.name,
+            description: skill.description,
+            source: "skill",
+            get template() {
+              return skill.content
+            },
+            hints: [],
+          }
+        }
+
+        return {
+          commands,
+        }
+      })
+
+      const cache = yield* InstanceState.make<State>((ctx) => init(ctx))
+
+      const get = Effect.fn("Command.get")(function* (name: string) {
+        const state = yield* InstanceState.get(cache)
+        return state.commands[name]
+      })
+
+      const list = Effect.fn("Command.list")(function* () {
+        const state = yield* InstanceState.get(cache)
+        return Object.values(state.commands)
+      })
+
+      return Service.of({ get, list })
+    }),
+  )
+
+  const runPromise = makeRunPromise(Service, layer)
 
   export async function get(name: string) {
-    return state().then((x) => x[name])
+    return runPromise((svc) => svc.get(name))
   }
 
   export async function list() {
-    return state().then((x) => Object.values(x))
+    return runPromise((svc) => svc.list())
   }
 }

packages/opencode/src/control-plane/adaptors/worktree.ts

@@ -22,12 +22,11 @@ export const WorktreeAdaptor: Adaptor = {
   },
   async create(info) {
     const config = Config.parse(info)
-    const bootstrap = await Worktree.createFromInfo({
+    await Worktree.createFromInfo({
       name: config.name,
       directory: config.directory,
       branch: config.branch,
     })
-    return bootstrap()
   },
   async remove(info) {
     const config = Config.parse(info)

packages/opencode/src/plugin/index.ts

@@ -5,140 +5,202 @@ import { Log } from "../util/log"
 import { createOpencodeClient } from "@opencode-ai/sdk"
 import { Server } from "../server/server"
 import { BunProc } from "../bun"
-import { Instance } from "../project/instance"
 import { Flag } from "../flag/flag"
 import { CodexAuthPlugin } from "./codex"
 import { Session } from "../session"
 import { NamedError } from "@opencode-ai/util/error"
 import { CopilotAuthPlugin } from "./copilot"
 import { gitlabAuthPlugin as GitlabAuthPlugin } from "opencode-gitlab-auth"
+import { Effect, Layer, ServiceMap } from "effect"
+import { InstanceState } from "@/effect/instance-state"
+import { makeRunPromise } from "@/effect/run-service"
 
 export namespace Plugin {
   const log = Log.create({ service: "plugin" })
 
+  type State = {
+    hooks: Hooks[]
+  }
+
+  // Hook names that follow the (input, output) => Promise<void> trigger pattern
+  type TriggerName = {
+    [K in keyof Hooks]-?: NonNullable<Hooks[K]> extends (input: any, output: any) => Promise<void> ? K : never
+  }[keyof Hooks]
+
+  export interface Interface {
+    readonly trigger: <
+      Name extends TriggerName,
+      Input = Parameters<Required<Hooks>[Name]>[0],
+      Output = Parameters<Required<Hooks>[Name]>[1],
+    >(
+      name: Name,
+      input: Input,
+      output: Output,
+    ) => Effect.Effect<Output>
+    readonly list: () => Effect.Effect<Hooks[]>
+    readonly init: () => Effect.Effect<void>
+  }
+
+  export class Service extends ServiceMap.Service<Service, Interface>()("@opencode/Plugin") {}
+
   // Built-in plugins that are directly imported (not installed from npm)
   const INTERNAL_PLUGINS: PluginInstance[] = [CodexAuthPlugin, CopilotAuthPlugin, GitlabAuthPlugin]
 
-  const state = Instance.state(async () => {
-    const client = createOpencodeClient({
-      baseUrl: "http://localhost:4096",
-      directory: Instance.directory,
-      headers: Flag.OPENCODE_SERVER_PASSWORD
-        ? {
-            Authorization: `Basic ${Buffer.from(`${Flag.OPENCODE_SERVER_USERNAME ?? "opencode"}:${Flag.OPENCODE_SERVER_PASSWORD}`).toString("base64")}`,
-          }
-        : undefined,
-      fetch: async (...args) => Server.Default().fetch(...args),
-    })
-    const config = await Config.get()
-    const hooks: Hooks[] = []
-    const input: PluginInput = {
-      client,
-      project: Instance.project,
-      worktree: Instance.worktree,
-      directory: Instance.directory,
-      get serverUrl(): URL {
-        return Server.url ?? new URL("http://localhost:4096")
-      },
-      $: Bun.$,
-    }
+  // Old npm package names for plugins that are now built-in — skip if users still have them in config
+  const DEPRECATED_PLUGIN_PACKAGES = ["opencode-openai-codex-auth", "opencode-copilot-auth"]
 
-    for (const plugin of INTERNAL_PLUGINS) {
-      log.info("loading internal plugin", { name: plugin.name })
-      const init = await plugin(input).catch((err) => {
-        log.error("failed to load internal plugin", { name: plugin.name, error: err })
+  export const layer = Layer.effect(
+    Service,
+    Effect.gen(function* () {
+      const cache = yield* InstanceState.make<State>(
+        Effect.fn("Plugin.state")(function* (ctx) {
+          const hooks: Hooks[] = []
+
+          yield* Effect.promise(async () => {
+            const client = createOpencodeClient({
+              baseUrl: "http://localhost:4096",
+              directory: ctx.directory,
+              headers: Flag.OPENCODE_SERVER_PASSWORD
+                ? {
+                    Authorization: `Basic ${Buffer.from(`${Flag.OPENCODE_SERVER_USERNAME ?? "opencode"}:${Flag.OPENCODE_SERVER_PASSWORD}`).toString("base64")}`,
+                  }
+                : undefined,
+              fetch: async (...args) => Server.Default().fetch(...args),
+            })
+            const cfg = await Config.get()
+            const input: PluginInput = {
+              client,
+              project: ctx.project,
+              worktree: ctx.worktree,
+              directory: ctx.directory,
+              get serverUrl(): URL {
+                return Server.url ?? new URL("http://localhost:4096")
+              },
+              $: Bun.$,
+            }
+
+            for (const plugin of INTERNAL_PLUGINS) {
+              log.info("loading internal plugin", { name: plugin.name })
+              const init = await plugin(input).catch((err) => {
+                log.error("failed to load internal plugin", { name: plugin.name, error: err })
+              })
+              if (init) hooks.push(init)
+            }
+
+            let plugins = cfg.plugin ?? []
+            if (plugins.length) await Config.waitForDependencies()
+
+            for (let plugin of plugins) {
+              if (DEPRECATED_PLUGIN_PACKAGES.some((pkg) => plugin.includes(pkg))) continue
+              log.info("loading plugin", { path: plugin })
+              if (!plugin.startsWith("file://")) {
+                const idx = plugin.lastIndexOf("@")
+                const pkg = idx > 0 ? plugin.substring(0, idx) : plugin
+                const version = idx > 0 ? plugin.substring(idx + 1) : "latest"
+                plugin = await BunProc.install(pkg, version).catch((err) => {
+                  const cause = err instanceof Error ? err.cause : err
+                  const detail = cause instanceof Error ? cause.message : String(cause ?? err)
+                  log.error("failed to install plugin", { pkg, version, error: detail })
+                  Bus.publish(Session.Event.Error, {
+                    error: new NamedError.Unknown({
+                      message: `Failed to install plugin ${pkg}@${version}: ${detail}`,
+                    }).toObject(),
+                  })
+                  return ""
+                })
+                if (!plugin) continue
+              }
+
+              // Prevent duplicate initialization when plugins export the same function
+              // as both a named export and default export (e.g., `export const X` and `export default X`).
+              // Object.entries(mod) would return both entries pointing to the same function reference.
+              await import(plugin)
+                .then(async (mod) => {
+                  const seen = new Set<PluginInstance>()
+                  for (const [_name, fn] of Object.entries<PluginInstance>(mod)) {
+                    if (seen.has(fn)) continue
+                    seen.add(fn)
+                    hooks.push(await fn(input))
+                  }
+                })
+                .catch((err) => {
+                  const message = err instanceof Error ? err.message : String(err)
+                  log.error("failed to load plugin", { path: plugin, error: message })
+                  Bus.publish(Session.Event.Error, {
+                    error: new NamedError.Unknown({
+                      message: `Failed to load plugin ${plugin}: ${message}`,
+                    }).toObject(),
+                  })
+                })
+            }
+
+            // Notify plugins of current config
+            for (const hook of hooks) {
+              await (hook as any).config?.(cfg)
+            }
+          })
+
+          // Subscribe to bus events, clean up when scope is closed
+          yield* Effect.acquireRelease(
+            Effect.sync(() =>
+              Bus.subscribeAll(async (input) => {
+                for (const hook of hooks) {
+                  hook["event"]?.({ event: input })
+                }
+              }),
+            ),
+            (unsub) => Effect.sync(unsub),
+          )
+
+          return { hooks }
+        }),
+      )
+
+      const trigger = Effect.fn("Plugin.trigger")(function* <
+        Name extends TriggerName,
+        Input = Parameters<Required<Hooks>[Name]>[0],
+        Output = Parameters<Required<Hooks>[Name]>[1],
+      >(name: Name, input: Input, output: Output) {
+        if (!name) return output
+        const state = yield* InstanceState.get(cache)
+        yield* Effect.promise(async () => {
+          for (const hook of state.hooks) {
+            const fn = hook[name] as any
+            if (!fn) continue
+            await fn(input, output)
+          }
+        })
+        return output
       })
-      if (init) hooks.push(init)
-    }
 
-    let plugins = config.plugin ?? []
-    if (plugins.length) await Config.waitForDependencies()
+      const list = Effect.fn("Plugin.list")(function* () {
+        const state = yield* InstanceState.get(cache)
+        return state.hooks
+      })
 
-    for (let plugin of plugins) {
-      // ignore old codex plugin since it is supported first party now
-      if (plugin.includes("opencode-openai-codex-auth") || plugin.includes("opencode-copilot-auth")) continue
-      log.info("loading plugin", { path: plugin })
-      if (!plugin.startsWith("file://")) {
-        const lastAtIndex = plugin.lastIndexOf("@")
-        const pkg = lastAtIndex > 0 ? plugin.substring(0, lastAtIndex) : plugin
-        const version = lastAtIndex > 0 ? plugin.substring(lastAtIndex + 1) : "latest"
-        plugin = await BunProc.install(pkg, version).catch((err) => {
-          const cause = err instanceof Error ? err.cause : err
-          const detail = cause instanceof Error ? cause.message : String(cause ?? err)
-          log.error("failed to install plugin", { pkg, version, error: detail })
-          Bus.publish(Session.Event.Error, {
-            error: new NamedError.Unknown({
-              message: `Failed to install plugin ${pkg}@${version}: ${detail}`,
-            }).toObject(),
-          })
-          return ""
-        })
-        if (!plugin) continue
-      }
-      // Prevent duplicate initialization when plugins export the same function
-      // as both a named export and default export (e.g., `export const X` and `export default X`).
-      // Object.entries(mod) would return both entries pointing to the same function reference.
-      await import(plugin)
-        .then(async (mod) => {
-          const seen = new Set<PluginInstance>()
-          for (const [_name, fn] of Object.entries<PluginInstance>(mod)) {
-            if (seen.has(fn)) continue
-            seen.add(fn)
-            hooks.push(await fn(input))
-          }
-        })
-        .catch((err) => {
-          const message = err instanceof Error ? err.message : String(err)
-          log.error("failed to load plugin", { path: plugin, error: message })
-          Bus.publish(Session.Event.Error, {
-            error: new NamedError.Unknown({
-              message: `Failed to load plugin ${plugin}: ${message}`,
-            }).toObject(),
-          })
-        })
-    }
+      const init = Effect.fn("Plugin.init")(function* () {
+        yield* InstanceState.get(cache)
+      })
 
-    return {
-      hooks,
-      input,
-    }
-  })
+      return Service.of({ trigger, list, init })
+    }),
+  )
+
+  const runPromise = makeRunPromise(Service, layer)
 
   export async function trigger<
-    Name extends Exclude<keyof Required<Hooks>, "auth" | "event" | "tool">,
+    Name extends TriggerName,
     Input = Parameters<Required<Hooks>[Name]>[0],
     Output = Parameters<Required<Hooks>[Name]>[1],
   >(name: Name, input: Input, output: Output): Promise<Output> {
-    if (!name) return output
-    for (const hook of await state().then((x) => x.hooks)) {
-      const fn = hook[name]
-      if (!fn) continue
-      // @ts-expect-error if you feel adventurous, please fix the typing, make sure to bump the try-counter if you
-      // give up.
-      // try-counter: 2
-      await fn(input, output)
-    }
-    return output
+    return runPromise((svc) => svc.trigger(name, input, output))
   }
 
-  export async function list() {
-    return state().then((x) => x.hooks)
+  export async function list(): Promise<Hooks[]> {
+    return runPromise((svc) => svc.list())
   }
 
   export async function init() {
-    const hooks = await state().then((x) => x.hooks)
-    const config = await Config.get()
-    for (const hook of hooks) {
-      // @ts-expect-error this is because we haven't moved plugin to sdk v2
-      await hook.config?.(config)
-    }
-    Bus.subscribeAll(async (input) => {
-      const hooks = await state().then((x) => x.hooks)
-      for (const hook of hooks) {
-        hook["event"]?.({
-          event: input,
-        })
-      }
-    })
+    return runPromise((svc) => svc.init())
   }
 }

packages/opencode/src/pty/index.ts

@@ -1,13 +1,16 @@
 import { BusEvent } from "@/bus/bus-event"
 import { Bus } from "@/bus"
+import { InstanceState } from "@/effect/instance-state"
+import { makeRunPromise } from "@/effect/run-service"
+import { Instance } from "@/project/instance"
 import { type IPty } from "bun-pty"
 import z from "zod"
 import { Log } from "../util/log"
-import { Instance } from "../project/instance"
 import { lazy } from "@opencode-ai/util/lazy"
 import { Shell } from "@/shell/shell"
 import { Plugin } from "@/plugin"
 import { PtyID } from "./schema"
+import { Effect, Layer, ServiceMap } from "effect"
 
 export namespace Pty {
   const log = Log.create({ service: "pty" })
@@ -23,6 +26,20 @@ export namespace Pty {
     close: (code?: number, reason?: string) => void
   }
 
+  type Active = {
+    info: Info
+    process: IPty
+    buffer: string
+    bufferCursor: number
+    cursor: number
+    subscribers: Map<unknown, Socket>
+  }
+
+  type State = {
+    dir: string
+    sessions: Map<PtyID, Active>
+  }
+
   // WebSocket control frame: 0x00 + UTF-8 JSON.
   const meta = (cursor: number) => {
     const json = JSON.stringify({ cursor })
@@ -81,241 +98,300 @@ export namespace Pty {
     Deleted: BusEvent.define("pty.deleted", z.object({ id: PtyID.zod })),
   }
 
-  interface ActiveSession {
-    info: Info
-    process: IPty
-    buffer: string
-    bufferCursor: number
-    cursor: number
-    subscribers: Map<unknown, Socket>
+  export interface Interface {
+    readonly list: () => Effect.Effect<Info[]>
+    readonly get: (id: PtyID) => Effect.Effect<Info | undefined>
+    readonly create: (input: CreateInput) => Effect.Effect<Info>
+    readonly update: (id: PtyID, input: UpdateInput) => Effect.Effect<Info | undefined>
+    readonly remove: (id: PtyID) => Effect.Effect<void>
+    readonly resize: (id: PtyID, cols: number, rows: number) => Effect.Effect<void>
+    readonly write: (id: PtyID, data: string) => Effect.Effect<void>
+    readonly connect: (
+      id: PtyID,
+      ws: Socket,
+      cursor?: number,
+    ) => Effect.Effect<{ onMessage: (message: string | ArrayBuffer) => void; onClose: () => void } | undefined>
   }
 
-  const state = Instance.state(
-    () => new Map<PtyID, ActiveSession>(),
-    async (sessions) => {
-      for (const session of sessions.values()) {
+  export class Service extends ServiceMap.Service<Service, Interface>()("@opencode/Pty") {}
+
+  export const layer = Layer.effect(
+    Service,
+    Effect.gen(function* () {
+      function teardown(session: Active) {
         try {
           session.process.kill()
         } catch {}
         for (const [key, ws] of session.subscribers.entries()) {
           try {
             if (ws.data === key) ws.close()
+          } catch {}
+        }
+        session.subscribers.clear()
+      }
+
+      const cache = yield* InstanceState.make<State>(
+        Effect.fn("Pty.state")(function* (ctx) {
+          const state = {
+            dir: ctx.directory,
+            sessions: new Map<PtyID, Active>(),
+          }
+
+          yield* Effect.addFinalizer(() =>
+            Effect.sync(() => {
+              for (const session of state.sessions.values()) {
+                teardown(session)
+              }
+              state.sessions.clear()
+            }),
+          )
+
+          return state
+        }),
+      )
+
+      const remove = Effect.fn("Pty.remove")(function* (id: PtyID) {
+        const state = yield* InstanceState.get(cache)
+        const session = state.sessions.get(id)
+        if (!session) return
+        state.sessions.delete(id)
+        log.info("removing session", { id })
+        teardown(session)
+        void Bus.publish(Event.Deleted, { id: session.info.id })
+      })
+
+      const list = Effect.fn("Pty.list")(function* () {
+        const state = yield* InstanceState.get(cache)
+        return Array.from(state.sessions.values()).map((session) => session.info)
+      })
+
+      const get = Effect.fn("Pty.get")(function* (id: PtyID) {
+        const state = yield* InstanceState.get(cache)
+        return state.sessions.get(id)?.info
+      })
+
+      const create = Effect.fn("Pty.create")(function* (input: CreateInput) {
+        const state = yield* InstanceState.get(cache)
+        return yield* Effect.promise(async () => {
+          const id = PtyID.ascending()
+          const command = input.command || Shell.preferred()
+          const args = input.args || []
+          if (command.endsWith("sh")) {
+            args.push("-l")
+          }
+
+          const cwd = input.cwd || state.dir
+          const shellEnv = await Plugin.trigger("shell.env", { cwd }, { env: {} })
+          const env = {
+            ...process.env,
+            ...input.env,
+            ...shellEnv.env,
+            TERM: "xterm-256color",
+            OPENCODE_TERMINAL: "1",
+          } as Record<string, string>
+
+          if (process.platform === "win32") {
+            env.LC_ALL = "C.UTF-8"
+            env.LC_CTYPE = "C.UTF-8"
+            env.LANG = "C.UTF-8"
+          }
+          log.info("creating session", { id, cmd: command, args, cwd })
+
+          const spawn = await pty()
+          const proc = spawn(command, args, {
+            name: "xterm-256color",
+            cwd,
+            env,
+          })
+
+          const info = {
+            id,
+            title: input.title || `Terminal ${id.slice(-4)}`,
+            command,
+            args,
+            cwd,
+            status: "running",
+            pid: proc.pid,
+          } as const
+          const session: Active = {
+            info,
+            process: proc,
+            buffer: "",
+            bufferCursor: 0,
+            cursor: 0,
+            subscribers: new Map(),
+          }
+          state.sessions.set(id, session)
+          proc.onData(
+            Instance.bind((chunk) => {
+              session.cursor += chunk.length
+
+              for (const [key, ws] of session.subscribers.entries()) {
+                if (ws.readyState !== 1) {
+                  session.subscribers.delete(key)
+                  continue
+                }
+                if (ws.data !== key) {
+                  session.subscribers.delete(key)
+                  continue
+                }
+                try {
+                  ws.send(chunk)
+                } catch {
+                  session.subscribers.delete(key)
+                }
+              }
+
+              session.buffer += chunk
+              if (session.buffer.length <= BUFFER_LIMIT) return
+              const excess = session.buffer.length - BUFFER_LIMIT
+              session.buffer = session.buffer.slice(excess)
+              session.bufferCursor += excess
+            }),
+          )
+          proc.onExit(
+            Instance.bind(({ exitCode }) => {
+              if (session.info.status === "exited") return
+              log.info("session exited", { id, exitCode })
+              session.info.status = "exited"
+              void Bus.publish(Event.Exited, { id, exitCode })
+              Effect.runFork(remove(id))
+            }),
+          )
+          await Bus.publish(Event.Created, { info })
+          return info
+        })
+      })
+
+      const update = Effect.fn("Pty.update")(function* (id: PtyID, input: UpdateInput) {
+        const state = yield* InstanceState.get(cache)
+        const session = state.sessions.get(id)
+        if (!session) return
+        if (input.title) {
+          session.info.title = input.title
+        }
+        if (input.size) {
+          session.process.resize(input.size.cols, input.size.rows)
+        }
+        yield* Effect.promise(() => Bus.publish(Event.Updated, { info: session.info }))
+        return session.info
+      })
+
+      const resize = Effect.fn("Pty.resize")(function* (id: PtyID, cols: number, rows: number) {
+        const state = yield* InstanceState.get(cache)
+        const session = state.sessions.get(id)
+        if (session && session.info.status === "running") {
+          session.process.resize(cols, rows)
+        }
+      })
+
+      const write = Effect.fn("Pty.write")(function* (id: PtyID, data: string) {
+        const state = yield* InstanceState.get(cache)
+        const session = state.sessions.get(id)
+        if (session && session.info.status === "running") {
+          session.process.write(data)
+        }
+      })
+
+      const connect = Effect.fn("Pty.connect")(function* (id: PtyID, ws: Socket, cursor?: number) {
+        const state = yield* InstanceState.get(cache)
+        const session = state.sessions.get(id)
+        if (!session) {
+          ws.close()
+          return
+        }
+        log.info("client connected to session", { id })
+
+        // Use ws.data as the unique key for this connection lifecycle.
+        // If ws.data is undefined, fallback to ws object.
+        const key = ws.data && typeof ws.data === "object" ? ws.data : ws
+        // Optionally cleanup if the key somehow exists
+        session.subscribers.delete(key)
+        session.subscribers.set(key, ws)
+
+        const cleanup = () => {
+          session.subscribers.delete(key)
+        }
+
+        const start = session.bufferCursor
+        const end = session.cursor
+        const from =
+          cursor === -1 ? end : typeof cursor === "number" && Number.isSafeInteger(cursor) ? Math.max(0, cursor) : 0
+
+        const data = (() => {
+          if (!session.buffer) return ""
+          if (from >= end) return ""
+          const offset = Math.max(0, from - start)
+          if (offset >= session.buffer.length) return ""
+          return session.buffer.slice(offset)
+        })()
+
+        if (data) {
+          try {
+            for (let i = 0; i < data.length; i += BUFFER_CHUNK) {
+              ws.send(data.slice(i, i + BUFFER_CHUNK))
+            }
           } catch {
-            // ignore
+            cleanup()
+            ws.close()
+            return
           }
         }
-      }
-      sessions.clear()
-    },
+
+        try {
+          ws.send(meta(end))
+        } catch {
+          cleanup()
+          ws.close()
+          return
+        }
+
+        return {
+          onMessage: (message: string | ArrayBuffer) => {
+            session.process.write(String(message))
+          },
+          onClose: () => {
+            log.info("client disconnected from session", { id })
+            cleanup()
+          },
+        }
+      })
+
+      return Service.of({ list, get, create, update, remove, resize, write, connect })
+    }),
   )
 
-  export function list() {
-    return Array.from(state().values()).map((s) => s.info)
+  const runPromise = makeRunPromise(Service, layer)
+
+  export async function list() {
+    return runPromise((svc) => svc.list())
   }
 
-  export function get(id: PtyID) {
-    return state().get(id)?.info
+  export async function get(id: PtyID) {
+    return runPromise((svc) => svc.get(id))
+  }
+
+  export async function resize(id: PtyID, cols: number, rows: number) {
+    return runPromise((svc) => svc.resize(id, cols, rows))
+  }
+
+  export async function write(id: PtyID, data: string) {
+    return runPromise((svc) => svc.write(id, data))
+  }
+
+  export async function connect(id: PtyID, ws: Socket, cursor?: number) {
+    return runPromise((svc) => svc.connect(id, ws, cursor))
   }
 
   export async function create(input: CreateInput) {
-    const id = PtyID.ascending()
-    const command = input.command || Shell.preferred()
-    const args = input.args || []
-    if (command.endsWith("sh")) {
-      args.push("-l")
-    }
-
-    const cwd = input.cwd || Instance.directory
-    const shellEnv = await Plugin.trigger("shell.env", { cwd }, { env: {} })
-    const env = {
-      ...process.env,
-      ...input.env,
-      ...shellEnv.env,
-      TERM: "xterm-256color",
-      OPENCODE_TERMINAL: "1",
-    } as Record<string, string>
-
-    if (process.platform === "win32") {
-      env.LC_ALL = "C.UTF-8"
-      env.LC_CTYPE = "C.UTF-8"
-      env.LANG = "C.UTF-8"
-    }
-    log.info("creating session", { id, cmd: command, args, cwd })
-
-    const spawn = await pty()
-    const ptyProcess = spawn(command, args, {
-      name: "xterm-256color",
-      cwd,
-      env,
-    })
-
-    const info = {
-      id,
-      title: input.title || `Terminal ${id.slice(-4)}`,
-      command,
-      args,
-      cwd,
-      status: "running",
-      pid: ptyProcess.pid,
-    } as const
-    const session: ActiveSession = {
-      info,
-      process: ptyProcess,
-      buffer: "",
-      bufferCursor: 0,
-      cursor: 0,
-      subscribers: new Map(),
-    }
-    state().set(id, session)
-    ptyProcess.onData(
-      Instance.bind((chunk) => {
-        session.cursor += chunk.length
-
-        for (const [key, ws] of session.subscribers.entries()) {
-          if (ws.readyState !== 1) {
-            session.subscribers.delete(key)
-            continue
-          }
-
-          if (ws.data !== key) {
-            session.subscribers.delete(key)
-            continue
-          }
-
-          try {
-            ws.send(chunk)
-          } catch {
-            session.subscribers.delete(key)
-          }
-        }
-
-        session.buffer += chunk
-        if (session.buffer.length <= BUFFER_LIMIT) return
-        const excess = session.buffer.length - BUFFER_LIMIT
-        session.buffer = session.buffer.slice(excess)
-        session.bufferCursor += excess
-      }),
-    )
-    ptyProcess.onExit(
-      Instance.bind(({ exitCode }) => {
-        if (session.info.status === "exited") return
-        log.info("session exited", { id, exitCode })
-        session.info.status = "exited"
-        Bus.publish(Event.Exited, { id, exitCode })
-        remove(id)
-      }),
-    )
-    Bus.publish(Event.Created, { info })
-    return info
+    return runPromise((svc) => svc.create(input))
   }
 
   export async function update(id: PtyID, input: UpdateInput) {
-    const session = state().get(id)
-    if (!session) return
-    if (input.title) {
-      session.info.title = input.title
-    }
-    if (input.size) {
-      session.process.resize(input.size.cols, input.size.rows)
-    }
-    Bus.publish(Event.Updated, { info: session.info })
-    return session.info
+    return runPromise((svc) => svc.update(id, input))
   }
 
   export async function remove(id: PtyID) {
-    const session = state().get(id)
-    if (!session) return
-    state().delete(id)
-    log.info("removing session", { id })
-    try {
-      session.process.kill()
-    } catch {}
-    for (const [key, ws] of session.subscribers.entries()) {
-      try {
-        if (ws.data === key) ws.close()
-      } catch {
-        // ignore
-      }
-    }
-    session.subscribers.clear()
-    Bus.publish(Event.Deleted, { id: session.info.id })
-  }
-
-  export function resize(id: PtyID, cols: number, rows: number) {
-    const session = state().get(id)
-    if (session && session.info.status === "running") {
-      session.process.resize(cols, rows)
-    }
-  }
-
-  export function write(id: PtyID, data: string) {
-    const session = state().get(id)
-    if (session && session.info.status === "running") {
-      session.process.write(data)
-    }
-  }
-
-  export function connect(id: PtyID, ws: Socket, cursor?: number) {
-    const session = state().get(id)
-    if (!session) {
-      ws.close()
-      return
-    }
-    log.info("client connected to session", { id })
-
-    // Use ws.data as the unique key for this connection lifecycle.
-    // If ws.data is undefined, fallback to ws object.
-    const connectionKey = ws.data && typeof ws.data === "object" ? ws.data : ws
-
-    // Optionally cleanup if the key somehow exists
-    session.subscribers.delete(connectionKey)
-    session.subscribers.set(connectionKey, ws)
-
-    const cleanup = () => {
-      session.subscribers.delete(connectionKey)
-    }
-
-    const start = session.bufferCursor
-    const end = session.cursor
-
-    const from =
-      cursor === -1 ? end : typeof cursor === "number" && Number.isSafeInteger(cursor) ? Math.max(0, cursor) : 0
-
-    const data = (() => {
-      if (!session.buffer) return ""
-      if (from >= end) return ""
-      const offset = Math.max(0, from - start)
-      if (offset >= session.buffer.length) return ""
-      return session.buffer.slice(offset)
-    })()
-
-    if (data) {
-      try {
-        for (let i = 0; i < data.length; i += BUFFER_CHUNK) {
-          ws.send(data.slice(i, i + BUFFER_CHUNK))
-        }
-      } catch {
-        cleanup()
-        ws.close()
-        return
-      }
-    }
-
-    try {
-      ws.send(meta(end))
-    } catch {
-      cleanup()
-      ws.close()
-      return
-    }
-    return {
-      onMessage: (message: string | ArrayBuffer) => {
-        session.process.write(String(message))
-      },
-      onClose: () => {
-        log.info("client disconnected from session", { id })
-        cleanup()
-      },
-    }
+    return runPromise((svc) => svc.remove(id))
   }
 }

packages/opencode/src/server/routes/experimental.ts

@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ export const ExperimentalRoutes = lazy(() =>
           ...errors(400),
         },
       }),
-      validator("json", Worktree.create.schema),
+      validator("json", Worktree.CreateInput.optional()),
       async (c) => {
         const body = c.req.valid("json")
         const worktree = await Worktree.create(body)
@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ export const ExperimentalRoutes = lazy(() =>
           ...errors(400),
         },
       }),
-      validator("json", Worktree.remove.schema),
+      validator("json", Worktree.RemoveInput),
       async (c) => {
         const body = c.req.valid("json")
         await Worktree.remove(body)
@@ -181,7 +181,7 @@ export const ExperimentalRoutes = lazy(() =>
           ...errors(400),
         },
       }),
-      validator("json", Worktree.reset.schema),
+      validator("json", Worktree.ResetInput),
       async (c) => {
         const body = c.req.valid("json")
         await Worktree.reset(body)

packages/opencode/src/server/routes/pty.ts

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ export const PtyRoutes = lazy(() =>
         },
       }),
       async (c) => {
-        return c.json(Pty.list())
+        return c.json(await Pty.list())
       },
     )
     .post(
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ export const PtyRoutes = lazy(() =>
       }),
       validator("param", z.object({ ptyID: PtyID.zod })),
       async (c) => {
-        const info = Pty.get(c.req.valid("param").ptyID)
+        const info = await Pty.get(c.req.valid("param").ptyID)
         if (!info) {
           throw new NotFoundError({ message: "Session not found" })
         }
@@ -150,7 +150,7 @@ export const PtyRoutes = lazy(() =>
         },
       }),
       validator("param", z.object({ ptyID: PtyID.zod })),
-      upgradeWebSocket((c) => {
+      upgradeWebSocket(async (c) => {
         const id = PtyID.zod.parse(c.req.param("ptyID"))
         const cursor = (() => {
           const value = c.req.query("cursor")
@@ -159,8 +159,8 @@ export const PtyRoutes = lazy(() =>
           if (!Number.isSafeInteger(parsed) || parsed < -1) return
           return parsed
         })()
-        let handler: ReturnType<typeof Pty.connect>
-        if (!Pty.get(id)) throw new Error("Session not found")
+        let handler: Awaited<ReturnType<typeof Pty.connect>>
+        if (!(await Pty.get(id))) throw new Error("Session not found")
 
         type Socket = {
           readyState: number
@@ -176,17 +176,27 @@ export const PtyRoutes = lazy(() =>
           return typeof (value as { readyState?: unknown }).readyState === "number"
         }
 
+        const pending: string[] = []
+        let ready = false
+
         return {
-          onOpen(_event, ws) {
+          async onOpen(_event, ws) {
             const socket = ws.raw
             if (!isSocket(socket)) {
               ws.close()
               return
             }
-            handler = Pty.connect(id, socket, cursor)
+            handler = await Pty.connect(id, socket, cursor)
+            ready = true
+            for (const msg of pending) handler?.onMessage(msg)
+            pending.length = 0
           },
           onMessage(event) {
             if (typeof event.data !== "string") return
+            if (!ready) {
+              pending.push(event.data)
+              return
+            }
             handler?.onMessage(event.data)
           },
           onClose() {

packages/opencode/src/server/routes/session.ts

@@ -88,8 +88,8 @@ export const SessionRoutes = lazy(() =>
         },
       }),
       async (c) => {
-        const result = SessionStatus.list()
-        return c.json(result)
+        const result = await SessionStatus.list()
+        return c.json(Object.fromEntries(result))
       },
     )
     .get(

packages/opencode/src/session/processor.ts

@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ export namespace SessionProcessor {
               input.abort.throwIfAborted()
               switch (value.type) {
                 case "start":
-                  SessionStatus.set(input.sessionID, { type: "busy" })
+                  await SessionStatus.set(input.sessionID, { type: "busy" })
                   break
 
                 case "reasoning-start":
@@ -368,7 +368,7 @@ export namespace SessionProcessor {
               if (retry !== undefined) {
                 attempt++
                 const delay = SessionRetry.delay(attempt, error.name === "APIError" ? error : undefined)
-                SessionStatus.set(input.sessionID, {
+                await SessionStatus.set(input.sessionID, {
                   type: "retry",
                   attempt,
                   message: retry,
@@ -382,7 +382,7 @@ export namespace SessionProcessor {
                 sessionID: input.assistantMessage.sessionID,
                 error: input.assistantMessage.error,
               })
-              SessionStatus.set(input.sessionID, { type: "idle" })
+              await SessionStatus.set(input.sessionID, { type: "idle" })
             }
           }
           if (snapshot) {

packages/opencode/src/session/prompt.ts

@@ -257,17 +257,17 @@ export namespace SessionPrompt {
     return s[sessionID].abort.signal
   }
 
-  export function cancel(sessionID: SessionID) {
+  export async function cancel(sessionID: SessionID) {
     log.info("cancel", { sessionID })
     const s = state()
     const match = s[sessionID]
     if (!match) {
-      SessionStatus.set(sessionID, { type: "idle" })
+      await SessionStatus.set(sessionID, { type: "idle" })
       return
     }
     match.abort.abort()
     delete s[sessionID]
-    SessionStatus.set(sessionID, { type: "idle" })
+    await SessionStatus.set(sessionID, { type: "idle" })
     return
   }
 
@@ -286,7 +286,7 @@ export namespace SessionPrompt {
       })
     }
 
-    using _ = defer(() => cancel(sessionID))
+    await using _ = defer(() => cancel(sessionID))
 
     // Structured output state
     // Note: On session resumption, state is reset but outputFormat is preserved
@@ -296,7 +296,7 @@ export namespace SessionPrompt {
     let step = 0
     const session = await Session.get(sessionID)
     while (true) {
-      SessionStatus.set(sessionID, { type: "busy" })
+      await SessionStatus.set(sessionID, { type: "busy" })
       log.info("loop", { step, sessionID })
       if (abort.aborted) break
       let msgs = await MessageV2.filterCompacted(MessageV2.stream(sessionID))
@@ -1782,6 +1782,9 @@ NOTE: At any point in time through this workflow you should feel free to ask the
   export async function command(input: CommandInput) {
     log.info("command", input)
     const command = await Command.get(input.command)
+    if (!command) {
+      throw new NamedError.Unknown({ message: `Command not found: "${input.command}"` })
+    }
     const agentName = command.agent ?? input.agent ?? (await Agent.defaultAgent())
 
     const raw = input.arguments.match(argsRegex) ?? []

packages/opencode/src/session/status.ts

@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 import { BusEvent } from "@/bus/bus-event"
 import { Bus } from "@/bus"
-import { Instance } from "@/project/instance"
+import { InstanceState } from "@/effect/instance-state"
+import { makeRunPromise } from "@/effect/run-service"
 import { SessionID } from "./schema"
+import { Effect, Layer, ServiceMap } from "effect"
 import z from "zod"
 
 export namespace SessionStatus {
@@ -42,36 +44,56 @@ export namespace SessionStatus {
     ),
   }
 
-  const state = Instance.state(() => {
-    const data: Record<string, Info> = {}
-    return data
-  })
-
-  export function get(sessionID: SessionID) {
-    return (
-      state()[sessionID] ?? {
-        type: "idle",
-      }
-    )
+  export interface Interface {
+    readonly get: (sessionID: SessionID) => Effect.Effect<Info>
+    readonly list: () => Effect.Effect<Map<SessionID, Info>>
+    readonly set: (sessionID: SessionID, status: Info) => Effect.Effect<void>
   }
 
-  export function list() {
-    return state()
-  }
+  export class Service extends ServiceMap.Service<Service, Interface>()("@opencode/SessionStatus") {}
 
-  export function set(sessionID: SessionID, status: Info) {
-    Bus.publish(Event.Status, {
-      sessionID,
-      status,
-    })
-    if (status.type === "idle") {
-      // deprecated
-      Bus.publish(Event.Idle, {
-        sessionID,
+  export const layer = Layer.effect(
+    Service,
+    Effect.gen(function* () {
+      const state = yield* InstanceState.make(
+        Effect.fn("SessionStatus.state")(() => Effect.succeed(new Map<SessionID, Info>())),
+      )
+
+      const get = Effect.fn("SessionStatus.get")(function* (sessionID: SessionID) {
+        const data = yield* InstanceState.get(state)
+        return data.get(sessionID) ?? { type: "idle" as const }
       })
-      delete state()[sessionID]
-      return
-    }
-    state()[sessionID] = status
+
+      const list = Effect.fn("SessionStatus.list")(function* () {
+        return new Map(yield* InstanceState.get(state))
+      })
+
+      const set = Effect.fn("SessionStatus.set")(function* (sessionID: SessionID, status: Info) {
+        const data = yield* InstanceState.get(state)
+        yield* Effect.promise(() => Bus.publish(Event.Status, { sessionID, status }))
+        if (status.type === "idle") {
+          yield* Effect.promise(() => Bus.publish(Event.Idle, { sessionID }))
+          data.delete(sessionID)
+          return
+        }
+        data.set(sessionID, status)
+      })
+
+      return Service.of({ get, list, set })
+    }),
+  )
+
+  const runPromise = makeRunPromise(Service, layer)
+
+  export async function get(sessionID: SessionID) {
+    return runPromise((svc) => svc.get(sessionID))
+  }
+
+  export async function list() {
+    return runPromise((svc) => svc.list())
+  }
+
+  export async function set(sessionID: SessionID, status: Info) {
+    return runPromise((svc) => svc.set(sessionID, status))
   }
 }

packages/opencode/src/tool/registry.ts

@@ -7,14 +7,13 @@ import { GrepTool } from "./grep"
 import { BatchTool } from "./batch"
 import { ReadTool } from "./read"
 import { TaskTool } from "./task"
-import { TodoWriteTool, TodoReadTool } from "./todo"
+import { TodoWriteTool } from "./todo"
 import { WebFetchTool } from "./webfetch"
 import { WriteTool } from "./write"
 import { InvalidTool } from "./invalid"
 import { SkillTool } from "./skill"
 import type { Agent } from "../agent/agent"
 import { Tool } from "./tool"
-import { Instance } from "../project/instance"
 import { Config } from "../config/config"
 import path from "path"
 import { type ToolContext as PluginToolContext, type ToolDefinition } from "@opencode-ai/plugin"
@@ -27,106 +26,186 @@ import { Flag } from "@/flag/flag"
 import { Log } from "@/util/log"
 import { LspTool } from "./lsp"
 import { Truncate } from "./truncate"
-
 import { ApplyPatchTool } from "./apply_patch"
 import { Glob } from "../util/glob"
 import { pathToFileURL } from "url"
+import { Effect, Layer, ServiceMap } from "effect"
+import { InstanceState } from "@/effect/instance-state"
+import { makeRunPromise } from "@/effect/run-service"
 
 export namespace ToolRegistry {
   const log = Log.create({ service: "tool.registry" })
 
-  export const state = Instance.state(async () => {
-    const custom = [] as Tool.Info[]
-
-    const matches = await Config.directories().then((dirs) =>
-      dirs.flatMap((dir) =>
-        Glob.scanSync("{tool,tools}/*.{js,ts}", { cwd: dir, absolute: true, dot: true, symlink: true }),
-      ),
-    )
-    if (matches.length) await Config.waitForDependencies()
-    for (const match of matches) {
-      const namespace = path.basename(match, path.extname(match))
-      const mod = await import(process.platform === "win32" ? match : pathToFileURL(match).href)
-      for (const [id, def] of Object.entries<ToolDefinition>(mod)) {
-        custom.push(fromPlugin(id === "default" ? namespace : `${namespace}_${id}`, def))
-      }
-    }
-
-    const plugins = await Plugin.list()
-    for (const plugin of plugins) {
-      for (const [id, def] of Object.entries(plugin.tool ?? {})) {
-        custom.push(fromPlugin(id, def))
-      }
-    }
-
-    return { custom }
-  })
-
-  function fromPlugin(id: string, def: ToolDefinition): Tool.Info {
-    return {
-      id,
-      init: async (initCtx) => ({
-        parameters: z.object(def.args),
-        description: def.description,
-        execute: async (args, ctx) => {
-          const pluginCtx = {
-            ...ctx,
-            directory: Instance.directory,
-            worktree: Instance.worktree,
-          } as unknown as PluginToolContext
-          const result = await def.execute(args as any, pluginCtx)
-          const out = await Truncate.output(result, {}, initCtx?.agent)
-          return {
-            title: "",
-            output: out.truncated ? out.content : result,
-            metadata: { truncated: out.truncated, outputPath: out.truncated ? out.outputPath : undefined },
-          }
-        },
-      }),
-    }
+  type State = {
+    custom: Tool.Info[]
   }
 
+  export interface Interface {
+    readonly register: (tool: Tool.Info) => Effect.Effect<void>
+    readonly ids: () => Effect.Effect<string[]>
+    readonly tools: (
+      model: { providerID: ProviderID; modelID: ModelID },
+      agent?: Agent.Info,
+    ) => Effect.Effect<(Awaited<ReturnType<Tool.Info["init"]>> & { id: string })[]>
+  }
+
+  export class Service extends ServiceMap.Service<Service, Interface>()("@opencode/ToolRegistry") {}
+
+  export const layer = Layer.effect(
+    Service,
+    Effect.gen(function* () {
+      const cache = yield* InstanceState.make<State>(
+        Effect.fn("ToolRegistry.state")(function* (ctx) {
+          const custom: Tool.Info[] = []
+
+          function fromPlugin(id: string, def: ToolDefinition): Tool.Info {
+            return {
+              id,
+              init: async (initCtx) => ({
+                parameters: z.object(def.args),
+                description: def.description,
+                execute: async (args, toolCtx) => {
+                  const pluginCtx = {
+                    ...toolCtx,
+                    directory: ctx.directory,
+                    worktree: ctx.worktree,
+                  } as unknown as PluginToolContext
+                  const result = await def.execute(args as any, pluginCtx)
+                  const out = await Truncate.output(result, {}, initCtx?.agent)
+                  return {
+                    title: "",
+                    output: out.truncated ? out.content : result,
+                    metadata: { truncated: out.truncated, outputPath: out.truncated ? out.outputPath : undefined },
+                  }
+                },
+              }),
+            }
+          }
+
+          yield* Effect.promise(async () => {
+            const matches = await Config.directories().then((dirs) =>
+              dirs.flatMap((dir) =>
+                Glob.scanSync("{tool,tools}/*.{js,ts}", { cwd: dir, absolute: true, dot: true, symlink: true }),
+              ),
+            )
+            if (matches.length) await Config.waitForDependencies()
+            for (const match of matches) {
+              const namespace = path.basename(match, path.extname(match))
+              const mod = await import(process.platform === "win32" ? match : pathToFileURL(match).href)
+              for (const [id, def] of Object.entries<ToolDefinition>(mod)) {
+                custom.push(fromPlugin(id === "default" ? namespace : `${namespace}_${id}`, def))
+              }
+            }
+
+            const plugins = await Plugin.list()
+            for (const plugin of plugins) {
+              for (const [id, def] of Object.entries(plugin.tool ?? {})) {
+                custom.push(fromPlugin(id, def))
+              }
+            }
+          })
+
+          return { custom }
+        }),
+      )
+
+      async function all(custom: Tool.Info[]): Promise<Tool.Info[]> {
+        const cfg = await Config.get()
+        const question = ["app", "cli", "desktop"].includes(Flag.OPENCODE_CLIENT) || Flag.OPENCODE_ENABLE_QUESTION_TOOL
+
+        return [
+          InvalidTool,
+          ...(question ? [QuestionTool] : []),
+          BashTool,
+          ReadTool,
+          GlobTool,
+          GrepTool,
+          EditTool,
+          WriteTool,
+          TaskTool,
+          WebFetchTool,
+          TodoWriteTool,
+          WebSearchTool,
+          CodeSearchTool,
+          SkillTool,
+          ApplyPatchTool,
+          ...(Flag.OPENCODE_EXPERIMENTAL_LSP_TOOL ? [LspTool] : []),
+          ...(cfg.experimental?.batch_tool === true ? [BatchTool] : []),
+          ...(Flag.OPENCODE_EXPERIMENTAL_PLAN_MODE && Flag.OPENCODE_CLIENT === "cli" ? [PlanExitTool] : []),
+          ...custom,
+        ]
+      }
+
+      const register = Effect.fn("ToolRegistry.register")(function* (tool: Tool.Info) {
+        const state = yield* InstanceState.get(cache)
+        const idx = state.custom.findIndex((t) => t.id === tool.id)
+        if (idx >= 0) {
+          state.custom.splice(idx, 1, tool)
+          return
+        }
+        state.custom.push(tool)
+      })
+
+      const ids = Effect.fn("ToolRegistry.ids")(function* () {
+        const state = yield* InstanceState.get(cache)
+        const tools = yield* Effect.promise(() => all(state.custom))
+        return tools.map((t) => t.id)
+      })
+
+      const tools = Effect.fn("ToolRegistry.tools")(function* (
+        model: { providerID: ProviderID; modelID: ModelID },
+        agent?: Agent.Info,
+      ) {
+        const state = yield* InstanceState.get(cache)
+        const allTools = yield* Effect.promise(() => all(state.custom))
+        return yield* Effect.promise(() =>
+          Promise.all(
+            allTools
+              .filter((tool) => {
+                // Enable websearch/codesearch for zen users OR via enable flag
+                if (tool.id === "codesearch" || tool.id === "websearch") {
+                  return model.providerID === ProviderID.opencode || Flag.OPENCODE_ENABLE_EXA
+                }
+
+                // use apply tool in same format as codex
+                const usePatch =
+                  model.modelID.includes("gpt-") && !model.modelID.includes("oss") && !model.modelID.includes("gpt-4")
+                if (tool.id === "apply_patch") return usePatch
+                if (tool.id === "edit" || tool.id === "write") return !usePatch
+
+                return true
+              })
+              .map(async (tool) => {
+                using _ = log.time(tool.id)
+                const next = await tool.init({ agent })
+                const output = {
+                  description: next.description,
+                  parameters: next.parameters,
+                }
+                await Plugin.trigger("tool.definition", { toolID: tool.id }, output)
+                return {
+                  id: tool.id,
+                  ...next,
+                  description: output.description,
+                  parameters: output.parameters,
+                }
+              }),
+          ),
+        )
+      })
+
+      return Service.of({ register, ids, tools })
+    }),
+  )
+
+  const runPromise = makeRunPromise(Service, layer)
+
   export async function register(tool: Tool.Info) {
-    const { custom } = await state()
-    const idx = custom.findIndex((t) => t.id === tool.id)
-    if (idx >= 0) {
-      custom.splice(idx, 1, tool)
-      return
-    }
-    custom.push(tool)
-  }
-
-  async function all(): Promise<Tool.Info[]> {
-    const custom = await state().then((x) => x.custom)
-    const config = await Config.get()
-    const question = ["app", "cli", "desktop"].includes(Flag.OPENCODE_CLIENT) || Flag.OPENCODE_ENABLE_QUESTION_TOOL
-
-    return [
-      InvalidTool,
-      ...(question ? [QuestionTool] : []),
-      BashTool,
-      ReadTool,
-      GlobTool,
-      GrepTool,
-      EditTool,
-      WriteTool,
-      TaskTool,
-      WebFetchTool,
-      TodoWriteTool,
-      // TodoReadTool,
-      WebSearchTool,
-      CodeSearchTool,
-      SkillTool,
-      ApplyPatchTool,
-      ...(Flag.OPENCODE_EXPERIMENTAL_LSP_TOOL ? [LspTool] : []),
-      ...(config.experimental?.batch_tool === true ? [BatchTool] : []),
-      ...(Flag.OPENCODE_EXPERIMENTAL_PLAN_MODE && Flag.OPENCODE_CLIENT === "cli" ? [PlanExitTool] : []),
-      ...custom,
-    ]
+    return runPromise((svc) => svc.register(tool))
   }
 
   export async function ids() {
-    return all().then((x) => x.map((t) => t.id))
+    return runPromise((svc) => svc.ids())
   }
 
   export async function tools(
@@ -136,39 +215,6 @@ export namespace ToolRegistry {
     },
     agent?: Agent.Info,
   ) {
-    const tools = await all()
-    const result = await Promise.all(
-      tools
-        .filter((t) => {
-          // Enable websearch/codesearch for zen users OR via enable flag
-          if (t.id === "codesearch" || t.id === "websearch") {
-            return model.providerID === ProviderID.opencode || Flag.OPENCODE_ENABLE_EXA
-          }
-
-          // use apply tool in same format as codex
-          const usePatch =
-            model.modelID.includes("gpt-") && !model.modelID.includes("oss") && !model.modelID.includes("gpt-4")
-          if (t.id === "apply_patch") return usePatch
-          if (t.id === "edit" || t.id === "write") return !usePatch
-
-          return true
-        })
-        .map(async (t) => {
-          using _ = log.time(t.id)
-          const tool = await t.init({ agent })
-          const output = {
-            description: tool.description,
-            parameters: tool.parameters,
-          }
-          await Plugin.trigger("tool.definition", { toolID: t.id }, output)
-          return {
-            id: t.id,
-            ...tool,
-            description: output.description,
-            parameters: output.parameters,
-          }
-        }),
-    )
-    return result
+    return runPromise((svc) => svc.tools(model, agent))
   }
 }

packages/opencode/src/worktree/index.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
-import fs from "fs/promises"
-import path from "path"
 import z from "zod"
 import { NamedError } from "@opencode-ai/util/error"
 import { Global } from "../global"
@@ -9,12 +7,13 @@ import { Project } from "../project/project"
 import { Database, eq } from "../storage/db"
 import { ProjectTable } from "../project/project.sql"
 import type { ProjectID } from "../project/schema"
-import { fn } from "../util/fn"
 import { Log } from "../util/log"
-import { Process } from "../util/process"
-import { git } from "../util/git"
 import { BusEvent } from "@/bus/bus-event"
 import { GlobalBus } from "@/bus/global"
+import { Effect, FileSystem, Layer, Path, Scope, ServiceMap, Stream } from "effect"
+import { ChildProcess, ChildProcessSpawner } from "effect/unstable/process"
+import { NodeChildProcessSpawner, NodeFileSystem, NodePath } from "@effect/platform-node"
+import { makeRunPromise } from "@/effect/run-service"
 
 export namespace Worktree {
   const log = Log.create({ service: "worktree" })
@@ -206,24 +205,8 @@ export namespace Worktree {
     return `${pick(ADJECTIVES)}-${pick(NOUNS)}`
   }
 
-  async function exists(target: string) {
-    return fs
-      .stat(target)
-      .then(() => true)
-      .catch(() => false)
-  }
-
-  function outputText(input: Uint8Array | undefined) {
-    if (!input?.length) return ""
-    return new TextDecoder().decode(input).trim()
-  }
-
-  function errorText(result: { stdout?: Uint8Array; stderr?: Uint8Array }) {
-    return [outputText(result.stderr), outputText(result.stdout)].filter(Boolean).join("\n")
-  }
-
-  function failed(result: { stdout?: Uint8Array; stderr?: Uint8Array }) {
-    return [outputText(result.stderr), outputText(result.stdout)].filter(Boolean).flatMap((chunk) =>
+  function failedRemoves(...chunks: string[]) {
+    return chunks.filter(Boolean).flatMap((chunk) =>
       chunk
         .split("\n")
         .map((line) => line.trim())
@@ -237,436 +220,460 @@ export namespace Worktree {
     )
   }
 
-  async function prune(root: string, entries: string[]) {
-    const base = await canonical(root)
-    await Promise.all(
-      entries.map(async (entry) => {
-        const target = await canonical(path.resolve(root, entry))
-        if (target === base) return
-        if (!target.startsWith(`${base}${path.sep}`)) return
-        await fs.rm(target, { recursive: true, force: true }).catch(() => undefined)
-      }),
-    )
+  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  // Effect service
+  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+  export interface Interface {
+    readonly makeWorktreeInfo: (name?: string) => Effect.Effect<Info>
+    readonly createFromInfo: (info: Info, startCommand?: string) => Effect.Effect<void>
+    readonly create: (input?: CreateInput) => Effect.Effect<Info>
+    readonly remove: (input: RemoveInput) => Effect.Effect<boolean>
+    readonly reset: (input: ResetInput) => Effect.Effect<boolean>
   }
 
-  async function sweep(root: string) {
-    const first = await git(["clean", "-ffdx"], { cwd: root })
-    if (first.exitCode === 0) return first
+  export class Service extends ServiceMap.Service<Service, Interface>()("@opencode/Worktree") {}
 
-    const entries = failed(first)
-    if (!entries.length) return first
+  type GitResult = { code: number; text: string; stderr: string }
 
-    await prune(root, entries)
-    return git(["clean", "-ffdx"], { cwd: root })
-  }
+  export const layer: Layer.Layer<
+    Service,
+    never,
+    FileSystem.FileSystem | Path.Path | ChildProcessSpawner.ChildProcessSpawner
+  > = Layer.effect(
+    Service,
+    Effect.gen(function* () {
+      const scope = yield* Scope.Scope
+      const fsys = yield* FileSystem.FileSystem
+      const pathSvc = yield* Path.Path
+      const spawner = yield* ChildProcessSpawner.ChildProcessSpawner
 
-  async function canonical(input: string) {
-    const abs = path.resolve(input)
-    const real = await fs.realpath(abs).catch(() => abs)
-    const normalized = path.normalize(real)
-    return process.platform === "win32" ? normalized.toLowerCase() : normalized
-  }
+      const git = Effect.fnUntraced(
+        function* (args: string[], opts?: { cwd?: string }) {
+          const handle = yield* spawner.spawn(ChildProcess.make("git", args, { cwd: opts?.cwd, extendEnv: true }))
+          const [text, stderr] = yield* Effect.all(
+            [Stream.mkString(Stream.decodeText(handle.stdout)), Stream.mkString(Stream.decodeText(handle.stderr))],
+            { concurrency: 2 },
+          )
+          const code = yield* handle.exitCode
+          return { code, text, stderr } satisfies GitResult
+        },
+        Effect.scoped,
+        Effect.catch(() => Effect.succeed({ code: 1, text: "", stderr: "" } satisfies GitResult)),
+      )
 
-  async function candidate(root: string, base?: string) {
-    for (const attempt of Array.from({ length: 26 }, (_, i) => i)) {
-      const name = base ? (attempt === 0 ? base : `${base}-${randomName()}`) : randomName()
-      const branch = `opencode/${name}`
-      const directory = path.join(root, name)
+      const candidate = Effect.fn("Worktree.candidate")(function* (root: string, base?: string) {
+        for (const attempt of Array.from({ length: 26 }, (_, i) => i)) {
+          const name = base ? (attempt === 0 ? base : `${base}-${randomName()}`) : randomName()
+          const branch = `opencode/${name}`
+          const directory = pathSvc.join(root, name)
 
-      if (await exists(directory)) continue
+          if (yield* fsys.exists(directory).pipe(Effect.orDie)) continue
 
-      const ref = `refs/heads/${branch}`
-      const branchCheck = await git(["show-ref", "--verify", "--quiet", ref], {
-        cwd: Instance.worktree,
+          const ref = `refs/heads/${branch}`
+          const branchCheck = yield* git(["show-ref", "--verify", "--quiet", ref], { cwd: Instance.worktree })
+          if (branchCheck.code === 0) continue
+
+          return Info.parse({ name, branch, directory })
+        }
+        throw new NameGenerationFailedError({ message: "Failed to generate a unique worktree name" })
       })
-      if (branchCheck.exitCode === 0) continue
 
-      return Info.parse({ name, branch, directory })
-    }
+      const makeWorktreeInfo = Effect.fn("Worktree.makeWorktreeInfo")(function* (name?: string) {
+        if (Instance.project.vcs !== "git") {
+          throw new NotGitError({ message: "Worktrees are only supported for git projects" })
+        }
 
-    throw new NameGenerationFailedError({ message: "Failed to generate a unique worktree name" })
-  }
+        const root = pathSvc.join(Global.Path.data, "worktree", Instance.project.id)
+        yield* fsys.makeDirectory(root, { recursive: true }).pipe(Effect.orDie)
 
-  async function runStartCommand(directory: string, cmd: string) {
-    if (process.platform === "win32") {
-      return Process.run(["cmd", "/c", cmd], { cwd: directory, nothrow: true })
-    }
-    return Process.run(["bash", "-lc", cmd], { cwd: directory, nothrow: true })
-  }
-
-  type StartKind = "project" | "worktree"
-
-  async function runStartScript(directory: string, cmd: string, kind: StartKind) {
-    const text = cmd.trim()
-    if (!text) return true
-
-    const ran = await runStartCommand(directory, text)
-    if (ran.code === 0) return true
-
-    log.error("worktree start command failed", {
-      kind,
-      directory,
-      message: errorText(ran),
-    })
-    return false
-  }
-
-  async function runStartScripts(directory: string, input: { projectID: ProjectID; extra?: string }) {
-    const row = Database.use((db) => db.select().from(ProjectTable).where(eq(ProjectTable.id, input.projectID)).get())
-    const project = row ? Project.fromRow(row) : undefined
-    const startup = project?.commands?.start?.trim() ?? ""
-    const ok = await runStartScript(directory, startup, "project")
-    if (!ok) return false
-
-    const extra = input.extra ?? ""
-    await runStartScript(directory, extra, "worktree")
-    return true
-  }
-
-  function queueStartScripts(directory: string, input: { projectID: ProjectID; extra?: string }) {
-    setTimeout(() => {
-      const start = async () => {
-        await runStartScripts(directory, input)
-      }
-
-      void start().catch((error) => {
-        log.error("worktree start task failed", { directory, error })
+        const base = name ? slug(name) : ""
+        return yield* candidate(root, base || undefined)
       })
-    }, 0)
-  }
 
-  export async function makeWorktreeInfo(name?: string): Promise<Info> {
-    if (Instance.project.vcs !== "git") {
-      throw new NotGitError({ message: "Worktrees are only supported for git projects" })
-    }
+      const createFromInfo = Effect.fn("Worktree.createFromInfo")(function* (info: Info, startCommand?: string) {
+        const created = yield* git(["worktree", "add", "--no-checkout", "-b", info.branch, info.directory], {
+          cwd: Instance.worktree,
+        })
+        if (created.code !== 0) {
+          throw new CreateFailedError({ message: created.stderr || created.text || "Failed to create git worktree" })
+        }
 
-    const root = path.join(Global.Path.data, "worktree", Instance.project.id)
-    await fs.mkdir(root, { recursive: true })
+        yield* Effect.promise(() => Project.addSandbox(Instance.project.id, info.directory).catch(() => undefined))
 
-    const base = name ? slug(name) : ""
-    return candidate(root, base || undefined)
-  }
+        const projectID = Instance.project.id
+        const extra = startCommand?.trim()
 
-  export async function createFromInfo(info: Info, startCommand?: string) {
-    const created = await git(["worktree", "add", "--no-checkout", "-b", info.branch, info.directory], {
-      cwd: Instance.worktree,
-    })
-    if (created.exitCode !== 0) {
-      throw new CreateFailedError({ message: errorText(created) || "Failed to create git worktree" })
-    }
-
-    await Project.addSandbox(Instance.project.id, info.directory).catch(() => undefined)
-
-    const projectID = Instance.project.id
-    const extra = startCommand?.trim()
-
-    return () => {
-      const start = async () => {
-        const populated = await git(["reset", "--hard"], { cwd: info.directory })
-        if (populated.exitCode !== 0) {
-          const message = errorText(populated) || "Failed to populate worktree"
+        const populated = yield* git(["reset", "--hard"], { cwd: info.directory })
+        if (populated.code !== 0) {
+          const message = populated.stderr || populated.text || "Failed to populate worktree"
           log.error("worktree checkout failed", { directory: info.directory, message })
           GlobalBus.emit("event", {
             directory: info.directory,
-            payload: {
-              type: Event.Failed.type,
-              properties: {
-                message,
-              },
-            },
+            payload: { type: Event.Failed.type, properties: { message } },
           })
           return
         }
 
-        const booted = await Instance.provide({
-          directory: info.directory,
-          init: InstanceBootstrap,
-          fn: () => undefined,
-        })
-          .then(() => true)
-          .catch((error) => {
-            const message = error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error)
-            log.error("worktree bootstrap failed", { directory: info.directory, message })
-            GlobalBus.emit("event", {
-              directory: info.directory,
-              payload: {
-                type: Event.Failed.type,
-                properties: {
-                  message,
-                },
-              },
-            })
-            return false
+        const booted = yield* Effect.promise(() =>
+          Instance.provide({
+            directory: info.directory,
+            init: InstanceBootstrap,
+            fn: () => undefined,
           })
+            .then(() => true)
+            .catch((error) => {
+              const message = error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error)
+              log.error("worktree bootstrap failed", { directory: info.directory, message })
+              GlobalBus.emit("event", {
+                directory: info.directory,
+                payload: { type: Event.Failed.type, properties: { message } },
+              })
+              return false
+            }),
+        )
         if (!booted) return
 
         GlobalBus.emit("event", {
           directory: info.directory,
           payload: {
             type: Event.Ready.type,
-            properties: {
-              name: info.name,
-              branch: info.branch,
-            },
+            properties: { name: info.name, branch: info.branch },
           },
         })
 
-        await runStartScripts(info.directory, { projectID, extra })
+        yield* runStartScripts(info.directory, { projectID, extra })
+      })
+
+      const create = Effect.fn("Worktree.create")(function* (input?: CreateInput) {
+        const info = yield* makeWorktreeInfo(input?.name)
+        yield* createFromInfo(info, input?.startCommand).pipe(
+          Effect.catchCause((cause) => Effect.sync(() => log.error("worktree bootstrap failed", { cause }))),
+          Effect.forkIn(scope),
+        )
+        return info
+      })
+
+      const canonical = Effect.fnUntraced(function* (input: string) {
+        const abs = pathSvc.resolve(input)
+        const real = yield* fsys.realPath(abs).pipe(Effect.catch(() => Effect.succeed(abs)))
+        const normalized = pathSvc.normalize(real)
+        return process.platform === "win32" ? normalized.toLowerCase() : normalized
+      })
+
+      function parseWorktreeList(text: string) {
+        return text
+          .split("\n")
+          .map((line) => line.trim())
+          .reduce<{ path?: string; branch?: string }[]>((acc, line) => {
+            if (!line) return acc
+            if (line.startsWith("worktree ")) {
+              acc.push({ path: line.slice("worktree ".length).trim() })
+              return acc
+            }
+            const current = acc[acc.length - 1]
+            if (!current) return acc
+            if (line.startsWith("branch ")) {
+              current.branch = line.slice("branch ".length).trim()
+            }
+            return acc
+          }, [])
       }
 
-      return start().catch((error) => {
-        log.error("worktree start task failed", { directory: info.directory, error })
-      })
-    }
-  }
-
-  export const create = fn(CreateInput.optional(), async (input) => {
-    const info = await makeWorktreeInfo(input?.name)
-    const bootstrap = await createFromInfo(info, input?.startCommand)
-    // This is needed due to how worktrees currently work in the
-    // desktop app
-    setTimeout(() => {
-      bootstrap()
-    }, 0)
-    return info
-  })
-
-  export const remove = fn(RemoveInput, async (input) => {
-    if (Instance.project.vcs !== "git") {
-      throw new NotGitError({ message: "Worktrees are only supported for git projects" })
-    }
-
-    const directory = await canonical(input.directory)
-    const locate = async (stdout: Uint8Array | undefined) => {
-      const lines = outputText(stdout)
-        .split("\n")
-        .map((line) => line.trim())
-      const entries = lines.reduce<{ path?: string; branch?: string }[]>((acc, line) => {
-        if (!line) return acc
-        if (line.startsWith("worktree ")) {
-          acc.push({ path: line.slice("worktree ".length).trim() })
-          return acc
-        }
-        const current = acc[acc.length - 1]
-        if (!current) return acc
-        if (line.startsWith("branch ")) {
-          current.branch = line.slice("branch ".length).trim()
-        }
-        return acc
-      }, [])
-
-      return (async () => {
+      const locateWorktree = Effect.fnUntraced(function* (
+        entries: { path?: string; branch?: string }[],
+        directory: string,
+      ) {
         for (const item of entries) {
           if (!item.path) continue
-          const key = await canonical(item.path)
+          const key = yield* canonical(item.path)
           if (key === directory) return item
         }
-      })()
-    }
+        return undefined
+      })
 
-    const clean = (target: string) =>
-      fs
-        .rm(target, {
-          recursive: true,
-          force: true,
-          maxRetries: 5,
-          retryDelay: 100,
-        })
-        .catch((error) => {
-          const message = error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error)
-          throw new RemoveFailedError({ message: message || "Failed to remove git worktree directory" })
-        })
-
-    const stop = async (target: string) => {
-      if (!(await exists(target))) return
-      await git(["fsmonitor--daemon", "stop"], { cwd: target })
-    }
-
-    const list = await git(["worktree", "list", "--porcelain"], { cwd: Instance.worktree })
-    if (list.exitCode !== 0) {
-      throw new RemoveFailedError({ message: errorText(list) || "Failed to read git worktrees" })
-    }
-
-    const entry = await locate(list.stdout)
-
-    if (!entry?.path) {
-      const directoryExists = await exists(directory)
-      if (directoryExists) {
-        await stop(directory)
-        await clean(directory)
-      }
-      return true
-    }
-
-    await stop(entry.path)
-    const removed = await git(["worktree", "remove", "--force", entry.path], {
-      cwd: Instance.worktree,
-    })
-    if (removed.exitCode !== 0) {
-      const next = await git(["worktree", "list", "--porcelain"], { cwd: Instance.worktree })
-      if (next.exitCode !== 0) {
-        throw new RemoveFailedError({
-          message: errorText(removed) || errorText(next) || "Failed to remove git worktree",
-        })
+      function stopFsmonitor(target: string) {
+        return fsys.exists(target).pipe(
+          Effect.orDie,
+          Effect.flatMap((exists) => (exists ? git(["fsmonitor--daemon", "stop"], { cwd: target }) : Effect.void)),
+        )
       }
 
-      const stale = await locate(next.stdout)
-      if (stale?.path) {
-        throw new RemoveFailedError({ message: errorText(removed) || "Failed to remove git worktree" })
+      function cleanDirectory(target: string) {
+        return fsys.remove(target, { recursive: true }).pipe(Effect.ignore)
       }
-    }
 
-    await clean(entry.path)
+      const remove = Effect.fn("Worktree.remove")(function* (input: RemoveInput) {
+        if (Instance.project.vcs !== "git") {
+          throw new NotGitError({ message: "Worktrees are only supported for git projects" })
+        }
 
-    const branch = entry.branch?.replace(/^refs\/heads\//, "")
-    if (branch) {
-      const deleted = await git(["branch", "-D", branch], { cwd: Instance.worktree })
-      if (deleted.exitCode !== 0) {
-        throw new RemoveFailedError({ message: errorText(deleted) || "Failed to delete worktree branch" })
-      }
-    }
+        const directory = yield* canonical(input.directory)
 
-    return true
-  })
+        const list = yield* git(["worktree", "list", "--porcelain"], { cwd: Instance.worktree })
+        if (list.code !== 0) {
+          throw new RemoveFailedError({ message: list.stderr || list.text || "Failed to read git worktrees" })
+        }
 
-  export const reset = fn(ResetInput, async (input) => {
-    if (Instance.project.vcs !== "git") {
-      throw new NotGitError({ message: "Worktrees are only supported for git projects" })
-    }
+        const entries = parseWorktreeList(list.text)
+        const entry = yield* locateWorktree(entries, directory)
 
-    const directory = await canonical(input.directory)
-    const primary = await canonical(Instance.worktree)
-    if (directory === primary) {
-      throw new ResetFailedError({ message: "Cannot reset the primary workspace" })
-    }
+        if (!entry?.path) {
+          const directoryExists = yield* fsys.exists(directory).pipe(Effect.orDie)
+          if (directoryExists) {
+            yield* stopFsmonitor(directory)
+            yield* cleanDirectory(directory)
+          }
+          return true
+        }
 
-    const list = await git(["worktree", "list", "--porcelain"], { cwd: Instance.worktree })
-    if (list.exitCode !== 0) {
-      throw new ResetFailedError({ message: errorText(list) || "Failed to read git worktrees" })
-    }
+        yield* stopFsmonitor(entry.path)
+        const removed = yield* git(["worktree", "remove", "--force", entry.path], { cwd: Instance.worktree })
+        if (removed.code !== 0) {
+          const next = yield* git(["worktree", "list", "--porcelain"], { cwd: Instance.worktree })
+          if (next.code !== 0) {
+            throw new RemoveFailedError({
+              message: removed.stderr || removed.text || next.stderr || next.text || "Failed to remove git worktree",
+            })
+          }
 
-    const lines = outputText(list.stdout)
-      .split("\n")
-      .map((line) => line.trim())
-    const entries = lines.reduce<{ path?: string; branch?: string }[]>((acc, line) => {
-      if (!line) return acc
-      if (line.startsWith("worktree ")) {
-        acc.push({ path: line.slice("worktree ".length).trim() })
-        return acc
-      }
-      const current = acc[acc.length - 1]
-      if (!current) return acc
-      if (line.startsWith("branch ")) {
-        current.branch = line.slice("branch ".length).trim()
-      }
-      return acc
-    }, [])
+          const stale = yield* locateWorktree(parseWorktreeList(next.text), directory)
+          if (stale?.path) {
+            throw new RemoveFailedError({ message: removed.stderr || removed.text || "Failed to remove git worktree" })
+          }
+        }
 
-    const entry = await (async () => {
-      for (const item of entries) {
-        if (!item.path) continue
-        const key = await canonical(item.path)
-        if (key === directory) return item
-      }
-    })()
-    if (!entry?.path) {
-      throw new ResetFailedError({ message: "Worktree not found" })
-    }
+        yield* cleanDirectory(entry.path)
 
-    const remoteList = await git(["remote"], { cwd: Instance.worktree })
-    if (remoteList.exitCode !== 0) {
-      throw new ResetFailedError({ message: errorText(remoteList) || "Failed to list git remotes" })
-    }
+        const branch = entry.branch?.replace(/^refs\/heads\//, "")
+        if (branch) {
+          const deleted = yield* git(["branch", "-D", branch], { cwd: Instance.worktree })
+          if (deleted.code !== 0) {
+            throw new RemoveFailedError({
+              message: deleted.stderr || deleted.text || "Failed to delete worktree branch",
+            })
+          }
+        }
 
-    const remotes = outputText(remoteList.stdout)
-      .split("\n")
-      .map((line) => line.trim())
-      .filter(Boolean)
+        return true
+      })
 
-    const remote = remotes.includes("origin")
-      ? "origin"
-      : remotes.length === 1
-        ? remotes[0]
-        : remotes.includes("upstream")
-          ? "upstream"
-          : ""
+      const gitExpect = Effect.fnUntraced(function* (
+        args: string[],
+        opts: { cwd: string },
+        error: (r: GitResult) => Error,
+      ) {
+        const result = yield* git(args, opts)
+        if (result.code !== 0) throw error(result)
+        return result
+      })
 
-    const remoteHead = remote
-      ? await git(["symbolic-ref", `refs/remotes/${remote}/HEAD`], { cwd: Instance.worktree })
-      : { exitCode: 1, stdout: undefined, stderr: undefined }
+      const runStartCommand = Effect.fnUntraced(
+        function* (directory: string, cmd: string) {
+          const [shell, args] = process.platform === "win32" ? ["cmd", ["/c", cmd]] : ["bash", ["-lc", cmd]]
+          const handle = yield* spawner.spawn(ChildProcess.make(shell, args, { cwd: directory, extendEnv: true }))
+          const code = yield* handle.exitCode
+          return code
+        },
+        Effect.scoped,
+        Effect.catch(() => Effect.succeed(1)),
+      )
 
-    const remoteRef = remoteHead.exitCode === 0 ? outputText(remoteHead.stdout) : ""
-    const remoteTarget = remoteRef ? remoteRef.replace(/^refs\/remotes\//, "") : ""
-    const remoteBranch = remote && remoteTarget.startsWith(`${remote}/`) ? remoteTarget.slice(`${remote}/`.length) : ""
+      const runStartScript = Effect.fnUntraced(function* (directory: string, cmd: string, kind: string) {
+        const text = cmd.trim()
+        if (!text) return true
+        const code = yield* runStartCommand(directory, text)
+        if (code === 0) return true
+        log.error("worktree start command failed", { kind, directory })
+        return false
+      })
 
-    const mainCheck = await git(["show-ref", "--verify", "--quiet", "refs/heads/main"], {
-      cwd: Instance.worktree,
-    })
-    const masterCheck = await git(["show-ref", "--verify", "--quiet", "refs/heads/master"], {
-      cwd: Instance.worktree,
-    })
-    const localBranch = mainCheck.exitCode === 0 ? "main" : masterCheck.exitCode === 0 ? "master" : ""
+      const runStartScripts = Effect.fnUntraced(function* (
+        directory: string,
+        input: { projectID: ProjectID; extra?: string },
+      ) {
+        const row = yield* Effect.sync(() =>
+          Database.use((db) => db.select().from(ProjectTable).where(eq(ProjectTable.id, input.projectID)).get()),
+        )
+        const project = row ? Project.fromRow(row) : undefined
+        const startup = project?.commands?.start?.trim() ?? ""
+        const ok = yield* runStartScript(directory, startup, "project")
+        if (!ok) return false
+        yield* runStartScript(directory, input.extra ?? "", "worktree")
+        return true
+      })
 
-    const target = remoteBranch ? `${remote}/${remoteBranch}` : localBranch
-    if (!target) {
-      throw new ResetFailedError({ message: "Default branch not found" })
-    }
+      const prune = Effect.fnUntraced(function* (root: string, entries: string[]) {
+        const base = yield* canonical(root)
+        yield* Effect.forEach(
+          entries,
+          (entry) =>
+            Effect.gen(function* () {
+              const target = yield* canonical(pathSvc.resolve(root, entry))
+              if (target === base) return
+              if (!target.startsWith(`${base}${pathSvc.sep}`)) return
+              yield* fsys.remove(target, { recursive: true }).pipe(Effect.ignore)
+            }),
+          { concurrency: "unbounded" },
+        )
+      })
 
-    if (remoteBranch) {
-      const fetch = await git(["fetch", remote, remoteBranch], { cwd: Instance.worktree })
-      if (fetch.exitCode !== 0) {
-        throw new ResetFailedError({ message: errorText(fetch) || `Failed to fetch ${target}` })
-      }
-    }
+      const sweep = Effect.fnUntraced(function* (root: string) {
+        const first = yield* git(["clean", "-ffdx"], { cwd: root })
+        if (first.code === 0) return first
 
-    if (!entry.path) {
-      throw new ResetFailedError({ message: "Worktree path not found" })
-    }
+        const entries = failedRemoves(first.stderr, first.text)
+        if (!entries.length) return first
 
-    const worktreePath = entry.path
+        yield* prune(root, entries)
+        return yield* git(["clean", "-ffdx"], { cwd: root })
+      })
 
-    const resetToTarget = await git(["reset", "--hard", target], { cwd: worktreePath })
-    if (resetToTarget.exitCode !== 0) {
-      throw new ResetFailedError({ message: errorText(resetToTarget) || "Failed to reset worktree to target" })
-    }
+      const reset = Effect.fn("Worktree.reset")(function* (input: ResetInput) {
+        if (Instance.project.vcs !== "git") {
+          throw new NotGitError({ message: "Worktrees are only supported for git projects" })
+        }
 
-    const clean = await sweep(worktreePath)
-    if (clean.exitCode !== 0) {
-      throw new ResetFailedError({ message: errorText(clean) || "Failed to clean worktree" })
-    }
+        const directory = yield* canonical(input.directory)
+        const primary = yield* canonical(Instance.worktree)
+        if (directory === primary) {
+          throw new ResetFailedError({ message: "Cannot reset the primary workspace" })
+        }
 
-    const update = await git(["submodule", "update", "--init", "--recursive", "--force"], { cwd: worktreePath })
-    if (update.exitCode !== 0) {
-      throw new ResetFailedError({ message: errorText(update) || "Failed to update submodules" })
-    }
+        const list = yield* git(["worktree", "list", "--porcelain"], { cwd: Instance.worktree })
+        if (list.code !== 0) {
+          throw new ResetFailedError({ message: list.stderr || list.text || "Failed to read git worktrees" })
+        }
 
-    const subReset = await git(["submodule", "foreach", "--recursive", "git", "reset", "--hard"], {
-      cwd: worktreePath,
-    })
-    if (subReset.exitCode !== 0) {
-      throw new ResetFailedError({ message: errorText(subReset) || "Failed to reset submodules" })
-    }
+        const entry = yield* locateWorktree(parseWorktreeList(list.text), directory)
+        if (!entry?.path) {
+          throw new ResetFailedError({ message: "Worktree not found" })
+        }
 
-    const subClean = await git(["submodule", "foreach", "--recursive", "git", "clean", "-fdx"], {
-      cwd: worktreePath,
-    })
-    if (subClean.exitCode !== 0) {
-      throw new ResetFailedError({ message: errorText(subClean) || "Failed to clean submodules" })
-    }
+        const worktreePath = entry.path
 
-    const status = await git(["-c", "core.fsmonitor=false", "status", "--porcelain=v1"], { cwd: worktreePath })
-    if (status.exitCode !== 0) {
-      throw new ResetFailedError({ message: errorText(status) || "Failed to read git status" })
-    }
+        const remoteList = yield* git(["remote"], { cwd: Instance.worktree })
+        if (remoteList.code !== 0) {
+          throw new ResetFailedError({ message: remoteList.stderr || remoteList.text || "Failed to list git remotes" })
+        }
 
-    const dirty = outputText(status.stdout)
-    if (dirty) {
-      throw new ResetFailedError({ message: `Worktree reset left local changes:\n${dirty}` })
-    }
+        const remotes = remoteList.text
+          .split("\n")
+          .map((l) => l.trim())
+          .filter(Boolean)
+        const remote = remotes.includes("origin")
+          ? "origin"
+          : remotes.length === 1
+            ? remotes[0]
+            : remotes.includes("upstream")
+              ? "upstream"
+              : ""
 
-    const projectID = Instance.project.id
-    queueStartScripts(worktreePath, { projectID })
+        const remoteHead = remote
+          ? yield* git(["symbolic-ref", `refs/remotes/${remote}/HEAD`], { cwd: Instance.worktree })
+          : { code: 1, text: "", stderr: "" }
 
-    return true
-  })
+        const remoteRef = remoteHead.code === 0 ? remoteHead.text.trim() : ""
+        const remoteTarget = remoteRef ? remoteRef.replace(/^refs\/remotes\//, "") : ""
+        const remoteBranch =
+          remote && remoteTarget.startsWith(`${remote}/`) ? remoteTarget.slice(`${remote}/`.length) : ""
+
+        const [mainCheck, masterCheck] = yield* Effect.all(
+          [
+            git(["show-ref", "--verify", "--quiet", "refs/heads/main"], { cwd: Instance.worktree }),
+            git(["show-ref", "--verify", "--quiet", "refs/heads/master"], { cwd: Instance.worktree }),
+          ],
+          { concurrency: 2 },
+        )
+        const localBranch = mainCheck.code === 0 ? "main" : masterCheck.code === 0 ? "master" : ""
+
+        const target = remoteBranch ? `${remote}/${remoteBranch}` : localBranch
+        if (!target) {
+          throw new ResetFailedError({ message: "Default branch not found" })
+        }
+
+        if (remoteBranch) {
+          yield* gitExpect(
+            ["fetch", remote, remoteBranch],
+            { cwd: Instance.worktree },
+            (r) => new ResetFailedError({ message: r.stderr || r.text || `Failed to fetch ${target}` }),
+          )
+        }
+
+        yield* gitExpect(
+          ["reset", "--hard", target],
+          { cwd: worktreePath },
+          (r) => new ResetFailedError({ message: r.stderr || r.text || "Failed to reset worktree to target" }),
+        )
+
+        const cleanResult = yield* sweep(worktreePath)
+        if (cleanResult.code !== 0) {
+          throw new ResetFailedError({ message: cleanResult.stderr || cleanResult.text || "Failed to clean worktree" })
+        }
+
+        yield* gitExpect(
+          ["submodule", "update", "--init", "--recursive", "--force"],
+          { cwd: worktreePath },
+          (r) => new ResetFailedError({ message: r.stderr || r.text || "Failed to update submodules" }),
+        )
+
+        yield* gitExpect(
+          ["submodule", "foreach", "--recursive", "git", "reset", "--hard"],
+          { cwd: worktreePath },
+          (r) => new ResetFailedError({ message: r.stderr || r.text || "Failed to reset submodules" }),
+        )
+
+        yield* gitExpect(
+          ["submodule", "foreach", "--recursive", "git", "clean", "-fdx"],
+          { cwd: worktreePath },
+          (r) => new ResetFailedError({ message: r.stderr || r.text || "Failed to clean submodules" }),
+        )
+
+        const status = yield* git(["-c", "core.fsmonitor=false", "status", "--porcelain=v1"], { cwd: worktreePath })
+        if (status.code !== 0) {
+          throw new ResetFailedError({ message: status.stderr || status.text || "Failed to read git status" })
+        }
+
+        if (status.text.trim()) {
+          throw new ResetFailedError({ message: `Worktree reset left local changes:\n${status.text.trim()}` })
+        }
+
+        yield* runStartScripts(worktreePath, { projectID: Instance.project.id }).pipe(
+          Effect.catchCause((cause) => Effect.sync(() => log.error("worktree start task failed", { cause }))),
+          Effect.forkIn(scope),
+        )
+
+        return true
+      })
+
+      return Service.of({ makeWorktreeInfo, createFromInfo, create, remove, reset })
+    }),
+  )
+
+  const defaultLayer = layer.pipe(
+    Layer.provide(NodeChildProcessSpawner.layer),
+    Layer.provide(NodeFileSystem.layer),
+    Layer.provide(NodePath.layer),
+  )
+  const runPromise = makeRunPromise(Service, defaultLayer)
+
+  export async function makeWorktreeInfo(name?: string) {
+    return runPromise((svc) => svc.makeWorktreeInfo(name))
+  }
+
+  export async function createFromInfo(info: Info, startCommand?: string) {
+    return runPromise((svc) => svc.createFromInfo(info, startCommand))
+  }
+
+  export async function create(input?: CreateInput) {
+    return runPromise((svc) => svc.create(input))
+  }
+
+  export async function remove(input: RemoveInput) {
+    return runPromise((svc) => svc.remove(input))
+  }
+
+  export async function reset(input: ResetInput) {
+    return runPromise((svc) => svc.reset(input))
+  }
 }

packages/opencode/test/file/watcher.test.ts

@@ -5,9 +5,9 @@ import path from "path"
 import { Deferred, Effect, Option } from "effect"
 import { tmpdir } from "../fixture/fixture"
 import { watcherConfigLayer, withServices } from "../fixture/instance"
+import { Bus } from "../../src/bus"
 import { FileWatcher } from "../../src/file/watcher"
 import { Instance } from "../../src/project/instance"
-import { GlobalBus } from "../../src/bus/global"
 
 // Native @parcel/watcher bindings aren't reliably available in CI (missing on Linux, flaky on Windows)
 const describeWatcher = FileWatcher.hasNativeBinding() && !process.env.CI ? describe : describe.skip
@@ -16,7 +16,6 @@ const describeWatcher = FileWatcher.hasNativeBinding() && !process.env.CI ? desc
 // Helpers
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-type BusUpdate = { directory?: string; payload: { type: string; properties: WatcherEvent } }
 type WatcherEvent = { file: string; event: "add" | "change" | "unlink" }
 
 /** Run `body` with a live FileWatcher service. */
@@ -36,22 +35,17 @@ function withWatcher<E>(directory: string, body: Effect.Effect<void, E>) {
 function listen(directory: string, check: (evt: WatcherEvent) => boolean, hit: (evt: WatcherEvent) => void) {
   let done = false
 
-  function on(evt: BusUpdate) {
+  const unsub = Bus.subscribe(FileWatcher.Event.Updated, (evt) => {
     if (done) return
-    if (evt.directory !== directory) return
-    if (evt.payload.type !== FileWatcher.Event.Updated.type) return
-    if (!check(evt.payload.properties)) return
-    hit(evt.payload.properties)
-  }
+    if (!check(evt.properties)) return
+    hit(evt.properties)
+  })
 
-  function cleanup() {
+  return () => {
     if (done) return
     done = true
-    GlobalBus.off("event", on)
+    unsub()
   }
-
-  GlobalBus.on("event", on)
-  return cleanup
 }
 
 function wait(directory: string, check: (evt: WatcherEvent) => boolean) {

packages/opencode/test/project/worktree.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,162 @@
+import { $ } from "bun"
+import { afterEach, describe, expect, test } from "bun:test"
+import fs from "fs/promises"
+import path from "path"
+import { Instance } from "../../src/project/instance"
+import { Worktree } from "../../src/worktree"
+import { tmpdir } from "../fixture/fixture"
+
+function withInstance(directory: string, fn: () => Promise<any>) {
+  return Instance.provide({ directory, fn })
+}
+
+describe("Worktree", () => {
+  afterEach(() => Instance.disposeAll())
+
+  describe("makeWorktreeInfo", () => {
+    test("returns info with name, branch, and directory", async () => {
+      await using tmp = await tmpdir({ git: true })
+
+      const info = await withInstance(tmp.path, () => Worktree.makeWorktreeInfo())
+
+      expect(info.name).toBeDefined()
+      expect(typeof info.name).toBe("string")
+      expect(info.branch).toBe(`opencode/${info.name}`)
+      expect(info.directory).toContain(info.name)
+    })
+
+    test("uses provided name as base", async () => {
+      await using tmp = await tmpdir({ git: true })
+
+      const info = await withInstance(tmp.path, () => Worktree.makeWorktreeInfo("my-feature"))
+
+      expect(info.name).toBe("my-feature")
+      expect(info.branch).toBe("opencode/my-feature")
+    })
+
+    test("slugifies the provided name", async () => {
+      await using tmp = await tmpdir({ git: true })
+
+      const info = await withInstance(tmp.path, () => Worktree.makeWorktreeInfo("My Feature Branch!"))
+
+      expect(info.name).toBe("my-feature-branch")
+    })
+
+    test("throws NotGitError for non-git directories", async () => {
+      await using tmp = await tmpdir()
+
+      await expect(
+        withInstance(tmp.path, () => Worktree.makeWorktreeInfo()),
+      ).rejects.toThrow("WorktreeNotGitError")
+    })
+  })
+
+  describe("create + remove lifecycle", () => {
+    test("create returns worktree info and remove cleans up", async () => {
+      await using tmp = await tmpdir({ git: true })
+
+      const info = await withInstance(tmp.path, () => Worktree.create())
+
+      expect(info.name).toBeDefined()
+      expect(info.branch).toStartWith("opencode/")
+      expect(info.directory).toBeDefined()
+
+      // Worktree directory should exist after bootstrap
+      await Bun.sleep(500)
+
+      const ok = await withInstance(tmp.path, () => Worktree.remove({ directory: info.directory }))
+      expect(ok).toBe(true)
+
+      // Directory should be cleaned up
+      const exists = await fs.stat(info.directory).then(() => true).catch(() => false)
+      expect(exists).toBe(false)
+
+      // Branch should be deleted
+      const ref = await $`git show-ref --verify --quiet refs/heads/${info.branch}`.cwd(tmp.path).quiet().nothrow()
+      expect(ref.exitCode).not.toBe(0)
+    })
+
+    test("create returns info immediately and fires Event.Ready after bootstrap", async () => {
+      await using tmp = await tmpdir({ git: true })
+      const { GlobalBus } = await import("../../src/bus/global")
+
+      const ready = new Promise<{ name: string; branch: string }>((resolve, reject) => {
+        const timer = setTimeout(() => {
+          GlobalBus.off("event", on)
+          reject(new Error("timed out waiting for worktree.ready"))
+        }, 10_000)
+
+        function on(evt: { directory?: string; payload: { type: string; properties: any } }) {
+          if (evt.payload.type !== Worktree.Event.Ready.type) return
+          clearTimeout(timer)
+          GlobalBus.off("event", on)
+          resolve(evt.payload.properties)
+        }
+
+        GlobalBus.on("event", on)
+      })
+
+      const info = await withInstance(tmp.path, () => Worktree.create())
+
+      // create returns immediately — info is available before bootstrap completes
+      expect(info.name).toBeDefined()
+      expect(info.branch).toStartWith("opencode/")
+
+      // Event.Ready fires after bootstrap finishes in the background
+      const props = await ready
+      expect(props.name).toBe(info.name)
+      expect(props.branch).toBe(info.branch)
+
+      // Cleanup
+      await Bun.sleep(100)
+      await withInstance(tmp.path, () => Worktree.remove({ directory: info.directory }))
+    })
+
+    test("create with custom name", async () => {
+      await using tmp = await tmpdir({ git: true })
+
+      const info = await withInstance(tmp.path, () => Worktree.create({ name: "test-workspace" }))
+
+      expect(info.name).toBe("test-workspace")
+      expect(info.branch).toBe("opencode/test-workspace")
+
+      // Cleanup
+      await withInstance(tmp.path, () => Worktree.remove({ directory: info.directory }))
+    })
+  })
+
+  describe("createFromInfo", () => {
+    test("creates and bootstraps git worktree", async () => {
+      await using tmp = await tmpdir({ git: true })
+
+      const info = await withInstance(tmp.path, () => Worktree.makeWorktreeInfo("from-info-test"))
+      await withInstance(tmp.path, () => Worktree.createFromInfo(info))
+
+      // Worktree should exist in git
+      const list = await $`git worktree list --porcelain`.cwd(tmp.path).quiet().text()
+      expect(list).toContain(info.directory)
+
+      // Cleanup
+      await withInstance(tmp.path, () => Worktree.remove({ directory: info.directory }))
+    })
+  })
+
+  describe("remove edge cases", () => {
+    test("remove non-existent directory succeeds silently", async () => {
+      await using tmp = await tmpdir({ git: true })
+
+      const ok = await withInstance(tmp.path, () =>
+        Worktree.remove({ directory: path.join(tmp.path, "does-not-exist") }),
+      )
+      expect(ok).toBe(true)
+    })
+
+    test("throws NotGitError for non-git directories", async () => {
+      await using tmp = await tmpdir()
+
+      await expect(
+        withInstance(tmp.path, () => Worktree.remove({ directory: "/tmp/fake" })),
+      ).rejects.toThrow("WorktreeNotGitError")
+    })
+  })
+})